How Does Electroplating Work | Reactions | Chemistry | FuseSchool

How Does Electroplating Work | Reactions | Chemistry | FuseSchool
Learn the basics about electroplating.
The anode is positively charged, and the cathode is negatively charged. They are immersed in a solution called an electrolyte.
The electrolyte and the anode are selected based upon the material that you are electroplating with. So if you want to create a copper plate on the cathode, you would use a copper anode and a copper based electrolyte solution.
When the battery is turned on, the positively charged ions in the electrolyte are attracted to the cathode. Here, they gain electrons which is known as reduction.
When the battery is turned on, the negatively charged ions in the electrolyte solution are attracted to the anode. The atoms within the anode, so the copper atoms in copper plating, lose electrons which is known as oxidation. These copper atoms are now positively charged and dissolve into the electrolyte solution. Once in the electrolyte solution, because they are now positively charged they are attracted over to the negative cathode. Hence electroplating the cathode.
The electrons flow from the anode to the cathode.
Half equations occur at each anode, with oxidation at the anode and reduction at the cathode.
Just remember, oxidation is loss of electrons and reduction is gain.
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Getting a job in Cr plating. Great review of chemistry.

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Remember a keyword OILRIG
Oxidation
Is
Loss of electrons
Reduction
Is
Gain of electrons

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[@larissalynmarr4502]

Thank you but I think there is a little mistake in the conclusion part. The graphics show that Cu2+ ions at the anode lose their charge (not electrons) to become copper. The graphics should show that the anode is copper and then loses two electrons to become Cu2+. Remember that electrons have a negative charge. So in your video,​ you are showing that when Cu2+ loses two electrons it becomes Cu. This is wrong as it would mathematically give Cu4+ (having lost two negative charges). Therefore the correct way would be to show the copper (zero charges) losing two negative charges (electrons) to become positively charged (Cu2+). So basically, you have it the wrong way around. Otherwise the video was very helpful and clear!

[@onkeltschimi6923]

Very well shown and explained. Brilliant, thank you.

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This really helped me understand the science behind electroplating more. Thanks a Lot!!

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[@youfockingdonkeys597]

I have a doubt , why are the electrons move form the anode to cathode . Isn't it against the nature of electrons? They always move from negative terminal to positive terminal but here the system is opposite.
I have commented as I really hope you to explain this , pls reply

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I love her English or Welch accent.
I picture her looking like a young Charlotte Church.
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[@shannon5th]

Thank you: this is about the best electroplating explanation I've seen.

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British accent🤩😍😅

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[@omsingharjit]

Can i use iron and h2so4 reasion result as solution for plating iron coting on Copper ?
Or can i use Ferric chloride solution ( which is used for Pcb etching ) to electro plate iron on Cu ?

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This video was so helpful! What happens to the hydrogen ions though? Do they get reduced and become hydrogen gas?

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Electroplating was very hard to understand. But this video made it easier. Thank u so much!!!

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[@Doctorpopets]

Is the thickness of plated layer the same on the whole surface of the cathode? We know that the electrical current regularly goes by the easiest and shortest way. So if the piece of jewelry has variable thickness, the current will preferentially go to the solution via the thinnest parts (those having less resistance), thus plating them better, while other parts of the jewelry may not be plated at all. Does the shape or thickness of the cathode matter? By cathode i mean the detail that is plated.

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Yes it does matter, but what matters the most is the surface area. The more surface are you have, the better plating you can have.

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battery supplier

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[@jessb3083]

At the cathode, if the element is more reactive than hydrogen, can it still gain electrons, or is hydrogen discharged? (When dissolved with water) My teacher was not clear!!

[@fuseschool]

Metal ions and hydrogen ions are both positively charged and so both can gain electrons. So then whether you get the metal or hydrogen during electrolysis depends on the position of the metal in the reactivity series. When the metal is less reactive than hydrogen, you get the metal. But if the metal is more reactive than hydrogen (as your question) then hydrogen will be produced.
Sodium chloride for example would produce hydrogen at the cathode - because sodium is more reactive than hydrogen.
I hope that helps?

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[@azariajaya8449]

How does the concentration of the electrolyte affect the amount of mass deposited from the anode?

[@CMThota]

Take the example of Copper: The concentration of the Copper electrolyte being higher means that there are more Cu2+ ions in solution. Therefore, when current is applied, more copper ions are circulated and deposited on the brass as solid copper because there is more to begin with.
If there is less ions in the electrolyte, there will be less solid copper deposited.
I know this is an old question, but hopefully others who stumble across this with the same question can understand better.

[@tonyb.2341]

I do this for my job plate copper and nickel. Never knew how it worked.. They just told me how to do it lol..
But what about the cleaning process before you even put it in the plating baths? What exactly does the LS 931, fluoboric, T103, and the sulfuric do?

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how they made the first electrolyte solution ? and does the electrolyte is needed just to start the operation , (the first oxydation/ reduction ) ?

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Can you make a video on interchange of anode and cathode during electro plating.

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Whats is the difference from anodisation and electropolishing? It is the same Method?

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The worksheet is the anode. This is the main differnet between electroplating and anodisation. Anodisation is only for aluminium. Electropolishing take down the roughness.

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