History of the Habsburgs: The Powerful Rulers of Europe
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- čas přidán 15. 05. 2024
- Democracy reigns in Europe today. However, at the beginning of the last century, its fate was determined by aristocrats from ancient families, whose power and money were inherited from their ancestors. The Habsburgs are remembered in history for their conquests and special family policy, which almost ended the family at some point. Watch the video to dive into the details of the long Habsburgs' rule.
The Real Charlemagne is the friends we made along the way
on the catholic church💯
@@zombiefirebot6066 el camino de Santiago
12:28 CORRECTION Spanish kings Philip II and Philip III were not married to their sisters they were not Targaryens from Game of Thrones. King Philip II was married to his niece Anna of Austria, while King Philip III was married to his cousin Margaret of Austria.
This is not much better
@@eg310 noone said it is, but there is a difference between a sibling and a niece/nephew
I did a double-take on the Targaryen part too. Haha.
Si es mejor o no es una opinión, mientras que decir que eran hermanos ES MENTIRA. Debe ser que los anglosajones solo sabéis mentir y os resulta normal.@@eg310
You forgot that Philip II of Spain was also declared Philip I of Portugal, and his son and grandson ruled as Portuguese kings (and therefore, the portuguese Empire) during the "Iberian Union". So the Habsburgs also ruled Portugal for 60 years
Portugal integrated in Hispanic Monarchy is say with Spanish Viceroys in Portugal. and colonies started with Duke of Alba for exemple
@@Benito-lr8mz The Viceroy of Portugal was the political chief of the Kingdom of Portugal and the highest representative of the King of Portugal (not the "hispanic" king") during the period of the Iberian Union, when a personal union existed between the monarchies of Portugal (which remained independent, and not part of an "hispanic" monarchy... whatever that means) and Spain. According to what was established in the Cortes of Tomar in 1581, the regency of the Kingdom of Portugal always had to be trusted by the king to a Portuguese, or in alternative to a member of the Royal Family. This was, in a general way, fulfilled, having during two periods the regency been trusted to a governmental council called Government Junta of the Kingdom of Portugal.
@@Tusiriakestwhat lunacy are you babbling about? Was the Duke of Alba Portuguese? He was the 1st appointed viceroy!
Also, good lawd you guys are petty. Portugal was dragged into the Iberian Union, defeated soundly at sea and land. Yes you did not want to but were forced to, better?
@@antonexx i) The duke of Alba was vice roy for only two years in a transition period. The Cortes of Tomar Agreement was held in April 1581 and he left office in 1582, beginning the rule of only Viceroys from the royal family or by portuguese. (just read the agreement, I'm not making sh*t up);
ii) Portugal was not defeated, a huge part of "Portugal" supported Filipe's claim. There was a short civil war between other candidates and Filipe, who was supported by most of the nobility (which integrated the army of the Duke of Alba), clergy and high merchant class, as he made it clear to respect portuguese independence - which he then pledge into law in the Cortes of Tomar agreement (again, just read it).
So, no. There was no defeat nor "forced into it". Filipe was the most supported candidate by far within Portugal.
The only time that (de facto, although not de iuri) Portugal was "forced" into the union, was after 1637, which was the first time any of the "filipe" kings, in this case Filipe III of Portugal (Felipe IV of Spain), raised taxes without summoning the Portuguese Cortes, making it a "de facto" province of Spain. This led to a uprising less then 3 years later, that deposed Filipe III as king of Portugal, in favor of João IV.
Not understanding that there were two different crowns and that any Union without Portugal's consent was impossible, were the reasons for the dethroning of Filipe III (Felipe IV of Spain). It's funny how you, so many centuries later, still have difficulties understanding the same thing.
11:30 CORRECTION: As a result of the 80 Year’s War the Spanish recognized the independence of the Dutch Republic but they still kept the southern Netherlands which would be known as the “Spanish Netherlands” so they still kept territory in the Low Countries.
Yeah; was just going to point that out. Also; settlement of the 80 years war was a part of resolving the 30 years war, not a separate event after it as the video implies. The video isn’t chronological in several places; for instance not addressing the addition of Hungary until well after the end of the 30 years war.
This is very important to understand why Belgium and the Netherlands are two different countries.
Too many errors due to a clear lack of documentation about the time, resorting to topics that historiographically have become obsolete and refuted a long time ago.
It is obvious that Charles I of Habsburg was king of Spain since 1516, and was not named emperor of the Holy Roman Empire until 1520 as Charles V.
You should know that Luther's Protestant Reformation dates back to 1517, and was adopted by the nobles against the people (1524-1525) in Germany.
The same thing happened in the Netherlands, where intolerant Protestants (Calvinists) began the revolt in 1566 by attacking Catholic churches and burning statues of saints.
The inquisition had almost no presence in the Netherlands and was withdrawn in 1577.
Meanwhile, radical Calvinists had seized power in Ghent on 28 October 1577, turning the city into the Calvinist Republic of Ghent, and the bishops of Bruges and Ypres were captured and imprisoned.
The new regime established a Protestant theocracy that vehemently persecuted Catholic clergy.
It was also militarily expansionist, seizing control of other cities in the County of Flanders, where similar Calvinist committees were set up.
In 1579, Wetteren was plundered.
Every town that experienced a revolution would witness iconoclastic acts and violence against Catholic clerics.
The Ghent radicals sought to take a leading role in the anti-Spanish rebellion, which they saw as a religious war against the Popish Catholic heresy.
The Union of Arras is created.
Thus, the Catholic provinces of the south were reconciled with the king to have his protection against the intolerance that the Protestants now showed, which became the Spanish Netherlands (1609-1714).
The indigenous Americans were subjects of Spain, therefore they could not be enslaved.
As I said, too many errors, a clear lack of research, it is just a compendium of old beliefs long ago discredited.
Just because they were not called slaves doesnt mean it was not practically slave labour . The conquistadors ignored the crowns wishes all the time with bearly any reprimand because they were an ocean away
@@eg310 Slave labor as you call it spread throughout the planet until well into the 19th century, we still find children from the age of 4 working in the English, Welsh and Scottish mines (Frederic Engels, "The situation of the working class in England" , from the year 1845).
Work in the mines was very hard all over the planet, miners usually died of silicosis before the age of 35.
It is quite true that the American Creoles resisted implementing the laws that went against their economic interests, hence the king sent viceroys and officials from Spain that he trusted.
In the wars of independence of the 19th century in Spanish America, the indigenous people generally positioned themselves on the Spanish side, since they knew that without the counterweight of the Spanish laws and officials who defended them, they would be harshly exploited or exterminated by the Creoles, as well happened.
The monarchy used the "Residency Trials" to review the actions of crown officials in America.
The convictions of Don Pedro de Heredia, founder of Cartagena de Indias and governor of Nueva Andalucía, were famous. In the second residency trial of the four he had, he was convicted, his assets were confiscated and he was in prison for a time along with his brother, or that of Viceroy Solís, who was convicted of fraud and dissipation of the public treasury.
@@eg310 Alexander von Humboldt in his "Political Essay on the Kingdom of New Spain" (1811) states things like these:
“The Indian farmer is poor but free. Their situation is much better than that of the peasants of northern Europe, especially Russians and Germans. The number of slaves is practically zero.”
"Mexican miners are the best paid in the world, they receive six to seven times more salary for their work than a German miner."
“New Spain has a notable advantage over the United States, and that is that the number of slaves, both African and mixed race, is almost zero.”
It looks like you just described the "Spanish Black Legend"
We used the numbering of the monarch's name according to his highest title, the Holy Roman Emperor, where he was already the 5th to bear this name. Although in Spain, where he actually became king while his mother was still alive, he was Charles I.
Yes, the Reformation began even earlier, but the video tells the story of the Habsburgs and their conflicts with Protestants, which began with the Schmalkaldic War and continued until the Thirty Years' War.
With the War of Dutch Independence, the list of reasons for this war was also simplified. And yes, the Dutch were not innocent victims in this war, they committed many crimes. However, we should not forget that the Spanish governors, among whom the most famous was the Duke of Alba, also had no less influence on the escalation of the conflict than the Dutch. Therefore, both sides were the instigators of the war.
The history of the discovery of America and the emergence of Spanish possessions in America was only briefly mentioned in this video. And if the viewers want to watch a video on this topic, we are ready to make a video on this topic as well
@@History_Mapped_Out First of all, thank you for taking the trouble to read my comment and respond, thank you very much.
I know that it is really very difficult, if not impossible, to explain the complexity of historical events in short videos, but I cannot help but express the errors I see or complement the information you offer so that viewers can have a more accurate image of history.
My apologies if I am too demanding when rating your work, but I think someone who aspires to make "serious" videos about historical events should do that, stick to the facts.
To say that gold was extracted by slave labor from the "natives" is false, the natives worked in the mines, but not as slaves, no subject of the crown could be a slave.
Furthermore, they were immediately replaced by, now it's true, slaves brought from Africa.
Making all of Flanders independent on the map is completely unacceptable historically.
You also excuse yourself by saying that both parties were guilty, when that is not the case, those who rebelled were the nobles against their legitimate king (even today the Dutch put excuses in the lyrics of their national anthem) in addition to the fact that in the video you do not attribute any responsibility to the Dutch, no matter how much you say it now.
You talk about the inquisition, which as a literary myth of an "all-powerful and evil organization" is very good, but historiographically it is totally surpassed and disproved.
The propaganda and myths invented as you say by the "Black Legend" about the Spanish Empire had their reason for being in the 16th to 19th centuries, and they did their job very well, but the Spanish Empire no longer exists and we are in the 21st century, so it is not so difficult to read any current book about the 80 Years' War or the Spanish inquisition and abandon the false clichés of past times.
I hope you continue to improve in the future, nothing would make me happier.
4:33 CORRECTION: the 4 secular Prince Electors who voted for the Holy Roman Emperor not all four were Dukes in fact one was a King (King of Bohemia) while one of the four was a Duke ( Duke of Saxony) and one was a Margrave (Margrave of Brandenburg) and finally one was a Count ( Count Palatine).
This is a really good video, I love it but just one thing. Slavery was illegal in Spanish America. Even Baron Humboldt said that the conditions of native America under Spanish control was far better than the ones in parts of Germany
Who cares if it was illegal since it was performed in the name of the king of Spain. Also the conditions of the native Americans under Spanish control was the worst. It was so bad that it started the transatlantic slave trade. Since the natives died faster than they could reproduce. They were also the only one together with the Portugese that enslaved large parts of the native population in the Americans.
@@jemoedermeteensnor88 Total bullshit man!
You have no idea what are you talking about, stop making things up.
The story of the Habsburgs is the story of modern Europe.
I think it's a joke. The history of the Habsburgs is a history of intrigues, sinister alliances, the takeover of the Balkan, Czech and Polish lands - the backwardness and poverty of the eastern and southern areas of the empire. The Habsburgs are also a history of incest.
My impresion in many English history videos about Golden Age of Spanish Kings or Spain in military powerfull and territories ( cultural included) is the understimated Spain in without case incluse this videos Spain is one of the very very few countries has a 1st world power in last 500 years
Very porely researched
Kingdom of the Netherlands? Do you mean Burgundy and Spanish Flanders? Germany, Spanish Inquisition? So much propaganda in one video
Idk propaganda, maybe just really wrong
what do you mean by this?
Papist spotted.
Propaganda?
@@vitoditroia3444 yes no such kingdom as the Netherlands or Germany. The Spanish Inquisition is a hoax and has been exposed.
Fun fact, Polish king Sobieski saved Vienna from Turkish occupation, while ruler of Austria Leopold 1 fled to Vienna 13:52. Please
Thanks for the latest video!
A clear anti Catholic sentiment in this video. Not unusual.
20 ad in a 20 min video is totally insane
Also, a Habsburg ruled the Second Mexican Empire in the 1860’s, and before that the Kingdom of Nueva España, both having their capitals in Mexico City.
Great maps, artwork, etc. Great work!
CORRECTION: Spanish wealth and then hyper-inflation came from SILVER mined in the Potosi mines in Bolovia, NOT gold
Not just Bolivia but Mexico too lots of silver was mined from Zacatecas.
Property .Power. Prestige. Politics. Perpetual war. People are crazy.
so many corrections from the comments make me think twice about history re-interpretation.
For some reason, people who read the comments of such people are convinced that they are right
@@History_Mapped_Out In fact, the video is quite accurate. Nonetheless, there are some mistakes only those who have studied Spanish or Austrian history in more depth know.
Great explanation thanx
Great editing. Subscribed.
I feel sorry for Charles I of Austria-Hungry; he was given A dirty hand.
He’s actually blessed in the Catholic Church
I hope most people learn by now that most youtube videos that aren't large productions with people checking and researching on veracity are FULL OF ERRORS.
haha, yes old news :D
Which were the most successful European dynasties, excluding the Russian Rurikovich and Romanovs ofc.
The Merovingians, Carolingians, Capets(including Valois and Bourbons) and vin Habsburgs?
Great learning material
Believe me, it isn’t. There are tons of inaccuracies in this video
Also Habsburgs ruled Mexico for few years in the XIX century, but the ruler, Maximilian, was executed.
does anyone know the name of the song used at the beginning of the video 😭
It's Handel's Sarabande from Suite in D minor, HWV 437.
@@UnreliableArchivistmy savior
The fact you learned about this family in assassin creed 2/ brotherhood files with templar involvement
13:50 is inaccurate. Slovakia (Upper Hungary back then) was never part of Ottoman Empire.
Great video, but at 1648 what is actually Belgium and Luxemburg remainded in Spanish hands, just the Lower countries (7 provinces) gained their independence.
Nevertheless amaizing I have enjoyed so much, greatings from Spain!! 👍
Frederick II the Stupor Mundi deserves a video.
Could you actually imagine being a habsburg at anypoint in time raising your big chin'd baby, telling them about the family like "Yeah, we did ALL of that shit"
Now make history of the Ottomans
Uhm, when in a CZcams channel someone says that the native American population was enslaved by the Spaniards to work in the gold mines you can conclude that the producer of the video did not make his homework nd he/she is simply repeating, once again, the British and Dutch propaganda against Spain normally called the Black Legend. Queen Isabel I passed an edict that forbidden the slavery of the native American population. Her descendents, Charles I and Philip II created institutions that protected the indigenous Americans against the Spanish settlers. The indigenous peoples of modern USA were not that lucky.
Interesting information PIVOTAL
Please make videos about the Rashidun, Ummayyad, and Abbasid Caliphates PLEASE.
Is this accurate?
Nope
Vee hat tearibble nights!
The 30 years wars was in the 1600s
Bad said of spain. There wasn't a kingdom of spain, bat Castilla and Catalonia/(T)arragon. Charl V didn't heritage from Isabel quen, because she wasn't dead. He herited from Ferdinad II of (T)arragon. and Naples wasn't from Castilla, bat from (T)arragon/Catalonia.
Catalonia wasn't a kingdom. Catalonia was a Duchy and at the same time Principality with the name of Barcelona. The kingdom is the Crown of Aragon which contains the Kingdom of Aragon, Duchy/Principality of Barcelona, Kingdom of Valencia, Kingdom of Mallorca, Kingdom of Sardinia, Kingdom of Sicilly and eventually Kingdom of Naples
@@unaihernandez330 Clasificate de importace of a territiy because the crown title is ridicolous. Barcelona county bougt de Kindom of Aragon and building it add it 80 % of land. The main territry of de ruler of Barcelona, now in the Crown of Aragon was Catalonia, its owner, who wanted a roman province of Tarragon memoriy.
Barcelona ❤💙💪🏻
You forgot that Philip ii conquered Portugal forming the Iberian Union and it was desolved under the reign of his grandson Philip IV during the thirty years war
Philip II *inherited* Portugal and its colonies forming the Iberian Union.
*dissolved
👏👏
You made a huge mistake it was the Spanish succesion war not the thirteen years war, so much mistakes in this video
1600s history is best. Including those outside of Europe like the Ming.
Yeah
Late medieval/ early modern is the stuff
There was no "Kingdom of Spain" during the Habsburgs' reign, there were the Crown of Castile and the Crown of Aragon. The Kingdom of Spain only appears as a political entity in 1833 with the Javier de Burgos' Decree, during Bourbon rule.
Those Crowns were unified in the person of the mother of Charles V / Carlos I, the first Spanish Habsburg
@@mdc3148 No, they weren't. The Crowns of Castile and Aragon existed separetely, each with their own institutions 'de facto' until the Decrees of Nueva Planta (1707-1716), and 'de jure' until the Decree of Javier de Burgos (1833). They remained independent political entities which just happened to share the same Monarch.
P.S. Charles V / Carlos I was indeed a Habsburg, like you said; but he was most certainly NOT Spanish at all.
@@666xurxo His mother was Juana la Loca, yes he was 🤣🤦🏻♂️
@@666xurxo But I understand more now that they were not integrated. It’s odd that it’s recounted as “unification” in all of history.
@@mdc3148 His mother was Juana, and she was Spanish; his father was Philip, and he was Flemish. Their son Charles was born in Ghent, and he was Flemish. His parents left him in Flanders and moved to Spain in 1501 when he was one year old; he was educated in the Netherlands, and he grew up as a Flemish man. When he finally traveled to Spain as an adult he couldn't speak a word of Castilian Spanish, the locals saw him as a foreigner and rebelled against him (Comuneros, Germanias)
12:32 so damn wrong! That was his cousin.
well atleast the bourbon dynasty lives in spain there rivalry of the habsburgs ended the bourbon dynasty winning by long lasting in a kingdom status rules even a significant only habsburgs is almost erase in history few surviving members
Bourbon are part of the french house of carpet dynasty
Real Life Crusader Kings
Actually Rudolf ii had a illegitimate son who was murdered
The Real Kwisatz Haderach
No such thing as Lviv in 1846, either Lemberg or Lwów
SPANISH GOLD
This Video is a mess. Don't use AI to write your scripts. Lots of mistakes in this Video.
Au grešaka , šteta. Niti je Ugarska bila do mora , niti je Otoman bio na čitavoj granici Austro UGARSKE ...doslovno - gdje vam je Austro-ugarska pošto nije čitava bila pod osmanlijama?
Alambama
Moravia and Silesia are not Bohemia. Learn basic facts when making a video about history.
Yes they are and always will be. Get rekt
The NAZIS said that Jesus Christ was the son of a Roman soldier of German origin. So anything goes.
That was originally taken from the talmud.
Aiyah good to see social mobility from hedge night to god emperor!!!😂
The origins of European elites!
Being inbreed makes one elite?
So bloody history 😅😅
Awesome video! But for the love of god please stop using those AI animations and images, not only its bad but its historically incorrect and missleading.
Capetian way better
They saved Western Europe from islam TWICE !
You forgot to speak about Lepanto naval war during Habsburgs reign, it was as important as the victory in Viena.
Both victories by the Christian league showed to the ottoman empire they would never gonna be as great as the Roman Empire.
Lepanto was not a great defeat . Turks rebuild their fleet in like months . And continued to hold dominion over Mediterranean and algeria . So dont bullshit . Vienna was a defeat more so because they lost the chance to consolidate Hungary but the city itself was never gonna be held for long .
@@eg310
ARE YOU JOCKING RIGHT?
After Lepanto the turks never went into a Naval War again until the end of their empire.
They never tried to invade Western Europe by Sea again cause they were afraid, before that they were so sure they would won but they were beated and their capitan was decapited with his head exhibited all around the Christian Army it was 100% humiliation.
Average otto-🪳 😂😂😂😂
True King Charles ha ha ha England stole his name even queen Sisi name ha ha
“He was a….. HUMPBACK” 😂
So a 🐳??
Europe is your "World"?! 😂😂😂
This is so full of errors, it's useless. Typical US ignorance about Europe.
You should take this video down, read all the comments. A proper investigation of their points and make it again. Really poor info