The Gallium Man (melts) - Periodic Table of Videos
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- čas přidán 4. 06. 2023
- We melt a man made of Gallium - and then torch a Lego Professor!
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From the School of Chemistry at The University of Nottingham: bit.ly/NottChem
This episode was also generously supported by The Gatsby Charitable Foundation
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Music by Alan Stewart
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how lego prof resisted nitro cooling makes total sense, I recall a story how some scientists were doing experiments near absolute zero and all materials they used changed in dimensions and lost temperature ... until they tried lego
Found it: Both superconductors and quantum computers need extremely low temperatures to function. This requires the use of materials that transfer heat as slowly as possible in order to maintain the low temperatures for as long as possible. It turns out that the plastic used to make Lego blocks, combined with their unique interlocking shape, fits this bill perfectly
No Thanls 🙂
Would the professor like to explain what cubane is?
So nice of Neil to pretend as though his strength has limits, so-as not to intimidate the rest of us.
yes. humble but not braggish.
that is the most important part
Gallium is the tutorial version of mercury
True Neutral version.
And mercury is the hardcore version of gallium.
Except you can eat it
@@nigerianprince6638 You can eat either one. But I wouldn't advise you to do it.
And the stupidly sticky version.
Neil's jealousy of not having a lego lookalike of his own has culminated into a total destruction.
All he had to do was pop its' little hair piece off. 🥺
"For science."
What did the Lego Professor do to deserve this?
I know
The T-0.001 _didn't_ melt from the bottom first, though. You can see the head melting (and the metal pooling at the bottom) while the feet are still intact inside that pool (once the feet start to melt, it can't stand up).
but, to be honest I would not seen that if I stand in lab. In close up video I can see it in lab not
@@kamilguzik3870 This behaviour is easy to see IRL .I have melted many lead items for casting , with a gas flame. Lead behaves exactly the same.
@@PaulG.x if I look from really close I probably seen that, but not standing few steps from it
@@PaulG.x ya, the item kind of deflates. The oxide "skin" on the outside stays intact and the metal melts from the inside and pools at the bottom. At least when melting old lead fishing weights and stuff like to cast new sinkers.
I was thinking there was a skin of gallium oxide and the gallium underneath melted in this "bag" of gallium oxide.
I don't think I would have burnt up the Lego Professor! What a shame!
Torching the Lego Professor made me sad.
You gotta love heat transfer. Reason why it started to melt from the bottom versus the top is because it was sitting on top of a glass petri dish.
I first saw this channel before I was even 10 years old, and now i’m enrolled in university biochemistry.
And miraculously the professor stayed the same age
please don’t tell me the professor has passed
he’s working on better things i bet
🎶Gallium man, gallium man,
Doing the things that gallium can.
What's he like? It's not important
Gallium Man
🪗🪗🪗
*I AM GALLIUM MAAAAN* 🎸
Lego man, Lego man
Lego man hates gallium man
They have a fight, Lego man wins
You’re supposed to shatter it by saying “hasta la vista, baby” then shoot it.
I mean, shooting it with a hair dryer also works if you look as buff as Neil.
@@kasane1337 i read the comments before watching and then Neil walked in casually, in tanktop and suspenders. :D
Or..........GET TO DA CHOPPA!
Prof. you should get a two part cast for the Gallium, so after each demo, you just pour it into cast. And just like the one in the movie it’s hard to kill lol
The dramatic music swells as the gallium Lego Terminator is slowly lowered into a tiny crucible of molten metal.
I actually thought that that was how they would end this video, but instead Neil basically came in and destroyed his toys and handed the remains back when he was done playing around, hah.
Awww you should get a mould and make a new professor with the Gallium
I like how the list showing the melting points of low-melting metals has gallium, and then a series of metals you PROBABLY don't want to touch. Rubidium: you might be able to melt it in your hand if you have a bad fever, but it'll be the last thing you do. Cesium: you'll easily melt it in your hand, and then the moisture from your skin will be enough for an explosion. Mercury: it's already liquid, but also please don't touch it with your bare hands!
True 😂 I guess that's the allure of gallium, the only liquid metal you can touch safely.
After following Dr. Brady Haran for years, I'm happy to say the content is still cutting edge and phenomenal. Good to see you and the professor in good health.
I'm also certain that this was just a good excuse to hang out with good friends, sneak in a cheeky star wars bit, and enjoy some time back at Nottingham.
I sit here in the sofa shop wearing white gloves and bearing my Tim name tag, watching my official tommyball broadcast.
Love the work you do man, and I hope your family is well.
So what you actually need is a mold, so you can make an infinite number of gallium professors!
About the melting from the bottom first: when I tried to melt down aluminium-cables in the furnace of our lab, I noticed that the Aluminium would stay seemingouroly intact because of the oxidelayer. Only when you pour it out of the crucible you would notice that it had melted. My theory is that the gallium man undergoes the same phenomenon but the molten material puours out of the bottom because the gravitational pressure of the molten material is there the greatest and breaks the oxide layer on the feet apart first.
not really related to the science but Neil's outfit in this video is on point
if it only took a hairdryer to melt the terminator, and a gas flame to melt the professor,
that makes the prof tougher than the terminator :)
“You were the chosen one!” 😂😂😂
Darth Poliakoff?
For the first time ever, I see Neli didn't wear a lab coat 😂
Today's braces were very rock and roll! 👍😎
The wifebeater and pride keychain was a surprising twist!
@@Lauraphoid Sadly, why bring that mafia culture even here
I think the reason it appears to have melted from the bottom is that it, in fact, melted at the top and then ran down the sides of the remaining solid model, pushed along by the wind of the hair dryer.
I think it was flowing between the solid metal and a thin oxide layer
@@tovenaartinus This is the right thing, Gallium makes a small passivation oxide layer, so the outside kept some structure as the inside melted out.
I think it's the dish... i can imagine that creating a higher pressure air pocket at the bottom which transfers the heat better
And maybe gravity
surface tension
Viewer from the beginning here, Neil was always my favorite. The lanyard just confirms that even more. Neil is the hidden star of this channel. Glory to Neil!!!
Actually, the lanyard made me lose respect for him. Keep it about the science please - I don't care for your (abhorrent) politics.
@@wonderpookie Agreed. It amazes me when scientists lose all their ability to be objective in light of philosophy and belief and go with feelings.
@@wonderpookie And we dont care for your bigotry.
@@wonderpookie Seeing as you apparently view equality as "abhorrent politics," your respect wasn't worth anything anyway.
Glory to Neil
Hi there, Maybe the reason of the melting from the bottom is that at first there was melting from the top and that melted Gallium went down and concentrated at the legs and feet. Maybe that melted Gallium absorbes energy faster then still solid Gallium and thus heating up the legs and feet much faster then only the heat from the dryer on top did.
It's a double feature - the liquidated T-1000 from _Terminator 2,_ and _The Terminator_ burning from the trailer explosion (minus the endoskeleton recovery).
Note to self: Do not send toys to Sir Poliakoff if you want them to remain intact
Rest in Peace, Lego Professor.
"Even Neil has a limit to his strength..."
*cue Neil's guns*
At this point somebody needs to make a compilation of things the Professor has said about Neil.
@@stevelknievel4183 don't have that but I didn't once compile a playlist of every video Neil speaks in years ago let's see if that was on this account
This is hysterical! Thank you!
From the first video I fell in love with this channel... What a joy to see such intelligent and absolutely charming person...
If you look closely, especially if you've handled gallium before, you can actually spot that the gallium that pools at the bottom actually does originate from the top. The only reason it isn't immediately obvious is because tends to form a kind of skin (I believe an outer oxide layer) and when it first starts melting, the melt tends to occur underneath that skin while the skin itself can remain intact for a minute. So if you look closely, you can see an initial thinning of the material on the head, and the movement of material down to base, where it then breaches the oxide layer, creating the appearance that it's melting from the bottom
Thank you so much for sharing your knowledge and experiments with the world.
I'm going to start a vocational training as a chemical laborant or in German Berufsausbildung zum Chemielaborant (there is no specific translation into English).
And yes, your Videos are part of my wish and motivation to do that.
I'm now 30 yrs old, have already learned (3.5 yrs to exam since I was 16 after 10yrs of school) construction mechanic and worked as such. But I always loved chemistry. That was weird in school. I was the only student who was happy to learn in that subject.
This autumn I'll start my new way and just wanted to say THANK YOU ALL
in the US we'd probably say "lab worker," or "lab technician." unless you mean the "vocational training," part. that's a really broad category of schooling and/ or training to us, so we dont have a more specific term. other english dialects may differ.
Love the video and also Neil's lanyard! :) Kinda poetic watching people in the comments melt like gallium upon seeing it 😂
I love the color red friends
John Connor has approved the melting of this Terminator
I love all these guys! I could literally watch videos like this every moment of every day.
They should post an address where we can mail lego professors and they'll have enough to make a new video every day lol.
"I'll be back" *melts into a pool of gallium*
It looked to me like there was a thin layer of gallium oxide on the outside of the terminator figure. The inside melted under the oxide layer and pooled down at the feet. While Galium has a low mt, galium oxide mt is rather high comparatively.
Not the usual Periodic Video, nice little switcheroo. 1:45 Come on Neil, it's not dry yet put it on full blast!.. :D
The petridish trapped the hot airdue to the curtain and it being at 90 degrees also helped it getting hotter then the head
Simply wonderful! Thank you all.
been watching these guys for a decade and they have educated me so much. thank you so much Professor and the crew
That posture will tax any human beings strength
Just as I thought "YOU WE'RE THE CHOSEN ONE!" it played the sound bite... nice editing
Gallium behaves similarly to aluminum. There is a passivating oxide layer that prevents the molten metal from flowing out. You can think of it like a chocolate bar in a wrapper. The chocolate may be melted, but the wrapper (oxide layer) prevents the chocolate from going everywhere because it has a higher melting point than the chocolate/gallium. However, as a break in the oxide layer occurs, the molten gallium begins to pool, because the oxide layer is not necessarily very strong. If you demonstrate the melting of an ingot of aluminum, you'll see the same behavior.
Neil is a savage with that blowtorch lol
And the dodgy hairdryer 😂
Neil just being completely unable to contain his chadliness
Such a cool and fun video!
Gallium has several important usages:
1. Semiconductors: as a dopant and also a substrate in the form of gallium arsenide.
2. Alloying agent with plutonium in nuclear bombs.
Plutonium has several crystalline allotropes and seems to switch between them uncontrollably. Alloying plutonium with gallium gives a material with reliable and stable properties.
You forgot the most important usage
GaN chargers!
gallium nitride is used in phone chargers aswell as quality laptop chargers, its way more efficient and way smaller than previous chargers.
It makes sense why it would start melting at the bottom rather than at the top because the air was blowing down on top of it but it was collecting in the petri dish therefore the majority of the heat was swirling around at the bottom of the dish heating the bottom faster than at the top.
I love when this channel drops a video
niel is absolutely shredded
Gallium Man, Gallium Man. Doing the things that Gallium can. Why he melts? Nobody knows, Gallium Man!
That cold open! 😂😂😂
so cool. I was watching the talk when Andreas gave you the lego model !!!
Q: Is this a prequel for the next Terminator movie? "ENTER THE LEGOMENTOR!"
Neil used 1% of his power to show his hairdryer skills.
Did you round that up, it was a neat non zero integer?
Can't wait for M. Gira to play The Gallium Man on the next Swans album
Your videos have been a contant source of joy professor
... and THIS is why we can't give nice things to the Professor.
"You were the chosen one!" 😅
The hot air blew down from the top, yet. BUT, it was blowing against the petri dish, which consequentially heated up. The dish got pretty warm due to the larger surface area in the hot stream and probably the conduction from the dish to the figure was larger than the heating via the air.
Haircut looks good, Professor!
"The final meltdown" - to the tune of "The final countdown"
Great video thanks for sharing
If you let a bunch of kids loose in the laboratory, they would do the exact same thing.
One of those moments that doesn't look as cool as you imagined.
I think it's melting from everywhere, but the liquid is just flowing down and pooling at the bottom.
The Professor was the Fireman today
Make a mold of a lego man, fill up mold with warm gallium, cool the gallium. Boom, terminator restored!
I didn't know you were allow to carry guns to a chemistry lab!
The red suspenders are dope!
When our Robotic overloads come, they will be comming for revenge. You can be sure of it, Neil.
Looks like the metal on the inside melted and the oxidation layer or what that skin is, hold the form together. Probably higher melting point
Hello Professor! I really enjoy your videos.
I had no idea Neil had such guns!! 💪🏼 😳
If it did melt bottom first it would most likely be caused by the plate acting as a heat sink.
Does Neil wear those badass red suspenders over a singlet under his lab coat at all times? Please we must know!
2:40 I think the heat camera explains why it melted from the bottom. Looks like the container absorbed much more than the gallium did. This would transfer through the bottom of the figure and cause it to melt first.
It looks like the glass Petri dish was hotter than the metal figure in the thermal imaging camera - maybe the hot glass melted the gallium from the bottom faster than the hot air from the top?
excellent interjection around 4:40+ !
Who knew Neil was such a bad-ass dresser under that lab coat?
The Professor will inevitably bring about Cyberdyne System model T3000 of Hemimetipolyalloy. That's how it started before it began
ITS90 defined melting point of gallium: 29.7646 °C. It's one of the primary temperatures I use the lab. 😀
Love that the last few minutes is three grown men destroying a Lego man. But I would have absolutely participated as well!
Gallium is not the only metal that can be liquid at low temperature, there are alloys such as Wood's metal or Rose metal, there are parts of Terminator 2 that look like mercury was used.
Gallium is a very fun metal to play with. It also has some interesting properties.
Yes, one property is expanding on freezing, like water, instead of contracting like almost all metals. So if you pour molten gallium into a glass bottle, that expansion could crack the bottle when it cools and solidifies. That is why it is usually supplied in plastic bottles.
We need a live stream of the Prof watching and commentating on Terminator 2 now
Actually thought the liquid gallium was going to cover “the Professor” and and the two would have become one. I liked the Professor.
Damn. Neil has massive arms
Perhaps there is either oxidized Gallium or even Nitrogen in the mix to make the hull ofthe figuring melt at a higher temperature than the core?
2:25 I think because the hair drier was heating the glass underneath quicker due to the larger surface area, and that transferred heat to the legs.
Bullies, melting the professor's toys!
It's OK Neil, it's been a while since I was a spring chicken too buddy.
Watch these guys just solve some kind of hyper space conductivity based on a gallium lego man.
make a mould of a lego professor and pour liquefied gallium into it
Andres ... from the Royal Institution, Andres! Yay! Gives me the idea that an Andrew Szydlo/Martyn Poliakoff "crossover" would be pretty damned cool ...
EDIT: Time-reversal is real. All Newtonian physics is time-reversal invariant, and subject to reciprocity. If you could impart a time-reversed equivalent of every force exerted on the Galliuminator and the Professor, you really could have them back.
I actually heard of gallium because of Terminator 2. I definitely recommend you see the first two if you haven't, I dunno about 3 and after though.
Neil should make some plastic bag bathtub juice
Thermal imaging is deceptive with metals because they're bad black body radiators. Most of the information from their surface is reflected from the surrounding environment. I think the bottom of the metal was reflecting the heat from the bottom of the dish more than being hotter than the metal above it.
OMG periodic videos uploaded!!