Ranking Energetic Compounds with
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- čas přidán 10. 06. 2024
- In this video, Tom and I rank several notable energetic compounds!
Links to Tom's Channels:
Explosions&Fire - / explosionsfire2
Extractions&Ire - / extractionsire
/ thatchemist
Community Discord - / discord
“Feel free to look up where your nearest ammonium nitrate stockpile is and how far you live from it” 19:40
Ok lol this isn’t the best of advice um maybe google this on a friend’s computer or something….
Anyway thanks for having me on mate!
I almost have to work daily with it. But our company is trying to replace it.
I lived half half a kilometer from Dyno Nobel in Ulster Park NY for a while, didn't have to Google it, practically drove through the parking lot on the way home every day..
Thought better than to stop and knock on the door asking questions though.
We are greedy people we need more
What about Chlorine Trifluoride?
Wikipedia has a page on ammonium nitrate disasters, which goes back more than a century: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ammonium_nitrate_disasters .
I love how nitroglycerin's structure is "ONO ONO ONO" which is what you would say when it detonates in your face while making it.
OONO ONOO ONOO
O=N(=O)OCC(N(=O)=O)CN(=O)=O
I hope to live to see the day when brand new elements are synthesised to create the compound "YOKO-ONO", and have it be even more unstable to incentivise staying away from it lest it take your life and your money.
@@nicholasbradshawyttrium, oxygen, potassium, another oxygen
I hope it's an explosive.
"Water. Water isn't really an explossive, but it's in soda, so S tier"
100%
Don’t underestimate Steam Explosions.
@@janmelantu7490 a traditional espresso pot (we call it a press idk how to describe it) once exploded on me 12 years ago
I'm still scared of coffee
soda is pretty dang explosive sometimes
It's responsible for the Mythbusters water heater BLEVEs. That has to count for something.
Some of the ammonium nitrate incidents are hilariously tragic and involve bright ideas like "Our ammonium nitrate stockpile got damp and clumped together really hard, let's use dynamite to blast it apart"
Storing a big pile of confiscated fireworks in the same warehouse in Lebanon's harbour as the big pile of confiscated ammonium nitrate was obviously also a really good idea.
@@MatthijsvanDuin i read an article about the investigation findings of the Beirut explotion and it's just "the warehouse was basically a jumbo sized IED waiting to explode"
The Takata airbags would be pretty high up that list for me. They basically just replaced the NaN3 with NH4NO3 and expected it to remain stable for the lifetime of the car. Needless to say, people were pretty unhappy to find they'd been driving around with a shotgun pointed at their face as a safety device.
Aerotech Rockets had a relatively small fire years ago, until the local Fire Department decided to help. Ignoring the training Aerotech had provided, they sprayed water on the powdered magnesium stockpile for safety…. I saw video shot from 15 or 20 miles away showing when the ammonium perchlorate storage went up.
😂
"A ring of 20 chlorines."
I don't care what you have to do with the charges. A chlorine dodecahedron would be awesome.
@@U20E0 Wouldn't that be really unstable and disintegrate at the slightest tap?
@@nikkiofthevalley not even a tap needed, a single photon would make it go boom
Some carborane superacids are highly chlorinated, but I think that's 11 or 12 chlorines
@@dexter2392 It would be extremely unstable even in Bose-Einstein condensate form
If C2N14, C2N16 and KTX-50 all came from the same lab, it's a wonder the place is still standing at this point.
I'm not so interested who works at that insane asylum, but I really, really want to know who provides their funding.
@@sharpfang You mean the funds to rebuild it on a regular basis. ;-)
@@drtidrow The amounts produced are insufficient to level the building, but all equipment, no matter how complex and expensive must be treated as single-use disposable.
@@sharpfang Department of Defense. The DoD *loves* it some explosives. They figure eventually that lab will produce something really, really energetic that doesn't decompose when someone looks at it funny.
@@napoleontheclown Hmm, I don't think substituting even more carbons with nitrogens is a step towards that goal.
Nitroglycerin really should be S tier, it's been held in high esteem in many people's hearts in a very literal sense
Please, a follow-up tier list on the worst yellow chemistry!
Great work and a great video, glad to see E&F on here!
Tom is a great guy :D
all yellow chem f tier
@@That_Chemist What about Chlorine Trifluoride?
@@noneofyourbusiness4133 Chlorine trifluoride doesn't seem to want to blow up on its own. It WILL go out of its way to find things to explode with.
I think Tom got confused because B-tier was yellow. Maybe when the yellow chem tier list comes out, have each tier in progressively more sickening shades of yellow.
Octaazacubane has gotta be one of my favorite hypothetical futuristic explosives. It's like someone just asked "what do explosives look like," heard "Too many nitrogens and ring strain" and made a molecule that is JUST nitrogen and ring strain.
Needs more nitro groups and an azide for flavour.
How about tetranitro, tetra-azo cubane C8(NO2)4(N3)4 upon initiation you will get 8 CO and 14 N2 ring strain nitrogens and nice oxygen balance. It also would be relatively stable till set off with an ungodly Vdet value. 😲💩🌅
@@christopherleubner6633 Where did you get the last 12 N atoms?
Li Nitride is nasty and very unpredictable. If you neglect a chunk of Li, the nitride might form. We used to receive "bad" Li ingots returned from customers. The 2 pound ingot might look like Li when you unpack it but when you lift it you become aware that it weighs a lot more then 2 pounds. At that point you might see some purple spots on the underside and you realize what a crazy beast you have in your hand. The most insane thing about Li nitride is that we used to make it for some customer, but stopped when a piece of it took out a fork lift.
yikes!!!
Chemists: how much nitrogen u want?
C2N16: YES
Oops all nitrogen!
No one in that lab has all their fingers
@@condor237 That’s why God gave you spares.
I want a cubane where all the CH are replaced by N...
@@edi9892 Ka-boom
Briefly thought "Hey, why don't you (Tom, since that's his trade) make the XeF4 yourself? If you can get xenon and some fluorine source you should be all set, right?"
Then realized "Wait... 'some fluorine source' actually means elemental fluorine...
...and elemental fluorine is a big NOPE for most chemists with a sense of self-preservation...
...especially for chemists working in a DIY shed instead of an actual lab".
.
.
.
(also fluorine is kinda yellow, isn't it...)
.
.
.
welp, let's hope someone's got some mystery stockpile of XeF4 that Tom can work with.
"All yellow chemistry is TRASH" Always heed tom's advice 🤣🤣
FOX-7 sounds like the prototype of a substance created in a Metal Gear game. Loved the collab btw ;)
Cooler than PIS-1
For the nitroglycerin, I'm just hearing when Tom said "These days I'm fucking jaded and can't get excited over an explosive unless it's fucked up and has a det velocity over 8000 m/s or tentacles or some shit" in my head as he's shitting on it.
Nitroglycerine has to be S as the OG of explosives. Nobel had severe headaches, his brother died, they had a 10+ foot fence around their house, and they had to have wood ducts in plant.
Bro FOOF is used to oxidize Plutonium at ultra low Temps to PuF6. Extremely important in nuclear science.
This classifies as one of the top ten crossovers ever. Two of my favorite youtube chemists making a tier list about energetic compounds together, truly a gift from Staudinger and Edmund Davy themselves.
Aqueous solution of picric acid is actually good for first- and second-degree burns, esp. sunburn. It's very bitter ('pikros' is Greek for 'bitter'), and it is, of course, evil yellow.
Interesting
I just met Prof. Klapötke last week and he is ... let's say special. But the chemistry that they do is phenomenal. How many nitrogen can a compound contain? All ...
His picture is the one that goes along with the "mad scientist" definition in the dictionary, right? ;-)
the chemistry youtuber-verse is expanding
One sub at a time :)
so glad to see a collab with tom, especially on an energetics episode!
A fun tierlist would be an evaluation of everything in Derek Lowe's Things I Won't Work With column, preferably as a collaboration with Derek Lowe.
Chlorine trifluoride better be at least A-tier. XD
Never seen this channel before, yet I can't resist Tom. However, you won my heart when you mentioned fluorine.
Fluorine is what I do
C2N16 looks insane. It's like the meth-head of nitrogen compounds.
"What is wrong with people who synthesize these, and who in the world finances their lab costs?" (pretty sure the salaries are completely optional. Whoever makes them has so little regard for own life that money is likely completely out of picture, it's all about pushing the insanity further.)
@@sharpfang Sounds like they're just doing it on a dare.
@@Valdagast Yeah, but who'd finance their sport?
@@sharpfang I like to think they were drunk one night and someone dared them, they promised and now they're stubborn to pull out.
@@Valdagast The chemists - I can take that, although I prefer to imagine a manical grin and insane spark in the eye, and occasional laughter of a mad genius (if far enough from the compound not to detonate it with sound of the laughter).
No, what I mean is they probably work at some university or a firm. And they have a manager / department head, and more people above them approving the funds. And if they need a new spectrometer every month, because the light necessary for spectral analysis causes the compound to explode and take the spectrometer with it. this sort of expense is going to make people up the foodchain ask questions.
In missing compounds: Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate, Lead Azide, Triacetone Triperoxide.
TATP was intentionally left out - it has a bad rep
@@That_Chemist Too bad, a lot of explosives have bad reputations, even azides are avoided by a lot of chemists. What do you think about diazomethane, it has kind of a bad reputation, but it is still used a lot in many labs
@@That_Chemist S-Tier streetcred*
@@That_Chemist but HMTD 🤔
@@gluesniffingdude yeah Tom convinced me to include that one
This video has great energy
haha
an ignition in a picric acid store caused the Low Moor fire of 1916, which raged for several weeks, destroyed several streets, killed dozens of firefighters and civilians, and is still the worst industrial disaster in British history
Picric acid also needs to get some infamy for the Halifax explosion
@@00bean00 2300t picric acid, 200t TNT, 63t nitro cellulose, 35t benzene
@@Alterraboo That's a lot of explosives. 😅
The Port of Seattle is famously closed-mouth about what materials they handle and warehouse.
They have many shipping clients in the Defense and Aerospace industries.
They handle thousands of tons of grain from eastern Washington every day, no doubt fertilizer used to grow that grain is being handled as well.
There very well could be tons of AN within three miles of my home, and I'd never know.
that is slightly terrifying
@@That_Chemist "Slightly" is an understatement. With how bad that city's getting, it's only a matter of time before that port goes boom. 😰
Cl-20, but it’s a carbon dodecahedron with each of the vertices having a chlorine
Congrats on the monetization!
Thank you!!
best crossover since ex&f + hamilton morris
I noticed Tom was being very careful about what he said through most of the discussion :)
The nature of his work lol
This colab should help get your #'s up!!
One of the top two reasons people start getting into chemistry!!
Hell yeah, already know this video is gonna be the bomb!
Ex&F cries in ocatanitrocubane
Whooo, go Tom. Needs more cooking streaming and a rating of can it be made in a plastic cup.
While nitromethane on its own is tame in comparison to the others on the list, if you do a 95:5 ratio of NM and ethylenediamine you’ll get a binary explosive that’s called PLX.
Tech Ingredients has a good video on the topic aptly named “DO NOT TRY THIS AT HOME” if you’re interested in more info.
…And for no reason at all flea-bay suddenly stopped selling pure nitromethane right after his video came out.
Bring back your uploads I haven't seen you in AGES
yeah dude we miss you
Gaygay Gaygaygay
Ya, nitromethane got mixed in with the explosive regulations that came around in the later 2010’s it is a lot harder to buy now as it’s production is highly regulated now.
@@NickTrouble ya its become this weird greymarket in drag racing cause even tho racers are supposed to supply their own nitrometh because their getting paid for apperances which makes it commercial
Next Collab: Best Pee Chemical w/ NileRed
This was a fun & cool tier-list! Hope to see more future collabs with other Chem/Chem-related channels! I was looking at C2N16 like “WTF, how the hell does that exist? Let alone synthesize/making it?” Then my imagination started thinking about what if something like C2N20 could be made or what about the nitrogen analog of Cubane lololol
I hope to do more as well! We all happen to be fairly space out - I live near a few other YT people, but our areas vary a bit too much (ImKibitz, LTT, ElectroBoom)
@@That_Chemist we'd probably all like to see a nile red Collab
I found your channel recently (before the new channel) and have loved every video. As a long fan of Tom, this video makes this discovery even better!
Welcome aboard!
I love how by putting nitro groups you can turn a normal molecule into one that is very spooky
I understand we're focused on the energetic properties here but I'm still surprised we didn't mention the historical (and current) medical importance of nitroglycerin as a differentiator to justify it's ranking.
A good video, nice that Tom from Ex&F is on. With the DBX-1 Copper Nitro-tetrazole; if sodium nitro-tetrazole is NaNTZ and Silver nitro-tetrazole is AgNTZ, wouldn't that make copper nitro-tetrazole... Oh no XD
Also, where's nitrocellulose? That's a very cool explosive for the simple reason you're literally getting a chunk of a tree and turning it into an explosive!
We need more collabs with you two!
slightly memey suggestion here, but one worth considering for if you ever fancy an influx of scientifically minded nerds to ensnare into discovering the joys of organic chemistry...
Compounds that have been used or proposed for use in rocketry. Rocket fuels, basically, hypergolic or otherwise. Some of them have use cases outside of rocketry that would be cool to touch on for a spot of community education, and getting Scott Manley in on it would be a huge boon (I'm sure he'd enjoy the experience regardless of how much experience he has in chemistry!)
I’m currently reading the audiobook of Ignition! and-humorous storytelling style aside-I’ve gotta say, I’ve come away extremely fascinated by the sheer variety and quantity of different compounds that were being worked on, either proposed and/or actually synthesized, during the ‘50s and ‘60s. It’s pretty incredible.
I also feel really sad every time the author starts talking about yet another interesting family of super-promising compounds, since I know in the back of my head that approximately zero of them were ever actually used, because in reality everyone ended up just settling on the same boring collection of things: hydrazine/MMH/UDMH + nitric acid/N2O4; and kerosene/LH2 + LOX; and that’s pretty much it. (Okay, maybe an occasional dash of hydrogen peroxide or ethanol thrown in for thrusters or for certain dinosaur-heritage Russian engine turbopumps. Oh, and I hear that a highly exotic new fuel called “methane” is just now coming into vogue, 70 years later, lol.)
It’s such a disappointment when you know just how many other compounds were out there. And sure, a lot of them would’ve been problematic in practice; but there were quite a few that sound like they could have been very competitive and might easily have displaced the super-dominant hydrazine hypergolic hegemony, had it not been for a few key early decisions to go with hydrazines-decisions that were quickly cemented into place with “we’ve always done things this way, and we know how to handle these things, so why risk doing anything different”. 😔
Mercury Fulminate was used to make the "this is not meth" explosion in breaking bad
That's the only reason I ever heard of it.
Are you okay?
Me, eating reheated pasta while high and procrastinating finishing my thesis watching 2 people discussing explosives on the internet: yeah, great actually
Actually we were discussing ‘energetic compounds’
@@That_Chemist definitely sounds cooler with energetic compounds, I'm not making stuff explode, I'm testing what happens when exposed to highly energetic compounds after watching them wrong for 3 seconds and saying that there's too much yellow in them
I've never heard Tom's voice so clearly. Its almost weird-feeling
this has made my day! you guys are top tier awesome
Thanks :)
AMAZING!! two of my favorites making a tierlist video! this was wonderful!!!
Glad you enjoyed it!
S+ collab, S+++ explosives.
Xenon trifluoroacetate and xenon trioxide have xenon in them. They're automatically S+.
Pentazenium and pentazolate are S+, so are Upgraded™Azidoazide Azide (C2N16) and the OG™ Azidoazide Azide.
You two nerds are adorable. Love it. 😊
You guys should talk about TATP
copper acetylide = S-tier, it explodes without gaseous products!
Mercury fulminate is the barbershop quartet of explosives
I've been waiting for this tier list forever
Surprised I only got this recommendation a month after the release. Love this collaboration!
Glad to hear it :)
I have been so excited for this one! Love you two!
Hope you enjoyed it!
After binge watching nearly all of Ex&F and Ex&I now CZcams recommends me this channel/video with only 4 weeks delay... Nice, the algorithms are learning xD
Hooray!
I KNEW Explosions&Fire would be behind this the second I saw the title.
Amazing seeing you two together in one video!
it was worth waiting for the placement of the cube compound screaming "no" at me
Greeeeeat video indeed! Appreeeeciated! There's also some suggested compounds related to furazans or furoxans, also some -SF5 containing molecules. Plus, organic perchlorates are terrifying.
SF5-energetic compounds?
TNT should have been C tier since it's in Minecraft, the C tier is short for Creeper and it's even green like one
True
Love to see the collab with my favourite chemtuber!
The one compound I strongly disagree on is ethylene. Yes it can explode violently but it needs a good mixture of fuel and oxygen to do anything. It's not inherently unstable by itself. None of the other compounds have that (except the non explosive F-tier). So I'll go E-tier for ethylene.
Can't it decompose into soot and hydrogen all by it self?
Love watching explosions & fire CZcams channel awesome videos thanks for sharing everything with us very interesting
Klapotke is a madman
In the best possible way
Ironically, one of the reasons TNT remains popular as a military explosive is how safe it is. There were reports from burning aircraft carriers in WW2 of the TNT melting out of bombs and liquid TNT running across the decks without exploding.
Soooo glad you got this Collab
interesting Im in Brissy all nitric acid and ammonium nitrate products were totally removed to more remote areas after the teaxas explosion
i know its not an explosive use but calcium carbide (generating acetylene) being used in old miners lamps is pretty cool
Truly the best Expert for the Dank Stuff
Amazing collaboration!!! Love your videos!! Thank you🤩🤩🤩
Thank you so much 🤗
Greatest amine crossover!
11:03 I think that it’s important to note that Alfred Nobel created the Nobel prizes as a way to counteract all of the destruction that nitroglycerin caused. He did it because he was ashamed of having created a weapon. He created the Nobel prizes to make up for all the damage his invention had done.
In Poland blowing up acetylene barrels is a National Tradition
Excited to see some Nile green parody videos of your tier lists videos.
I have been anticipating it
He is just Mr Green now. He has been unleashed and I can't wait to see all of you end up in Mark Rober's basement for his next video.
This is awesome I love the collab.
10:30 he talks about Carbide Shooting, "Karbidschießen" in German. You put a piece of Calcium Carbide and Water into a drum and light it on fire. Don't try at home.
...how big is the kaboom? 😅
I didn't know that about airbags. Neat. there's something amusing as a lay person about listening to a chemist assign "street cred" to molecules. :)
You aren't giving picric acid its proper respect. It's a distinguished old steampunk WW1 veteran. Made in huge quantities and shipped in bulk freighters, it caused a number of disasters during WW1.
Nitromethane: go watch some NHRA top fuel dragsters 😁
Silver nitride: snap caps! Used to have those as a kid all the time.
Noisemakers are silver fulminate though, not silver nitride
Two of the best Chem channels on the platform collabing? Yessir!
Right after the Beirut Ammonium Nitrate explosion, 2750 tons... They immediately decided to split up a stockpile of 3000 tons only 13km away from here... Who knew...
need a couple more really badass explosives from the 60s
This collab was an easy S tier
Thank you :)
Omg this is the collab I was secretly dreaming of!
Thanks for the heart! I do want to mention that the volume was a bit too low in this one, though. Idk if anyone else had this problem, but I had to keep turning my volume way up and then whenever an ad would play it would blow out my ears like a garbage bag full of acetylene, (exaggerating of course lol). Especially since I was cleaning while listening and kept having to dry my hands lol.
(I'm currently using the actual official youtube android app, so no adblocker when I'm on here)
Had a big ol' Ammonium Nitrate factory just outside of my home town. Driving past it always spooked me but thinking back, if it did go tits up I don't think the city would have survived the explosion.
Edit: This factory produces 500,000 Tonnes/year, the Beirut explosion was only 2,750 tonnes
Oh, schist!
So THIS is what he’s doing while he should be working on that McD nitrate….
two awesome chem channels, didn't know you guys collabed. awesome!
You’ll see more from me and Tom in the vlog I’m working on
@@That_Chemist nice, can't wait. after watching this, i went and re watched his video on hydrogen peroxide, he is hilarious. "what's the deal with phosphorous pentoxide?" lol
"Disintegration" is such a negative term. We prefer the description, "molecular emancipation".
I have tinnitus too from when I dropped a lit match into an antique black powder flask when I was about 6 or 7 years old. Dad had tipped all the powder he thought was in it and burnt it but it was obviously still full of encrusted powder as when I dropped the match in the spout nothing happened for a brief second then WHOOSH! BOOM!. Amazingly neither my mate or I were wounded. We think that we must have had the seam that the 2 halves were made from pointed at each of us and all the frag shot out between us and up in the air. There were some jagged bits of rusty metal in the weather boards at the back of the house and broken windows. Luckily it is less than a ringing tinnitus than a constant soft buzz. My hearing is terrible though. Generally I watch movies with subtitles or the volume up really high. Luckily it was only black powder.
Nitromethane's biggest street cred is being what makes top fuel and funny car dragsters haul ass like they do. It's when you mix the nitro with Hydrazine that you get something that'll REALLY go bang, though doing that has been banned at all NHRA events for over 50 years due to safety concerns.
If you redefine "street cred" as Practicality, then ammonium nitrate, TNT, RDX/HMX, and nitroglycerine would be at the top, and all those fancy multinitrogen molecules at the top here would instead be at the bottom IMO. Plus, there's this: The more sensitive an explosive is, the less useful it is. Example - the only use for nitrogen triiodide is the lab demonstration of "touch it with a feather" and silver fulminate in tiny amounts in "bang snaps" - those paper-wrapped things you throw on the floor and they make a small explosive.
i mean street cred is all about bling so
But that would put all primary explosives on low tier... and without them, all secondaries are useless
@@mduckernz ok, good point. But what _are_ today’s primary explosives? Mercury Fulminate and Lead Azide are on the way out because of their toxicity.
@@joeylawn36111 As far as I'm aware the next gen primaries that are going through full development for LA replacement are tetrazole derivatives. DBX and BNCP were the top candidates last I checked.
@@mduckernz Thanks. Looked up and found BNCP, but what is DBX? A more quiet explosive? ;) (from the audio company who does noise reduction)
Chemists and the phrase "street cred" do not combine.
Suggestion for a tier list: worst combinations of 2 chemicals, based on the resulting hazards.
Plutonium thermite. Yes that's a thing.
@@Yaivenov It seems highly unlikely that the thermite could assemble a critical mass of Pu quickly enough to make a nuclear explosive hazard. Although a liquid critical reactor that shoots radiation everywhere and stays so hot it bores a deep hole in the floor might be doable...
I think something involving HEU that's basically a gun type assembly by alternative means is more likely to successfully cause a fizzle. Although I don't see how you could get a high yield explosion without a more potent neutron source, since usually a single neutron can't reproduce fast enough to cause nuclear yield level explosions.
i’ve been watching these videos so much the tierlist is starting to burn in on my screen
*THIS* is the YT collab we need!
27:40 nitromethane is used as fuel for 300 mph dragsters though that certainly is a niche market
I remember reading about CL-20 and how it's being considered as a solid propellant for missiles since it doesn't produce any smoke.