Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) - Symptoms, Pathogenesis, Diagnosis - Down Syndrome - Hematology
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- čas přidán 10. 07. 2024
- Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) is a malignant neoplasm (cancer) of the blood and the bone marrow. It can lead to anemia, and thrombocytopenia.
Acute Lymphoid Leukemia (ALL) - Symptoms, Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, Down Syndrome - tDt positive
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►👨🏫💊Antibiotics Lectures: www.medicosisperfectionalis.c... ... Check out my brand new "Electrolytes" course at www.medicosisperfectionalis.c... and use the PROMO code: ELECTROLYTES50 to get a 50% discount. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is an acute leukemia: the malignant cells are less mature.
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is a lymphoid leukemia, so the malignant cells are of the lymphoid origin...ALL is associated with trisomy 21 (Down's syndrome).
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I've reached a new level where I watch your videos for fun.
😁😁😁
It says a lot about you.
You are a great person who is passionate about knowledge and education...I am honored...Thank you 😊
SAME HERE I LOVE YOUR COMMENTARIES 😂
Thanks a million!
YES YES I was about to comment the Same thanks a lot MEDICOSIS
Me too!
Thank you once again. A doctor who once doctored my husband passed away from ALL in January, 2021 after one year of treatments. He was 48. So incredibly sad.
You deserve more views! I honestly forget that I am studying when watching your videos. Thanks!
Amazing! Have one month left for my MD Pediatrics exam..your videos have helped me a lot.Thank you so much.
I’m starting to like this hematology thing because of you, thank you for making it so fun to listen to 😂💖
Wow 🤩
likewise
I wish you were my lecturer for all my courses. Very simple, and trust me it takes a lot for me to understand something.
Thank you so much 😊
I appreciate you!
You are absolutely brilliant and really have a gift when it comes to teaching! I have told everyone about your channel and wish you all the success! Thank you so much for your top quality work ❤
Thank you so so so much, dear...I am truly speechless! Thanks 🙏
Great video, so recently my nephew of 5 years of age was diagnosed with PRE-B ALL which was a terrible news for us, we fought through it, his first biopsy showed more than 95% blast cells in his bone marrow, however they didnt make it to his blood stream, and his other test was fine as well some cpf or cpr some spine test to see if the brain is fine or not I dont really know I'm not a doctor,
Anyway, we started off his treatment and immediately even through in his first few weeks of chemotherapy he started showing good improvements like no more bone pains and could start to walk again and do some normal children chores again, we started seeing hope and him being an amazing warrior started battling hard, he started eating a lot which is quite common since his medical team told us because they started giving him steroids and we were happy that our son is doing well diet wise, he has started to gain weight.
Long story short it has only been a bit more than a month into his treatment and his last major biopsy, I call it major because it was supposed to show the percentage of the blast cells in his bone marrow because in that biopsy they also took a tiny bit of his bone as well. The doctors said that the could not calculate the percentage of the blast cells because there number was very less so the machine couldn't calculate it.
There are a few things that I'd like to add here, I'm a bit concerned about how chemo can have effects on reproduction, and also his gene panel showed ETV6-RUNX1 fusion. Anyone that can help me understand a bit would be much appreciated.
Anyway, what my concerns are that is he doing really fine? I mean we can see the improvements in his health but I'm not a doctor so I cannot know for sure, if please you could share some insights. Thanks
One thing that I would like to add here for everyone is Do not lose hope if you are given this horrible disease. Always be hopeful and there is light for sure at the end of the tunnel. Peace
Best teacher ever seen😍
U r far more magnificient than anyone else
Genius u are 👍👍
Stay safe keep going😇
Thank you so much 😊
How do you manage to teach these topics sooooo well when you're not a doc?!!!!!😭😭
I just love ❤️ medicine!
@@MedicosisPerfectionalis you're a genius ❤️❤️❤️ thank you for making these topics so easy for us ❤️
OMG! I just stumbled into your channel and thank God I did! Your videos are really helpful for my board exam preparations. Good work bro 😄
Thanks a million! Good luck to you!
Wow I'm so surprised that you're not a doctor. Your lesson and video are so much better than what I've learn from hospital. Thanks for sharing the knowledge.
My pleasure 😇
I have been referred to a hematologist for my CBC. I had it taken and had a low WBC count (2.8). I waited 2 weeks for another CBC, and it raised to 3.3 (still low). I looked at the CBC, and it indicates that my Neutrophils are quite low and my Lymphocytes are quite high. I’ve had many viral infections (lasting 3+ months), UTIs, and I’ve started to bruise easily. The bruises sometimes take months to go away, despite them being from minor bumps. I also get frequent mouth ulcers. I’m more fatigued than usual, and my bones and joints ache. I felt like my hair was falling out more than usual, so I got a very short haircut out of frustration. I had very long hair and donated it for cancer patients. I noticed my gums bleeding a bit more frequently as well when brushing. I haven’t met with my hematologist yet, but I keep watching videos like these that talk about the levels and their possible meaning. I truly hope I just have an infection and will bounce back. I’m still waiting for a call to make an appointment. I’m getting a little antsy.
You are brilliant, funny, a helper, and a doctor. What else to wish?
Thank you for your contribution !
Thank you so much 😊
he said he's not a doctor...
You are literally a lifesaver, I support you on patreon and owe you so much more
I appreciate you so much!
Oh my Allah... i can't stop laughing each time i watch your videos:
Dr medicosis: ok! If you didn't watch my previous videos, your chance to understand this topic i ZERO! 😂😂😂
Haha 😂
Thank you so much for watching!
@@MedicosisPerfectionalis how do we know the previous videos. There's no outline .please can you direct me. Thanks
@@SylviaAputazie the heme onc playlist fam!
Awesome!!!! Dude where was ur channel all these years.
Hiding in the haystack 😁
very nice lecture simplified easy for internal exam and board exam , you will not concentration for a moment.Thanks alot
My pleasure...thank you:)
Love your videos, extremely helpful and fun to listen to. You’re awesome!
Thank you so much 😊
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Why it's ALL ..it's can be AML also ..please explain..?
Incorporating Ethics was cool :)
I LOVE LOVE LOVE THE WAY YOU EXPLAIN THINGS.
Thank you so much 😊
Medicosis Perfectionalis Btw Im studying Medicine in Alexandria,Egypt. Your home country! May I know where did you study medicine? :)
Incredible way of teaching.. You're a lifesaver bruh♥️
Thank you so much 😊
You have no idea how nice it is to be taught by someone who has a sense of humour and has a genuine interest in the topic. Thank you Mr Perfectionalis 🫡
I appreciate you!
This channel is just wonderful. Thank you so much.
My pleasure 😇
I am honored!
Can you please help me by sharing?
@@MedicosisPerfectionalis sure! 😊
Thank you..Thank you..Thank you
I can't believe you're not a doctor, you know so much that you're basically a doctor. It's a shame you don't treat patients, you would be the best.
How are you not a doctor???
Amazing. Thanks a lot for simplifying ALL. Your hematology videos are 💯💯🔥🔥👏
I like how you incorporated Hme/Onc with Ethics. Good job!
Thank you! Your videos are so helpful!
My pleasure...Thank you for watching!
I went here to understand, why it's hard to get cured of this disease. My family is heartbroken because my older sister's nephew died the other day because of this type of leukemia. I just hope that scientists may find other treatments that have promising results especially when chemo drugs stop working.
A 46-year-old female patient presented with nose bleeding, she had pallor but no icterus or cyanosis, spleen was enlarged 1 cm below the right costal margin and there was mild hepatomegaly. CBC: WBC - 124,2 х 109/L, Band Neutrophils - 5 %, Segmented Neutrophils - 15 %, Monocytes - 10 %, Eosinophils - 0 %, Basophils - 0 %, Lymphocytes - 5 %, Blasts 65 %.
Since they don't mention what kind of blasts there are, what other ways are there to differentiate between ALL and AML?
Thanks ! Was watching this for my review!
My wife and I lost our just turned 2 year old son 7 months ago to Aml. He had MLL gene rearrangement or subtype KMT2A or 11q23. He had a translocation between chromosomes 6 and 11, t(6;11). He received cytarabine, daunorubicin, etoposide, gemtuzumab ozagamicin then mitoxNtrone and cytarabine. He relapsed after the second chemo which signified refractory Aml which had a poor prognosis. Decitabine with mylotarg was then used. He died shortly after from within 4 months of treatment. Some side effects he had were bloody nausea and diahrea. Horrible bloody mouth sores. He was in pain all over. His right eye was covered by a leukemia pool that ended up bleeding.He had a lot of liquid in his lungs which they thought was pnemonia. He ultimately died from a brain bleed within 24 hours caused we think by the chemo.
I’m very sorry to hear 😢
ALL level 3 survivor here. Nice explanation.
Thank you so much!
How is your health now?
@@MedicosisPerfectionalis I got cured in 2005 and I am very much healthy and fit now.
I love you man, you compare and contrast and that's exactly what we need in medicine so much to know so confusing. Philadelphia has always gotten me before but never anymore.
you are doing a good job. God bless you
Thank you so much :)
I am creating a nursing case study question set for RN's preparing for NCLEX-RN and loved your RDW videa as well as the ALL video (also, I am mom to a person with Down syndrome). Can you share a common value of RDW% for a T21 patient with ALL RDW%? I cannot find an actual example value online anywhere for my made up lab report
thank you sooooo much medicos. god bless you
Thanks!
U man just nailed All special pathology Every lecture is awesome...i luv u yrr
❤️❤️
@@MedicosisPerfectionalis U should make page on fb about ur new comming video series..most of people dont know u...Ur channel and method is excellent soon u will be in top ranked...
I really appreciate ur channel existence on CZcams 🥺❤️ Thank u alot
My pleasure 😇
Love to watch your videos ! Great job !
You are so great ! Excellent presentation and very simple😍❤️
Thank you so much 😊
OKAY SO, I have a presentation on this and I wanted to confirm a piece of information with you. So there is the type of classification which divides ALL according to morphology, immunology and genetics (which I want to assume is the same as cytogenetic, correct me if I am wrong). And then there is the classification depending on which lymphocyte precursor is being affected, whether that be the T or B lymphocyte. Anyways, I was planning on using the classification based on morphology etc and briefly (in the introduction) speak about the genetics regarding ALL; however, I was planning on mostly speaking about the gene translocation on chromosome t(9:22) and t(12:21) and rather just presenting the other types of mutations. Anyways, could you please tell me if I have understood correctly all this info? And do you agree that I should talk more in depth about the classification I told you about. Bear with me, I know it is a long post but hopefully I have expressed myself correctly (english is not my first language).
Best medical channel I have ever seen.
Thank you 🙏
iv been through the whole set of videos and now have a great understanding of hematology. Thanks alot for the great videos.
could you pls explain what u mean by WBC being 100,000. But the question in the video says 50,000?
Hey! Thanks a lot for watching...I think you misunderstood the WBC count point...I did NOT say, that WBCs will be either < 10,000 or > 100,000...I said that the WBC count can range from less than 10,000 up to >100,000...So leukemia can have WBC count of 8,000 , 20,000 , 50,000, 100,000 or 130,000,...etc...The WBC count can be anything....Hope it helps :)
oh! i get it now. Thanks alot for getting back so soon. :)
Of course...Good luck!
How do I watch the videos in sequence. How can I get that outline so I follow them topic after topic
Go to my channel. Click on playlists, and choose “hematology”.
ALL is the most common cancer in pediatrics, but in Down syndrome patients AML M7 is most frequent.
thank you for the video , i have a question that I don’t know how to answer can you please help me with this (how to calculate vincristine dose for a 3 yo boy who weighted 14 kg and the dose is 1.5mg/m2
Well explained topics.Ater watchings these, I can easily remember difficult concepts. Thanks for uploading these videos.😊
My pleasure 😇
you’re my superman .. thank you so much forever
Thank you 😊
Your channel is a blessing, thank you Doctor Medicosis
I am honored! Thank you, Eiliya!
Thank u so much sir..i can understand clearly each n every point😊but i have 1 doubt sir..u told ALL occurs in less than 14yrs..but in the last question 21yr old male had ALL...i am little bit confused sir
Can you add coagulation cascade? I can't find anything yet. thank you! By the way I love your videos, they are amazing.
Great news! It's here: goo.gl/XrhddJ
Just who dares to dislike these videos !?😤
Awesome..best of its kind! Make more videos please!
Thank you so much 😊
I will
Obtain a curte order is it standard in All countries? Or only USA??
you are just perfect!
Thank you, dear!
hey can you post more vidoes for WBC?
Sure! I will...Stay tuned!
More videos on WBCs are available...Let me know if you can't find them.
how is he not a doctor he is smarter then my profs
thank you so much youre the best
My pleasure 😇
50 hematology 💉 *cases*: www.medicosisperfectionalis.com/
Wait... you're not a doctor?! Wow yet your medical knowledge is so amazing!! May I ask what is your profession?
I just teach medicine. I don’t practice.
📝 Download my handwritten notes: www.medicosisperfectionalis.com/
Thank you very much sir.
my teacher ileen😂 watches your video's .No more headaches.
Var caught
ok what do you mean by mucosal bleeding? Pictures make me think it's petechiae but it's not, right?
Superficial bleeding such as petichae, ginigival bleeding, excessive bleeding after tooth extraction,...etc
thank you
Of course :)
also mean the problem in platelets so this bleeding due to platelets disorders
Yes 👍
Why would there be a mass in T - ALL. Lemonade -> lemon transformation?
Exactly 👍
thank you so much your videos ate amazing
My pleasure 😇
Can you please help me by sharing?
Hi just a quick question, can a patient be in "remission of leukemia" but actually still have it? (15 y/o male with down syndrome ALL), thank you!.
Thank you so much for your videos. You made most of your discussions seem like a walk to the park compared to the books that I've been reading for hours and made me feel like I'm being punished in hell lol
Haha 😂
I am so delighted that you found my videos helpful!
Thank you 🙏
In the 2nd case the 21 yr old guy, why should it be ALL? Why not AML or chronic leukemia? Just wondering
Blasts are > 20% makes acute leukemia more likely...His age bracket and testicular issues makes ALL more plausible than AML.
Thank you very much Dude.
You bet 👍👍
In all these leukaemia, Reference range for WBC is 10k to 100k. Can you explain why is it so wide- range ?
I really don’t know
@@MedicosisPerfectionalis I've been watching Leukaemia series nd this wbc range is confusing me in every video 😧😐
At the minute 7:00 I think CD20 positive in pre-B ALL is a mistake, since CD20 is a B mature cell marker. Could you let me know if it is so?
Loving your videos, greetings from Rome.
for both
The questions at the end😍😍😍. Thank u sooo much
You bet!
I have a question if i made a bone marrow test and the result was 0.001 leukimia blood left in my bone marrow then how much time do i need for treatment and taking chemo
Talk to your oncologist
Please, what does it mean when you say WBCs in leukaemia investigation are less than 10,000 or greater than 100,000 but in questions you said 50,000 means leukaemia? I didn’t catch it.
I said it could be leas than 10,000 all the way up to greater than 100,000 which means it includes everything in between. The point is that leukemia can exist at any WBC count.
Why are the platelets increasing ?
Thank you for posting this video, it was so helpful!!
But it is TdT not tDt
Wowwww! Love from India! :)
Thanks 🙏
Leukemia 💯 well understood because of you🔥
Thank you ☺️
itz a completely curable one??
I went through 4 years of treatment when I turned 18
How is your health today?
Thank you so much. I got residency in oncology ,so brushing up the basics.
Your videos are very good.
Btw ,u said that u are not a doctor. Then ,how come you know all these concepts so well?
I graduated.
But, I don’t treat patients.
Please my brother , can I find your videos or your words in the videos as PDF ? 🖤🖤
All the illustrations are available as pdf on Patreon:
www.patreon.com/medicosis/
My son is battling leukemia at this very moment, it is shown in our channel
Hello..why there are less than 10 or 15 videos in other systems such as cardio,etc etc..if you make other systems also in a series like hematology it will be very useful..you are doing a great job in hematology..thank you..
I am going to do all of them, but I am trying to focus on one at a time...Thanks a million:)
Medicosis Perfectionalis thats good..but many students are depending on your lectures as this is really great..so it will be good if you make little faster than now..
Thanks a lot...Do you mean speak faster, or upload more videos faster?
Medicosis Perfectionalis upload the videos faster.. The huge plus point of your videos are the slowness of words..DON’T EVER increase the speed of saying.. my request is to upload the other system’s videos faster..
Got it...I will do my best to upload more...thanks!
or Mirror, Minor & milder :) & thnx for the videos.
/DR Mahmood Ramazan :)
I don’t understand!
there's discrepancy in poor prognostic factors in ALL, Pro-B-cell ALL actually has a poor prognosis (Source - Kumar and Clark)
Awesome work👍
Thanks a ton!
Thanks...
My pleasure 😇
Sir my father diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia back in April 2019..He is in maintenance period now with blast cells 4%...6 Mercaptopurine daily and Methotrexate once a week + couple of vitamin supplements he is taking. His age is 56 years currently and weight is 70 kg....
Any suggestions from you, will be highly appreciable.
How is he?
How is he?
You are a lifesaver🥺
Thank you 🙏
What TDT Means?
1 think where is the mention of units? like you're talking about WBC and say 100,000 do you mean 100,000/MicroLiter? Why not just mention the units?
Other than that your videos are amazing! so much better than my prof teaching which is kind of sad lol my hematology course has 7 professors lol
Thank you so much 😊
You’re right, I should have added the measuring units.
It’s just common practice among physicians to refer to normal WBC count as 4,000 to 11,000
in trisomy 21 AML is common
before the age of 5 but above 5 years ALL is common
What are the chances of survival 5 year old has 80% leukemia ?
At the risk of sounding dumb, I want to ask something, I don't understand the classification of ALL, what is the meaning of pre B all and pre T all, there is increased proliferation of lymphoblasts right, what is the meaning of B and T here
Pre-B cells are more immature than B cells.
Amazing job very useful keep it up
Thank you so much ❣️lots of love from nepa
My pleasure 😇