The Powerful City that Built The Largest Temple in the World
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- čas přidán 2. 06. 2024
- Ephesus was one of the most important cities in the ancient Greek and Roman world.
It was even older than Rome itself, founded around 950 BC.
Very early on in the Archaic Age, it became home to the most important sanctuary of the cult of Artemis, and for the rest of ancient pagan history, was the prime location for her worship in the Greek speaking world.
The Ephesians built a massive temple to her, which was rebuilt twice more, with the 3rd temple making the list of the 7 wonders of the ancient world.
This gave Ephesus a prestige that only a handful of other cities enjoyed for their own reasons, such as Olympia for the Olympic Games, Athens for the Parthenon, and Delphi for its infamous oracle at the Temple of Apollo, who was the brother of Artemis.
Ephesus continued to be an important Greek city through the Classical Age, even though it was under the Persians, as well as during the Hellenistic Age.
Not only was the temple rebuilt twice, but the city was rebuilt in a completely separate location 2 km away during the Hellenistic Age, due to reasons I explain in the video. So the city overall experienced a lot of change and evolution over the 800 years that it existed before its absorption into the Roman Empire.
But the story is not over yet. It continued to be a very important city during Roman times, and according to some, the second most important city in the empire after Rome.
This video covers the key historical moments of the city until that point, when the Romans came in and completely transformed it yet again, into an imperial scale city.
Written, Edited and Narrated by Jordan Amit
jordanamit.com
Footage by:
Anil Elci
, Tolshin Video,
Black Box Guild
Reconstructions by:
Balage Balogh with Archaeology Illustrated:
archaeologyillustrated.com
Other Reconstructions by:
Vladimir Chertoriiskii
Ádám Németh
Ilayda Karabulut
'PenNPaper'
Link to Public Domain image credits: bit.ly/3QnPlhY
#history #historydocumentary #greekmythology #greekhistory #archaeology #archeology #archaeologicalwonders #archaeologicaldiscoveries #temple #ancienthistory #ancientreligion #ancienttemples #turkey #turkeytravel #ephesus #ephesusturkey #türkiye #artemis #turkishhistory #templeofartemis #7wondersofworld #7wondersoftheworld #historychannel #historylovers #ancientgreek #ancientgreekgods #ancientarchitecture #ancientarchitects #ancientcivilizations #ancient #ancientwarfare
Better than National Geographic and the History Channel combined.
Excellent work gentleman and all involved.
Thank you.
The Best compliment 😁Thank you. I'm a one man show. I sourced some of the reconstructions from talented artists. Keep an eye out for Roman Ephesus. Should come out within a week.
Your scale comparison of the temple to the Parthenon is brilliant. I've visited both sites but didn't realise just how much bigger it was. Thank you so much for this excellent video. I've subscribed and look forward to watching your next.
Amazing. Thank you. That's really cool that you've been to the site of the Temple of Artemis. Considering the width is as long as the length of the Parthenon, I asked myself if the Ephesians who built the 3rd generation of it did it on purpose to show off. By then the Parthenon already existed. Thanks for subscribing.
I found your videos last night and already replayed them 3 times and will continue to watch them again and again with my family and friends. I'm Turkish and visited Ephesus, Priene, Miletos, Didyma and some other Ionian cities. It's an incredible feeling that we can stand where ancient Greeks stood, look at the same sky and imagine their bustling cities and lives. In space-time continuum, we stand in the right space but wrong time. Visiting their sites and learning about their culture is and always will be an amazing experience. Last summer, I went to Priene and stood on the edge of the city in the mountain. Look down and tried to imagine the Mediterranean see that was once there. It is crazy to look at all those green farms wnd imagine it was once filled with water. Thank you so much for making these amazing videos.
And thank you for your amazing comment. I have been to Miletus and it was one of my favourite sites in Turkey. I had the whole place to myself. I haven't been to Priene, but I have a feeling that place is also really special. And in fact, only recently I looked at google maps and studied the valley that was once a bay. I would actually really love to do a video on both Miletus and Priene and how they were across a bay, but have to think how to do it differently than my last Ephesus video. Thanks so much for subscribing. Although I hope my next video doesn't upset you. I will talk about the explosion that destroyed the Parthenon, and put the blame on the Venetians and Ottomans. I try to make my videos factual, without taking sides.
Ephesos is a greek city, and always have been greek speaking only. During roman era it was self supporting by its greek inhabitants, who built everything.
Yes of course, its Greek identity is undisputed, but some monuments would have been built by Latin speaking emperors, or the Latin speaking elite, such as the library of Celsus. I'm assuming he was a Latin speaking Roman. It was all mixed during Roman times.
@@Street-Gems celsus was a greek speaking rich person from ephesos. It was sign of inferiority , not to speak greek in rhe east part of the Roman Empire. Even in rome, the elite of society were speaking or writing in greek as a status symbol of themselves.
@@issith7340 Yes you're right he was a Greek. I was misled because he has a Latin name, Tiberius Julius Celsus Polemaeanus, and because he was a consul. But yes his family comes from Ephesus or Sardis. Either way, he was a Romanized Greek and he would have spoken both Greek and Latin, as the governor of Asia he had to.
The Eastern Romans were Greek and they continued to be Greek after the fall of Rome, and continued calling themselves Romans as they held onto the Eastern part of the Empire until 29 May 1453 with the Fall of Constantinople.
The last of that ancient Roman population was ethnically cleansed from their native land in 1923 when the Turkish state was born during the turmoil of the First World War.
There are still Greeks refering to themselves as Romans even to this day.
@@JacquesMare The Greeks expelled from Turkey in 1923 were certainly the descendants of the ancient Greeks in Anatolia, but to call them the last Roman population is a bit of a stretch I think. The labels start to get blurry. But no doubt they were ethnically and linguistically Greek.
Truly a pleasure to watch. My family learned some facts of the area we will be visiting. Very useful and absolutely the best visual and auditory presentation available on CZcams.
Thanks for uploading!
I hope you get to visit Ephesus!
Man, your reading and speaking is so easy to listen to! Keep up the good work!
Thank you! Good feedback.
Your information, along with the stunning videography, are so enjoyable! Thank you for these informative lessons!
Thanks for watching! Part 2 will come out soon.
I'm really glad there are people like you who enjoy learning about history.
Your videos are great, imo among the best on topics like these. keep it up!
Thank you so much! I hope this one does better than the last one.
Great job; the research and graphics are exemplary.
Thanks :)
So well done. Thank you for the effort and time. Visuals are stunning.
Thank you again
Thanks for telling me.
Yes🎉… wonderful stuff… keep them coming😊
Learning so much from your beautiful videos. Intrigues a want to continue discovering our cultural origins. Would have been wonderful having these videos when taught about the period in school. Hope the new generations are gifted with the way you provide the information. Keep them coming !
Thank you. So glad that they are enjoyable to watch.
Amazing storytelling, and i can't wait for the roman part!
Thank you! I'm hustling on the Roman part so I can get it out as soon as possible.
How did you create (or get) the graphics of the ancient buildings/cities in this video? Very Impressive!
Which ones haha? There were so many. I sourced them from talented artists who made them before this video was created, and one was custom made.
@@Street-Gems Awesome !
Your content is amazing, keep going!
Thank you so much.
Superb historical account of Ephesus, thank you so much! Needless to say, I have subscribed to your channel 🙂
Thanks for subscribing Gerhard. Where are you from?
You voice is very relaxing to listen to these history videos, it matches well
Thanks! I really appreciate it. Btw I subscribed to your channel. You make beautiful music.
Great video series! So many precious information. I wish I had watched these videos before I visited Ephesus.
Thank you. Now you need to go back to Ephesus.
Wonderful! So interesting to watch.
Thanks!
The Temple of Ephesus is very impressive in size and structure. To be able to live at that time must have been an exhilarating experience. The Greeks were impressive on so many levels and sometimes dream of these ancient structures being better preserved.
The fact that they weren't is a sad commentary on humanity that preservation of such impressive structures was not held in the highest regard. After all look at our present society. There countless buildings in North America alone that fell into decay in just the last couple hundred years.
I agree. I only wish these magnificent monuments were preserved for us to enjoy. In the case of the Temple of Artemis, as far as I know, it was intentionally dismantled, each stone take out one by one, and reused as building material for later buildings. I will make another video on that. People then didn't have the same high regard that we do for cultural heritage. Please subscribe to my channel. I love enthusiastic viewers like yourself. I am releasing a full video on Roman Ephesus in early December, then working on a 3rd Christian Ephesus video, and finally one that talks about its demise.
Great Video, very informative and nice use of visuals. Also well narrated. Big thumbs up.
Thanks! 😄
Great video, informative and entertaining.
Thanks! Stay tuned for the Roman part.
Awesome !
Wonderful graphics!
Glad you liked it.
Beautiful documentary. ❤
Thank you! I have another beautiful one on Ephesus coming this week so keep an eye out.
@@Street-Gems I will !
the sadness of eternity .... good videos
Thanks!
Thank you Sean
Great video! Subbed! Never heard of this city, and the history and ruins look fascinating! Putting it on a list of places to see. Thank you for making this great video! The production values are great and it's very well presented and laid out.
Thank you so much. I really appreciate this comment. Part 2 is coming soon. All about Roman Ephesus. Definitely to put on your list of places to go!
I am from Ephesus. Greetings :)
From Selcuk?
Great presentation with comparative points and the timeline.
Thanks! Yeah the timeline switching historical periods ended up being a good storytelling tool. I made it from scratch and will re-use this kind of method as it helps visualize where you are, even if you don't pay attention to the exact date range.
Even these ruins look better than all modern buildings. Shame on the architects of today.
Agree. We lost "it"
Also boost the damage of your ranged units
The size of the temple! I guess hat's why we still say "What the Eph!"
LOL. Yup for Ephesus
🤘🤘🤯👏
❤
Make Video about the City of Jerash and scythopolis along with Gaddara.
Oh funny that you say that. Jerash is on my list. I have two more on Ephesus coming this month, then possibly Jerash up next. Watch my video on Caesarea if you haven't already.
@@Street-Gems Oh I can't wait, I watched most of your videos. The decapolis cities get neglected in roman studies and tourism although they are more preserved than many cities even within italy.
@@starcapture3040 Yes true, except Pompeii and Herculaneum for Italy. I agree that Turkey and the Middle East have better ruins than in Europe. Maybe because Europe experienced more urbanization during later centuries, so they built on top of the old ruins. But also because the cities of the East were just larger and more established, not to mention richer. But I know you know this 😄
@@Street-Gems and add to it the dry climate in summer it kept the ruins more intact and what is more beautiful that all of roman cities were built upon already established cities some of them go back to the stone age which give them far longer timeline to explore. I just wish Iraq was more stable for tourism since oldest stuff exist there. it will be great seeing you doing Uruk or babylon.
@@starcapture3040 Oh good point about the dry climate. The cities of Mesopotamia would be harder for me to do because I know a lot less about them. But maybe one day. All your requests will be taken to heart, and one, Jerash, will be fulfilled soon 😄Scythopolis has also been on my radar. Too many ideas and not enough time.
Where do you learn this history? Would love to learn more
It's a mix of knowledge I already have, and sources I read for the purpose of these videos. My degree is in ancient history, and I've always loved it. Check out my other videos. I focus mostly on the ancient world.
I get it makes sense to re-use old structures but how is literally nothing except a few small chunks left? Everything up to even the entire base of the temple is gone. It’s crazy. Also makes you wonder where those parts were used then later on and how even
That is an excellent observation, and I will address all that in the 4th part of this Ephesus series. This was only the 1st part. Much of the temple was used for a structure nearby, and a lot of the marble was ground down to make lime. And I believe there was an extra ideological incentive to make it disappear from history. They were successful at it. But follow my channel, I will release more episodes that follow the story arc of Ephesus.
2:53 Durağan/Sinop/Türkiye
Where is the location of the temple at 3.30?
That's Segesta, in western Sicily.
Was it really the biggest? How about the massive temple at Luxor in Egypt or the Roman temple at Baalbek in Lebanon?
Maybe check Artemis temple size with Jupiter Maximus temple in Rome.😅
I actually did when I was researching this video. It came to my mind that Jupiter's in Rome was bigger, but it wasn't. At least from the dimensions that I found about it. Artemis still wins.
Ephesus is also a Greek aca Hellenic word not a Roman....
Yes they would have called it Ephesos. Although I read that the Hittites, people indigenous to Anatolia, referred to a place called Apasa, being the capital of the kingdom of Arzawa. Some suggest it's the same place, so the name Ephesos/Ephesus might have an Anatolian root (Apasa).
Yes I know. It would have been pronounced Ephesos in Greek if I'm not mistaken. Although the root might be Anatolian not Greek, from Apasa, which was a bronze age city in Anatolia believed to be the same place as Ephesus.
@@IliasTsatsis-mc9ig Well because in Anatolia, the Hittites were there before the Greeks. Again, it's not certain that Apasa was the same location as Ephesus, this is what historians postulate, but if that's the case, then it means there was a small Hittite settlement there before the Greeks founded Ephesus in the 10th century BC. It's possible there was some kind of Bronze Age settlement in that location before the Ionian Greeks arrived in the Iron Age. But I don't know if anyone knows for certain so we're arguing about things that nobody really knows.
So, Shaul (paulos) writes a famous letter to the Ephesians and look, the city and people don't even exist anymore. So much for saving them??
That's funny. I will actually talk about Paul in a future video, and the reasons Ephesus died as a city. Lots more to come.
Semi truck weight is 12-13 000 lb what is 5-6 t. Little corection. Same mistake as the best truck gps (Garmin), making all the time.
Ah talking about largest temple, it reminds me the Hinduism temple Angkor Wat of Khmer empire in Cambodia.
Technically cult is not negative, even today
Yeah I guess not in all instances, but for many people today it could conjure up negative imagery. What are some situations where you think it could be totally neutral today?
_"It's not proper for one god to build a temple to another god"_ (hush hush, we can't let him build it , it'll indept us to him, we'll have to wait till he's gone) _"Wait for it... wait for it... wait for it..."_ (323 BC) 11:42 _"Now! Alexander is dead, begin construction, go go go!"_
Lol that was funny. Yup that's probably what they were thinking in a nutshell. And they overdid themselves too, without anyone's help as far as I know. Kind of incredible for a single city state.
@@Street-Gems Yes, that's perhaps the most impressive: They did it alone. I wonder why the Romans never tried to over-do them, as far as temples goes? Maybe because awe? Or not to risk the wrath of Diana? Or maybe they just never felt that any of the gods truly deserved it to that amount? The Romans were quite pragmatic. They tended to make offerings to their gods only _after_ the god in question had proven itself worthy of it.
@@larsrons7937 Yeah I asked myself that same question. How come they never overdid them. I checked the dimensions of the temple to Jupiter in Rome, and the height of the Pantheon, and nope, Artemis wins every time.
It’s not pronounced Le-toon, it’s Le-to-on (leh-toe-on). There should be a diaresis over the second O, indicating it’s voiced separately, as in the famous Loacoon. I don’t have think mark on my iPad keyboard or I would show it.
Letoön
(on ipad keep finger down on the o key to show options)
Please keep pointing out how much has been stolen by the British and remains indefinitely in London. ❤
As a Brit, it makes me sick, there is zero justification for holding other peoples treasures!
Oh, you just wait for my next video. I talk exactly about that. But it'll come out in July. Please keep following my channel as I can tell you appreciate history.
The Oracle Of Delphi to Netan’yahuu
“If you attack Gaza, you will destroy a Fascist Terror State”
Filled with hubris he walked into Nemeses’ trap 😂
The Largest Temple was Baalbek not ephesus
The Greek language is a masterpiece (read the Illiad and the Odyssey), and the Phoenician language is not so perfect, So, you are telling me that the perfect copied the imperfect. It doesn't make sense.
Thank you for well-researched information. Narration, however, often detracts from the enchanting facts by rapid-fire, stacatto,, reading of a text bereft of feeling and drama. Please employ a new well-trained reader.
Thanks for the feedback. There is no other narrator to be employed and I wouldn't any other person representing me, as it's my own channel and passion project, but I will take your input into consideration and try to add more emotion in the next ones.
Fake his history brought to by his-story
What are you even referring to?
@@wavdv1999za all of history is a lie
Not the Roman empire, a Hellenic city... Its clearly Hellenic architecture.
The architecture today is Roman, but in my video I talk all about the Greek history of the city. In the next one I will talk more about the Roman history and architecture.
Did you even watch the video?
Greek city not Roman! 🇬🇷🇬🇷🇬🇷
I said it was a Greek city. you didn't watch enough of the video.
In 1:13 you said: "Everything you see there today is Roman". After that sentence I stopped watching! That phrase you used was EXTREMELY misleading!
@@GrecoByzantine1821 That's because it's true, mostly. The original Greek city was not even in the same location. And the Romans heavily built Ephesus when they started to control it. The modern site has mostly monuments from the Imperial era.
@@Street-Gems That's not true! Not everything built by the Romans and even if that happened it doesn't change the facts that Ephesus was a Greek city conquered by the Romans, with mainly ethnically Greek citizens, who all spoke the Greek language and embraced the Greek Pantheon and not the Roman, and who preserved all over the city the Greek culture with the infusion with Roman elements! So the City was a GREEK city!!!
It's like you claim that Constantinople was a Turkish city because the Ottoman built mosques over the churches there! Or Athens was a Roman City because Romans indeed built many temples and theatres there! As about the Slightly change in the geographical location of Ephesus plays MINOR role in the definition of its origin! Every city change shapes, enlarge its suburbs, or slightly change location through the years!!!!
Examples:
1)Temple of Artemis was not built by the Romans, it pre-existed before their arrival!
2)Celsus was of Greek descent not Italic Roman, he built his library obviously with the help of local Greek architectures,
3)The construction of Ephesus Theatre began in Hellenistic times. In Roman times, during the reign of Emperor Claudius (41-54 AD), the theater was just been enlarged.
Etc
Stop your proturkish propaganda
All the educated people and academics know the truth anyways! You can only deceive few uneducated people and that's all.
So conclusively: YOU CAN'T GENERALISE AND SAYING THAT IT WAS A ROMAN CITY BECAUSE THAT MEANS IT WASN'T GREEK! IT HAS TO BE ONE OR THE OTHER! So it would be more appropriate to say clearly that Ephesus was a Greek city in which the Romans invest a lot and contributed a lot by constructing a lot of magnificent buildings!
The reasoning behind labelling Ephesus as a Roman City is really hilarious mate! You are very amateur in your efforts!
Probably you believe that you ll get move views by labelling the city as Roman, cause most of your viewers are obviously westerners sympathisers of the western form of Roman Empire but it's unethical to try to "use" terms in order to get views by somehow falsifying history for your personal benefit!
@@GrecoByzantine1821 This whole video was about the Greek history of Ephesus. But you quit too early.
ELLAS under every stone written in large letters a thousand years ago, and thousands of years after the unworthy Turks...
Is it music what you play ?
Instead to play Ancient Greek music or at least some Greek music in this theme you play this muslim which is okay in other cases… here sounds stupid and irrelevant.
Why do you say "cenner" instead of "center", with a T. Lazy? Or just a sloppy speaker?
Bet you’re fun at parties
The Anatolians were not really Greek by genetics..look it up
Yet another desolation caused by idolatry.
Could you clarify?
@StreetGemsTravels all of the idolatrous cities are still desolate, except for Jerusalem of course.
@@EricDavidHall Meaning that they were punished for being idolatrous?
@@Street-Gems yes, a jealous shithead god leaving His mark.
gloria al mediterraneo
Also boost the damage of your ranged units