Hand Submersion: Under Water Muscle Stimulation (Remove Edema Swelling)

Electrodes in this video are PALS® Electrodes by Axelgaard Manufacturing. Written instructions for this video:
Electrical stimulation can be used to manage edema in a water environment. The negative electrode is placed into the water, along with the edematous extremity. A positive electrode is placed, in this case, on the upper forearm.
Low frequency stimulation of one twitch per second is used, with the goal of muscle pumping the edema out of the extremity.
If the subject removes the hand from the water, the quality of the stimulation decreases. As the hand is re-submerged, activation of the intrinsic muscles of the hand can be seen.
Please note that once the electrode has been submerged the conductive and adhesive gel will float off of the electrode. The electrode can be used again for submersion, but it can not be used for stimulation directly on the patient's skin.
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You can view the full series on our CZcams or at www.axelgaard....
The video content has been made available for informational and educational purposes only. The video content is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read or seen online.
Axelgaard Manufacturing hereby disclaims any and all liability to any party for any direct, indirect, implied, punitive, special, incidental or other consequential damages arising directly or indirectly from any use of the video content, which is provided as is, and without warranties.We trust that this video will assist your efforts in providing the most effective treatment to your patients.
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Thanks for the video. I was wondering if you could tell me what kind of nodes you utilized in this video?