What makes tuberculosis (TB) the world's most infectious killer? - Melvin Sanicas

Sdílet
Vložit
  • čas přidán 7. 06. 2024
  • Learn why tuberculosis, TB, is the world’s most infectious disease and how medical advancements are improving treatment.
    --
    In 2008, two 9,000-year old skeletons were found with their bones infected by an all too familiar bacterium. The ancient Greeks knew its effects as phthisis; the Incans called it chaky oncay; and today we call it tuberculosis, or TB. TB is still one of the world’s most infectious killers, causing more deaths than malaria or even HIV. How has it persisted for so long? Melvin Sanicas investigates.
    Lesson by Melvin Sanicas, directed by Augenblick Studios.
    Sign up for our newsletter: bit.ly/TEDEdNewsletter
    Support us on Patreon: bit.ly/TEDEdPatreon
    Follow us on Facebook: bit.ly/TEDEdFacebook
    Find us on Twitter: bit.ly/TEDEdTwitter
    Peep us on Instagram: bit.ly/TEDEdInstagram
    View full lesson: ed.ted.com/lessons/what-makes...
    Thank you so much to our patrons for your support! Without you this video would not be possible! Christophe Dessalles, Janie Jackson, Dr Luca Carpinelli, Heather Slater, Yuh Saito, Quentin Le Menez, Mattia Veltri, Fabian Amels, Sandra Tersluisen, PnDAA, Hugo Legorreta, Zhexi Shan, Gustavo Mendoza, Bárbara Nazaré, Josh Engel, Natalia Rico, Andrea Feliz, Eysteinn Guðnason, Bernardo Paulo, Victor E Karhel, Sydney Evans, Latora Slydell, Oyuntsengel Tseyen-Oidov, Noel Situ, Elliot Poulin, emily lam, Juan, Jordan Tang, Kent Logan, Alexandra Panzer, Laura Cameron Keith, Jen, Ellen Spertus, Cailin Ramsey, Markus Goldhacker, Leora Allen, Andras Radnothy, Chris, Arpita Singh, Vijayalakshmi, Marc Bilodeau, Peng, Tzu-Hsiang, paul g mohney, Maya Toll, Sebastian Regez, Bruno Hannud, Andreas Voltios, Shubham Arora, Ugur Doga Sezgin and Akinola Emmanuel.

Komentáře • 2,8K

  • @Guru_1092
    @Guru_1092 Před 5 lety +8331

    You know shit's really bad when coughing up blood is only the beginning.

    • @tyxhq.
      @tyxhq. Před 5 lety +132

      im dying 😂

    • @firstname4304
      @firstname4304 Před 5 lety +183

      TYXHQ QHXYT literally

    • @phoenixflamegames1
      @phoenixflamegames1 Před 5 lety +429

      Guru usually when you cough up blood you need to drop everything you’re doing and go to the hospital. This is because when you cough up blood there is always an internal organ severly damaged. Just giving a tip here.

    • @ThehollyJesus041
      @ThehollyJesus041 Před 5 lety +99

      @@phoenixflamegames1 what if I pee blood

    • @moongduri5466
      @moongduri5466 Před 5 lety +184

      @@ThehollyJesus041 thats even worse

  • @ahnedAohsi
    @ahnedAohsi Před 6 měsíci +2249

    Tuberculosis struggles are fading into the background, thanks to igrotum. Truly impressed!

  • @neilshinde8641
    @neilshinde8641 Před 2 lety +101

    " There ain't enough kindness in this world that's for sure "
    Arthur :(

  • @A.STR2
    @A.STR2 Před 4 lety +195

    "I tried, and in the end I did "
    I gave you all I had Dutch

  • @Ak-wq9bv
    @Ak-wq9bv Před 4 lety +1946

    I used to have TB, I had extreme headaches everyday and I couldn't gain weight. The treatment took me 12 months, but I got through it. For those who have TB, as extreme or as mild, keep your hopes up! We're fighting together!

    • @c.c7490
      @c.c7490 Před 3 lety +65

      Dude how're you now? I hope you're fine. I've got TB now and it'll take 6 months more to heal. Just eanna know about the side effects. I've got terrible hair loss amd ski decolouration. Did you uave similar issues?

    • @eazytube2706
      @eazytube2706 Před 3 lety +10

      @@c.c7490 did you take a skin test?

    • @c.c7490
      @c.c7490 Před 3 lety +6

      No i didn't but it's mostly because of TB

    • @GayTruckDriver
      @GayTruckDriver Před 2 lety +13

      @@c.c7490 just got diagnosed with AIDS and thought i had tb but it was some other more treatable deasesce. Hope you are well tb sounds really Terrible, stay strong :)

    • @jjba3571
      @jjba3571 Před 2 lety +4

      Did you ccough blood ?

  • @jimes1059
    @jimes1059 Před 4 lety +2232

    "There's a good man in you Arthur, but he's wrestling with a giant"

    • @prophet6557
      @prophet6557 Před 3 lety +58

      What if we're the giants who control Arthur to do bad things?
      *Deeeeeeep*

    • @gobis8637
      @gobis8637 Před 2 lety +19

      @@prophet6557 For me you are Arthur Morgan you choose what path he goes through

    • @callmegary2622
      @callmegary2622 Před 2 lety +8

      good man doing the side missions

    • @braeman01
      @braeman01 Před 2 lety +2

      Mary Linton

    • @potatomaster5570
      @potatomaster5570 Před 2 lety +16

      Came here to learn what killed Arthur, so I could avenge Arthur by killing it..

  • @thebigbean8783
    @thebigbean8783 Před 2 lety +34

    Oh Arthur. even the letters TB next to each other breaks my heart without fail. I will miss you forever

  • @annaludonnellan336
    @annaludonnellan336 Před rokem +50

    To those battling this sickness, I wish for you all to get better! Love and prayers to all of you.

  • @golamsadman1705
    @golamsadman1705 Před 5 lety +1845

    I was infected by TB when I was 12. I had this mild fever all the time along with cough. When I started coughing out blood they couldn't diagnose it. They thought it was pneumonia and gave me regular antibiotics. I stopped coughing blood but this was still inside me. I was getting weaker every day. After 1 year just when my body was about to give up, I was diagnosed with TB. Went through a treatment of 9 months. The side effects are pretty bad. 1 medicine made my urine red. Another gave me a puke feeling after taking it.
    So, people give this disease some respect.

    • @allovdem
      @allovdem Před 5 lety +69

      Same here man, the anti biotics were brutal

    • @totskitv6883
      @totskitv6883 Před 4 lety +12

      Tb has no symptom?

    • @riran6636
      @riran6636 Před 4 lety +47

      Same man. But my diagnosis was honestly ridiculous. TB wasn't in the lungs and they were still dormant, kinda like primary complex. A year later I got incredibly weak with little to no symptoms like very mild fever in the morning and especially in afternoons. They made me take the medication for 10 months but nothing much happened, only got clinical depression and a still enlarged lymph node. To this day, I still don't really know what this is but I'm still so scared of being diagnosed with something else because of those ten months. Glad you got better though...

    • @vincent5880
      @vincent5880 Před 4 lety +55

      @@riran6636 I also had it. Went to the hospital, got sent back home because they said "it is only a fever". That happend 3 more times. Until like half a year later, when I was feeling pretty much dead and empty, they diagnosed it. Turned out I was already sick half a year before I first went to the hospital.

    • @riran6636
      @riran6636 Před 4 lety +7

      @@vincent5880 sucks man, I feel ya : (

  • @mafuru801
    @mafuru801 Před 5 lety +2028

    my father got tb and it took him 5 months! alhamdulillah now he can work again like normal and support my family again! :`)

    • @rumblingend8443
      @rumblingend8443 Před 5 lety +27

      Pretty cool dude

    • @animegirl3627
      @animegirl3627 Před 5 lety +74

      MafuRu my dad died from tb he got the disease from Egypt and died

    • @TiredOwl464
      @TiredOwl464 Před 5 lety +22

      the standard TB treatment needs 6 months.

    • @mafuru801
      @mafuru801 Před 5 lety +59

      @@TiredOwl464 yes but he got lucky! But he still need to finish all the medicine! But doctor said he can work already!💕😃

    • @mafuru801
      @mafuru801 Před 5 lety +45

      @@animegirl3627 awwhhh😭 let's just hope he's at better place rn!

  • @paulanonuevo5678
    @paulanonuevo5678 Před 2 lety +188

    I was always underestimating my months long cough I didn't know it's TB until I coughed out blood. I thought I was gonna die and felt the space around me and the time just expands, like everything is far or out of reach. The worst part is I stupidly didn't know how contagious it would be. Fortunately I recovered from it and I am now helping out TB patients.

    • @TheOGsimar
      @TheOGsimar Před 2 lety +2

      Today my grandfather got his tb test done but he is not even having a single symptom ....my grandfather is suffering from urinary tract problem and he gets high fever due to increases in pus cells ......my grandfather just got some the part round with no red mark on his hand where he got his test ...can you tell me with your experiance is this type of things common in tb patience?

    • @paulanonuevo5678
      @paulanonuevo5678 Před 2 lety +2

      @@TheOGsimar hmm. The symptoms are very remote to what the usual symptoms and i nver encountered one so far. I'm sorry i couldn't give any help.

    • @TheOGsimar
      @TheOGsimar Před 2 lety +6

      @@paulanonuevo5678 thanks ...btw today doctor told there is no chance of tb ....today i am really very happy😊😊😊😊

    • @MartinJLara
      @MartinJLara Před 2 lety

      Hi, in an article published in "The New York medical journal" in 1912, Dr Charles Duncan desdribes how to prepare the vaccine for TB using your own saliva. He also describes it in his a self published book titled "AUTOTHERAPY". I also describe it in my book UROPATHY, The Most Powerful Holistic Therapy.
      In a small glass bottle half cc of Saliva is diluted in 50 cc of distilled water or water boiled for 20 minutes and shaken vigorously for 5 minutes, let it rest and repeat a second time. Then push 10 cc of the filtrate through a 10 or 15 microme filter, similar to those attached to IV hoses, what comes through is the vaccine and it should be applied subcutaneously in an area where the skin is healthy.
      Obviously, this remedy is not popular because there is no money for the pharmaceutical industry in it.

    • @clauday6467
      @clauday6467 Před 9 měsíci

      I got mantouks test and it turns negative but my doctor still gives me tb medicine which is harsh on me ended up being paralyzed from side effect i still worry i have tb but even the 2nd test is negative turns out its automimmune thats causes symptoms similiar to tb i had all symptoms except only no coughing blood

  • @morganstone8600
    @morganstone8600 Před 2 lety +279

    I had tb in 2009 and it was awful. I was quarantined for 3 weeks, had to take 4 different antibiotics at 4 times per day, and I also had to have 2 biopsies on the flesh surrounding the tb germs that were in my lungs. It was probably the most miserable, painful thing that I've ever experienced. I still have to have a chest xray every 6 months that the city health department pay for so they can make sure that my tb is still dormant.

    • @hornbillddscratch3489
      @hornbillddscratch3489 Před 2 lety +7

      Sorry for what you had to go through.. I wish you stay safe in this pandemic.

    • @morenaconsentida418
      @morenaconsentida418 Před 2 lety +2

      @MorganStone I just found out today my husband may have it, we are waiting for results

    • @itismethatguy
      @itismethatguy Před rokem +1

      Nice that they pay for it at least

    • @hmm5754
      @hmm5754 Před rokem +2

      @@morenaconsentida418 Everything is good now sister?

    • @morenaconsentida418
      @morenaconsentida418 Před rokem +1

      @@hmm5754 after almost 3 months finally he was able to go back to work. He is doing good. They changed meds to a stronger one's. He is better. Thanks!

  • @juliak2728
    @juliak2728 Před 5 lety +971

    i have a very close family member who had TB. my heart breaks so much, because i don't want her to be sick. now she's on her treatment and medication. i hope that she can recover quickly.

    • @schlongalongadingdong564
      @schlongalongadingdong564 Před 5 lety +25

      Awh I she gets better soon

    • @swagboicomments5654
      @swagboicomments5654 Před 5 lety +21

      TB requires 6 months of antibiotics and if you don’t complete treatment, it comes back as a Drug Resistant TB infection and then it can come back as a more drug resistant version.

    • @tyl3245
      @tyl3245 Před 5 lety +22

      I had a close friend who used to have TB, she took her medicine for I think about two years or so to get rid of the disease, the treatment required multiple medicines so she needed to keep track of what medicines to take, which I think was the most frustrating and irritating part of having TB

    • @swagboicomments5654
      @swagboicomments5654 Před 5 lety +1

      Puri Puri correct

    • @lovi6531
      @lovi6531 Před 5 lety +13

      I used to inject streptomycin to a patient with tb. support her to have her treatment religiously so she can get better. when patients missed their doses, it just wont heal them.

  • @TheGreatCooLite
    @TheGreatCooLite Před 5 lety +5793

    Someone's good at Plague Inc.

  • @NO_B.Sfitness
    @NO_B.Sfitness Před rokem +27

    😥A good friend of mine Arthur Morgan got it from getting coughed on from someone with TB and we went on some good adventures through the country and eventually his health went downhill and died from it may he rest in peace my good old friend Arthur 🙏

    • @ethancbaker2002
      @ethancbaker2002 Před 10 měsíci +3

      I know a friend that’s named Arthur and he passed away from this as well. :( such as sad disease

    • @lukasmaciejczyk582
      @lukasmaciejczyk582 Před 6 měsíci +1

      I know that feeling, I also knew Arthur Morgan, gave us such good times, drinking crazy with Lenny, exploring, amazing

    • @Reyfan601
      @Reyfan601 Před 5 měsíci

      ​@@lukasmaciejczyk582LeNnY Mah BoAh!!

    • @th3DzA07
      @th3DzA07 Před 4 měsíci +1

      Same happened to me, if i dont remember wrong, the guy told me his name was Tacitus Kilgore. May he RIP ❤

    • @175dee9
      @175dee9 Před 4 měsíci

      You don’t get TB from somebody coughing on you my guy.

  • @KR-te8kw
    @KR-te8kw Před rokem +25

    I can’t imagine the agony and pain that so many experienced and still experience with tuberculosis😢

  • @CBRN-115
    @CBRN-115 Před 5 lety +2158

    TB cost us our good pal, Arthur
    May his digital soul rest in peace

    • @yajan6650
      @yajan6650 Před 5 lety +5

      What Arthur?

    • @totskitv6883
      @totskitv6883 Před 4 lety +3

      How to cure lungs scarring? Please help

    • @Khenfu_Cake
      @Khenfu_Cake Před 4 lety +79

      And the 1.5 million actual people who die from TB every year.

    • @arthurmorgan3796
      @arthurmorgan3796 Před 4 lety +102

      Oh dont worry about me, I respawned and took a boat to Tahiti. Im fine now, if only Hosea was still a live, he was like a father to me.

    • @noorulhasan4904
      @noorulhasan4904 Před 3 lety +13

      @@arthurmorgan3796 mah boah what is the price of ticket to tahiti?

  • @glowinksummer
    @glowinksummer Před 5 lety +443

    About 5 years ago, my father got TB. I was shocked and sad at that time. He was so skinny. He got some medicine from the doctor and it took 6 month long to completely heal. at that time, I couldn't imagine how my father had to take the medicine for 6 months. But fortunately he could recover after taking the medicine and now he's fat again. I'm so happy. Thank you for all the doctors! Love from indonesia❤️

  • @lusenjuguese
    @lusenjuguese Před 7 měsíci +10

    Rest in peace for all who died from TB, *especially our boy, Arthur Morgan*

  • @Juststayhopeful
    @Juststayhopeful Před 3 měsíci +6

    My dad had TB in 2021 but he was given treatment on time, now he's fine

  • @Googledeservestodie
    @Googledeservestodie Před 5 lety +1669

    Arthur Morgan: ((exists))
    TB: you've Yeed your last Haw.

    • @yajan6650
      @yajan6650 Před 5 lety +14

      What Arthur? Who is Arthur?

    • @harshitsinghkalsi7833
      @harshitsinghkalsi7833 Před 5 lety +106

      The only reason i clicked on this video

    • @always963
      @always963 Před 5 lety +43

      @@yajan6650 probably the guy in red dead redemption 2

    • @devinjohnson7038
      @devinjohnson7038 Před 4 lety +4

      @@always963 yup

    • @erikallen3804
      @erikallen3804 Před 4 lety +46

      Yajan You seriously have been living under a rock if you don’t know who he is by now. Every video mentioning Tuberculosis has at least one mention of Arthur in the comments. Just search up ‘arthur morgan red dead wiki’.

  • @HardcoreGamers115
    @HardcoreGamers115 Před 5 lety +5061

    Arthur Morgan has left the chat

  • @mythic017
    @mythic017 Před 2 lety +13

    *"I gave you all I had, I did"*
    - Arthur Morgan, 1899

  • @zricarte7617
    @zricarte7617 Před 3 lety +42

    I just finished my 6 months medication last november. I'm really thankful now that I'll be able to work again and live my life normally. For those people who are about to stop medication in the middle of the total span of treatment, please dont. Even though you don't have the symptoms anymore after taking medicine for like 1-3 months, You should still finish the medication period or else you'll regret it in the end.

  • @ambivalentaxe
    @ambivalentaxe Před 4 lety +1456

    "I gave you all I had"
    If u know where this is from ur a legend

    • @lucoaismywife9643
      @lucoaismywife9643 Před 4 lety +61

      Cough cough THIS MAKING ME CRINGE COUGH COUGH

    • @ambivalentaxe
      @ambivalentaxe Před 4 lety +31

      @@lucoaismywife9643 oof looking back on it it's pretty cringy should I delete this comment

    • @lucoaismywife9643
      @lucoaismywife9643 Před 4 lety +55

      @@ambivalentaxe No i made reference to Kek or cringe with Dutch Van Der Linde.Your comment isn't cringy.

    • @ambivalentaxe
      @ambivalentaxe Před 4 lety +12

      @@lucoaismywife9643 oh im glad my comment isn't cringe

    • @arthurmorgan3796
      @arthurmorgan3796 Před 4 lety +20

      Oh, I said that, but im not a legend. Im Just a killer, and probably deserved that. Happily john made it.

  • @itssolyt3765
    @itssolyt3765 Před 5 lety +780

    Rip Arthur Morgan

  • @tunsamolu
    @tunsamolu Před 2 lety +4

    Lost my sister to this on Saturday. Would never forget 20th of November 2021.

  • @xXxJSCOTTxXx
    @xXxJSCOTTxXx Před 2 lety +16

    My paternal grandmother died of TB when I was only 3 or 4 years old.
    I can still vividly remember my father taking me into a small wood-paneled room under what seemed to be a staircase. The room was cramped and lined with bookshelves... my father told me not to tell my mother, and I never did until he died in 2010...
    I can clearly remember my father introducing me to his mother, for what would be the last time we ever saw eachother.
    My grandma Jackie used to go for walks with me as a toddler. She was a big part of my life, until she became ill...
    My last and only memory is of her telling me; "I'm not going to get to see you anymore..."
    I remember getting emotional and trying to reason with her. My father let me stay long enough to say goodbye, and then we left... I was so young, they apparently didn't feel comfortable taking me to her funeral.
    Years later, after my father's death; my mother mentioned my grandma Jackie in passing... I mentioned that I spoke to her as a child, shortly before her death from tuberculosis.
    She was shocked and angry at my Dad for allowing me into a confined space with someone dying of tuberculosis...
    I shrugged my mom off at the time, but looking back; I don't think I would have made the same choice as my father made.
    Families want nothing more than to share their love and say goodbye at the end of life. There's nothing more sad than not being allowed to do that...

    • @MartinJLara
      @MartinJLara Před 2 lety

      Hello dear friend, in an article published in "The New York medical journal" in 1912, Doctor Charles Duncan describes how to prepare the vaccine for TB using the patient’s own saliva. He also describes it in his a self-published book titled "AUTOTHERAPY". I describe it in my book UROPATHY, The Most Powerful Holistic Therapy. In a small glass bottle half cc of Saliva is diluted in 50 cc of distilled water or water boiled for 20 minutes and shaken vigorously for 5 minutes, let it rest and repeat a second time. Then push 10 cc of the filtrate through a 10 or 15 micron filter, similar to those attached to IV hoses, what comes through is the vaccine and it should be applied subcutaneously in an area where the skin is healthy. Obviously, this remedy is not popular because there is no money for the pharmaceutical industry in it. Salting your food to taste and adding a pinch of good salt to 250 ml of water or tea is also a great way to boost immune system.

  • @loveingliamguy
    @loveingliamguy Před 4 lety +853

    TB video: **exists**
    Arthur Morgan: *I'm about to sadden this whole man's comment section*

  • @caesar419
    @caesar419 Před 5 lety +1015

    “You always have a plan, Dutch”

  • @mountainman679
    @mountainman679 Před 4 lety +18

    We all know the well known fighter who thought tuberculosis, Author Morgan. May he rest in peace. 😔🙏

  • @philam1973
    @philam1973 Před 2 lety +51

    During genealogy research of my family, I discovered that my grandmother died of TB at the age of 31 in 1935. Her sister passed away in 1940 at the age of 38. This happened in California.

  • @vyn_vynn
    @vyn_vynn Před 5 lety +5328

    "And hopefully we will make TB only a thing of the past,"
    Anti-vax moms: HOLD MY ESSENTIAL OILS

    • @tajrice5398
      @tajrice5398 Před 5 lety +25

      😂😂ded

    • @divjot13
      @divjot13 Před 5 lety +318

      On a serious note these anti vax guys seriously dont know the risk they are putting in themselves and other people around them.....

    • @albertboy2774
      @albertboy2774 Před 5 lety +11

      @@divjot13 or so you convinced yourself so.

    • @richtigmann1
      @richtigmann1 Před 5 lety +29

      because it's true

    • @villageidiot130
      @villageidiot130 Před 5 lety +129

      Don’t forget the crystals too lol
      But for real, these are the people allowing diseases that were thought to be extinct soon make a comeback. In all honesty, they should be going extinct. At least we can prevent the spread of diseases, but we can’t prevent the spread of ignorance as easily

  • @markuscraig7945
    @markuscraig7945 Před 5 lety +715

    Red dead anyone. *Goes to a corner holding a picture of Arthur and crying like a little girl.*

  • @FourDotSkills
    @FourDotSkills Před 3 lety +9

    I was diagnosed with medium level active TB in December last year, into 6th month of my treatment and is going well. I still remember as a teacher and key note speaker, I will cough blood but continue with my online sessions. Thank God its almost okay now.

  • @L.C.Sweeney
    @L.C.Sweeney Před 3 lety +51

    My dad's uncle contracted TB in Donegal as a child. The family lived in the country and there was nothing they could do to treat him at the time. They had to leave a child isolated in a hut on their plot for two years until he died, feeding him through the doorway. It's a story I'll never forget.

    • @Nexussxz
      @Nexussxz Před rokem +2

      Uncle? Tuberculosis? I thought he had Lumbago

    • @Ghostsfan420
      @Ghostsfan420 Před 19 dny

      @@NexussxzBro💀

  • @drip_mg3466
    @drip_mg3466 Před 5 lety +357

    90% of comments - Arthur Morgan
    10% of comments - plague inc

    • @iakovos56
      @iakovos56 Před 2 lety +1

      @spectre legacy account he is actually the best video game character ever created

    • @doobeabeep
      @doobeabeep Před 2 lety +1

      @dvbdbd siIbs exwis bro u make it sound like ur above it-

  • @Ferzy
    @Ferzy Před 5 lety +111

    I was studying biology about tuberculosis and this video showed up

  • @Trey_816
    @Trey_816 Před rokem +8

    "You saved my life. You're a good man."

  • @gielindekeu6154
    @gielindekeu6154 Před 2 lety +58

    I live in Belgium and I had TB when I was 19. I live on a farm and I had probably contracted it as a child. 2015 saw a mayor outbreak among farm cattle and the farm where I live on was ordered to have all its animals killed, including our two dogs and 3 cats. Me and my parents needed to get tested and they found out I had TB and was in fact already sick even. The disease starts very slowly and no one will guess it is TB anymore because it is so rare in the richer countries. I was lucky, because had they not figured it out at that time, I would possibly have gotten way way sicker until maybe I would have died of it.
    On the medicines: you have to take very strong antibiotics for 9 months, which have indeed a lot of side effects. I experienced constant fatigue and my urine was red for 3/4 of a year (not even joking). It seems almost insane that a disease which still so many people suffer has medication that is so dated and no improvements have been made since. Better medication really is needed.

    • @shrav7-
      @shrav7- Před 2 lety +3

      It's really scary to witness the side effects of taking the medication to cure this disease. Thanks for sharing your story!

    • @katyantis
      @katyantis Před 2 lety +7

      We live in the USA so doctors never suspected tb until my son literally couldn’t breathe anymore and was taken to the emergency room. Doctors here in the US need to remember this has not been eradicated, it is still alive and well. Now my son doesn’t have a lung and is on disability for the rest of his life.

    • @shrav7-
      @shrav7- Před 2 lety +5

      @@katyantis I'm sorry to hear that

    • @erinblue4043
      @erinblue4043 Před 2 lety +3

      I was diagnosed TB in 2019 but because i had a very hidden form of TB, It wasn't diagnosed quickly, only After 3 months of the Active disease and they had to use a direct biopsy to figure out.

    • @erinblue4043
      @erinblue4043 Před 2 lety +2

      @@katyantis same here , i live in Europe and the doctors required 3 months to figure out i had TB....cause they didn't expected It in a Rich country, these people forget that this disease Is so ancestral and part of the world since Forever

  • @MarkWTK
    @MarkWTK Před 5 lety +321

    i remembered that one of my classmates had TB, and the whole class have to be jabbed. thanks modern medicine for saving our lives😊

    • @heyimmary1876
      @heyimmary1876 Před 5 lety

      Is he or she alive?!

    • @MarkWTK
      @MarkWTK Před 5 lety +21

      @@heyimmary1876 she's alright, btw this happened 5 years ago :)

    • @heyimmary1876
      @heyimmary1876 Před 5 lety

      @@MarkWTK ooh ok thanks they good to hear😅

    • @justinfilipovic8939
      @justinfilipovic8939 Před 4 lety +2

      what makes you so certain that it was the shots that protected you and your classmates from tb?

    • @goblin7189
      @goblin7189 Před 4 lety +11

      justin filipovic the jab tests to see if you were exposed/ caught it. If no reaction occurred then you didn’t get it and you’re good to go. If a reaction did occur, you’re either sick with tb or you had tb in the past.

  • @aqsashock219
    @aqsashock219 Před 5 lety +540

    Everytime I hear TB the first thing I think of is Arthur Morgan 😭

  • @alsyddan1376
    @alsyddan1376 Před 2 lety +7

    RIP Arthur Morgen you will not be forgotten

  • @your3starweapon
    @your3starweapon Před rokem +4

    My grandfather died because of tuberculosis. I remembered waiting outside the hospital along with some of my other cousins since they're not allowing kids inside.
    I didn't see my grandfather on his death bed, nor hear his last words. He wasn't the best father to my mom (and aunts and uncles), he had shortcomings.... But he was and always will be the best grandparent I ever had. I am his favorite grandchild. I miss him so much.

  • @flamelight7683
    @flamelight7683 Před 5 lety +187

    Tuberculosis can also spread to the heart and cause heart failure! Thanks for this video and reminding people that TB is more than just a lung disease

  • @maybeimurangel
    @maybeimurangel Před 5 lety +67

    I had TB twice in my life (first as a toddler, second time when I was 17). It's hard, having to take medicines everyday for 9 months, but thankfully I recovered completely.

    • @mm-ye6lq
      @mm-ye6lq Před 5 lety +3

      K. S. i'm happy to hear that. ❤️

    • @justinfilipovic8939
      @justinfilipovic8939 Před 4 lety

      you never needed those drugs to get better

    • @mm-ye6lq
      @mm-ye6lq Před 4 lety +8

      justin filipovic oh really!! then what would cure it??

    • @susssshitpostbasin5730
      @susssshitpostbasin5730 Před 4 lety +11

      @@justinfilipovic8939 please stop advocating pseudoscience

    • @dinesandinesan9812
      @dinesandinesan9812 Před 2 lety

      Can i get ur insta id i need to ask about tb related

  • @andersonmallma-kj9ld
    @andersonmallma-kj9ld Před 6 měsíci +2

    Tuberculosis had me down, but igrotum is lifting me up. Grateful for this turning point.

  • @F1NISHHIM
    @F1NISHHIM Před 4 lety +128

    *Arthur Morgan Doesn’t Like That.*

  • @ScarletImp
    @ScarletImp Před 5 lety +114

    Came here for the Arthur Morgan comments and was not disappointed

  • @CeeJayy08Pilipino
    @CeeJayy08Pilipino Před 5 lety +201

    Also know as the Arthur Morgan killer

    • @smileyface5256
      @smileyface5256 Před 3 lety

      low honor gang: you mean mica?? yea?

    • @ahmadanime7586
      @ahmadanime7586 Před 3 lety +2

      @@smileyface5256 If you get the low honor ending you killed Arthur Morgan not Mica because Arthur didn't deserve it :(

    • @smileyface5256
      @smileyface5256 Před 3 lety

      @@ahmadanime7586 killing the people in saint denis is fun

    • @ahmadanime7586
      @ahmadanime7586 Před 3 lety

      @@smileyface5256 Civilized people

    • @ValleyoftheKings64
      @ValleyoftheKings64 Před 3 lety

      Morgan's Disease

  • @levimata9053
    @levimata9053 Před 3 lety +29

    Rest In Peace Arthur. You were a good man.

  • @surajpatil8670
    @surajpatil8670 Před 4 lety +7

    This is scary. A person I knew of was diagnosed with MDR-TB (Multiple Drug Resistant- Tuberculosis). He passed away after fighting for a year.

    • @MartinJLara
      @MartinJLara Před 2 lety

      Hello dear friend, in an article published in "The New York medical journal" in 1912, Doctor Charles Duncan describes how to prepare the vaccine for TB using the patient’s own saliva. He also describes it in his a self-published book titled "AUTOTHERAPY". I describe it in my book UROPATHY, The Most Powerful Holistic Therapy. In a small glass bottle half cc of Saliva is diluted in 50 cc of distilled water or water boiled for 20 minutes and shaken vigorously for 5 minutes, let it rest and repeat a second time. Then push 10 cc of the filtrate through a 10 or 15 micron filter, similar to those attached to IV hoses, what comes through is the vaccine and it should be applied subcutaneously in an area where the skin is healthy. Obviously, this remedy is not popular because there is no money for the pharmaceutical industry in it. Salting your food to taste and adding a pinch of good salt to 250 ml of water or tea is also a great way to boost immune system.

  • @ZaoZaoZao
    @ZaoZaoZao Před 5 lety +53

    Had a very close friend die of TB, still hurts me to this day.
    I miss you Arthur Morgan

  • @unnativerma1411
    @unnativerma1411 Před 4 lety +90

    I have a spinal and pulmonary tb and I'm on bed rest since 9 months, I hope I'll get well soon 😢

  • @robindeanna1323
    @robindeanna1323 Před 2 lety +2

    I moved to Asheville, North Carolina last year at the beginning of the shut downs. I was hired to work at a bed and breakfast a few months later, and my god have I learned a lot! The house was built in 1889, the entire neighborhood is a historic district. Little did I know how historic...
    Two blocks away from my job is the house where the 1st TB vaccine was discovered. Many of the houses where built and designed to treat patients with TB, these rooms with huge windows are called solariums... before they had a vaccine, they treated patients with sunlight and fresh mountain air. Asheville became internationally recognized as a place of wellness with an optimal climate to remove illness... and it just boggles my mind to learn that TB is so eerily similar to Covid... of ALL the places I could have chosen to move to at random during a pandemic, I don't think I could have chosen better... what are the odds? History is trippy, I swear that it calls to us somehow. Like the Shining.

  • @Jwm367t
    @Jwm367t Před 2 lety +12

    Something Im surprised wasn't mentioned was just how hardy TB actually is. It's a remarkably slow reproducing bacteria (and in turn a slow mutator) but it also is very difficult to kill (hence the long treatment times). Once a TB cell survives a treatment, it almost always adapts to become resistant.
    TB was almost eradicated and its making a ever increasing comeback right now. It's a big concern

  • @zeethanguo
    @zeethanguo Před 5 lety +69

    Damn, the timing, I just took a TB test today.

    • @jaqenhghar5794
      @jaqenhghar5794 Před 5 lety +2

      Yo beethoven

    • @imenehinague5728
      @imenehinague5728 Před 5 lety +1

      Haha we studied tuberculosis all this week XD I guess they are spying at us😂😂😂

    • @zeethanguo
      @zeethanguo Před 5 lety +1

      Mr Eagle for a private school medical form.

    • @Wotterblue
      @Wotterblue Před 5 lety

      @@birdy1670 they usually only vaccinate you if you're at high risk, if I remember. You usually get TB tests only if you go into healthcare fields.

  • @pastelladium1952
    @pastelladium1952 Před 5 lety +879

    Machrophages: I can kill bacteria that I engulf!
    TB: HOLD MY DNA
    I'm not sure why I have so many likes but ok👌

    • @electronresonator8882
      @electronresonator8882 Před 5 lety +13

      do you even bother to watch the video?
      ---------------------------
      Machrophages: I can kill bacteria that I engulf!
      Body : Hold my medical conditions

    • @pastelladium1952
      @pastelladium1952 Před 5 lety +25

      @@electronresonator8882
      Firstly, I did watch the video and get the point about medical conditions
      Secondly, Macrophages are normally able to digest bacteria with reactive oxygen species However, tuberculosis bacterium has a thick, waxy mycolic acid capsule that protects it from these toxic substances. Therefore tuberculosis is able to reproduce inside the macrophage and will eventually kill the immune cell. Resulting in latent or active, tuberculosis. (Active symptomatic tb is when the macrophage become incapable of containing the bacteria) so in a way, im not wrong. Disappointed that Ted Ed did not talk about this...
      I recommend you read up more about TB, the pathology is different from many other bacteria

    • @tteottaninguiayami
      @tteottaninguiayami Před 5 lety +8

      @@pastelladium1952 You're right. Also the fact that they didn't mention the characteristic feature of TB to cause granulomas in the infected tissues and the fact that large parts of the damage are caused by the type 4 Hypersensitivity reaction to the bacteria. Also, TB can cause many more diseases such as Addison's disease and even meningitis in unvaccinated people.

    • @umm_uh
      @umm_uh Před 5 lety

      macrophages work hard and die for you and this is how you treat them?

    • @BlancoWilliams
      @BlancoWilliams Před 4 lety

      Tb is RNA 😂

  • @mazenstone1105
    @mazenstone1105 Před rokem +4

    Watching this as I got diagnosed with TB and hyper thyroid. Hoping for a fast recovery 🙏

  • @YurieSnowie
    @YurieSnowie Před 4 lety +5

    Can we have a moment of silence for Arthur?

  • @abhijitmarathe9838
    @abhijitmarathe9838 Před 5 lety +17

    My mother was diagnosed with tuberculosis last year. Being a diabetic for 15 years was the main cause of the infection. She had to go through several rounds of medication for over 9 months.
    The worst part in tb is to deal with the extreme side effects to cure the infection.
    Some of the side effects are lifelong.
    Even today I am well versed with the names of medications.. Rifampin, Ethambutol, Isoniazid & Pyrazinamide.
    Today I am so happy to see my mother has gained all the weight she had lost and fully recovered from the infection.
    Thank you to all the doctors and scientists who made this happen 😊

  • @MrOhitsujiza
    @MrOhitsujiza Před 5 lety +403

    "At last we have defeated TB!!! WOOO!"
    10 years later "My kid don't need TB vaccine, i never had a problem with it!"
    "aren't you vaccinated though?"
    "Your point being?"

    • @justinfilipovic8939
      @justinfilipovic8939 Před 4 lety +4

      yeh what about all the people who have never gotten the tb vaccine and never got tb?

    • @caringheart34
      @caringheart34 Před 4 lety +18

      Most cases are asymptomatic and drug-resitant tuberculosis is a real thing.

    • @siyacer
      @siyacer Před 4 lety +37

      @@justinfilipovic8939 Because they weren't exposed to TB. just because I didn't get the Ebola vaccine doesn't mean I will get Ebola, it just means I'm at a much higher risk.

    • @sands7779
      @sands7779 Před 3 lety +1

      also not exposed to TB or survivor selection

    • @andym9571
      @andym9571 Před 3 lety +20

      @@justinfilipovic8939 Herd immunity because of the vaccine. Trouble is the less people that are vaccinated the more chance of a resurgence of TB.

  • @popcorn869
    @popcorn869 Před 2 měsíci +1

    I was diagnosed with TB last year on my birthday...and it was the worst I could ever imagine...I didn't have a lot of symptoms so for almost 2 months everyone thought that it was just viral fever and a little bit of cold...thankfully I got correctly diagnosed before it was too late...my recovery went really smooth and I got relief just in like 3 months...I have to say that recovery is much easier that before now,and I'm hoping that it's going to get better

  • @clairevee09
    @clairevee09 Před 2 lety

    Thank you for this very informative animation. Thank you TED-Ed

  • @michellegil1609
    @michellegil1609 Před 5 lety +26

    Now I’m sad about Arthur Morgan

  • @ItsWhiteFang
    @ItsWhiteFang Před 5 lety +45

    Watching this reminded me of Red Dead Redemption 2 and now I am sad.

  • @maximillienrobespierre7262

    Wow... I find this disease fascinating. Thanks for the video.

  • @ritugupta5257
    @ritugupta5257 Před 4 lety +7

    My Mon got infected by the most severe form of TV and her treatment lasted for 3 years, she is healthy now and the doctor told she had a really less chance of survival but not exactly how much

  • @sabantafirdausi5615
    @sabantafirdausi5615 Před 4 lety +24

    I was a patient with TB and it took me 2 months for the medication. Yup, not 6 or 9 months. I was participating in a medical research about TB. There is a team consists of doctors in some countries who are developing some new compositions of pills for patient with TB to decrease the length of medication treatment. For me, the new pills composition worked. Hopefully, the research will be successful and bring new impact to the world.
    If u think u got TB symptoms, go to the doctor immediately. TB is a chronic desease. It can be deadly if u r late treated and not consuming the pills regularly. Just don't do that and u'll be okay ❤️

    • @Khenfu_Cake
      @Khenfu_Cake Před 4 lety +1

      That's great to hear, congratulations 😊. You are completely right about the importance of sticking to the treatment regiment. Not only does it lower your chances at a complete recovery it's also shown to have a higher risk in causing the MTB to develop immunity against the treatment. So, it's a good thing you mentioned this.

  • @siddharthr1853
    @siddharthr1853 Před 5 lety +133

    Don't worry Arthur, Dutch has a plan for TB!

    • @phoenixflamegames1
      @phoenixflamegames1 Před 5 lety

      Siddharth R Dutch who?

    • @averageboi5195
      @averageboi5195 Před 5 lety +7

      PhoenixFlameGames I had a god damn plan!!!

    • @polotakeo2080
      @polotakeo2080 Před 4 lety +7

      @@phoenixflamegames1 red dead redemption 2 reference Arthur the main character beats a sick man and gets tb

    • @VerbranntHD
      @VerbranntHD Před 4 lety

      Na he dead

    • @erikallen3804
      @erikallen3804 Před 4 lety

      Dutch committed suicide in 1911. What’re you talking about?

  • @adriancanda5519
    @adriancanda5519 Před rokem +7

    I also used to have TB last year, 2021. It was pretty awful dealing with bony aches in my back and ribs everytime I wokeup from sleep. Hard to breathe. Constant coughing is really frustating (tho I never coughed a blood which I think is lucky on my side) plus the side effects of the drugs that takes toll on your body. Luckily, I finished the treatment and considered healed. Even the treatment is done, it will take.months for your body to fully recovered. TB left me a trauma. Ever since that day, I always wear a mask even at home whenever I see someone coughing. I only remove my mask whenever I will eat or take a shower. When I do eat, I always distance myself on a place where a coughing happened. It becomes a habit of mine to spray hand alcohol in our house "to sanitize" the air. I even get angry at someone when they cough without something to cover on their mouth. If not for the treatment, I may be dead on this day.

    • @soulfallenanjali3972
      @soulfallenanjali3972 Před rokem

      Did you feel nauseas all the time and bad mood.. and feel like talking?

  • @akioxyriel4636
    @akioxyriel4636 Před rokem +3

    Currently have TB not doing that well but I'll keep on fighting!

  • @-4subscriberswithahammerad521

    Ebola: man this guy is like my big meaner brother

  • @nerdalert6578
    @nerdalert6578 Před 4 lety +15

    Ted-Ed animation always amazes me, kudos to the talented animators.

  • @GamerVoid06
    @GamerVoid06 Před 3 lety +30

    90%: Red Dead Redemption
    10%: Other

  • @logan_the_vaquero
    @logan_the_vaquero Před 3 lety +19

    RIP Authur Morgan, he was a good man

  • @reymundalagos9889
    @reymundalagos9889 Před 5 lety +110

    Wow so that’s how you pronounce Wilhelm Röntgen. Thanks TedEd

    • @jakobstadler7969
      @jakobstadler7969 Před 5 lety +14

      Well not really

    • @Jordan_Dossou
      @Jordan_Dossou Před 5 lety +2

      @@jakobstadler7969 it's German right? They pronounce their w like v

    • @jakobstadler7969
      @jakobstadler7969 Před 5 lety +14

      Wilhelm is alright. Röntgen was pronouced incorrectly. Now I know why it's called X-Ray in the US rather than 'Röntgen-Ray'. Still a great video though

    • @lolscience1979
      @lolscience1979 Před 5 lety

      NO, you don’t!

    • @supermonkeyyyyyy
      @supermonkeyyyyyy Před 5 lety

      Uhm close but not really

  • @dominique.gonzalez622
    @dominique.gonzalez622 Před 5 lety +47

    R.I.P Arthur Morgan😢Low key i haven't cried like that in a game since gears of war 3 when Dom dies😢💔

  • @hxzvrd926
    @hxzvrd926 Před 3 lety +2

    I had TB and I had to go to surgery because my medicine weren’t working then they had to cut the side near my armpit to get the fluid out of my body luckily it didnt get really bad i am very greatful.

  • @WhatHappenedIn-vt3vq
    @WhatHappenedIn-vt3vq Před 2 lety +12

    Tb is what wiped out 3/4 of my old village. We ended up with a roughly 90% mortality rate before we established proper infrastructure to combat spreads

    • @katyantis
      @katyantis Před 2 lety

      That’s really sad. Medication is so cheap too, I just don’t understand why it isn’t more available to other countries. So sorry.

    • @MartinJLara
      @MartinJLara Před 2 lety

      Hello dear friend, in an article published in "The New York medical journal" in 1912, Doctor Charles Duncan describes how to prepare the vaccine for TB using the patient’s own saliva. He also describes it in his a self-published book titled "AUTOTHERAPY". I describe it in my book UROPATHY, The Most Powerful Holistic Therapy. In a small glass bottle half cc of Saliva is diluted in 50 cc of distilled water or water boiled for 20 minutes and shaken vigorously for 5 minutes, let it rest and repeat a second time. Then push 10 cc of the filtrate through a 10 or 15 micron filter, similar to those attached to IV hoses, what comes through is the vaccine and it should be applied subcutaneously in an area where the skin is healthy. Obviously, this remedy is not popular because there is no money for the pharmaceutical industry in it. Salting your food to taste and adding a pinch of good salt to 250 ml of water or tea is also a great way to boost immune system.

  • @guyedwards22
    @guyedwards22 Před 5 lety +5

    The music was especially stunning in this video! First Ted-Ed where my attention drifted because of the music :)

  • @ankushkumar5159
    @ankushkumar5159 Před 5 lety +5

    Fascinating as always

  • @thecoronavirus1819
    @thecoronavirus1819 Před 3 lety

    A fine addition to my collection.

  • @roshs675
    @roshs675 Před 3 lety +7

    My friend recently passed away from TB. He wasn’t always good but he did his best and saved my life at the very last moment. Rest in peace Morgan.

  • @korpvit5177
    @korpvit5177 Před 5 lety +4

    I was always very interested in TB. Never had the time to research why it's the number 1 infectious disease. Thanks TED ED.

  • @mohammediliyas5951
    @mohammediliyas5951 Před 5 lety +49

    Animation are amazing..

  • @iftekhar77
    @iftekhar77 Před rokem

    I love these ted ed videos n this voice is so calming

  • @Uhmguysuhm
    @Uhmguysuhm Před rokem

    I love learning about old diseases, cause whenever we talk about old people in school, articles will talk about their deaths, and im the only one who knew what cholera or in this case tuberculosis was. and i feel cool when i do it

  • @doreenedwards1139
    @doreenedwards1139 Před 5 lety +108

    RIp Arthur Morgan, and the Moneh he never got.

  • @maeannengo4908
    @maeannengo4908 Před 5 lety +265

    Just scrolling to see any anti-vaxxer comments.
    So far none.

    • @TimpanKanava
      @TimpanKanava Před 5 lety +61

      They all died before they had a change to finish their comments

    • @felix.mp3639
      @felix.mp3639 Před 5 lety +4

      TimpanKanava lmAo

    • @biggus6633
      @biggus6633 Před 5 lety +13

      Mae Anne Ngo
      I’m scrolling for the Arthur Morgan comments or at least someone mentioning lumbago.

    • @maeannengo4908
      @maeannengo4908 Před 5 lety +2

      @Randall W Did you even watch the video?

    • @sorintulea9765
      @sorintulea9765 Před 4 lety +1

      Mae Anne Ngo , the same :)

  • @sub-zero_
    @sub-zero_ Před 3 lety +3

    may you rest in peace. mr Morgan.

  • @ebenburger111
    @ebenburger111 Před 4 lety

    Very well done!

  • @naveenraj2008eee
    @naveenraj2008eee Před 5 lety +21

    Hi ted-ed
    Another great lesson..
    Now im familiar with T.B.
    Thank you ted-ed..🙏👍😊

  • @nandiux20
    @nandiux20 Před 5 lety +35

    Looks like having a strong inmune system can prevent lots of thing...

    • @bouutiquems3578
      @bouutiquems3578 Před 5 lety +14

      Ikr it's almost as if that's its sole purpose

    • @genghiskhan4697
      @genghiskhan4697 Před 4 lety

      Bouutique Ms lol

    • @hodansaciid8706
      @hodansaciid8706 Před 3 lety +2

      How do people who don’t have underlying health problems get weak immune system?

    • @epikk3000
      @epikk3000 Před 2 lety

      random mutations in DNA its like hair color or any other trait

    • @MartinJLara
      @MartinJLara Před 2 lety

      That is true Luis Grados, there is a natural product capable of boosting the strength of your immune system to its maximum level and that is common salt, the type that has not been processed in anyway other than what is required to package it. Avoid table salt, the fine, pure white stuff that flows like dust from the salt shaker. Salt your foods to taste and add a pinch of salt to the water or tea you drink. Salt kills the microbes that cause diseases but salt does not harm the benign protective microbes that keep you healthy. The only problem with good salt is that it has received a bad reputation from the people that benefit from sick people therefore they tell you that salt is bad for your health.

  • @michaelevans2787
    @michaelevans2787 Před 3 lety

    Thank u for sharing valuable information which will help me in my medical journey

  • @nicoleshaw1075
    @nicoleshaw1075 Před 2 lety +4

    I had TB when I was 4 year old and I’m glad I’m still living

    • @dinesandinesan9812
      @dinesandinesan9812 Před 2 lety

      Need to ask about tb can i get ur Instagram id

    • @MartinJLara
      @MartinJLara Před 2 lety

      Hello dear friend, in an article published in "The New York medical journal" in 1912, Doctor Charles Duncan describes how to prepare the vaccine for TB using the patient’s own saliva. He also describes it in his a self-published book titled "AUTOTHERAPY". I describe it in my book UROPATHY, The Most Powerful Holistic Therapy. In a small glass bottle half cc of Saliva is diluted in 50 cc of distilled water or water boiled for 20 minutes and shaken vigorously for 5 minutes, let it rest and repeat a second time. Then push 10 cc of the filtrate through a 10 or 15 micron filter, similar to those attached to IV hoses, what comes through is the vaccine and it should be applied subcutaneously in an area where the skin is healthy. Obviously, this remedy is not popular because there is no money for the pharmaceutical industry in it. Salting your food to taste and adding a pinch of good salt to 250 ml of water or tea is also a great way to boost immune system.

  • @pritamkar9554
    @pritamkar9554 Před 5 lety +3

    i had TB in my spine few months ago. It was horrible.i cried myself to sleep every night as the disease tooks month just to be diagnosed.i could not eat,walk or sleep properly then.hope this disease gets eradicated from the face of the earth as it has gave me some psychological scars.rough times.

    • @justinfilipovic8939
      @justinfilipovic8939 Před 4 lety

      you mean you hope malnutrition and lack of fresh air and sunlight gets eradicated in other words

  • @alexbollard
    @alexbollard Před 5 lety +9

    I caught TB in July 2018 from taking immunosuppressants for my autoimmune disease. It was truly awful I’m so glad I’m okay now I really apprestiate my health!!! 9 months of antibiotics are over now :))))

    • @lastyhopper2792
      @lastyhopper2792 Před 2 lety

      are you still okay now...
      I've just got symptomatic today.. was coughing up blood this mornin'
      so, may I know what're the drug's name you use (yes, I've already consulted with a doctor and following proper treatment, I'm just curious of your story)

    • @abdullahaslam6356
      @abdullahaslam6356 Před 10 měsíci

      ​@@lastyhopper2792how are you now

  • @marshallschaefer9632
    @marshallschaefer9632 Před 3 lety +2

    RIP my boy arthur

  • @mustafanatheer7018
    @mustafanatheer7018 Před 4 lety +2

    Thank you so much for this lecture 🙂👍🏻...I learn important information about TB