The Ancestors of Our Ancestors ~ with PROFESSOR DAVID BEGUN
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- čas přidán 15. 06. 2024
- Did ancient African apes journey into Europe before returning to Africa?
PROFESSOR DAVID R. BEGUN is a paleoanthropologist and paleoprimatologist based in the University of Toronto, researching the evolution of the lineages of great apes and humans.
In August, 2023, news of the discovery of a new fossil ape - the 8-million-year-old Anadoluvius turkae - hit the headlines, supporting the hypothesis that the ancestors of African apes and humans migrated into Europe before returning to Africa...
MARK from Evolution Soup goes on this fascinating migratory journey that takes us from Africa, to Miocene Europe, and back to Africa again.
00:00 START
02:07 David's background
03:25 The Africa-Europe-Africa migration
21:19 The Anadoluvius discovery
24:37 Landscape & migrations
28:03 Return to Africa
31:36 The human lineage
36:04 New discoveries
LINKS FOR PROF DAVID R. BEGUN:
SITE: begun.anthropology.utoronto.ca/
University of Toronto: www.utoronto.ca/
University of Toronto Twitter: / uoft
ARTWORK
SPECIAL THANKS to paleoartist Jason Brougham for his Proconsul/Ekembo artwork!
Jason Brougham SITE: softdinosaurs.net/
Julio Lacerda, paleoartist: SITE: / paleoart
Insta: @lacerda.julio
BOOKS
The Real Planet of the Apes: A New Story of Human Origins amzn.to/3EL75hz
Lost Anatomies: The Evolution of the Human Form amzn.to/3PeZixD
RESEARCH PAPERS
A new ape from Türkiye and the radiation of late Miocene hominines
bit.ly/3PwqIPz
Potential hominin affinities of Graecopithecus from the Late Miocene of Europe bit.ly/3PSSWWe
Fossil Record of Miocene Hominoids bit.ly/3tcASND
FOOTAGE
University of Toronto Drone Footage via Combination Photographer.
The Dordogne, France: Lascaux - via Rick Steves' Europe.
Dordogne 4K - via Walking Through.
Orangutans - via Science Magazine.
Rudabánya - via FS Photo-video-drone.
Interviews powered by streamyard.com/
#evolutionsoup #evolution #paleo #paleontology #paleoartist #Homosapiens #hominid #artwork #Darwin #cave #bone #fossils #Neanderthal #australopithecus #hominin #extinct #animals #science #anthropology #paleoanthropology #genus #species #africa #skull #skulls #naturalselection #lucy #paleontology
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DISCLAIMER:
Copyright Disclaimer Under Section 107 of the Copyright Act 1976, allowance is made for "fair use" for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, and research. Fair use is a use permitted by copyright statute that might otherwise be infringing. Non-profit, educational or personal use tips the balance in favor of fair use.
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Really appreciate the work Prof. Begun and his colleagues are doing. Must take the patience of angels to find and process the fossils and a scientific mind to match. Thank you all.
You just answered about 47 questions I've been harboring in the back of my mind for many decades. 😊
Well did he answer these 2 questions.
Name the mechanism and give one example of each. How an organism gains new never before seen genetic information and name one bennificial mutations and example without a loss of information in the genes.
Lol you see this is a huge problem for evolution they can't do either. We see copying of existing genes and broken genes with a loss of genetic fitness. Those 2 thongs totally disproves evolution. You can look up the fruit fly experiment. We get fruit flies and dead fruit flies nothing new or different. Soft tissue in dino bones has been found in over 120 different bones now. Ranging from a supposed 65 million to 500 million years old. The protiens they have found in the soft tissue proves beyond a doubt they are not even a million years old. So academia has a lot of misinformation to account for
I grew up with the idea human origins began in Africa but I`m willing to accept we could've started in Europe instead. Either way our human family tree still started as just One ancestral population and that`s what`s really important to me.
Humans, genus Homo, definitely started in Africa. That would go back only 2-3 million years. Apes, on the other hand, have been around some 20 million years. Where they originated is an entirely separate question.
At 31:37 we talk about the human lineage :-)
@@EvolutionSoup Opps! must`ve missed that part to be fair it was late at night when I watched this!
Humans originated in Africa.
@@godofthisshitsorry but they don't know that at all. Most of the so called human ancestors are not any where near human. In fact the picks of Lucy walking upright with human eyes are just that ART WORK no more real then Harry potters basilisk lol. The dna doesn't give any proof to comman ancestry in fact it actually proves against it. There are 1.2 million more pairs of dna in humans then chimps. Which is far to many for mutation and natural selection to give us chimps and humans from a common ancestry. That's the bad thing about academia these days they love to exaggerate and hype things. Grant money pays the bills and allows for research which your not going to get if you say oh look I found a monkey or an ape... if you say I found a possible human ancestor though it's a big difference. So just take these guys with a ton of salt and skeptical mindset with careful reading or listening of what they say. Then you will see how much is guess and how much is fact.
What a great episode. Prof. Begun is wonderful to listen to. Thank you for another fine episode. Loved the title of "The Ancestors of Our Ancestors", alluded to at 31:50 . Again, many thanks.
Thank you-- it was how David described the apes in this hypothesis, though he also calls them 'the ancestors of our last common ancestor' (a slightly less catchy title!)
The greatest hoax theory continues to strut the halls of academia.
@@combinedeffects4799 The greatest hoax is monotheism: Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. The three evils of humanity.
@@larryparis925 maybe Islam is evil like your beloved atheism - as they are just as murderous and brutal - All you have is micro variations - trying to extrapolate into that BS macro crap is for the naive . Time of the gaps plus Chance of the gaps plus some wild imagination and your hoax theory gets to strut like a peacock in the Biology classroom.
This channel needs to get more subscribers! Great content! Well done!
Because more & more people are not buying into a theory passed off as fact. There is more evidence in creation than just a happy accident that produced life. A fool studies creation without acknowledging a creator. The opposite should occur, the study of creation should bring you to the conclusion that there is a creator. Higher education in this world is knowledge without wisdom.
@@user-lx9iz4ue7y You must be one of those christian right people from America. A fool like you studies creation by acknowledging a creator. We are not fools because we study evolution not creation.
Based on your theory then who created the creator?@@user-lx9iz4ue7y
By the way H stand as what?
So you have been "created" but decided to be invisible.lol
Is your first language, English? You sound like you are lacking the mastery of English.@@fransinhooo
A very apt surname for an expert on our origins. 🙂
Terrific video again. I've said this before, if find these videos are well-structured but you also allow your guest to present things at their own pace. The segmented chapters in on the time bar is also very handy. I have heard of this theory before but it was great to go into the specifics. What surprised me most was how much emphasis was put in the roots of the teeth. Teeth obviously change with evolution and can say so much about the habits of a species as well as the health of an individual. When you think about the importance of teeth, your entire thought is based on the 'business end' of the tooth rather than where and how it is anchored. It might seem small but very interesting.
To stay an atheist, You would have to believe that nothing produces everything; non-life produces life; randomness produces fine-tuning; chaos produces information; unconsciousness produces consciousness; and non-reason produces reason. Your leap of faith is a religion built on blind faith.
Huh? You're both dumbing-down _and_ misrepresenting huge fields of scientific research
@@easylivingsherpa.
Have you also assumed that further research isn't being conducted?
It looks like you're oblivious of the fact, that the scientific process specifically requires scientists to actively question and test our ideas, theories and discoveries.
All of this demonstrates why science is fundamentally different to the "blind faith" you accuse it of - much less, being a religion itself.
@@assininecomment1630 And we can dispense the lie that theists are too dumb to understand evolution because I own 35 books on evolution and
have downloaded and read 50 more from Google books. I dont need to go to any creationist website for my
information because evolutionists give me all of the ammo that I need to show them that what they believe is
wrought with errors and requires faith to believe in it. They call that faith, something you evolutionists have no
shortage of. What we want is something from the scientific method proving evolution. Give us something
observable for Darwinian evolution and shut us up once and for all. Or dont you have anything observable taken
from the claptrap you call evolution. Thats not a rhetorical question because we know that you dont. Now comes
the weepy sonnet where you give us bacteria turning into bacteria, no mutations ever showing an addition of
positive information, adaptation, and a host of other scientific facts to replace your lack of any proof.And no a
thousand pissed off fruit flies wont work either. I want something observable. Something where one species has
changed into another because thats what evolution is all about anyway. And attach it to the hip of the scientific
method. If all youve got is a big fat zero then thats all that your opinions are worth.
To reiterate I asked for observable evidence for Darwinian evolution and not faith in the unobserved. You cant tell if a fossil
had any kids let alone morphed into a separate species. You fools have no proof for this religion that you call
evolution.Thats why its flailing like a dying animal taking its last breath.
@@assininecomment1630 I agree. Atheists can't refute any point he made but cling to the blind faith that their discoveries don't reveal God's work.
@@assininecomment1630They believe the earth is 6000 years old, women have one less rib than men & donkeys speak Hebrew. It’s a waste of time to explain. Unfortunately, one can’t explain something to someone who doesn’t want to know anything.
I believe our understanding of human evolution is going to continue to grow and evolve. Starting from a linear perspective in Darwins time, to a branching tree, and finally to a complex bush of interbreeding and migration.
Darwin's theory of Survival of the fittest in full implement , of logically course !
Hey Sorry guys Darwin is dead his theory was just bad. There is no proof and genetics and the fossil record don't support his idea. Its just a sad shame they keep pushing this bad idea eventually they will revise it and come up with something else.
How about an intelligent designer from Alpha Centuri or from your imagination?
@terranbiped8358 We can take bong hits and amuse ourselves all day with what if. All aliens do is complicate the question. Now you need to explain how the aliens came about unless, of course, you have evidence.
@@terranbiped8358 Human imagination ? Could be dangerous .
Thank goodness I've found a history channel with proper voices.
Anatolya, were fosil were found, a part of today Turkey, is not in Europe, just for the record.
Like with Ukraine recently.
Very interesting! Thank you for the fascinating interview!
Excellent!
So... this means we're all Germans? Joking aside : fascinating video. Tracing back our lineage by teeth fossils, especially our modest canine teeth. Good thing teeth can last for millions of years in the earth (though they can hardly manage a couple of decades in my mouth ;)
uberhaupt
I recall learning of this possibility more that twenty yrs ago as an anthro undergrad. It may also be a result of an incomplete and very scant African fossil record, which may be due to preservation bias and also lack of research and paleo anthropology being conducted in parts of Africa due to political difficulties. It’s easier to excavate your own back yard as it were. My other concern is that racism was very overt and prevalent amongst European Paleoanthropologist’s in the early years of exploration. The idea of an African origin for Homo was an anathema. Many latched onto the idea that Homo had an Asian or European origin and only later migrated into Africa because the thought of African ancestry no matter how deep in the past for white Europeans was unacceptable. I can’t help but wonder if those who enthusiastically tout these findings don’t do so for the same reason even if it may be unconscious bias on their part. I’m just saying before one jumps on the bandwagon that the ancestors of Homo, or Homo itself migrated from Asia or Europe into Africa to question whether one has unconscious racist bias against an African origin. It may be the case that like many other Eurasian fauna, the ancestors of Homo migrated along with them into Africa. It’s also true that African faunal assemblages migrated into Eurasia as well and may have included early apes as well. I’m just saying proceed with caution and question if one is engaging in bias confirmation no matter how unconscious it may be and be aware there may be evidence some day from Africa that suggests an African origin after all.
Exactly
It looks like quackery, race-based quackery
I had a similar thought. Follow evidence, not bias. Whatever our origin is doesn't bother me. But we must remember to do good science.
I have a long-time interest in mammalogy from working in a Natural History Museum as an undergraduate. Even in the 70s researchers were aware that the fossil record indicated that the great apes originated in Europe. Great to see new studies to back this up.
czcams.com/video/iIleSC7mPrY/video.htmlsi=QFi6T1WuvUS3T-xF
As a computer scientist I find this so amazing, my sister is what we call a bone digger in my family and my god I can listen and look through her "book" for days, makes you feel so small. I would love to meet our ancestors from millions of years ago, even 1 million!!
You and me both 🙂❤️
I wonder how Kenyapitcheus fits into this (I think the consensus is an African Ponginae circa 14 mya?)? Was this the fragmentary African species he was referring to?
Thanks for that. Very informative!
Excellent ❤
Sorry if this is a noob question....
10:55 - When Prof. Begun says they have some good skeletons of _Rudapithecus H._ 10mya, are these fossilised or actual bone?
I can't recall learning how long the fossilisation process generally takes, or if/what factors might drastically quicken or delay that process.
FWIW, I've only stumbled across this channel in my diverse procrastinational wanderings around YewTyoob (while I should be finishing off the assessment paperwork of my own students 🙄).
I find Begun's manner, excellent. He provides suffient details to advance a science nerd's knowledge, but generalised enough for it to make sense to people with little familiarity of the field.
So, great work, fellas!
🙂👍
Welcome! The channel is for everyone - for casual curious and for the academic.
The bones would definitely be fossilized (10K+ years for fossilization to occur). However, new techniques in proteomics may be able to bring forth information similar to DNA testing.
Fantastic. Thanks for the clear explanation
This channel is fantastic. I never miss an episode. Thanks for what you do and keep up the good work!
This was a great interview & I really enjoyed it.
Since fossils are difficult to find, but not impossible to find - there is that possibility of fossils in both in Europe, Asia and Africia that do exist that have not been found yet.
Extremely interesting-I often wondered about the origins of orangutans, which in some aspects are more intelligent and human-like than chimps, exhibiting, for example, an apparent sense of humor
Thank you for this content/information. Very interesting.
If there was a cooling/drying climate gradient pushing Eurasian mammals down thru the Levant into Africa, the fact that the stem-ape arose in Eurasia could account both for branching either outside or inside of Africa, or any permutation of branching history, I would expect. Pongo in SE Asia is the clearest evidence of Eurasian stem-ape origin.
What do these finds do to the work of Spencer Wells, author of The Journey of Man: A Genetic Odyssey?
Thank you.
Amazing stuff
A lot of Begun's hypothesis hinges on the assumption that there should have been fossil evidence for great apes in Africa at the time when he points out there's an absence of such, but I think this fails to properly account for how poorly fossilization occurs in the rainforest, which is where these apes would primarily live; and during the Miocene Climactic Optimum those rainforests would likely have extended far beyond their current range too. We didn't even have a chimpanzee fossil until just a couple of decades ago if I'm not mistaken.
Stellar presentation. Thanks.
read your book, very interesting, thanks for your hard work.
Liked and subbed
What kind of foods were they able to eat? Grains, vegetables, grasses, what?
There was a variety of hominini and they didn't eat all the same things. He was mentioning a few fossils he figured might be homonim stem fossils
MARZ BARS
The Mediterranean Sea dried up because the Gibraltar gap closed up. 19:52
YOU are a good Story teller
Interesting🎉
thank you
Well my latest hypothesis is that we all originally came from the sea, so we're all evolved fish. So lets have no more arguments over Africa, Europe, Black, White, monkeys or apes or whatever else. We're all fish guys so just chill the fuck out okay!
Our inner fish❤
I have to ask show me the mechanism for an organism to gain new information it never had before? Just one example and do your home work I don't want to hear of a copy of already existing genes I want the mechanism for change the evolution of the organism how can it get new never before had information. Decent with modification doesn't cut it either you have thousands of pairs of rna not to mention dna that all have to be almost perfect to function correctly so you can't get that mechanism that way either. It's their already existing and bad info. You can try to point out a bennificial mutation but I haven't seen one yet that doesn't come with the lack of function of a gene or genetic degradation that turns out to be more harmful then bennificial. So thank you I'm not trying to be rude just pointing out major flaws in this bad idea
@@vikingskuld
Your understanding of genetics is abysmal.
@@vikingskuld What's that got to do with fish?
@@JDUK71 not a lot I'm just poking holes in the really bad idea that Darwins evolution is an actual scientific fact. There is no mechanism for an organism to gain new never before had genes or information. The organisms dna can degrade or it can copy its own information but there isn't a way for it to gain new info so nothing can evolve like they say. It doesn't happen. They don't have historical proof of it and noone has seen it happen so the change they say it takes to evolve isn't possible. Not once have I heard of or found an example for it. That's all I'm doing. I'm in no way trying to be rude to you or anything like that and I apologize if I may have come accross that way.
I published these ideas of migrations from Europe to Africa in my "savanna myth" paper - Nikos Solounias
This is nothing to be shy about. Let your voice be heard, Professor Solounias! Why don't you put a link to your website in your comment. I reckon a scientist of your stature and renown would make a perfect guest on this channel, too!
Where do the Hylobattids fit in?
Before or after Akembo??
Eurobros, we are so back
CZcams has been outstanding, recommending me incredible up and coming channels!!
All hail the only true/real God, the algorithm God!
great
Just out of curiosity, since I doubt all of the ancestral branches moved in and out of Africa at the same time, and since mega fauna was moving back and forth over the Beringia connection, did any of those ancestors make it into America? It would certainly explain many of the First Nations stories of giants and other non human humanoids, and the presence of really old really primitive tools, or possibly tools, at several American sites. Life forms adapt to conditions and quite possibly some of the apes would have adjusted to the changes rather than migrated away.
Gryphopethicus looks reminiscent of a Macaque without the tail.
Very interesting .
Based on fossils, we're not out of Africa but migrated through Africa and then around the world. Isn't that amazing that fossils could prove scientific human evolution!
by all means, where did homo sapiens evolve?
31:07 How does the sampling effort of Middle-Late Miocene Europe compare to that in Eastern Africa, though? I don't have the hard data, but I suspect its been much greater in the former.
You can find is theory in books written over 100 yrs ago. I’m currently reading a book from 1920 that stated this theory before him.
What's the name of the book?
@@show_me_your_kitties Gentilism religion before Christianity. So it just explains these theories are not new but rather ancient
@@vamorris6316 All modern religions evolved from sun/sky watchers and worshipers of prehistory and ancient times. I'll look into the book. Thank you.
Ignorance more frequently begets confidence than does knowledge: it is those who know little, and not those who know much, who so positively assert that this or that problem will never be solved by science.". Charles Darwin
You made the apes go through Egypt Levantine etc where they could have gone over through Spain if there was a land connection
He didn't "make" them: that's where the successively dated fossils have been found.
What was the "Dark Secret"? The video was good enough without resorting to clickbait.
So the ancestors of our ancestors evolved in Europe and Asia?
It would be amusing if Hominins originated from the land now under the Mediterranean sea.
And no I don't mean Atlantis.....
Oh yeah is that so???? i'll have you know life began in the sea and Atlantis may be the actual birth place humans and some mammals that may have ventured into africa as well. So y'know whut...
MU 😊
at about 6:00 in the animation suggest that these apes populating Europe were knuckle-walkers...that is not wright!
I think these are just generic ape silhouettes
knuckle-walkers is so much moor likely than tightrope walkers -just saying
I guess that could be true. Just because we evolved in Africa doesn't mean all our ancestors were always there and never anywhere else.
I'm not out of Africa myself 😊
David skipped over the Gibbons line who on the ground were bipedal.
Quite a bit of information was left out. I anticipated this lecture and was highly disappointed, but not surprised. This is the second time, on this channel, that I am aware of, of "professional scientists," skirting facts, including their own. From a professor of the sciences, it's disappointing.
*Let the Sunshine In...*
At times in the past, the Mediteranian Sea was a group of lakes, and not one contigious barrier between Europe and Africa. It was not just apes that roamed about Europe.
This is referred to at 19:40 in the video.
We were all once spores in the ocean
Well, I'll be a monkey's uncle! Love the podcast!
Mee Ape adapt too Key board, duh....
(Greetings from Bavaria!)
The Professor mentioned climate became drier think he said 13 million years ago but doesn't know why. Saw an astronomy video, suggesting the sun has an undulating orbit of the Milky Way Galaxy once every 220 million years, which in turn would probably affect the earths climate.
yeah sure....lol
@@RoninTF2011 As long as I don't sound like a genius, you do though :)
Humanity is not liked,
eBook series 'Religion Separates Man From God.'
Brian Cox mentioned that in one of his lectures.
How can these skeletal remains be attributes to humans ... Thats my biggest debate about the hypothesis...theres so many factora and even more x factors that cant be quantified ... How do we.know aome of these remains from Macedonia for example arent thr progenitors of modern orangutanga for example and not in our direct lineage
An accumulation of diagnostic characteristics will be the deciding factor.
DNA analysis
@@spacewaste2459 DNA is not recorded and is basically impossible from fossils this old.
I see the resemblance in past mother
Instead of asking where is the evidence, he asks tell us a story. All good stories start with millions of years ago in a galaxy far far away.
So the theory is now 'Out of Africa into Europe, back to Africa and out into the world?' 🙉😂
So How these early Apes moves towards Europe and back .They dont have any technology.
@@atifshahzad4728they walk
Hypothesis.
I believe that our direct ancestors were not one species, but a continuous coalition of several, or many species of homo. That means our linage could diverge into some African ape ancestors and some European ape ancestors. It seems logical, if not likely that our DNA has many roots.
Your belief is not supported by any science.
What about the bloodgroups . O gold and O neg Is spesial ❤
What's so special about having a minority blood type, and having less doner blood available if you get a serious injury? Or your immune system killing your babies in the womb because you have rh negative blood? Seems more like a liability to me.
this is highly controversial. most anthropologists don't think the evidence points to Begun's hypothesis. they don't even bother disputing it for the most part.
Minor nitpick, but aardvarks are a member of afrotheria.
MINOR FACKTIOD aardvarks wearing black leather jackets are call "well-hardvarks"
So excited because climate affects evolution on species 🤔 Because evolution science and climate with geology now that DNA can be analyzed this from 2010 AD most exciting because wholly Mammoth was in Alaska all year long with eating vegitation with all other species that all evolved with each other has always been my passion because History of Everything now has many various specialists that had not existed when I was reading science of everything with behavior of all living species that evolved that geology geography affected for everything with the sea barely studied . 😁👍
I'm confused. Has the Scientific name, Proconsul africanus been changed?
To account for substantial morphological variation in the genus Proconsul, two species, P. nyanzae and P. heseloni, were placed in the new genus Ekembo.
@@EvolutionSoup thank you
What were We before we were small tree dwelling mammals in Africa?
Synapsids.
Can prof. B GIVE a mechanism to gain new never before seen information in an organism? Can he give an example of a bennificial mutation that doesnt comecat a loss of information and make the organism less fit then before? He tells a good story but thats all it seems to be is just a story with no proof.... im not trying to be rude this is a serious problem with evolution as we know it. Thanks for the video
No, it isn't. many such mutations come after genes, sometimes singly, sometimes in large groups, sometimes in entire chromosomes, sometimes in entire genomes, get duplicated (the last happens in plants _a lot_). When you have two copies of a gene doing the same thing, one can carry on doing it while the other can change through mutations to start doing something else, thus overall the amount of information is increased, not decreased.
@@terryhunt2659 old again the word new means new never before seen in the organism is pretty self explanatory. The fact you want to ignore that and try to push gene copies as new is deceptive stupid obtuse and just desperate. I know the plants your talking about and yes. Copies can happen. Yet its not new. The plant carried that information with it all along. It's not new, hence the word COPY, I don't care that it gives better yield. It's still yielding the same grain it always has. You can't get new information. Like a human will never grow wings. There is no mechanism to gain the information for such change. Richard Dawkins can't answer this question so no offense I doubt you can. It's just proof macro evolution doesn't happen and CANT happen. You can see fish change head shape and bone structure or loose eyesight or gain it in one generation depending on how its feeding or if it's in a cave. Those changes are already in the genes there is nothing else that does it. It's not evolving its some how changing according to how it's feeding and the DNA realizes this and changes the structure of it. That's not evolution at all. No matter what it's still a fish and always will be. Micro RNA soft tissue in Dino bones and so many other things proves evolution is a bad idea. It's not science so no its not a theory it's seriously religious belief at this point. I hope you understand what I'm saying I'm really not trying to be rude. I just want people to see the fallacy academia is spreading.
Very very interesting. Now can we hypothesize that Neanderthals and Denisovans independently evolved from European apes?
Well that would be a very ridiculous hypothesis since it goes against all the evidence we have right now.
We have actual DNA from both, and they diverged from us recently
Was thinking the same thing. That's why Neanderthals were already in Europe when modern humans moved into Europe from Africa.
@@eastafrica1020 Neanderthals descend from a population of Homo heidelbergensis that left Africa before Homo sapiens did. That’s why Neanderthals were already in Europe and Denisovans were in Asia, because the share an African ancestor that would also give rise to Homo sapiens in Africa.
@eastafrica1020 There was no "Out of Africa". It's a fairy tale
Evolution Always Occurs When And Where Conditions R Best !! DUH!!!😅
Another case of your name matching your job!
The ancestor of my ancestor is my... friend?
@@JT_Soul if you follow the formula: the ancestor of my ancestor is not related!
Where ever it was, it probably would have looked like Africa.
I want to know more about chimp fossils we have almost none. Why?
The main reason why there’s such a sparse panin fossil record is because of the environment where they live. Chimps live in denser African rainforests. Rainforests have very acidic soil, making fossilization very difficult to occur there. That’s the same reason why we have a very small chiropteran (bat) fossil record.
They started eating meat and that was the cause of the jawbone bigger because they in reality when they fight a different part of the clan they eat their dead they do not waste anyting so they began to eat meat they started killing other monkey's for meet specially newborns
Africa was before Europe. I am only saying this cause the place that was frozen while humans was migrating was eroupe. And nothing could live in frozen regions for thousands of years. So let's start with that fact.
The Aardvark is African, not Asian.
Yes, an Afrotherian but of course one mistake doesn't affect the argument of ape migration.
aardvarks wearing black leather jackets are call "Well-Hardvarks" and they are from west side story
Don’t blame our ignorance and stupidity on the ape.
Oh, my comment got deleted. If I said something that someone found insulting in some way, I apologize. I did not intend for anything to be insulting. I really did find the presentation to be quite interesting. Maybe I just got too long winded. I do that sometimes. Again, I offer my apologies. I'm truly sorry, and I'll try not to do it again.
If man did evolve, then language should have evolved too. Language experts say thete is no language ever found that is primitive as from animal sounds. Linguist experts say language is language no matter were its from or time period.
Instead of telling us about the physical APPEARANCE the apes to prove the origin of humans, why not tell us about their DNA? DNA in animals tell us from whence they came, they leave markers in their DNA. Plus I would hope our ancestors were smart enough to find a warm place to get things started. Not Europe!
Do you have any interest in the Sasquatch question
Aren't all these new apes (Anadolius, Graechopithecus) too recent to be in our line? Sahelanthropus is already in our line, very clearly so (bipedal, human-like brain, already diverged from Pan) and is of roughly the same age 7-8 Ma.
These are interesting but almost certainly a side branch rather, great apes must have already radiated by then.
A cursory look at the paper suggests that these researchers are cherry-picking the evidence: where is Sahelanthropus in fig. 5? Where is Proconsul even?!
This is sensationalism, not serious science!
He cites Sahelanthropus at 21:14, as coming after the European fossils already described: don't underestimate the very large time frames involved; a huge amount of evolution can occur within one million years, particularly for shorter-lived species - it's about generations, not absolute time spans.
@@terryhunt2659 - I missed that. Not sure if it is my bad or that he just glossed over it so fast and unremarkably (especially for such a key fossil, which is, not "arguably" the first of our line, after parting ways with chimps and bonobos) that I just didn't notice.
Would he comment something more than a single sentence, I'd stand corrected, but, considering how fast he goes over it, I can't say so.
A million years is a lot but Homo sp. has been around for longer than 2 Ma, and the Pan-Homo clade ("hominins"?) has probably been around for 10-20 Ma (credible estimates for the Pan-Homo split range from 8 to as much as 17 Ma). So maybe what we should underestimate is the difficulty for fossils to preserve in jungle conditions, which are the worst... but also the ones in which we should expect to find most of our ancestors and in general those of Primates.
The ancestors of our ancestors were humans just like we are.
Nope. They were ape-like beings.
@@Axxe80Why do people want their ancestors to be apes so badly…this is strange if you think about it…not criticizing people for thinking this I’m just curious why ? 🦍
@@redbeardsbirds3747 ...because it's the scientifically proven truth.
@@redbeardsbirds3747you're in the hominid family right now
some rational objection or just against your religion?
HOW DID LIFE START ON A BARREN PLANET?????????????????????????
Science is very close to identifying the last few small details. Listen to some of the details-
The Origin of Life: Not as Hard as it Looks? Jack Szosta, Spring 2023 Eyring Lecturer
czcams.com/video/ZLzyco3Q_Rg/video.html
Energy and Matter at the Origin of Life
czcams.com/video/vEZJdK5hhvo/video.html
CZcams won't let me post outside links, so search for these titles if you want to learn about recent research into abiogenesis:
"Abiotic synthesis of high-molecular-weight organics from an inorganic gas mixture of carbon monoxide, ammonia, and water by 3 MeV proteon irradiation."
"Prebiotic protein design supports a halophile origin of foldable proteins"
"Peptide ligation by chemoselective aminonitrile coupling in water"
"A wheel invented three times"
"Origin of life insight: peptides can form without amino acids"
"4-Oxalocrotonate tautomerase, an enzyme composed of 62 amino acid residues per monomer"
"A prebiotic template-directed peptide synthesis based on amyloids"
"The origin of genetic and metabolic systems: Evolutionary structuralinsights"
"Prebiotic Phosphorylation of 2-Thiouridine Provides Either Nucleotides or DNA Building Blocks via Photoreduction"
"Prebiotic Photochemical Coproduction of Purine Ribo- and Deoxyribonucleosides"
"Abiotic synthesis of purine and pyrimidine ribonucleosides in aqueous microdroplets"
"Small protein folds at the root of an ancient metabolic network"
"Enhanced Nonenzymatic RNA Copying with 2-Aminoimidazole Activated Nucleotides"
"Origin of life: Transitioning to DNA genomes in an RNA world"
"Common origins of RNA, protein and lipid precursors in a cyanosulfidic protometabolism"
"Boron-assisted abiotic polypeptide synthesis"
"Mineral Catalysis and Prebiotic Synthesis: Montmorillonite-Catalyzed Formation of RNA"
"Peptide ligation by chemoselective aminonitrile coupling in water"
"Life as a Manifestation of the Second Law of Thermodynamics"
"Self-Organizing Biochemical Cycles"
"Ultrahigh Adhesion Force Between Silica-Binding Peptide SB7 and Glass Substrate Studied by Single-Molecule Force Spectroscopy and Molecular Dynamic Simulation"
"Scientists announce a breakthrough in determining life's origin on Earth-and maybe Mars"
"Study shows short peptides can self-assemble into catalysts"
"In situ observation of peptide bond formation at the water-air interface"
"Chemistry and Photochemistry of Pyruvic Acid at the Air-Water Interface"
"Prebiotic competition and evolution in self-replicating polynucleotides can explain the properties of DNA/RNA in modern living systems"
"Spontaneous Emergence of Self-Replicating Molecules Containing Nucleobases and Amino Acids"
"Potentially Prebiotic Activation Chemistry Compatible with Nonenzymatic RNA Copying"
"Enhanced nonenzymatic RNA copying with in-situ activation of short oligonucleotides"
"Freeze-thaw cycles enable a prebiotically plausible and continuous pathway from nucleotide activation to nonenzymatic RNA copying"
"Conditions for the origin of homochirality in primordial catalytic reaction networks"
"Carbonic anhydrase is an ancient enzyme widespread in prokaryotes"
"Carbonic anhydrase, purification and nature of the enzyme."
"Carbonic anhydrase. Its preparation and properties."
"Scientists Discover a Self-Replicating Protein Structure, And It Could Have Built The First Life on Earth"
"The Origins of the RNA World"
"Serum Albumin: A Multifaced Enzyme"
"Scientists identify substance that may have sparked life on Earth"
"Maths unlocks molecular interactions that open window to how life evolved"
"Ancient proteins offer new clues about origin of life on Earth"
"Where did the first sugars come from?"
"Synthetic enzymes hint at life without DNA or RNA"
"Life’s First Molecule Was Protein, Not RNA, New Model Suggests"
"Self-replicating micelles: aqueous micelles and enzymatically driven reactions in reverse micelles"
"Evolutionary repurposing of a promiscuous enzyme"
"A left-hand β-helix revealed by the crystal structure of a carbonic anhydrase from the archaeon Methanosarcina thermophila."
"The catalysis of the hydration of carbon dioxide and the dehydration of carbonic acid by an enzyme isolated from red blood cells."
"X-ray structure of β-carbonic anhydrase from the red alga, Porphyridium purpureum, reveals a novel catalytic site for CO2 hydration."
"The active site architecture of Pisum sativumβ-carbonic anhydrase is a mirror image of that of α-carbonic anhydrases."
"Functional diversity, conservation, and convergence in the evolution of the α-, β-, and γ-carbonic anhydrase gene families."
"Prokaryotic carbonic anhydrases"
"Dissipative Photochemical Abiogenesis of the Purines"
"The carbonic anhydrases: widening perspectives on their evolution, expression and function."
"The structure and function of carbonic anhydrase isozymes in the respiratory system of vertebrates."
"Inhibition and catalysis of carbonic anhydrase. Recent crystallographic analyses."
"Polypeptide Chain Growth Mechanisms and Secondary Structure Formation in Glycene Gas-Phase Deposition on Silica Surfaces"
"The peptide-catalyzed stereospecific synthesis of tetroses: A possible model for prebiotic molecular evolution"
"Evolution of Amino Acid Frequencies In Protiens Over Deep Time: Inferred Order of Introduction of Amino Acids into The Genetic Code"
"Straightforward Creation of Possibly Prebiotic Complex Mixtures of Thiol-Rich Peptides"
"Reactivity landscape of pyruvate under simulated hydrothermal vent conditions"
"Synthesis and Characterization of Amino Acid Decyl Esters as Early Membranes for the Origins of Life"
"What Is Life: Various Definitions Towards The Contemporary Astrobiology"
"Formation of Amino Acids and Carboxylic Acids in Weakly Reducing Planetary Atmospheres by Solar Energetic Particles from the Young Sun"
"Aqueous microdroplets enable abiotic synthesis and chain extension of unique peptide isomers from free amino acids"
"The Dissipative Photochemical Origin of Life: UVC Abiogenesis of Adenine"
"In situ formation of a biomimetic lipid membrane triggered by an aggregation-enhanced photoligation chemistry"
"Simple Ion-Gas Mixtures as a Source of Key Molecules Relevant to Prebiotic Chemistry"
"Undefining life's biochemistry: implications for abiogenesis"
"Potassium at the Origins of Life: Did Biology Emerge from Biotite in Micaceous Clay?"
"Did Homocysteine Take Part in the Start of the Synthesis of Peptides on the Early Earth?"
"The Coevolution of Biomolecules and Prebiotic Information Systems in the Origin of Life: A Visualization Model for Assembling the First Gene"
"Dissipative Photochemical Abiogenesis of the Purines"
"Abiogenesis through gradual evolution of autocatalysis into template-based replication"
"Carbonyl Sulfide-Mediated Prebiotic Formation of Peptides"
"Catalysis in Prebiotic Chemistry: Application to the Synthesis of RNA Oligomers"
"Homochiral Selection in the Montmorillonite-Catalysed and Uncatalysed Prebiotic Synthesis of RNA"
"Spontaneous formation and base pairing of plausible prebiotic nucleotides in water"
"Clays and the Origin of Life - The Experiments"
"DNA and lipid bilayers: self-assembly and insertion"
"Early evolution of efficient enzymes and genome organization"
"Origins and Molecular Evolution of the Carbonic Anhydrase Isozymes"
"The Evolutionary History of Daphniid α-Carbonic Anhydrase within Animalia"
"Hyperstability and Substrate Promiscuity in Laboratory Ewsurrections of Precambrian β-Lactamases"
Evidence for this European origin hypothesis is scant.
Dear Sir.
David R Begun.
I have noticed your pronunciation of Graecopithecus. It is Latin, and should not be pronounced grey but the letter I. Gri co pith e cus.
Why does Evolution T shirt man ask a question about climate change that was already covered? Was he asleep?
Why only primates evolve to talk, build with tools, make music, and not roach, crocodiles, whales, lionsall these others animals. They been same way for millions of years