I'm from Adelaide and it's based on the O-bahn in Germany. It came into service in 1986 and has been a massive success and removed a lot of bus services of the main road which makes the run into and out of the city quicker. It's also close to having an extension completed that runs under the parklands leading into and out of the city.
Our system in Adelaide was based on the German O-Bahn, from memory the same German engineers came to Adelaide and gave technical support during testing of the system. This is my home town.
German Engineering is Top notch.....EU German Socialist Government ...not so much....Maybe you can invent a Machine that can Deport Muslims ? Oh, you already did....Panzers, Stukas,Tigers , Lugers, etc.
Hey, it's the current year. This transport may have been made mechanically as a bus, but if it feels like a train, who are we to we to stop it from expressing itself? #TransTransport
We have had these in Leeds, England for years, both single and double deckers. Designed to get through dense commuter traffic, uses railway signalling on the guided sections, ordinary controls elsewhere. Only difference from an ordinary bus is the control wheels and steering rack.
Didn't you know that Australia is 10 years behind the times. When I and my family emigrated here in 1966 from the UK, Sydney didn't have a sewerage system. Everyone had to shit into a can out the back and a shit collector would come around during the night and collect it, a bit like garbage collection. Of course the Government of the day didn't tell us 10 pound Poms about this when they advertised migration to the SUNNY LUCKY COUNTRY DOWN UNDER. Ive often said that we should be suing the government for misleading advertising. BTW you should have seen the trains and buses at the time...pathetic heaps of trash they were.
The great thing about something like this is that you can get it built fast, and as ridership grows, can be electrified, then as ridership grows more convert it to LRT, grades permitting. With a guided bus, compared to conventional busways, there is a much narrower right of way needed, much less rain runoff to be piped away, less risk of head on collision, easier to exclude unauthorized vehicles, higher running speeds, much less concrete ( a huge greenhouse gas emitter), - many other advantages. The NYC Mayoral administration of Rudolph Giuliani was seriously considering this in the 1990s for use on the old Rockaway LIRR line (future Queensway rail trail) for JFK service, before Airtrain was funded.
This route only has one very short tunnel... Just to go under a road. Actually, I think they added another one or extended it, but either way, it's only a simple tunnel with no need for ventilation.
A simple but amazing idea. No more traffic problems, less waiting time. California should consider this type of public transportation to solve it's own traffic problems.
In French it’s called an accordion bus lol. Also in Luxembourg one line, I think the one to the airport, has a bendy bus with 2 bendy parts, so 3 compartments. It’s pretty long.
All the driver does is drive the bus normally around the suburbs picking up and dropping off passegers. There are wide 'guide rail schutes' at each interchange and the driver guides the bus on to the busway and then just floors it. The little guide wheels move the front axle steering the bus around the bends and the back of the bus follows along. At braking points before each interchange(stop) there are ripple strips that make a sound when the bus rolls over them reminding the driver to use the brakes on the bus. When it first opened the drivers would raise their hands off the wheel to allow tourists to take a "What the..?" photo. I think the Health & safety nazis require hands to be on the wheel at all times now :(
They used to let the bus just steer itself, however at some point it was changed so the driver had to guide the bus along to some extent. The buses used to bounce back and forward on the track, sometimes quite violently and people would fall over now and then.
Some drivers will try and hold the bus against one side of the guide rail to stop the bus hunting from side to side, specially on straight sections, some buses are worse than others, I think it's more to do with how well repaired the bus is rather than any problem with the system.
As an ex-Adelaide Metro Driver. Once on the track, they use to take their hands off the steering wheel and let the guide wheels take over and some drivers still do that. Some do their paperwork or sort things out. Some just rest their hands just on top. Because there are so many services on that track, they keep their hands on the wheel just in case they get too close to a bus in front of them, there is a distance rule and if you break it, you are in serious trouble or in case they need to stop in a hurry. Also, due to the parts of the track needing repairs and the State Government doesnt have money to do that but can build a New Hospital and other things. The drivers are more cautious. I know one drive at night use to put his bus kit on the accelerator and clean his bus etc until he got caught one night.
Adelaide missed a great opportunity to make an o-bahn to the south west of the city several years back, opting instead to upgrade the tram track from Adelaide to Glenelg. An o-bahn would have been so much better and would have served more people.
It really wouldnt, while the obahn is great it is very cumbersome and is unable to operate in dense urban environments such as the cbd or around the glenelg tram corridor. And for it to enjoy its grade separated freedoms itd have to be elevated, this would create significant issues. There also stand the fact that theres no enough space for the turning on and off points for the obahn due to how the glenelg tram line works. Itd also serve less people, itd have less stations than the tram line would significantly impact its catchment area, an area mind you that is filling up with high density developments. Theres simply not enough space or practical benefits to a southern obahn.
Have they ever considered putting overhead wires for the O-bahn? Would make some sense considering there are mixture of battery powered buses with overhead charging as an available technology these days.
It's Australia mate - almost 2/3 of their electricity grid is from coal & natural gas. Running a diesel bus in that sense is not going to yield any benefits until this fact changes.
@@Trades46 IMO even if they are 100% powered by coal, they are still going to be more efficient and less polluting than individual buses carrying diesel engines. Plus these buses will be lighter since it doesn't carry a mini powerplant plus the source power generation can be swapped to anything without having to change the fleet of buses.
MIZU_LP Autobahn ist ein internationaler Begriff. Weil die Autobahn so speziell und einzigartig ist (Fahren ohne Geschwindigkeitsbegrenzung), wird der Begriff international verwendet. Heißt dann meistens German Autobahn ^^
Kota2 besar di indo terutama di Jawa hampir sepenuhnya mustahil, lahannya terbatas...kalau di Australia atau negara2 barat ada master plan tata kota, banyak ruang terbuka hijau....yg lahan sedikit dimanfaatkan utk transportasi masal.
These trains could use that roadway provided they get electricity and they are at the same dimensions, it's called a rubber-tyred metro. Paris, 1951: czcams.com/video/zAw5szN86pg/video.html Montréal, 2018: czcams.com/video/APWPlfoNYb4/video.html
@@paname514 Rubber tyred trains or metros in Paris, Montreal, Mexico city and others have better acceleration, deceleration, braking and steeper grade climbing capabilities over their steel wheeled counterparts (see link below). Both rubber tyred or steel wheeled metros get usually get electricity from the third rail and sometimes overhead wires. Rubber tyred trains require a concrete guideway and a steel railway together, making construction more expensive than conventional steel railway. If the trains rubber tyre fails, then the train uses the backup steel wheels and continues moving on the steel railway. However, rubber tyred trains have issues with excessive rubber tyre wear under heavy use, erosion of the concrete guideway and rubber noise at speeds of 65 km/h or more. Another downside with rubber tyred trains is that maintenance are substantially more expensive than steel wheeled trains as rubber tyred trains have lots of complex moving parts with rubber and steel wheels. Rubber tyres only last for 80,000 km or less while a steel wheel can last for 1,000,000 km or more. That's why most suburban trains or metro systems have trains only on steel wheels on steel rail for simplicity and to lower operating and maintenance costs. 3minutesstop.alstom.com/infographie/iron-wheeled-metros-rubber-tyred-metros-exist/
Fucking most brilliant idea for transportation ive seen. As a ex truck driver the roads in america have gotten so bad that drastic measures need to be taken immediately I cant get in a car without my Heartbeat hitting 140s
Thats totally normally. They can speed up to 100km/h or faster. Nothing can happen thanks the system. Only teh driver has to get his hand sometimes on the wheel.(In essen they drive no handed at that part) Thats an invention from Germany, Essen. They used that System in the early 70´s until now. Only 1 last course is still operated in Essen, all others are closed. And yes, they also used the Subway where electric Trains were operated. Also one extra is, those Busses were also electrified for the Subways =) To bad its not operated anymore. Only that one last short Track on the Highway in Essen.
fliteshare Bus spotting has always been a hobby like plane spotting. You need to respect that all people have their own hobbies. Even you need to respect homosexuals hobbies called penis spotting.
I think this system would be cheaper than building and extra road lane, the track is laid on bearers similar to railway sleepers, on a rock/gravel formation similar to railway ballast. There is little subsoil work needed as the ground loading is much less than a wheeled bus pushing straight on the road surface.
From what I once read about research into these kind of systems it had more to do with people thinking about the amount of travel time that could be taken of your trip if a bus could reach 100 kilometers an hour. Germany had a system like this in a city in 1977 already and it also costed a lot of money to maintain, not only the track itself but also the guidance system on the bus, it turned out to wear out quicker than the designers had hoped it would do. It was hoped to shorten the maximum travel time if they could place the bus on a dedicated system without or as little interference with regular traffic as possible and thereby being able to increase the speed.
Opposite experience with the Adelaide O-Bahn; over the 30 odd years it's been in operation maintenance costs have been minimal and usually way below budgeted amounts. The maximum limit of passenger amounts is approaching light rail, buses can leave the guideway and run on normal streets unlike rail. The construction and implementation in Adelaide was good and the system has performed very well. That said, it's not the answer in all cases. But neither is any system.
I think European readers don't realise Adelaides unique shape and population density. The greater city area is roughly 20 km wide, with the sea on the Western side and a hill range along the Eastern side, to the Southern end we are again limited by a hill range. To the North we have open flat ground, the city overall in length North South is around 80km in length, so very roughly 1600 sq km. We have a population of just over 1 million, I think 1.1 or 1.2 Million, so very low density spread over a huge area. The Obahn works for us because the bus can travel long distances fast through the inner suburbs on the guided track then return to local route runs on street servicing the outer suburbs. Ray
You are missing the point, a guided bus rail doesn't use the road. It CAN run on the road for final drop offs at local bus stops the same as any route bus, but in high traffic areas near the CBD it runs on it's own right of way, the SAME AS A TRAIN.
Very clever! As pointed out in other comments, it needs only a very narrow right of way and with less paving there is less runoff. It can be converted in the future to light rail.
No point converting it to light rail, the maximum passenger limits approach light rail, and can be electrified. So maybe convert to heavy rail in future if passenger demand grows.
@monotonehell,the max passenger per hour limits(18,000PPH) actually exceed that of light rail(12,000PPH max from the original study),the limits can increase to 26,000PPH if operated by large bi-articulate buses.
1:33 when the M44 is acutally on time for once, I didn't actually know that this was the only one in the world. I just travelled on it all the time think it was normal..but meh
I don't see the purpose. All the disadvantages of having to have an infrastructure built, but none of the advantages of a rail-built system working on electricity. They tried this system in Birmingham, England, and soon abandoned it.
You need to see the entire system to understand why it works so well, this is my home town and I ride on it occasionally, the buses are standard suburban route buses with the addition of the guide wheels. They start their route in the outer suburbs over 20 km from the CBD on normal streets running stop to stop as per a normal bus, their route them leads them to one of three 'Interchanges' where they can join the guided busway route which follows a natural river course towards the city. The roughly 17 km long busway trip takes around 10 minutes, by car or standard bus route it's nearly 60 minutes from the same point at the interchanges.
So they created a bus-only road. That could have been used by ordinary buses, or they could put overhead wires up and laid tram tracks. To my mind, these kinds of system are a waste of resources. Put railway tracks down and create a proper rapid transit system.
The O'bahn we have is faster than either our heavy rail or tramway systems by a long way. Our heavy rail has suburban top speeds around 60kmh, but due to the number of stops rarely gets that fast. Our light rail tram system runs on our roads and must stop at normal traffic lights, it rarely gets over 30kmh. The O'bahn makes use of land that was otherwise unused and the concrete 'rails' have quite a low impact on the ground, it's not a solid slab cast track, but concrete track sections resting on piers, plus it travels at up to 100kmh, usual speeds are 80 to 90 kmh. Instead of thinking of it as a road how about ultra light rail?
I'm quite interested in rail systems myself but I see a lot of advantages about this kind of system, the ability to run away from any other traffic is an advantage of both systems of course. This is cheaper to build and maintain, the buses are cheaper then light rail rolling stock, although Cambridge invested in new buses for their system (I don't know about this system) i'd imagination existing buses could be retrofitted to run on busways. With light rail systems the city center has to be dug up to install the tracks and OLE those works just disrupt businesses and shoppers with this the buses can just run on normal roads in the city. Trams can't just drive around failed trams or other obstructions in the city they just get stuck making further obstructions. You can't divert a rail based system during disruption instead you need to lay on extra buses to replace the trams anyway that's if the companies have extra buses and drivers to put in service with this you simply instruct the drivers to take an alternate route.
Yes, but it can get from the north-eastern suburbs to the cbd in 15 minutes. That is several times faster than by car. It's effectively a train line, but with more versatility, in that the "trains" can also go on roads after leaving the end of the line. It's an express route that saves a lot of time. And less buses on main roads means smoother traffic flow. And the buses on this route aren't held up by traffic lights.
Ha! Sure once I tried it, I would still hate it!!! Kidding, hope you know. I love the differences that make the world go round. Thanks for answering a dumb Yank!
All in good fun! If you can't have a joke sometimes life gets very boring. It's amazing the slight differences around the world that cause confusion, my electrical plug here in Australia only fits in Australia and New Zealand, but the voltage and frequency are the same as most of Europe? Your American plug will fit (I think) the European socket which is the wrong voltage and frequency???? It's a crazy world. Ray
A Bus can't be drunk, only the driver can. And there is a place where it can go on rails like on this clip. Also there is a place where trolleybus and train go together.
N. Wren or Chicago!!! Buses are always trying to hit cars; cars are always trying to cut-off buses and hit them! 🙈 buses take forever cause they're always stopping due to traffic.. these freakin buses are just cruising along...it's kind of cool.
the max age limit for adelaide metro buses is 25 years,the original merc O305G buses that operated on the O-bahn lasted for 26 years(from 1986 til 2012),I'd love to know where you can get a rail vehicle that can operate services for 75 years.trams may last longer than diesel buses,but the costs of buying trams and operating them are significantly higher than diesel buses.I dont know where you live,but here in australia and new zealand,buses can last very long(23-30 years)
Alex Woo - In the Isle of Wight they use old (refurbished) London Underground trains, they are currently using trains from 1938. (Exactly how much refurbishment/rebuilding has been done on them I don't know!) en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Island_Line,_Isle_of_Wight#Rolling_stock
Rob Hull Adelaide has a population about ten times as big as the Isle of Wight, so vintage trains would be run down in no time. Apart from that, it will be quite challenging to find any rolling stock of more than 35 years old that can comply with today's comfort and safety demands.
"Craig F. Thompson: Kena The BIG problem there is: buses don`t last anywhere near as long as rail vehicles!! One "tram"/train outlasted a bus by a factor of AT THE VERY LEAST three to one!!!!" And just above the cost was mentioned: 5 Millions for a Tram and 0.5 Millions for a Bus. So the Bus is cheaper! It outlasts 3 to 1? So the Bus cost a total a mere 1.5 Million compared to 5 Million for the train... You can have a lot of more maintenance for 3.5 Million... Even 9 to 1 is still cheaper...
Never see the point in these. Usually tear up an old railway to make one wasting so much public money when the infrastructures already there to run a railway
Its built in an old river bed and the track is elevated above ground because of the poor quality soil. Could never be used with a proper road and used at high speeds.
Yes, a total white elephant, cost millions, overran, cost even more millions, flooded, sued the contractor, more millions, track is now breaking up costing even more millions to put right. The end result is a train journey in 1950 took 36 minutes now takes 1:30 by guided bus. www.cambridge-news.co.uk/news/cambridge-news/cambridgeshire-county-council-sue-guided-13383528
The contractors are being sued again as the section from Cambridge to St. Ives has deteriorated even more. I'm afraid that no matter how much more it costs than if they had reinstated the rail line instead of building the busway over it, the "experts" will still insist that it is better value.
Wanna borrow my glasses? There are side-wheels - just in front of the front wheels. They are about 7 cm in diameter and protrude about 2 cm on each side, so they are a bit hard to see.
Trams would be a backwards step. At the moment buses go around picking up people from suburban stops "vacuuming up passengers" and then the buses drive to the begining of the busway and zip the passengers into the city in 15 minutes. If it was a tram, the people would have to get off the tram at the begining of the tramway and wait for and then get on the tram for the journey into the city. This busway system facilitates pickups closer to customers front doors and delivers them back again on the return journey. much more convenient than a tram system.
The O-Bahn is alot quicker and easier than a tram line + it can carry alot more people then a tram could, plus you'd have to be fairly stupid to catch a tram in from say Tea Tree Plaza, with the trams seats being hard as rocks, it's bad enough just going through the city on one
Are you Australian? Why the bloody hell would the government spend millions on putting in a noisy rail system and having to double the number of buses on the roads when they could just spend a few thousand to maintain the busway? Not to mention that the inclines the buses go through are too steep for trains, or that trains are at minimum 10x more expensive to purchase and run than buses are
@@rparker069, Busways like the Adelaide O'bahn and others are bloody noisy due to their large rubber tyres. The point of a bus is to be flexible and bend around tight turns. If a bus is stuck on a concrete guideway or a dedicated bitumen lane without using the bus's flexiblity, then a steel wheeled train will outclass a rubber tyred bus in every way. Also, electric buses or trolley buses are much better than diesel or oil based buses. However, an electric bus is still a bus just like a diesel bus in terms of small vehicle capacity, rolling resistance and just passable jerky ride quality. Buses with articulated or bi articulated models can never replace trains. For absolute high capacity, stability and best ride quality, go for trains steel wheels on steel rail only. Real trains, not road trains.
@@michaeleverett1479 I take it you live up at Golden Grove. I am in a train area of Adelaide and used to catch the train everyday. While I do like the elegance of rail, waiting 15 minutes for the transfer from local bus to the train at the station is bloody inconvenient (sometimes the train would pull away just as the bus arrives!), as well as walking all the way from Adelaide Central Station to wherever you want to go (this was before the tram lines were extended, even so you still need to walk out of the station and go wait for the tram). I very much think the O-Bahn is a great idea. You can catch it from a convenient bus stop in the CBD, and you end up in Tea Tree Gully (or branching off to wherever you want to go) rather quickly.
Craig F. Thompson Alright. What the fuck does location have to do with your argument!?? You're acting AS IF the whole Europe has the common decency to not drive on the bus way. There's no difference in how bus ways are to be operated in USA. Quit stereotyping.
Over 30’000 people a day use the service (Adelaide has a population of 1.3 million), the interchanges have extremely high frequencies of 2-5 minutes for a bus to arrive.
At what point does the bus think it's a train ???? Only thing I have noticed being a guided bus driver in the UK. Is there not bothered about safety. Running buses so close together on the guide track. There drivers must have a lot of injury time off holding the steering wheel the way they are. Slot of sprained wrist for sure.
You will notice the drivers hands on the wheel he is acting as a buffer of sorts otherwise the bus will bounce too and fro from guide curb to guide curb and give the whole busload motion sickness , hence the nick name "drunk bus"
funny country we don't have train tracks but freaking awesome bus tracks only an architect that eight year olds and smoking the weed can came up with awesome idea
Well they say if a Plane can fly into a building, why can't a bus run onto train tracks or similar tracks. Does anyone get on these busses or do they keep chasing each other all day?
@@timosha21 They can drive hands free, but the bus rattling is pretty significant, so they often hold onto the wheel to make the ride more comfortable. Although it's not uncommon to see them doing crosswords or sudokus while driving still.
If you look closely there are little devices next to the front wheels that run against the sides of the busway. These control the steering and the driver just has to lightly keep hold of the wheel.
I'm from Adelaide and it's based on the O-bahn in Germany. It came into service in 1986 and has been a massive success and removed a lot of bus services of the main road which makes the run into and out of the city quicker. It's also close to having an extension completed that runs under the parklands leading into and out of the city.
Bus + train = brain..?
trus
I have a brain.
Also trus 😉
Big trus
Trus
German know this as O-Bahn. First system carrying public was in 1977 at Internationale Verkehrsausstellung in Hamburg.
Ismo Leppänen In Adelaide too it is called the O'bahn.
Our system in Adelaide was based on the German O-Bahn, from memory the same German engineers came to Adelaide and gave technical support during testing of the system. This is my home town.
If the Germans made it can't be too bad. Savvy those Germans.
German Engineering is Top notch.....EU German Socialist Government ...not so much....Maybe you can invent a Machine that can Deport Muslims ? Oh, you already did....Panzers, Stukas,Tigers , Lugers, etc.
never heard of something like this here in Germany XD
Travelled on this. It's fantastic. Very comfortable and very fast . Needs to use electric buses. Ideal transport system
What is your favorite part of the system?!
@@timosha21 They just said…
Hey, it's the current year. This transport may have been made mechanically as a bus, but if it feels like a train, who are we to we to stop it from expressing itself? #TransTransport
#AllRidesMatter
Codygriffin, ARE YOU SAYING THAT BUS LIVES DONT MATTER!!!!!!?????
Yeah that could Offend them or worse Hurt their Feelings !!!! Please Call Obama !!!! Anyone know Barry's # ?
Cody Griffin yeah, that's actually better. Well played.
You are funny as fuck lol
We have had these in Leeds, England for years, both single and double deckers. Designed to get through dense commuter traffic, uses railway signalling on the guided sections, ordinary controls elsewhere. Only difference from an ordinary bus is the control wheels and steering rack.
Didn't you know that Australia is 10 years behind the times. When I and my family emigrated here in 1966 from the UK, Sydney didn't have a sewerage system. Everyone had to shit into a can out the back and a shit collector would come around during the night and collect it, a bit like garbage collection. Of course the Government of the day didn't tell us 10 pound Poms about this when they advertised migration to the SUNNY LUCKY COUNTRY DOWN UNDER. Ive often said that we should be suing the government for misleading advertising. BTW you should have seen the trains and buses at the time...pathetic heaps of trash they were.
it's a great system, been in action for as long as I can remember and I'm 40 now.
What is your favorite part of the system?!
The great thing about something like this is that you can get it built fast, and as ridership grows, can be electrified, then as ridership grows more convert it to LRT, grades permitting. With a guided bus, compared to conventional busways, there is a much narrower right of way needed, much less rain runoff to be piped away, less risk of head on collision, easier to exclude unauthorized vehicles, higher running speeds, much less concrete ( a huge greenhouse gas emitter), - many other advantages.
The NYC Mayoral administration of Rudolph Giuliani was seriously considering this in the 1990s for use on the old Rockaway LIRR line (future Queensway rail trail) for JFK service, before Airtrain was funded.
only in australia
Google Spurbus, it is a german system but never became really popular.
It's just an extra road reserved for buses.
And your point is what exactly?
greenhouse gases LMFAO
Wow, it’s a giant matchbox set for buses! COOL!!
This system was built decades ago, but they are now expanding it. They recently extended it, building a tunnel under another main road.
This route only has one very short tunnel... Just to go under a road. Actually, I think they added another one or extended it, but either way, it's only a simple tunnel with no need for ventilation.
What a wonderful concept. I could think of most medium size cities (centers) to suburban areas.
A simple but amazing idea. No more traffic problems, less waiting time. California should consider this type of public transportation to solve it's own traffic problems.
What is your favorite part of the system?!
7:17 - Gotta love a bendy bus :)
By adrians comment i feel as though hes from adelaide because i too call it a bendy bus infact adelaidians call it bendy busses
It's called a bendy bus in the UK too.
In French it’s called an accordion bus lol. Also in Luxembourg one line, I think the one to the airport, has a bendy bus with 2 bendy parts, so 3 compartments. It’s pretty long.
@@poemsaone Artic, bendy what name you like!
If you want you can call him Rob or Ben!
Do they need to steer, or does the "track" do that automatically?
All the driver does is drive the bus normally around the suburbs picking up and dropping off passegers. There are wide 'guide rail schutes' at each interchange and the driver guides the bus on to the busway and then just floors it. The little guide wheels move the front axle steering the bus around the bends and the back of the bus follows along. At braking points before each interchange(stop) there are ripple strips that make a sound when the bus rolls over them reminding the driver to use the brakes on the bus. When it first opened the drivers would raise their hands off the wheel to allow tourists to take a "What the..?" photo. I think the Health & safety nazis require hands to be on the wheel at all times now :(
abcd1234 but at 2:29 d driver steers d bus..
They used to let the bus just steer itself, however at some point it was changed so the driver had to guide the bus along to some extent. The buses used to bounce back and forward on the track, sometimes quite violently and people would fall over now and then.
Some drivers will try and hold the bus against one side of the guide rail to stop the bus hunting from side to side, specially on straight sections, some buses are worse than others, I think it's more to do with how well repaired the bus is rather than any problem with the system.
As an ex-Adelaide Metro Driver. Once on the track, they use to take their hands off the steering wheel and let the guide wheels take over and some drivers still do that. Some do their paperwork or sort things out. Some just rest their hands just on top. Because there are so many services on that track, they keep their hands on the wheel just in case they get too close to a bus in front of them, there is a distance rule and if you break it, you are in serious trouble or in case they need to stop in a hurry. Also, due to the parts of the track needing repairs and the State Government doesnt have money to do that but can build a New Hospital and other things. The drivers are more cautious. I know one drive at night use to put his bus kit on the accelerator and clean his bus etc until he got caught one night.
Because it's cheaper to make those tracks than make an entire road just for bus.
Ernest Jay Mass transit bloat at its finest.
Please tell me your being sarcastic.
this is an entire road just for bus...
Zase Electrics , that's the point. If you would allow everybody driving there, those buses would be stuck in traffic jam again.
Cars still try to drive along it even after 30 Years of Operation
Adelaide missed a great opportunity to make an o-bahn to the south west of the city several years back, opting instead to upgrade the tram track from Adelaide to Glenelg. An o-bahn would have been so much better and would have served more people.
It really wouldnt, while the obahn is great it is very cumbersome and is unable to operate in dense urban environments such as the cbd or around the glenelg tram corridor. And for it to enjoy its grade separated freedoms itd have to be elevated, this would create significant issues. There also stand the fact that theres no enough space for the turning on and off points for the obahn due to how the glenelg tram line works. Itd also serve less people, itd have less stations than the tram line would significantly impact its catchment area, an area mind you that is filling up with high density developments. Theres simply not enough space or practical benefits to a southern obahn.
What was the reason in going with trams?
thats called a guided busway . the have them in the uk. exactly like a Buslane
Morgan O Ceallacáin at 3x the cost lol
I’ve only seen a few of these tracks in Adelaide when I’m in the citys
I don't know of too many cities that have bus only expreeways! especially with a large gap in between the where the wheels go!
Oh! My favorite bus system appeared on this channel!! Thank you!!
It is a new system combining Buses and trains, look so cool and efficient. fast. and safe.
Never seen anything like this before. Thanks for posting. Very interesting.
Have they ever considered putting overhead wires for the O-bahn? Would make some sense considering there are mixture of battery powered buses with overhead charging as an available technology these days.
It's Australia mate - almost 2/3 of their electricity grid is from coal & natural gas. Running a diesel bus in that sense is not going to yield any benefits until this fact changes.
@@Trades46 IMO even if they are 100% powered by coal, they are still going to be more efficient and less polluting than individual buses carrying diesel engines. Plus these buses will be lighter since it doesn't carry a mini powerplant plus the source power generation can be swapped to anything without having to change the fleet of buses.
Nice! It's a Northern Pacer bus 😉
Connor Watson Lmao
Inventor of this is a man who really hate trams (streetcars), but everybody love trams, and ask him for the light rail.
Wow! Never seen it before. A bus thinks he's a train on auto bahn! How the bus can speed up to 100kph!
There is very few or if any spots they do 100km/h, pretty sure it's all 90km/h besides going through Klemzig & Paradise Interchanges
bist du deutsch ? du hast da auto bahn geschrieben aber das heisst higway xD
MIZU_LP
Autobahn ist ein internationaler Begriff. Weil die Autobahn so speziell und einzigartig ist (Fahren ohne Geschwindigkeitsbegrenzung), wird der Begriff international verwendet.
Heißt dann meistens German Autobahn ^^
its 90km max
its a bus way he is not drunk u know?
Kalo di Indonesia begini jalur bus'a yakin ga akan kena macet,,ga ada yang nerobos jalur bus lagi,,,,Indonesia like
Kota2 besar di indo terutama di Jawa hampir sepenuhnya mustahil, lahannya terbatas...kalau di Australia atau negara2 barat ada master plan tata kota, banyak ruang terbuka hijau....yg lahan sedikit dimanfaatkan utk transportasi masal.
There is one of these in Cambridgeshire
KayPeaThree 3 yes because I live near it
and it's gonna have to be ripped up again due to poor construction.
KayPeaThree 3 and in dunstable.
The metro in Paris and Montreal is like an O-Bahn due to the use of tires :$
Oli Baillie Better to include rails so that trains and trams can use it too!
Been on this when I took a trip there. It's actually genius. So well done
What was your favorite part of this trip?
The Montreal Metro system is like a mix of U-Bahn & O-Bahn :$
Craig F. Thompson I'm aware of that. O-BAHN is a fiasco when there are no rails for trains and trams included
These trains could use that roadway provided they get electricity and they are at the same dimensions, it's called a rubber-tyred metro.
Paris, 1951: czcams.com/video/zAw5szN86pg/video.html
Montréal, 2018: czcams.com/video/APWPlfoNYb4/video.html
@@paname514 Rubber tyred trains or metros in Paris, Montreal, Mexico city and others have better acceleration, deceleration, braking and steeper grade climbing capabilities over their steel wheeled counterparts (see link below). Both rubber tyred or steel wheeled metros get usually get electricity from the third rail and sometimes overhead wires. Rubber tyred trains require a concrete guideway and a steel railway together, making construction more expensive than conventional steel railway. If the trains rubber tyre fails, then the train uses the backup steel wheels and continues moving on the steel railway.
However, rubber tyred trains have issues with excessive rubber tyre wear under heavy use, erosion of the concrete guideway and rubber noise at speeds of 65 km/h or more. Another downside with rubber tyred trains is that maintenance are substantially more expensive than steel wheeled trains as rubber tyred trains have lots of complex moving parts with rubber and steel wheels. Rubber tyres only last for 80,000 km or less while a steel wheel can last for 1,000,000 km or more. That's why most suburban trains or metro systems have trains only on steel wheels on steel rail for simplicity and to lower operating and maintenance costs.
3minutesstop.alstom.com/infographie/iron-wheeled-metros-rubber-tyred-metros-exist/
Do the drivers have to steer on the busways or do the buses steer themselves with those sidewheels?
They steer themselves but the driver has to keep hands on the wheel for safety reasons.
wow its Awesome Bus run like a train I seen first time this new technologies
It's superb
Go home, bus, you're drunk.
Go home, drunk, you're bus.
you guys can see the zunes down below the driver's seat and the f-door which are for the steeling assistant
Saying a bus is drunk & it thinks it’s a train? Is a insult to a person intelligence, cause it’s a guideway not railway.
The title seemed ridiculous to me, also
Aslo Aso Your English is an insult
Your sense of humour is a joke...
Also Olsa: "oh look at me!! I'm offended by EVERYTHING!!"
Aslo Olsa No shit. You must be awesome at parties
Fucking most brilliant idea for transportation ive seen. As a ex truck driver the roads in america have gotten so bad that drastic measures need to be taken immediately I cant get in a car without my Heartbeat hitting 140s
You'r drunk.. Those roads are actually for busses. We have them here in Cambridge UK too, they're quite cool.
Katie G it actually is very cool the bus can go faster
Katie G any accidents taken place?
Thats totally normally. They can speed up to 100km/h or faster. Nothing can happen thanks the system. Only teh driver has to get his hand sometimes on the wheel.(In essen they drive no handed at that part) Thats an invention from Germany, Essen. They used that System in the early 70´s until now. Only 1 last course is still operated in Essen, all others are closed. And yes, they also used the Subway where electric Trains were operated. Also one extra is, those Busses were also electrified for the Subways =) To bad its not operated anymore. Only that one last short Track on the Highway in Essen.
Anrhoks Gamer Cave In a sinilar system in Nagoya, Japan, driver doesn't need to put their hand onto the wheel in guided part.
Behold there is a new "hobby" ...... bus spotting !
fliteshare Bus spotting has always been a hobby like plane spotting. You need to respect that all people have their own hobbies. Even you need to respect homosexuals hobbies called penis spotting.
Its a very old hobby n theyre all a biiiit weird
"A bus that's running on train tracks!?" -BigEngineer
Is this the only place in Australia with this kind of guided BRT?
Is the guide way cheaper than just paving a dedicated lane of roadway and having the driver steer?
I think this system would be cheaper than building and extra road lane, the track is laid on bearers similar to railway sleepers, on a rock/gravel formation similar to railway ballast. There is little subsoil work needed as the ground loading is much less than a wheeled bus pushing straight on the road surface.
From what I once read about research into these kind of systems it had more to do with people thinking about the amount of travel time that could be taken of your trip if a bus could reach 100 kilometers an hour. Germany had a system like this in a city in 1977 already and it also costed a lot of money to maintain, not only the track itself but also the guidance system on the bus, it turned out to wear out quicker than the designers had hoped it would do. It was hoped to shorten the maximum travel time if they could place the bus on a dedicated system without or as little interference with regular traffic as possible and thereby being able to increase the speed.
Opposite experience with the Adelaide O-Bahn; over the 30 odd years it's been in operation maintenance costs have been minimal and usually way below budgeted amounts. The maximum limit of passenger amounts is approaching light rail, buses can leave the guideway and run on normal streets unlike rail. The construction and implementation in Adelaide was good and the system has performed very well. That said, it's not the answer in all cases. But neither is any system.
I think European readers don't realise Adelaides unique shape and population density. The greater city area is roughly 20 km wide, with the sea on the Western side and a hill range along the Eastern side, to the Southern end we are again limited by a hill range. To the North we have open flat ground, the city overall in length North South is around 80km in length, so very roughly 1600 sq km. We have a population of just over 1 million, I think 1.1 or 1.2 Million, so very low density spread over a huge area. The Obahn works for us because the bus can travel long distances fast through the inner suburbs on the guided track then return to local route runs on street servicing the outer suburbs.
Ray
You are missing the point, a guided bus rail doesn't use the road.
It CAN run on the road for final drop offs at local bus stops the same as any route bus, but in high traffic areas near the CBD it runs on it's own right of way, the SAME AS A TRAIN.
Thanks for getting this footage
Very clever! As pointed out in other comments, it needs only a very narrow right of way and with less paving there is less runoff. It can be converted in the future to light rail.
No point converting it to light rail, the maximum passenger limits approach light rail, and can be electrified. So maybe convert to heavy rail in future if passenger demand grows.
@monotonehell,the max passenger per hour limits(18,000PPH) actually exceed that of light rail(12,000PPH max from the original study),the limits can increase to 26,000PPH if operated by large bi-articulate buses.
Adelaide is such a cool city.
1:33 when the M44 is acutally on time for once, I didn't actually know that this was the only one in the world. I just travelled on it all the time think it was normal..but meh
It's not unique: it's based on a German system, and there are a few others around. I believe that Adelaide's is unusually large, though.
Lol! This is funny! It reminds me of the buses using the 4/6 tram line in Budapest!
I don't see the purpose. All the disadvantages of having to have an infrastructure built, but none of the advantages of a rail-built system working on electricity. They tried this system in Birmingham, England, and soon abandoned it.
You need to see the entire system to understand why it works so well, this is my home town and I ride on it occasionally, the buses are standard suburban route buses with the addition of the guide wheels. They start their route in the outer suburbs over 20 km from the CBD on normal streets running stop to stop as per a normal bus, their route them leads them to one of three 'Interchanges' where they can join the guided busway route which follows a natural river course towards the city. The roughly 17 km long busway trip takes around 10 minutes, by car or standard bus route it's nearly 60 minutes from the same point at the interchanges.
So they created a bus-only road. That could have been used by ordinary buses, or they could put overhead wires up and laid tram tracks. To my mind, these kinds of system are a waste of resources. Put railway tracks down and create a proper rapid transit system.
The O'bahn we have is faster than either our heavy rail or tramway systems by a long way. Our heavy rail has suburban top speeds around 60kmh, but due to the number of stops rarely gets that fast. Our light rail tram system runs on our roads and must stop at normal traffic lights, it rarely gets over 30kmh.
The O'bahn makes use of land that was otherwise unused and the concrete 'rails' have quite a low impact on the ground, it's not a solid slab cast track, but concrete track sections resting on piers, plus it travels at up to 100kmh, usual speeds are 80 to 90 kmh. Instead of thinking of it as a road how about ultra light rail?
For most of it's journey it's running on concrete 'rails' along a natural watercourse, well away from any road.
I'm quite interested in rail systems myself but I see a lot of advantages about this kind of system, the ability to run away from any other traffic is an advantage of both systems of course. This is cheaper to build and maintain, the buses are cheaper then light rail rolling stock, although Cambridge invested in new buses for their system (I don't know about this system) i'd imagination existing buses could be retrofitted to run on busways. With light rail systems the city center has to be dug up to install the tracks and OLE those works just disrupt businesses and shoppers with this the buses can just run on normal roads in the city. Trams can't just drive around failed trams or other obstructions in the city they just get stuck making further obstructions. You can't divert a rail based system during disruption instead you need to lay on extra buses to replace the trams anyway that's if the companies have extra buses and drivers to put in service with this you simply instruct the drivers to take an alternate route.
Why dont you show the bus stops, passengers boarding and alighting?
I was stupid and thought it really is a drunk driver going on an railway wtf..
LOL same
you guys are gullible.
FireGamingHD misleading title. Filing a lawsuit now.
There are loads of these guided busways in England
Craig F. Thompson Well I don't know man. The buses are good enough so why replace it with trains?
Craig F. Thompson True
Isn't 100Kph only 60mph? Wouldn't it be more cost effective just to use existing roads?
Brian Liesberg apparently buses can only go 60 miles an hour with the guided busway...............
Good luck going faster than that in heavy traffic... Which is why this helps so much. They don't have to stop for traffic lights.
of course it'd be cost-effective to not build something, but what's the use of that?
Using the money for something more important probably. Busses have to stop at bus stops to pick up and drop off passengers anyhow.
Yes, but it can get from the north-eastern suburbs to the cbd in 15 minutes. That is several times faster than by car. It's effectively a train line, but with more versatility, in that the "trains" can also go on roads after leaving the end of the line. It's an express route that saves a lot of time. And less buses on main roads means smoother traffic flow. And the buses on this route aren't held up by traffic lights.
I see the buses go the wrong way also! Interesting stuff. Thank you!
No they don't ! The driver still sits at the front of the bus on the RIGHT side ;-)
peace
Ha! Sure once I tried it, I would still hate it!!! Kidding, hope you know. I love the differences that make the world go round. Thanks for answering a dumb Yank!
All in good fun! If you can't have a joke sometimes life gets very boring. It's amazing the slight differences around the world that cause confusion, my electrical plug here in Australia only fits in Australia and New Zealand, but the voltage and frequency are the same as most of Europe? Your American plug will fit (I think) the European socket which is the wrong voltage and frequency???? It's a crazy world.
Ray
My mistake, I thought the two round pin plugs would fit the Euro sockets.
It's in Australia mate. We drive on the left hand side where the steering wheel is on the right. Most countries drive on the right hand side.
I don't think that's train tracks
Really now? I had no idea.
radanju3 are they rails or roads?
roads
Correct you see its not train tracks its a bus way
boi, I was being sarcastic on my first reply.
If it looks stupid but works, it ain't stupid.
Those rails are made for buses
Josh Orfanidis Would be like to see functional product of railbus, a kind of vehicle that can actually run on both road and rail
Wow that's weird why do they need to make rails?
A Bus can't be drunk, only the driver can. And there is a place where it can go on rails like on this clip. Also there is a place where trolleybus and train go together.
Nerve see that befor Drunk Bus Thinks its a Train!! The O-bahn Busway timosha21
I bet it's 1000x better than singaoore's public transportation
If only they could get something like this in NYC.
Ikr?
N. Wren or Chicago!!! Buses are always trying to hit cars; cars are always trying to cut-off buses and hit them! 🙈 buses take forever cause they're always stopping due to traffic.. these freakin buses are just cruising along...it's kind of cool.
They do have something like this, it's called the Center tube of the Lincoln tunnel.
Sweet! I have never seen something so awesome!
Actually really clever, just repurpose the buses instead of buying new trams/trains
No, this was built for buses.
the max age limit for adelaide metro buses is 25 years,the original merc O305G buses that operated on the O-bahn lasted for 26 years(from 1986 til 2012),I'd love to know where you can get a rail vehicle that can operate services for 75 years.trams may last longer than diesel buses,but the costs of buying trams and operating them are significantly higher than diesel buses.I dont know where you live,but here in australia and new zealand,buses can last very long(23-30 years)
Alex Woo - In the Isle of Wight they use old (refurbished) London Underground trains, they are currently using trains from 1938. (Exactly how much refurbishment/rebuilding has been done on them I don't know!) en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Island_Line,_Isle_of_Wight#Rolling_stock
Rob Hull Adelaide has a population about ten times as big as the Isle of Wight, so vintage trains would be run down in no time. Apart from that, it will be quite challenging to find any rolling stock of more than 35 years old that can comply with today's comfort and safety demands.
"Craig F. Thompson:
Kena The BIG problem there is: buses don`t last anywhere near as long as rail vehicles!! One "tram"/train outlasted a bus by a factor of AT THE VERY LEAST three to one!!!!"
And just above the cost was mentioned: 5 Millions for a Tram and 0.5 Millions for a Bus. So the Bus is cheaper!
It outlasts 3 to 1? So the Bus cost a total a mere 1.5 Million compared to 5 Million for the train... You can have a lot of more maintenance for 3.5 Million...
Even 9 to 1 is still cheaper...
Never see the point in these. Usually tear up an old railway to make one wasting so much public money when the infrastructures already there to run a railway
All those comments from people who don't get the joke / funny title make me laugh.
Omg the drivers are very highly trained just look at the distance of the edge of the tracks
There are special wheels that keep the bus on the track and centered
не понимаю в чём преимущество такой системы? обычная дорога с запретом движения автомобилей была бы гораздо дешевле!?
Its built in an old river bed and the track is elevated above ground because of the poor quality soil. Could never be used with a proper road and used at high speeds.
Thank you!
К тому же использование троллейбусов на таких дорогах куда более оправдано
И к тому же постоянное напряжение, чтобы на бордюр не наехать, чуть отвлекся и всё, трындец!
KDeN2010 в самом начале видны ролики, направляющие автобус как поезд или трамвай, так что об этом не парятся
They call this a curb-guided busway. In some cities in Europe, the Trolleybuses can utilize the metro tunnels normally used by a tram.
Обалдеть, чего только в мире не придумают. Думал уже все видел. Но это....
i think that is just a special bus line because there are a lot of busses
and no trains
I think they did something similar in Cambridge (UK)?
Yes, a total white elephant, cost millions, overran, cost even more millions, flooded, sued the contractor, more millions, track is now breaking up costing even more millions to put right. The end result is a train journey in 1950 took 36 minutes now takes 1:30 by guided bus. www.cambridge-news.co.uk/news/cambridge-news/cambridgeshire-county-council-sue-guided-13383528
The contractors are being sued again as the section from Cambridge to St. Ives has deteriorated even more. I'm afraid that no matter how much more it costs than if they had reinstated the rail line instead of building the busway over it, the "experts" will still insist that it is better value.
Are those busses automatically to get turn? Or mannually by a professional driver? I didn't see any side wheels.
Wanna borrow my glasses? There are side-wheels - just in front of the front wheels. They are about 7 cm in diameter and protrude about 2 cm on each side, so they are a bit hard to see.
Ok, I see that. It's like the Kerb guide whell of a guided bus, isn't it?
Yes sir, spot on.
Just build a tramline instead :) or a trolleybus line. Nice video, but the idea is pretty waste of space especially.
Michal Bergseth how about just a normal road fof the buses, but separate from the other traffic. I think that this TRACK system doesn't make any sense
The City of Adelaide is a well spread out city with wide streets, they also have 1 tram line (or as the yanks call them Streetcars)
Trams would be a backwards step. At the moment buses go around picking up people from suburban stops "vacuuming up passengers" and then the buses drive to the begining of the busway and zip the passengers into the city in 15 minutes. If it was a tram, the people would have to get off the tram at the begining of the tramway and wait for and then get on the tram for the journey into the city. This busway system facilitates pickups closer to customers front doors and delivers them back again on the return journey. much more convenient than a tram system.
Bus can go on normal streets and on the bus track, I think its a brilliant idea.
The O-Bahn is alot quicker and easier than a tram line + it can carry alot more people then a tram could, plus you'd have to be fairly stupid to catch a tram in from say Tea Tree Plaza, with the trams seats being hard as rocks, it's bad enough just going through the city on one
What is the benefit of these buses and why the track is necessary if it has tires and steering?
Using the guiding kerbs allows the buses to drive faster more safely.
clickbate
Is this bus track is cheaper in cost than complete road or is there other reason to build bus track instead of road
It’s so cars can’t drive on the dedicated busway, and also so buses can travel much faster than they can on the road
Stupid innovation.
it cuts the trip from 50 minutes to 15 minutes and they're extending it even further because it's so heavily used
Are you Australian? Why the bloody hell would the government spend millions on putting in a noisy rail system and having to double the number of buses on the roads when they could just spend a few thousand to maintain the busway? Not to mention that the inclines the buses go through are too steep for trains, or that trains are at minimum 10x more expensive to purchase and run than buses are
@@rparker069, Busways like the Adelaide O'bahn and others are bloody noisy due to their large rubber tyres. The point of a bus is to be flexible and bend around tight turns. If a bus is stuck on a concrete guideway or a dedicated bitumen lane without using the bus's flexiblity, then a steel wheeled train will outclass a rubber tyred bus in every way.
Also, electric buses or trolley buses are much better than diesel or oil based buses. However, an electric bus is still a bus just like a diesel bus in terms of small vehicle capacity, rolling resistance and just passable jerky ride quality. Buses with articulated or bi articulated models can never replace trains.
For absolute high capacity, stability and best ride quality, go for trains steel wheels on steel rail only. Real trains, not road trains.
@@michaeleverett1479 I take it you live up at Golden Grove. I am in a train area of Adelaide and used to catch the train everyday. While I do like the elegance of rail, waiting 15 minutes for the transfer from local bus to the train at the station is bloody inconvenient (sometimes the train would pull away just as the bus arrives!), as well as walking all the way from Adelaide Central Station to wherever you want to go (this was before the tram lines were extended, even so you still need to walk out of the station and go wait for the tram). I very much think the O-Bahn is a great idea. You can catch it from a convenient bus stop in the CBD, and you end up in Tea Tree Gully (or branching off to wherever you want to go) rather quickly.
I gotta admit that's super cool. If only we had this in the United States.
Craig F. Thompson Alright. What the fuck does location have to do with your argument!?? You're acting AS IF the whole Europe has the common decency to not drive on the bus way. There's no difference in how bus ways are to be operated in USA. Quit stereotyping.
they are not drunk because they are still capable to drive straight
What are actually the frequencies of these buses? Are there lots of people using them?
Over 30’000 people a day use the service (Adelaide has a population of 1.3 million), the interchanges have extremely high frequencies of 2-5 minutes for a bus to arrive.
What is the reason behind to make a road like rail tracks?
At what point does the bus think it's a train ???? Only thing I have noticed being a guided bus driver in the UK. Is there not bothered about safety. Running buses so close together on the guide track.
There drivers must have a lot of injury time off holding the steering wheel the way they are. Slot of sprained wrist for sure.
You will notice the drivers hands on the wheel he is acting as a buffer of sorts otherwise the bus will bounce too and fro from guide curb to guide curb and give the whole busload motion sickness , hence the nick name "drunk bus"
Which are the advantages over 'classic' bus lane?
funny country we don't have train tracks but freaking awesome bus tracks only an architect that eight year olds and smoking the weed can came up with awesome idea
Well they say if a Plane can fly into a building, why can't a bus run onto train tracks or similar tracks. Does anyone get on these busses or do they keep chasing each other all day?
What Adelaide Citaro bus on the track that is so wrong
the switch over point for this is scary, goes off the road underground scared the shit out of me the 1st time has no idea i was on the o-bahn hahaha
Interesting public transport! Great camera work! Ciao, Stefano
I’m movin high baby on the train tracks
that poor bus just wants to be a train =(
TO BAD IT IS A TRAIN XD
There was a test strip in Stockland Green, Birmingham, UK in 1984 and I went on it. They called it the Tracline. Couldn't see the point then either.
Bus was on a Train Track?
Explain me this what if one gets stuck or out of order
does the bus driver have to turn the wheel while on a track turn or do they drive straight and let the track walls guide them?
The bus driver has to hold on to help prevent excessive rattling
@@Adelaide_Transit I thought the driver only uses the gas pedal in this circumstance...
@@timosha21 They can drive hands free, but the bus rattling is pretty significant, so they often hold onto the wheel to make the ride more comfortable. Although it's not uncommon to see them doing crosswords or sudokus while driving still.
What if there's a tire blowout? Or the driver doesn't steer precisely? Just curious.
If you look closely there are little devices next to the front wheels that run against the sides of the busway. These control the steering and the driver just has to lightly keep hold of the wheel.
Thanks ☺
this might be a dumb question but has anyone tried it without those special wheels on the side of the bus. i mean could it be done?
it can but result is not pretty
The bus is living the dream.
This is very cool and I wish the MBTA here in Boston Massachusetts would do
Craig it didn't even come to me about the security and everything else inculding cost .Its just very cool looking
Here in Bristol England we are just finishing something like this. Bristol Metrobus. Supposed to finish building it by the end of the year
It’s a thing where the bus can get around the city
Do you know the difference between Plural, and Singular? Silly me, obviously not