Ascites Symptoms

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What is ascites?
Ascites is the build-up of fluid in the stomach due to severe liver disease. The extra fluid makes the abdomen swell up. This extra build-up usually occurs between the two membrane layers that together make up the peritoneum, a smooth sac that houses the body’s organs. It is, however, usual to have a small amount of fluid in the peritoneum cavity. It is discomforting and cause nausea, tiredness, breathlessness, and a feeling of being full. Liver disease is the commonest cause of ascites. Other possible causes are cancer and heart failure.
How is ascites treated?
Treatment depends on the underlying cause.
Diuretics: This is one of the most commonly used means for ascites treatment and is effective for most people with the condition. These drugs increase the quantity of salt and water leaving the body, thereby reducing the pressure within the veins around the liver. Furosemide (Lasix) and spironolactone (Aldactone) are the most commonly used diuretics.
Paracentesis: A long thin needle is used to remove the extra fluid for this procedure. This treatment option is often used when the ascites is severe or recurrent.
Diet: Restricting salt (sodium) and increasing the body’s water is a large part of treating this condition.
TIPS: Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt. This procedure is performed to treat fluid build-up in the abdomen.
Surgery: In life-threatening cases, a permanent tube known as a shunt is implanted in the body. It redirects blood flow around the liver. A liver transplant may also be recommended if ascites does not respond to treatment. This is used mainly for end-stage liver disease.
Chemotherapy: This may help to shrink or control cancer. It is administered through a tube in the abdomen. This can sometimes stop fluid build-up.
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