The Territorial Evolution Of SWEDEN
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- čas přidán 6. 06. 2024
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▶ In this video I talk about the Territorial Evolution of Sweden. Did you know that at one point - at its territorial peak in 1658 - the Swedish Empire controlled parts of Norway, all of Finland, Ingria (in Russia), Estonia, Latvia, and even parts of Northern Germany? And did you know that from 1814 to 1905 they were in control of all of Norway? Here we will go through all the stages of Sweden's territorial changes; understanding how it emerged as a country, expanding its territory to include all of modern Sweden (with a late addition of Scania which was still under Danish rule), then expanding as they became a Great Power in Northern Europe into the rest of the Nordics, the Baltic, Eastern Europe and Germany. Eventually losing most of this territory and being "reduced" to what we know as Sweden today.
TIMESTAMPS:
00:00 Intro
01:18 Summarization of Sweden's Territorial Evolution
03:50 The Eras of Swedish History
04:25 The Early Medieval Era (815 - 1397)
05:16 Babbel Language Learning
06:16 The Kalmar Union interregnum (1397 - 1523)
06:39 The Vasa Dynasty Era (1523 - 1611)
07:56 The Swedish Empire (1611 - 1721)
08:37 Thirty-Years War & Peace of Westphalia (1648)
09:44 New Sweden: A Colonial Empire Attempt (1638)
10:10 Second Northern War (1655)
10:42 Scanian War (1675)
11:37 The Great Northern War (1700)
13:09 The Age of Liberty (1721 - 1772)
13:54 The Gustavian Era (1772 to 1809)
15:05 Sixth-Coalition & Swedish-Norwegian Wars (1809-1814)
16:09 Sweden-Norway (1814-1905)
16:34 Modern Sweden (1905 - today)
16:52 Summary
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*Which country's territorial evolution should I do next?* ps: ignore the crazy map at 16:44, no idea how that legend got past me in the editing.
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🤣🤣🤣🤣 Really out of reality!! I wonder what was that the guy that created that was smoking!!!!
The Territorial Evolution Of Denmark🇩🇰
france
Poland
Would be nice to see the territorial changes of countries like Iraq, Egypt or Syria, not from their post-Ottoman/colonial creation but starting from pre-antiquity.
suggestion: countries with weird independence stories. Examples:
- Singapore: got kicked out of Malaysia
- Kazakhstan: was left alone in the Soviet Union after everyone (including Russia) left
- Brazil: son of the King of Portugal declared independence from his father
- Liechenstein: sent 80 men to war, 81 returned, also gained independence without fighting
- Uruguay: Brazil and Argentina were fighting for it, no one got it, and a new country was created
Great idea
Kasakstan, ARE YOU OK?
Great suggestion!! Those are the most interesting maters.
Great idea!
@@General.Knowledge thanks for rewriting my reply 😁 (just joking 🧡)
Territorial evolution of Austria would be interesting.
Agreed! It's on my list :)
Austria: *pain scale meme*
@@General.Knowledgeaustrian painter mode activated
@@General.Knowledgethanks for doing the country im from
@@General.Knowledgeand we also had some colonies im the americas and africa
Great summary of the territorial history of Sweden. I as a Swedish history-teacher (ages 10-13) I really enjoyed the video and it’s fairly accurate.
Fun Fact during the Liberty era between the Vasa Dynasty and the Gustavian era Sweden was ruled by the monarch and two different parties by the great names The Hats and The Caps. The students always enjoys hearing those names as historic political parties.
Keep up the good work!
Skönt att det finns lärare som kollar på sånt här 😂
Men glöm inte att Kievska Ryssland riket va Svensk. Den kallades för Garðaríki, den va skapad av Rurik. Namnet Rus' betyder roddare, och den gavs till svenska vikingar från Roden dagens Roslagen
Hope you still teach the kids that Danes are drunks and that's why you don't understand what they say. Like they did when I went to school.
:) We like drinking beer and talking unintelligibly@@MrGunnar69
@@MrGunnar69 The old joke about Danish language here in Finland at least is that it is like speaking Swedish with a potato in the mouth.
Fun fact: The crown of Norway was first offered to Sweden but Oscar II threw a hissyfit after losing the union and was adamantly against one of his sons taking the norwegian crown
I didn't know that! Why was he against it? At least his dynasty would continue ruling the country.
I think if I remember correctly the Norwegian government offered his son the crown knowing he would not accept it. I actually don’t know the specifics of why Sweden would not accept. Mind have been seen as a bit of a cop out. First loosing a union where you where the senior partner and failed to integrate the junior. After having the junior partner win and then take one of your sons. Again I don’t know just speculating
Most likely the reason was more along the lines of the Swedish government seeing no big advantage of maintaining the union and not really caring
@@General.Knowledge He was very complex character and one that is often left out of discussions when talking about swedish monarchs. He was kinda liberal as far as monarchs go but was also known for his short temper and dreams of empowering the monarchy once again. There’s really no official reason to his rejection but one could assume that it was too little gain from such a loss for him to accept it
It was not accepted because they didnt want an independant norweigan parliament
Where da fun, bro?
An interesting thing is that the laws of the land in Finland remained Gustavian, despite being part of the Russian Empire, as the emperor had sworn to uphold their laws. Some Swedish laws are still in effect in Finland.
Using the modern border for lapland is erronous, especially since it includes the notch that came from territorial sale in 1947 between Finland and the USSR. The border was largely undefined that far up north until the 19th century, and even when it was, it was a straight line.
Great video. Always learning with this channel.
A version of this for Poland and Poland-Lithuania would be interesting.
Yes. Because Poland is invading Rus or Russia all the time 😡
Fun Fact: The first King Charles of Sweden (Karl Sverkersson) called himself Charles VII (or Karl VII) in 1161 because he thought it sounded like he was part of a long dynasty. All the previous ones were fictitious. The French were up to Louis VII at the time and he thought that was a cool number to use. 😁
It ain't no fun, bro
Does this mean that Karl XII actually was Karl V?
He didn't call himself that. Swedish monarchs didn't really use numerals until Erik XIV (whose number is also wrong) in the 1560s. Karl VII is simply the result of counting backwards from Karl IX.
Erik XIV and Karl IX both picked their numbers from a historical work that featured many fictional kings, with there supposedly being 13 Eriks and 8 Karls before them. In reality there were 6-8 Eriks (it's unclear) and 2 Karls.
fascinating video, thank you
Thanks for watching :)
I wonder how different Sweden’s legacy would been if Gustavus Adolphus never died during the Thirty Years War
Maybe Sweden would have remained a Great Power up to the 20th century and the World Wars?
@@Ezanke11 No, history, states, empires and wars doesnt work that way. If Gustavus never died so many factors could have played out that maybe that what we call russia today would have been a small country in the size of Estonia around Moscow. For example not long ago, historical, moscow was a litte town with no importance. So what you say about the probabilities of development is almost none and very, very low at best.
Lovely video! If you want, I can help you with the Swedish pronounciation (I know, it's weird) :-)
It's also fun that after all these wars, we are very friendly neighbours, way ahead of the EU we skipped the passports and could travel freely. I still think we could have a union within/without the EU (Norway is not a member). We get along and joke about each other. But when push comes to shove, we're siblings in the cold north, and stand up for each other.
It's cute and lovely!
Thank you for making this video!! I have a confession to make:
This is different than your normal format. I am unsure whether I like it or not.
I will need to see at least one more in this format to decide, possibly several more.
Thank you for your time;
Amazing, so thorough so accurate, so easy to understand I wish high school was more like this. Love these videos!
I'd love to see this same concept applied to Austria, which also had a lot of growth and retraction throughout its history
I would love to see this for denmark aswell.
This is pretty cool
Thanks!
Would be rather depressing. Denmark just gets smaller and smaller until 1864...
Territorial evolution of Hungary could potentially be interesting.
I did it! :) czcams.com/video/wmGcFhF6T1A/video.html
I am pretty sure that Sweden only controlled trondheim and Bornholm from 1658 to 1660
Yes, and thus the map showing Sweden c. 1704 is inaccurate.
They were returned to Denmark-Norway in the peace of Copenhagen 1660. Actually there was a revolt on Bornholm in 1659 were the Swedes got their asses kicked
Great subject
I must say that I’m impressed by your pronunciation of the Swedish counties (Landskap) captured from denmark! Good job!!!!!
As a Swede, it was funny hearing you deal with all of our umlauts.
But you did a very good job at it!
They're not umlauts! In some languages they are but in Swedish Å, Ä and Ö are their own unique letters.
There is an organization in Norway called Gjenkjøp av Sverige, län for län. Repurchase of Sweden, county for county... It's purpose is to recreate Norway-Sweden under the Norwegian Crown
Seeing one of my favorite CZcamsr doing a video on my country. Instaclicked!
Thank you!
What's with that WWII map? It shows Turkey joining the allies and says the UK is an ally but secretly an Axis power?
The UK thing makes no sense, but Turkey did join the allies in February 1945 after the war was almost over anyway
You forgot the Rus'/Kieven Rus' realm aka Garðaríki. It stretched from Sankt Petersburg all the way down to Kiev. It was founded by the Rus' aka the Swedes who were alos called Varangians. The name Rus' means rowers and still exist as a name for the coast line of Uppland which is Roslagen meaning the law of rus.
I thought about that too but I guess they weren't down there on "official business" and since they settled and formed Kievan Rus they were their own thing not connected to Sweden anymore. Interesting nonetheless
Damn man I love the new video style
Thanks! It's a lot more work to do but I think the end result is pretty cool
Ive always loved the idea that the when Norway declared independence in 1905, King Oscar II refused to accept this and threatened to invade. The Swedish people had 0 interest in fighting Norway and there where massive protests against the king. The Military that was stationed on the boarder eventually just laid down their weapons and refused to fight who they saw as their brothers in the Norweigans. The king had no choice but to accept Noways independence.
I love that despite the rivalry between our three countries, the people still had eachothers backs. Scandinavian monarchs fight but the people do look out for eachother.
Jag älskar iaf både Norrmän och Danskar, även om dom hatar oss för att vi Svenskar är bäst!
Just laid down their weapons? What is your source for this?
@@einarbolstad8150 A figure of speech. Sorry if that was unclear.
I didnt mean it like they actually stood ready to fire and then put down their weapons. They refused to carry out the invasion or fight any Norweigans.
Compare that to the Russians 118 years later. Russia isn't even as civilized as Sweden was in 1905.
It was the Swedish government who wanted to invade Norway. The king where against it and even andress the troops with the saying " we shall not kill our brother people"
Bäst på dekadens kanske, idag har vi ingenting att vara stolta över.
As someone living in Norway I really appreciate this video. :-)
YES YES I were the one that asked for this and it came let's go
Fun fact, during the vendel period, a few hundred year before the viking age, Sweden was united and conquered perhaps more then Gustav II Adolf, under Ivar Vidfamne, all of it according to the ynglingasaga and other texts.
I'm excited to see how you incorporate portugal!
Nya Sverige aka New Sweden of North America. Though short-lived appx 1638-1655, Nya Sverige had significant impact on the state of Delaware & to a lesser extent but still prominent in southwestern New Jersey & southeastern Pennsylvania. The oldest log cabin still standing in the United States was built by Finnish-Swedes in what is today Gibbstown, NJ, then part of Nya Sverige. Just one town over from Gibbstown is the town of Bridgeport, NJ aka Nya Stockholm, over one more Swedesboro, NJ aka Sveaborg. Even areas of southwest Philadelphia still carry their Nya Sverige estimated names or variations of those names.
A great video. But I missed your signature bell.
Also hi 😅😂 love ur stuff
Please do a video on all of the five mass extinctions in great detail from the Cambrian mass extinction to K-PG with some detail on the Extinction of megafauna at the end of the last ice age and the modern supposed sixth mass extinction
This is an interesting video. However, not enough attention has been paid to the accuracy of the maps. The eastern border shown at the very beginning is Finland's modern eastern border, plus the St. Petersburg area. This is not accurate for 1658. Many of the later maps also seem to have an inaccurate eastern border, which also makes me doubt the accuracy of the rest of the displayed borders.
Please do one video for BULGARIA!!! You should cover the Old Great Bulgaria, The First Bulgarian Tsardom, the Byzantine rule, The Second Bulgarian Tsardom, the ottoman yoke, The Third Bulgarian Tsardom and The People's Republic of Bulgaria. Please, you can also cover potential future expansion to North Macedonia, Northern Dobrudzha or possibly the "Belomorie"(Беломорието) - the White Sea(Aegean sea) cost.
0:05 forgot part of Karelia (Kexholm)
Swedish until the end of time!
1323, pähkinäsaaren rauha with Novgorod, you didnt map it or mention it at all.
Hey.. mais um fixe!! Faz a Escandinávia toda!! Interessante!!
hey brother, how did you make the map animation and the texture of the map?😮
@General Knowledge MN may change it's state flag next year. It's currently one of those US state flags that's blue with the state seal and state name on it
Nice
Noticed on the map of WW2 it says England was officially an ally but secretly an axis power
*UK
But yeah, that's odd. I have not seen anything implying that the UK was "secretly an Axis power"
It also states that Turkey joined the war, which is incorrect - they remained neutral. This map is rubbish.
I’m sorry to say this but you’ve gotten Halland wrong, they didn’t make Hyltebruk municipality part of Halland until like the 1970’s, but the west part of Hyltebruk / Torups side did belong to Halland, and the east side / Hyltebruk side toward unnaryd was part of småland.
"Beginning" is misspelled at 7:51.
Do the top 10 most spoken languages in the world by total number of speakers
Thumbnail missing Gotland... and @0:29 Orust and Tjörn apparently isn't part of the kingdom any longer. I need to check the news I think. ;)
You missed Deluge of Poland-Lithuania by Sweden in 1655-1660. This made Swedish territory even bigger.
We need same video with other countries!!!!
Yoy have the name Smyrna in your @ but you have a Bulgarian flag?
Българин ли си?
An interesting fact not many people are aware of is that the north german town of Wismar was actually formally a part of Sweden up until 1903.
From Wikipedia: "In 1803, Sweden ceded both the town and lordship to the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin for 1,258,000 Riksdalers, but reserved the right of redemption after 100 years. In view of this contingent right of Sweden, Wismar was not represented at the diet of Mecklenburg-Schwerin until 1897. In 1903, Sweden finally renounced its claims to the town."
Tomorrow is 1 July 2023!
Oh crap I didn’t even realize that lol😂
Good job on a complicated matter. Two comments. In 1323, the first peace between Russia (e.g. Novgorod) and Sweden was signed. Your maps do not really describe what we know from this treaty. In 1561, the nobility in Estonia (smaller than today's) volunteered to become Swedish.
Ive always been interested in Swedish Expansion, Thank you
I would like Babbel but it costs money ( im a kid)
Can you do territorial History of Ireland and the Celtic people including the Celtics territory in Central Europe
Interesting video. The borders of Halland are incorrect though. They follow the modern borders for the county of Hallands län. Hyltebruk in the eastern part of the county is not a part of the old province (landskap in swedish) of Halland. It is a part of the province called Småland which has always been swedish and not danish. The same goes for Älvsered and Karl Gustav in the north east which is a part of the Västergötland province. However Lindome in the north is a part of the old province of Halland which makes Lindome former danish aswell.
I would be cool to also see this with but for Scandinavia in general: North Sea empire, kalmar, first in the americas,.... :)
North Sea Empire, Kalmar Union, both created by Denmark though. It would be cool if that video was the territorial evolution of BOTH Denmark and Norway.
Unfortunately you mixed up Halland. Or more specifically Hylte in Hallands län, but in Småland, not in Halland. Compare the graphics with the maps within the animation and you'll find a difference in the southern part in the west. The same mistake could be seen in the north of Halland where Lindome is on the wrong side of the border, but that is only visible if you know how to look for it.
As someone who lives in Hylte municipality, I spotted that inaccuracy directly. 😅, good for us I guess?
Sharp observation 👍🏻 I have seen a church in Scania showing a map of Denmark 1658, with the Hyltebruk-bulge being part of Denmark...
could you do one of the rest of the Scandinavian countries
16:44 Did you not read the legend on this map before using it, or did you just not care XD
as someone from the uk, we were on both sides ok, trust me bro
Lmao I have no idea how that go through the editing. Absolutely insane map. My apologies!
@@Questraptor As someone from the UK too, I'm just surprised to see it brought up. Der Westen beginnt sich zu erinnern!!
@@General.Knowledge No problem man. What a hilarious accident. Keep up the great content!
3:00 That’s one Girthy territory 😮
Where's the link to the discord server?
I give this 8/10 👌
16:43 shows GB as "Secretly an Axis power", why?
Jag älskar Sverige!
Why are the two Swedish islands of Orust and Tjörn not blue in your 2023 map?
You should do this for the Dutch Republic and it's seaborne empire.
Will you do this promissed video abaut Poland or no?
Yes :) It's the next Territorial Evolution one!
can you pls do greece, you might need two parts tho
Please make a video about the micronation olympics.
Gustavus Adolphus,
Libera et impera
Acerbus et ingens,
Augusta per angusta
Can you do one of Denmark?
Some mistakes here and there but the most notable was that you have them keep Trondheim and Gotland after 1658 (into the 1704 map).
These were territories Sweden lost instantly in the same war. Bornholm liberated itself, and the Dano-Norwegian forces in Norway also liberated Trondheim in the same war (within less than two years all of that were free).
On top of this, the war actually looked to be a massive loss to Sweden if it had dragged on, but larger european powers wanted the conflict to end. Also, it was in no other power's interest for Sweden to acquire Copenhagen, nor for Denmark to keep Skåne (southern Sweden). If either power got full control, as Denmark had prior, of the Øresund strait, it could impose massive tarrifs and fully determine who were to enter and exit the Baltic Sea. Because of this, the Netherlands, who had helped Denmark in the war, switched sides and proclaimed that Sweden should keep the lands. At the same time, both France and England also supported Sweden to keep it.
If the war had kept going however, although this is "alt hist" territory, it seems obvious that Sweden would lose. Denmark had several allies with armies marching in on the territories occupied by Sweden. By the end of the war, almost all of Denmark had been liberated. On the Danish side were of course Denmark-Norway, Netherlands, Poland-Lithuania, Brandenburg-Prussia and also Austria (and by extension the entire HRE). The massive liberation force, if the war had kept on, could've easily taken back Skåne and surrounding south swedish areas, but because of this economic interest this did not happen.
In the Scanian war, Denmark did gain control of southern Sweden again, but was again during peace negotiations determined by larger powers not to regain lost land.
THANK YOU
First(i think) also cool video!
Just wondering why gotland and öland is shown as not part of Sweden in the thumbnail.
Can you make the territorial evolution of Bulgaria?
The really missed an opportunity to call their king Gustav Knäcke^^
This video contains numerous errors:
Särna-Idre is show as Swedish from the very beginning, when in reality it was acquired at the same time as Jämtland and Härjedalen.
It's implied that Sweden colonized St. Barths, but they were actually given it by the French as a debt payment. The video does correctly state that it was later sold back to France though.
Tröndelag and Bornholm are shown as still Swedish by the Great Northern War, when they were actually lost just 2 years after they were acquired, due to revolts.
I don't know quite what to say about the description of the Thirty Years War, but needless to say, it's very misleading.
The Finnish borders are wrong too. They're the borders of Finland in 2023, but in 1658 the border went through lake Ladoga and was farther to the east, while in Österbotten the border was slightly more to the west or undefined. Finland got most of Salla in 1833, while being a Grand Duchy in personal union with Russia and lost half of it again in WWII.
And for some very strange reason the islands Orust and Tjörn don't belong to Sweden on the modern map. I can see Orust from where i live, and I can assure you that it's Swedish.
Sadly in our history Gustav Adolf didnt have help from a Group of americans fro. Thw year 2000😅,
Reference to 1632 by Eric flint
None of the prior holdings could be re-established today. Nor would it make sense regarding the EU and Nordic counsel. However were it not for these holdings Sweden not not have existed at all today.
Do Brazil's territorial evolution!
I already did! czcams.com/video/6uYyj8Nvgco/video.html
Your thumbnail shows Sweden in 2023 without its islands of Oland and Gotland in the Baltic Sea
The video itself is nice as always 🖐🏻👴🏼
Öland*
I am sure they had a leading union over plc
Oh my god, that map of the WWII is...quite different. UK "Officially an ally but secretly an axis power". While I think that they where less important on the great scheme of the war that they think, that is a biiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiit excessive. Maybe.
I noticed the same thing. However, the UK certainly was a major ally. Who met at the Tehran, Yalta, and Potsdam summits? The leaders of the USSR, the USA, and the UK.
That is an excellent question.
Kalmar union seemed cool!
It was nice until we got a king who forgot to king for Sweden and Norway and only kinged for Denmark. Way to fuck it all up, Christian!
Suggestions that I find interesting:
- Japan
- China
- Russia
- Italy
- France
- Colombia
Finally i understand why Sweden was that big power in the 30-years-war mainly in today Germany
I don’t care when, Carolus Rex by Sabaton was Giga.
you forgot our time from year 600 to 950, a time as Vikings with many Jarls and no King. and ofc not called Sweden, but a time Swedish Vikings travels to Finland, Russia and so on.
She went up to the King of Sweden. He gave all the things she was needin'.
I guess i found the Reason of my huge Scandinavian DNA Result now.
Please do iran I‘m I’m really interested into it
Small correction, it really wasn't the last time sweden participated in conflicts/wars, only the last time we didn't declare war on anyone - but we've had forces in combat after that..
I like the old swedish flag 7:50
Do Denmark
ooooo I'd like to see a territorial evolution of Bulgaria but ik it would never happen 😅
Within 2 days!