How did the Reconquista Actually Happen?
Vložit
- čas přidán 28. 04. 2024
- How did the Reconquista Actually Happen?
While many people are aware of Iberia’s religious history including the infamous Spanish Inquisitions, not so many are aware that neither Spain nor Portugal was always controlled by Christian Europeans. In fact, there was a period of almost 8 centuries that marked a tireless power struggle between the Christian Kingdoms and Muslim Caliphates.
♦Consider supporting the Channel :
/ knowledgia
♦Please consider to SUBSCRIBE: goo.gl/YJNqek
♦Music by Epidemic Sound
♦Script & Research :
Skylar J. Gordon
#History #Documentary #reconquista
![[실시간] 전철에서 찍힌 기생생물 감염 장면 | 기생수: 더 그레이](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/4nkFvwxGAfA/mqdefault.jpg)
Random fun fact: by the later stages of reconquista, the christian kings started to REALLY get into chess and other board games like backgammon and after the fall of Granada, under the Catholic Monarchy, chess was reinvented to add the Queen as the most powerful piece, letting bishops move as far as they wanted, and started using the game for dating
Dating?
The queen and bishops are just rename for the original wazir(minister/general) and the elephant brigades (respectively) to honor both the queen and the monks in their efforts of ending the Iberian muslim kingdoms
interesting
chess must be the worst game for dating.
Everytime you play a woman you end throwing the game because otherwise she's gonna cry.
It’s believed that the queen only use to move as the king but, it was later changed because of Queen Isabel of Castila
The Catholic Kings were the original MVPs
Yes.
agreed
MVP , what is that?
@@earthlingavian1132it stands for MOST VALUABLE PLAYERs
The Reconquista. One of the greatest and most deserved comebacks in human history.
Indeed. Spaniards/Portuguese avenged the Gothic Kingdom.
@@awsomeclipsnow for the sake of Christendom yes.
@@reddevilsunited_2060 Catholics, not Christians.
@@gururaven who also happen to be a branch of Christianity.
@@gururavenare you dumb? Catholics ARE christians
What's more impressive than the reconquista itself is the formation of the maritime Iberian civilizations that followed shortly after the centuries of reconquests
We can see that they were dominating the Mediterranean even during the 1300 with the Italian states and the kingdom of Aragon. They even send an small force of 6000 Spanish almogavares to fight against the Ottoman Turks in Anatolia under the command of Roger de flor. They absolutely bamboolezed the Ottoman Turks in every battle while being outnembered by the Turks. But sadly they got betrayed by the byzantines. The Iberians would continue on in humiliating the Ottoman Turks in many other areas. Completely dominating the Turks in the Indian ocean and the Mediterranean including the Atlantic. Indeed the Ottoman Turks were so scared of the fierce of the Iberian warriors that they had nightmares for centuries about them coming to their lands and taking their daughters such as in la jornada de Túnez 1535 and the battle of Lepanto 1571.
Fancy way of saying colonization
@@LetnistonwandifOttomans however overpower Spain in every point of history. Spain couldn't even challenge Ottomans without a "Holy League" it took them another occasion at Lepanto to partially reverse the annihilations of Preveza and Djerba, prior to that Spain was getting humiliated by Barbarossa alone despite the support of various European nations like Portugal, Genoa & Venice, now when even an allied Spain didn't genuinely dominate the Ottomans in naval wars how could they do it one on one in full scale wars ?
@@nenenindonu The Portuguese did not help. It was only the only small Italian states and Spain that the formed the holy league in the Mediterranean. The ottomans had the pirate Berber states. Barbarrosa only won one battle against the Spanish and was humiliated afterwards in the conquest of Tunis.
These are the battles were the ottomans were humiliated by the Spanish
Spanish conquest of Oran 1732) (Humilliating defeat for thé ottomans)
Spanish conquest of Oran 1509
(Spanish Victory)
Battle of Alborán (Humilliating defeat for ottomans)
Battle of Cape Celidonia (extremely humilliating defeat of ottomans)
Battle of Cape Corvo (Another humilliating defeat for ottomans)
Battle of Girolata( Another victory of spain)
Great Siege of Malta( This one was with allies but the ottomans still had more soldiers and they got massacred)
Holy League 1535 (Another victory for Spain and his allies still the ottomans had allies too)
Capture of Mahdia 1550 (Humilliating defeat for ottomans)
Siege of Oran 1556 (Spanish victory)
Sieges of Oran and Mers El Kébir (Humilliating ottoman defeat)
Ottoman invasion of Otranto (Humilliating defeat for ottomans they surrended even if they were 18 000 compared to 2100 christian forces)
Ottoman-Habsburg wars( Spanish hasburg victorie tooking back Hungrary)
Siege of the Castle of Saint George (Spanish victory) Conquest of Tunis 1535 (Spanish victory)
Siege of Vienna 1529 (One of the most humilliating defeats of ottomans)
Siege of Castelnuovo (Even if this was an ottoman victory i wanted to show that even if the Spanish soldiers were outnembered 1 to 6 they still managed to kill more than half of the army this shows that mallority of the battles that ottoman won it was because they had so much more numerical advantage)
Conquest of Tunis 1574 (This battle its another example of what i was talking about outnembering and still getting fckd)
And battle of lepanto 1571 (another humilliating defeat for the ottomans by the Spaniards)
Sitio de Orán y Mazalquivir
1563(Thé most humilliating defeat for thé ottomans
1500 Spaniards vs 100 000 Ottomans and Jannisaries and It ended in an Décisive Spanish Victory. Almost thé entire Ottoman army slaughtered.
Toma de Mahdía (1550)
Siege of the Castle of Saint George(1500) Spanish victory
@@nenenindonu The ottomans never overpowered the Spanish. They got humiliated in almost every battle by them . Even Suleiman was scared of Charles V of Spain.
Muslim Granada was valuable economically to the Iberian Christian kingdoms so they let it survive, until the Ottoman conquest of the Eastern Roman Empire tipped the power balance in the Mediterranean in favor of the Muslims. The Iberian Christians were afraid of losing their gains to the Muslims reinvigorated by the Ottomans, so they decided to remove the chance that Muslim Granada would become a toehold on the peninsula for the Ottomans. The 200 years of Granada's survival after the fall of Seville ended under this geopolitical circumstance, which caused the Iberian Christian monarchs to become "more religious" as the narrative says. The final conquest of Granada proved to be strategically necessary for the Iberian Christians since the Ottomans soon after became a big naval power and took over most of muslim North Africa, took Greek and Adriatic islands from the Venetians, Rhodes from the Knights, and laid siege to Malta at the doorsteps of Italy.
Well put.
To add, I believe Rhodes was taken from Knights Hospitaler.
Then European powers conquered the Americas and became gigachads of the world for centuries to come
I like how you put more religious in air quotes
Ottoman take over of north Africa came much after the fall of Granada and that the Naval piracy came from the Andalusis that were exiled in vengeance.
Amen.🙏.
To all my Spanish brothers, a big hug from Portugal. Sometimes i wonder what our Global Empire would have been if we were united as one since the Reconquista.
Indeed. We would be a first class world superpower. We wouldn't have lost our Empires to the USA or independentism.
@@alwoolridge6377 Sorry guys, but Americans still would’ve taken your influence and colonies. You’d definitely have more sway in Europe though.
@@2200Stinger Consider not only that we would've had our combined power, but also we wouldn't have made certain decisions and investments had we not feared and threatened each other. We would probably be technologically on par with them, so we would've had a fighting chance, at the very least.
@@alwoolridge6377 no chance whatsoever against us.
@@chrissweeten6096 Blas de Lezo didn't have any chance against the british in Cartagena de Indias, as well. But...
Spanish empire took some kind of revenge for us greeks. Love spain from greece
Yes, Catholic and Orthodox retribution to Islam
Greeks were f...ed by.....
Bro,that’s not true imo.Spanish and the Catalan Company were committing atrocities in Greece(Eastern Roman Empire at that time),for over a century and were a big reason for the decline of the population and culture of Romans.
@@captainjacksparrow370 as Greeks what do you claim culturally and geographically yours ? Actual Greece and all the way to Constantinople ?
@@captainjacksparrow370 he meant that while anatolia was being conquered by muslims iberia was being liberated by christians
i appreciate your intellectual honesty. often times when discussing the Reconquista, people have a tendency to skip over the formation of Portugal, treating it as a side note
Just to add that 1415 marked the conquest of Ceuta harbour city in Africa.
The Portuguese new dynasty considered the possibility of trying to conquer Granada, but changed its mind because it would bring some problems with Castille.
This year marked the beginning of the Age of Discovery
If you're Catholic. Please pray for West African Catholics who are under the thumb of Islam like our brothers were in Spain and Portugal. Please pray.
Eu4 lore is so deep this is amazing
@@habibturay9930under islamic rule in the andaluce they had freedom of faith..the jews, christians and muslims thrived peacefully..cut the nonsense about islamic thumb
@@itubecollection1623 What freedom of faith. Please do your research. If christian really had freedom of faith than why did they flee north to kingdom of Asturias.
@@itubecollection1623 No, they were always second class citizens, even in the most "tolerant" muslim kingdoms. Not saying the christians were always tolerant, but the idea of tolerant muslims is just an idealisation repeated by fundamental muslims.
You crucially forgot about Republacion (repopulation). One of the reasons why the Reconquest lasted so long was that in the early part the Christians cleansed reconquered areas and repopulated them with their own people. This process takes generations.
So, the genocidal act was also involved too?
Interesting
@@SiPakRubah In all likelihood, yes. Genocide is frequent in history and should only surprise us amateur historians. But in all honesty it's impossible to tell how much repoblacion involved expelling versus killing. That's why I used the word "cleansing."
@@SiPakRubah yeah just like muslims left no one, the christians did the same
@SiPakRubah think of it as decolonisation, the Algerians did the same thing to the French back in the 60's.
Yeah. There are old (medieval) *churches* in Iberia with images and statuettes depicting various "positions" of sexual intercourse for the peasantry to learn from.
Back then they were dead serious with the repopulation effort.
I remember the time I'm discussing with my friend about current demographic crisis in East Asia (Japan & South Korea) and the world in general. He said that demographic decline is irreversible and Japan will lose like half of its current population by 2100.
I said to him, while that might be true, the general trend itself is NOT actually irreversible. There are instances, including in medieval Spain, which a society was able to reinvigorate their population growth thru concerted effort (not to mention we have the technology to actually breed humans with "science" now).
Something similar has been recorded elsewhere, including in China (the growth during Song Dynasty), India, and the Middle East. IIRC there is passage in the Bible about how the tribes of Israel repopulate Canaan (modern Israel, Palestine, and Trans-Jordan region).
Members of my family fought under King Sancho VII of Navarre at the BATALLA DE LAS NAVAS DE TOLOSA in 1212.
God bless them✝️
Heroes ✝️✝️✝️🇪🇸✝️✝️✝️
Nobody has records of their ancestors so old in Spain, nor that it was China. There's never a lack of attention-seeking liar.
WE MUSLIMS WILL CONQUER U AGAIN
@@hinduskigaandchodo336with what? Shitty ass rusty AK and women oppression culture?
Asturias is pronounced just like its written. Its Asturia-S. The S is not silent, as it is a Spanish name.
this sort of frustrated me too, sounded like he was just adapting the name Astoria haha
@@haydenarias Same. Good video, but correct pronunciation warrants research.
@@Alex-mn1fb This is frequent in his videos, unfortunately. So grating and such a distraction.
in the 700's it was known as 'Asturia' without the s though
@@jcsfc2842 Was it tho? Any sources on that? Still, it would be more appropriate to use the pronunciation everyone is familiar with. Historians almost always use the nomenclature that is closer and more familiar to us in the modern era.
Catalonia was a region including several lordships and counties, not a kingdom. After the decay of the Frankish Carolingian rule in the Hispanic March, the County of Barcelona was the preeminent power in the region. The dynastic union resulting from the marriage of the Princess of Aragon and the Count of Barcelona, Ramon Berenguer IV, resulted into the Crown of Aragon. Later it included the kingdoms of Valencia and Majorca, as well as the italian kingdoms of Naples, Sicily and Sardinia until 1714.
The Crown of Aragon included the Kingdom of Aragon, the Kingdo. Of Valencia, the Kingdom of Naples...and the County of Barcelona. Today's fanatic catalonian independentists will tell you otherwise, but it is just propaganda. They also say that all the important figures of history are catalonian too (Cervantes, Shakespeare, Erasmus of Rotterdam, the Cid, Americo Vespuccio...)
@@alwoolridge6377 in Catalonia no one claims all this bullshit you are saying, stop with your lies. The only ones that try to alter history are some fanatic Spanish ppl that even try to say that Catalan is not a language and other ridiculous things which clearly have been proven untrue
Viva España, Viva El Cid, Vivan los Reyes Católicos!
Y después Dios nos dió América como premio por defender la verdadera Fé.
what is a kingdom? Learn basics xd. Catalonia have been a Kingdom after the independence from aquitanie kingdom
@@joansuero9063 to be a kingdom you gotta have the title of king .
1117 was the first time someone talked about Catalonia and catalans ( or the oldest date we have proof )
This is why I'm grateful for my Asturian ancestors. Their cause eventually led to the rise of the Spanish Empire, which resulted in their 16th century descendants arriving in the New World at the port of Veracruz in 1540, where, over the next century, travelled up the Rio Grande to Santa Fe, then south to El Paso, and gradually spread throughout what would eventually become West Texas.
🇸🇦🇸🇦🇸🇦🇸🇦
@@GreoGreoISIS
Asturias was Visigothic?
A tough brethren. Tell the Romans, it was till Augustus at great cost and savagery that they finally were able to conquer those lands in Hispania. The real “Asterix” must have been Astur or Cantabri but well you know the French 😜.
My mothers dna traces back to the basque/Asturias region
A most impressive breakdown of the Reconquista, thanks for the amazing contribution. Just a few notes from a spanish native speaker: The kingdom is called Asturias, and the city or Córdoba is pronounced 'COrdoba, rather than cor'DOba.
The centuries-long occupation was aimed at perpetrating genocide and ethnic replacement against the Iberian natives by the occupying Arab colonizers. The reconquest and subsequent inquisition finally brought justice to the natives and their lands raped by the imperialism of the occupying colonizing power.
It is politically incorrect to talk about Christians and Muslims since we are talking about colonizing occupiers and the anti-colonizing anti-imperialist resistance of Iberian natives, so it is politically correct to talk about occupiers and natives, occupation and resistance, colonization and liberation.
Who cares
@@EligioCazzaniga Es difícil hablar de invasores y nativos cuando los Visigodos apenas habían terminado de conquistar la península (y aún les costaba mantener la integridad territorial).
@@antoniomari4126 The centuries-long occupation was aimed at perpetrating genocide and ethnic replacement against the Iberian natives by the occupying Arab colonizers. The reconquest and subsequent inquisition finally brought justice to the natives and their lands raped by the imperialism of the occupying colonizing power.
Fantastic video keep it up you're doing amazing things
I like how the Portuguese are fairly raid here, feels to me Potrugal’s legacy and influence isn’t accurately portrait nowadays
it is worth mentioning that the shadow cast by British colonialism has often overshadowed the contributions of both Spain and Portugal. The British Empire's historical narrative has been dominant, emphasizing their own achievements while downplaying the accomplishments of other nations. This biased rewriting of history has unfortunately diminished the recognition that Portugal and Spain rightfully deserve.
A great example would be the bias in Hollywood movies, particularly those about pirates and corsairs, often omits the significant contributions and roles played by Spain and Portugal during s.XVI-XVIII. Instead, the focus tends to be on English and French figures, perpetuating the notion that they were the primary players in maritime history.
It is politically incorrect to talk about Christians and Muslims since we are talking about colonizing occupiers and the anti-colonizing anti-imperialist resistance of Iberian natives, so it is politically correct to talk about occupiers and natives, occupation and resistance, colonization and liberation.
@@EligioCazzaniga You ever heard of the Carthaginians?
@@SmokingLaddy the topic is the colonization and occupation by the arabs
@@EligioCazzaniga No. You were talking about Iberian Natives. They haven't controlled Iberia since before the Carthaginians who settled nearly 3000 years ago. I was just pointing out your comment is worthless.
Glory to Spain and Portugal for defending their land and reconquering the Iberian peninsula!
To the rich north Europe.
Hammer or ice pick? Were you there?
@@joaoalbertodosanjosgomes1536 Remember that northern Europe is poor.
If 800 years still counts as reconquering then I guess England can invade France because they invaded them in 1217 😂
@@user-op8fg3ny3j
Imagine them beefing again, after all this time 💀
I wondered about the reconquest of Iberia... very good video!!!
1:20 The kingdom of Aquitaine foreshadows Occitania. Because feudalism, Aquitaine was divided in many principalities: the Frankish kings took advantage of this division to annex Occitanie (formerly: Aquitaine) piece by piece to their domain between 1213 (annexation of the county of Auvergne) and 1860 (annexation of the county of Nice). The core of present-day France is therefore the agglomeration of the kingdom of the Franks with the former kingdom of Aquitaine, and even Brittany, because Brittany also lost its independence in 1532.
It took 700 years but the Spanairds and Portuguese finally reconquered the peninsula.
Too bad their descendents are handing it back over in the name of diversity.
@@ryeguy7941no, we bloody aren't. Where do you get that?
@@jpfg2713 Spain has well over 2 million Muslims, while 30 years ago it had a tenth of that at most, and Africans are constantly crossing over to Spain, to Ceuta, Canaries or Andalusia. I think he refers to that, if all the migrants actually stayed in Spain that would indeed be pretty bad and they would already be a majority in many places but most cross it to go to other parts of Europe.
Portugal does not have these problems because they do not directly border Morocco and migrants prefer to move to richer countries in Europe or stay in Spain. The thing is that this number only increases and they are usually having more kids than the locals, kids that often do not feel Spanish but of their parent's nationality and many of those practice Islam and even want to expand it, so Spain may have in the not so distant future a big social problem.
@@lluis9650 I am from Serbia, my nation suffered nearly 600 FUCKING YEARS under Ottoman rule so it saddens me that Europe's leaders today are willingly islamising Europe AGAIN. Take care
Everyone talks about the colonisation of Africa and the struggle for independence. But it was actually Portugal and Spain who had to first fight for independence from African oppression
Good video covering a very broad period of Iberian history. It's not easy to cover nearly a millennium of events in 12 minuets.
Fun Fact: Pope Sylvester II, originally known as Gerbert of Aurillac, used to study in Cordoba after he joined the delegation dispatched by Count Borell II of Barcelona to Caliph al-Hakam II of Cordoba. There, he was introduced to Greek philosophy, mathematics and astronomy and encountered the Mozarab bishops and judges who dressed in Arabic clothing. And when he became the Pope, he most likely tried to promote the knowledge he learned from his time in Cordoba and also attempted to stop such practices like simony. But instead, he was accused of learning sorcery from the Devil. And so, the first attempt of Renaissance failed. Someone like him deserved a movie of his own. Why? Not only because he is the first Pope of French origin but also because he is a humanist before the Renaissance was even a thing.
Edit: I do not know if Gerbert actually met the famous Islamic scholars such as al-Zahwari and Lubna during his time in Cordoba or not.
That's amazing where can I learn more about him?
Based
@@weggie5561 I read this solely from Wikipedia and it was already amazing. And what I just said in the comment are just the most important parts of his life and legacy.
Imagine how far Europeans would be if they managed to be renaissance earlier
Amen.🙏.
The Almohad collapse was a huge civil war that fractured the empired into many pieces some of which allied with Christian’s. They conquered warring jigsaw pieces not the entire puzzle
they weren't trying to conquer whole puzzle just the pieces that were taken n could unite the peninsula
The Almohads themselves invaded Andalucia and conquered the other Muslim states. Much of Andalucia's history is Spanish Muslims fighting or being conquered by radical North African Muslims.
@@EmisoraRadioPatio They werent any more radical then Christian Iberians, by todays standers almost everyone in the 12th century was radical, the correct term would be more puritanical. The almoravids were actually invited by andalusians knowing that they were ineffective in holding back the reconquista, the almohads were embraced for a while, things are never black and white. many andalusians despised them for their puritanical policies, a few admired what they saw to be saviours because their people were living too lavish and spoilt.
i agree , if almohads didn't collapse there is no way Castile would take all that huge territory
The previous hispanic cristian kingdom also collapse because a huge civil war that the muslim invaders take advantage on...
Very interesting history about Iberian kingdoms and how they took their lands back through time
The reconquista was one of the most important events in history! Can you imagine a world without the Iberian people and the age of exploration?
Yes perhaps there would be some original culture remaining in the Caribbean and Central/South America instead of the populations being purged and their history and cultures wiped out as we see today.
@@SmokingLaddy Spanish colonisation was based on the “mestizos”, the mixed people from indigenous and Spanish people, which gave birth to the “Latinos” we call today. Unlike British colonisation who was based on extermination.
@@brunol-p_g8800I am Mexican and I don't get what tone you re trying to use? English have nothing to do with Mexico.
@@SmokingLaddy I am not talking about English having to do with Mexico, estoy hablando de la diferencia entre la colonización inglesa de sus territorios que reposaba sobre la exterminación de los indígenas y la colonización española que reposaba sobre el mestizo de las poblaciones .
@@brunol-p_g8800 Tlapopouilik nikchiua amo tlatlahto in itlahtol in hispantlahtoltlakatekolomeh, nitlatlahto in imelauatlahtol Mexiko.
The Reconquista was essentially over after the 1212 Navas de Tolosa battle, took a little over 500 years to complete in reality. Then it lingered on for 2 and a half more centuries cause Castille and Leon allowed it to, since it was economically beneficial.
There are a lot of things that are no well explained. The reconquista is usually romanticized, there were a lot of clashes between catholic kingdoms too, as they were between muslim caliphates. Also, Catalonia was never a kingdom, it was the county of Barcelona or the Catalan counties. But it's properly done that Castille and Aragon are not merged into Spain, that would be later, it's considered with Charles I. And until 1714 'Nova Planta Decrees', they had very different laws.
hard to cover 8 centuries of history in a 12 minute video and not leave out certain events
My least favorite comment on history videos are “wOooW wHy dIdnT i lEaRn tHis iN scHooL” interested in a topic then find out about it. Don’t expect your high school history teacher to go teach you every historical subject
Plus, it doesn't fit the narrative of "west bad"
@@ryeguy7941 who…who has that narrative? Also, can you admit that sometimes the west was indeed ‘bad’? Or must the west, unlike any other civilisation to have very existed, be viewed only through its positive deeds and never its negative ones? If there’s one civilisation that I can think of that is judged almost wholly for its evil it’s the Assyrians who are viewed as savages who invented one thousand and one ways to torture a man to death and not much else. The west, if anything, comes off much better than some of its parts deserve.
@mugikuyu9403 idk where you've been but the West has been viewed negatively over the past few decades and it's positives aren't even mentioned.
@@ryeguy7941 Because history books saying that all modern ideas come from the west is somehow saying "west bad?"
@doo2786 that's not what I'm saying, what I'm saying is when viewing civilizations through the moral lense, academia over the years has viewed Western civilization as this irredeemable evil that's responsible for all the ills in the world while ignoring the fact everyone else was doing exactly what the West was doing and ignoring the fact the West stopped doing it while everyone else continued or in some cases continues to do it. A perfect example is in the actual video. Everyone knows about the Spanish inquisition because it was this evil thing they did, and it'd constantly brought up, but ignoring the reconquista because that would portray the Spanish ie a European group ie Westerners ie White people as victims of non White aggression and that does not fit in with the progressive/woke/sjw narrative of the Westerners always being the aggressors and non whites the victims. You understand now?
"infamous Spanish Inquisition". Not even 1 min into the video and there has to be a reference of the Spanish Black legend
Of course they do. They always do.
No one can expect from the Spanish Inquisitor!
You can always expect the Spanish inquisition 😂
Glory to our Roman brothers of Hispania from a Roman brother of Romania. Be proud of your glory! Stay strong as Christians and Romans because this is our identity as Latin Europeans!🇷🇴❤🇪🇸🇵🇹
What a horror, my Allah!
Even north Africa and the Middle East can claim to be Roman, just because you are Christian its doesn't make you Roman! Africa and the Middle East were far more important than Hiberia or Dacia!
Amen 🙏❤️☝️✝️☦️
So you think genocide is glorious? Or only glorious when christians do it and to be condemned when muslim conquerers did it?
You think what putin does in Ukraine is glorious to? Because it looks similiar to what i just saw in this video.
PT does exist yet?
Spanish Inquisition was the least violent in Europe .
For Christians ofc
@@itcalledfootball600cry
@@itcalledfootball600you bought into the anti-christian lie. The inquisition was lit
Prove it
Yes, because who wouldn't want to be in a comfy chair.
Fun fact, the catalonian kingdom never existed. In Catalonia there were several counties, most notably the county of Barcelona, but never a kingdom. Through marriage, those counties became united to the kingdom of Aragon, which was the only kingdon known to the middle age inhabitants of Catalonia.
In maths 'X' is a placeholder for unknown. Because Spanish translators used it for the Arabic letter "ش/sheen"(for sh sound).
Which was used in Arabic in place of "Shai"(thing/entity)
Even tho we used to hate islamic culture in the past, muslims have left a huge cultural legacy in andalusia and Iberia in general and also nearly built up all the actual Spanish culture
Very good video.
giving your people a common enemy is a crucial step in getting them unified
this time in the Trans people
What a horror, my Allah!
@@BoramK9294 ?
@@BoramK9294 May God punish them
@@emmett245 ok guy
Just for context, this wasn't only about a religious war. It took 8 centuries because most of the time cultures were well integrated and benefited from the islamic golden age in science and economy. Most of the times christians were fighting christians and muslims were fighting muslims. You can see that with the creation of Portugal that actually integrated the islamic golden age into it's own golden age after finally controlling the entire territory as we know it today. So it was a clash and mixing of cultures until the best of the best got out on top to take leadership in the world for the next centuries.
Islamic golden age was a myth. Islamic and Christian realms were virtually the same.
@MrMustang13 how do u know? Source maybe?
Amen.🙏.
There was no Islamic golden age. That is a myth you tell yourselves because admitting that you were just warlike peasant thugs from Arabia who conquered sedentary peoples who you enslaved to become your soldiers hurts your pride. There is no time in history or any current situation that isn't worse with Islam.
@@MrMustang13Do you even know how bad was the Medieval era in Europe, where the only people that can only learned to read is the authocratic family only, and also witch hunt is so rampant, and superstitious beliefs like black cats should be killed causing the bubonic plague in the first place?
Even the Muslims at least has libraries that was shared towards everyone, has hygienes far better than European, that even when an Arab traveler went there, they say the Vikings were lack of hygiene, while they're the most hygienic European at that time
I feel like you were going to talk about the batle of Ourique at 3:46 but forgot 😂
For clarification its the first major Christian victory against the Almoravids in the field and where King Afonso the first of Portugal gained the prestige and recognition to declare himself king
In são mamede he just took the county
Reconquista is the best thing ever happened in history.
Nope
@@AmeerMuawiyahASif allah wanted y’all to win why didn’t he intervene…
@@thedonkey6704 he gave us something better CONSTANTINOPLE
@@AmeerMuawiyahAS which is absolutely useless today. It’s not even turkeys capital now. He didn’t even want you to win after that. Considering Christianity absolutely destroyed the Ottoman Empire. Sorry bud. It’s true
🗿🗿🗿
WE KICKED EM BACK!!!! LETS GOOO!!!
We kicked you guys too from Anatolia and Egypt
@@itcalledfootball600 look at those places today. Hell holes. Enjoy😘
@@Josh.G.McN. at least they don’t steal other countries wealth to be rich
@@itcalledfootball600because apparently stealing when you are a Muslim is fine. lol
Egypt and the Anatolian peninsula were never Islamic before roam came, you genius.
the Anatolian peninsula was the native lands of Assyrians, Greeks and Armenians.
and Egypt was true part of the Roman Empire and previously the Greek royal dynasty of Alexander The Great.
but still, Egypt was never Islamic or Arab as it is today.
and if you ask Christians in Egypt if they like the Muslim "Egyptians", they will definitely say no.
Islam is a problem everywhere. not even the Hindus and Buddhists in East Asia like you.
@@itcalledfootball600enjoy your desert bro
Is there a book someone could recommend about the Reconquista? I've been looking for one without much luck
Good video ❤
Portugal foi o primeiro Reino a reconquistar os territórios até ao sul ( Algarve), e atualmente é o único país sobrevivente dos Reinos ibéricos medievais. Viva Portugal 🇵🇹🇵🇹🇵🇹
Portugal ainda existe? Vou comprá-lo da Inglaterra.
Que horror!
España es básicamente la unión del resto de reinos
Olá, sou brasileiro descendente de portugueses e amo Portugal também. Nosso pai. Embora tenham roubado riquezas naturais daqui, não odeio Portugal por isso já que isso era comum nessa época.
God bless Portugal 🙏
Can we have another one please ! So ready for the Sequal!
As a brazilian, it's crazy to think i wouldn't exist if the the kingdom of Asturias hadn't resisted against the moors, because the age of navigations probably wouldn't exist and Brazil wouldn't be created. Thanks iberian christians for the reconquista.
And you think that euro colonization of the Americas was a good thing?
@@gregphillipsel9906 well, i wouldn't exist if it wasn't for them.
@@gregphillipsel9906 it was a good thing, sorry you know nothing about history.
1..the Aztec empire slave the majority indegen people and used to human sacrifice ..
...the Inca empire the same..
2..Britain exterminated the native people..and like slavery.
3..france the same...
4..Spain mixed with native people, and Christianity finished the slavery ..
How fantastic of them to push Islam out. Brilliant!
Atualmente a península ibérica precisa de uma reconquista 2.0 .
Fatima , this Islamic name became the symbol of Catholics in our era.
We shall never forget Portugal and Sr.Lucia ❤🇵🇹
Estamos en ello hermano
@@eliasindbad8651Amen ✝️🙏
It almost happenned to ottoman. Russian empire at the ninth russo-turkish war (19th century) already very closed to constantinople, but england as ottoman ally at that time stopped it.
Protestants at it again with the anti Christian acts.
Nice video
Cordoba and Granada are such beautiful cities, you can feel the history. Al Hambra and the Cordoba Mosque are a must to see when you travel to Spain.
That's what happened in short. Very short. Just a little thing to add. Alfonso X not only translated just literature. He compiled encyclopedias about history and science too.
Deus vault love to Spain for doing what needed to be done
If you would like to play either side of the conflict, you can in atilla total war, it's a DLC but can get cheap on sale or G2A
God bless Spain and Portugal for defending their land, and reconquering the Iberian peninsula 🇪🇸🇵🇹
Islam is the fastest growing religion in Spain and Portugal 😁
@@hinduismroaster and then we kick them again
@@hinduismroaster reconquista v2
@@hinduismroasterNot really
@@knighthospitaller634this time we kick you out & will make you cross ❎ ppl bow down to Islam ☪️ life or ☠️😁try this time
Eu tenho muito orgulho dos meus valorosos ancestrais! 🇧🇷🇵🇹
Eso mismo 🇲🇽🇪🇸
@@andirios333 Mexico does exist yet?
Meus pêsames.
Congratulations to you.
Return soon and always.
Que horror!
I often talk to Africans of different origins, and they always incriminate the Europeans of being arrogant and avid invaders.
However, when I remind them of this part of the history, and the Carthage invasion as well, they suddenly get disoriented.
How would that make anyone disoriented. Claiming that others did it too doesn't absolve Europeans from anything
@@gregphillipsel9906. You didn’t understand his point. The problem with many Africans and other races is that they love just pointing the finger at Europeans for Conquests and colonialism when Africa invaded us first as well as the Mongolians and ottomans and when Spain and other European nations who for generations were trampled on by these other nations rose up and OBLITERATED their enemies and conquered most of the World then they want to call them
The bad guys and accuse only them of conquests.
@@gregphillipsel9906Its reality
Don't say European, better say English, Netherlanders, Belgian and French. But mostly English (and their heirs, the USA).
Making "European" culprit of British "deeds" is like making black Africans responsible of the conquest of Spania and Indonesian of the conquest of Constantinople 😂
I'm just saying it what every reasonable European watching this is thinking: We need a new reconquista. Besides politics, this is an amazing and educative video...
Great Sir
I love to see movie about this reconquesta.
All of Europe may find it necessary for a reconquista of it's own very soon.
Yep thats what ive been saying in a few years all of this will eventually happen again but in the whole entire of europe, and we're losing all of it without a single fight
Cool video
What is the name of the soundtrack from 5:02 to 7:47 I just listened?
Jewish leadership of Toledo collaborated with Tariq the Umayyad commander who sent scouts then led forces to slaughter, they were not expelled "for no reason" like they always claim, they were expelled because this was known for 700 years.
The "kingdom of catalonia" was never such, it was a principality. Sadly as of modern times, this is an important difference. The ruler of that area was a Baron, not a King.
Best Regards from Portugal
Portugal ainda existe?
I love the stories of the Reconquista. And this coming from one of the great-great grandsons of the Invading Moors.
I call bullshit. If your g-g-grandfather was one of the invading moors then each generation would have had to have a child at over 106 years old, successively 5 generation in a row. That is assuming your g-g-grandad was 16 when the reconquista ended, and that you are 16 today. 531 years would actually be around 21 generations, I am 31 and my g-g-grandfather was born in the late 1800s, not late 1400s.
As a Spaniard 🇪🇸 that lives in the city of Valladolid (capital city of Castile and León), I approve this video 👍🏻😎 Btw, I’ve also been living in Córdoba, and it’s one of the most beautiful cities in the world 😍, its Arabic legacy 🕌 is amazing!
Ok
Yes it is! As a Portuguese Architect i gotta love the Palace/Fortress of Alhambra in Granada, Spain, among a lot of other Arabic Influences left in Architecture and other aspects of our Cultures. We treasure those influences the same way we treasure Roman Influences as much weird as that can sound for who doesn't know Portuguese and Spanish History.
Don't you guys have a hate boner for the Arabs yet you love their architecture...
Least hypocritical European I guess.
@@rohankishibe8259 dont you hate western countries but ready to die to come to Western countries..funny little moslem..
Cordoba already existed prior to the Islamic invaders, its a Roman legacy
Reconquista p.2 neededddddd
They should make a series out of this almost like game of thrones or Vikings!
Interesting and informative video
Europe will possibly need to be "reconquisted" again.
I pray for it
@@rizzllerr Same
Yep
Cope
@@mhm6262Ooi Muhamad, what are you doing in Reconquista video,
This video misrepresents history somewhat. It wasn’t always a Christian vs. Islam deal. Often there were Christians allied with Muslims against other Christians. Also, the kingdom of Catalonia never existed, and the kingdom of Galicia is missing from the period of Ordoño II in the tenth century.
As a Iberian I'm proud of my ancestors did, D. PELAGIO is the warrior king 👑 of all Iberians, from Algarve to basque country, and Galiza to Catalunia and everything between
Are you forgetting where Pelagius was from and the cradle of the Reconquest? ASTURIAS.. the only region never conquered by the Moors.
I really like the idea that a website like this one, with more than a million and a half followers, makes a video about a specific period in the history of the current states of Spain and Portugal. It is a very good way for those who are interested to learn something new. Having said this in the first place, since I consider it the most important thing, I must also say the negative part. I find it very worrying that a channel that appears to be quite well documented, talks about the "Kingdom of Catalonia". Such a kingdom never existed, since Catalonia was a County subordinated to the crown of Aragon, in Catalonia there was never a king. A Count was a vassal nobleman who was subordinated to the orders of a king, just as today a Province is still part of the State. The relations were logically different from those of this example, but to speak of the Kingdom of Catalonia is a serious mistake that, if not corrected, will cause greater confusion in the future.
Never loose hope.
Even with nearly all the country occupied the Spanish managed to take it all back.
Yes
Very good
La escuela de Toledo worked both ways, translations from Cristian languages to Arabic and jewish and vice versa.
Drinking game for watching knowledgia. Whenever the narrator says nevertheless/nonetheless take a drink 🍸
It should be REMARKED that was said at 2:53 it is TOTALLY FALSE. There wasnt a Catalonian kingdom, just a bunch of minor counties. It wasnt until the marriage of the queen Petronilla of Aragon with Berenguer, Count of Barcelona (and posterior promotion to principality) that we will see the birth of the Crown of Aragon.
With all due respect, i think you guys should have investigated more about the topic.
The county of barcelona was more powerful than the kingdom of aragon ruled by petronila a 13 year old. Berenguer married her to effectively take control of Aragon and get the jure recognition,however in reality the catalan counties had been defacto independant for quite a while (they even had their own separate laws that were kept functioning in the principality of catalonia as a successor to what was a group of counties until the 17th century, in an equal relationship to the kingdom of aragon and the kingdom of valencia as part of the crown of aragon). This is a nomenclature issue more than real power or geopolitical relevance. The principality of monaco is independent without being a kingdom in the same way the catalan counties including the barcelona one were. An entity doesnt necessarily need to be a kingdom for a piece of land to be considered its own state. Catalonia itself might be incorrect at that time (although however in the crown of aragon the catalan counties were known as the principality or catalonia) but in a map it is easier to write that than specify all the different small counties that definition would need to include. Spanish nationalists always try to disregard catalan history all based in a pedophile relationship between Ramon Berenguer and Petronila of aragon, a 13 year old, a good, strong historic claim!
@@octavicolom4562 Yeah. So as i said, the ´´Kingdom of Catalonia´´ didnt exist as the video says.
However, i agree with you, Barcelona being the center of power of the Crown is the reason why catalan became the court language of Aragon and the only one to expand, and not aragonese.
I didnt mention any of the actual separatist/independence movement because both catalans and spanish get triggered so easily.
Most of History we are taught at school is totally false. The video gets more right than wrong. A very good video still cannot please everyone
@@octavicolom4562even if it was more powerful, it wasn’t a kingdom, no such title existed
@@franciscoamezcua6338 They should fight for independence, Spain is not an union it's Castile absorbing everyone else. Look at Galícia and Asturias their culture and native languages are dying.
Viva a reconquista cristã! one of the most important historical periods that is being left in the background so as not to increase tensions in europe.
Stay strong iberian brothers ✝💪
You're God damn right!!
AllahuAKBAR
Islam will win all over the world via spiritual way
All mankind were born Muslims 😎
Catalonia never existed as a kingdom or any kind of political entity. It was created later as a principality by the Crown of Aragon, without political comsequences.
County of Barcelona was more or less within the borders of catalonia
@@ksodz1397 No, Counties of Barcelona, Osona and Gerona were ruled by the count of Barcelona, but the others (Besalú, Cerdaña, Rosellón, Ampurias, Lérida, Tortosa, etc) used to have its own count before they were conquered or incorporated to Aragon. Catalonia was created later by the Crown of Aragon in order to join those heterogeneous territories into the territory of the realm of Aragon.
6:03 is a familiar sight if you play EU4
awesome
No shame of repulsing the invaders who treated us like shit!
VIVA LA RECONQUISTA IBERICA!
why did the holy spanish go on an invade latin america, treat it like BullSh1t, hypocritical spanish
@@youwhat491 because for survive the colonisation they had to became expansive xenophobic colonizers.
Muslims with their oppression created a monster.
Too because muslims refused to share spices with them.
Bruh
Yes.
The tail end of the Reconquista, seeing how it is nearly complete, allowed the 2 states to shift their energies towards the seas as well.
It is politically incorrect to talk about Christians and Muslims since we are talking about colonizing occupiers and the anti-colonizing anti-imperialist resistance of Iberian natives, so it is politically correct to talk about occupiers and natives, occupation and resistance, colonization and liberation.
Nice Video!
Minion.
There are a few thing bad in this video.
-The "infamous" Spanish inquisition started in 1492, after the reconquista was finished. It's estimated there were 1000 executions (in the whole empire 31M pop, not just Spain) between 1530-1630 and 250 between 1630 and 1730. While in Germany (with less population 16M pop, and in a short period) executed 2500. All of this AFTER the reconquista
-Catalonia was not a Kingdom, they not were even united at all, they were a group of independent counties.
-Asturias was not an independent or different Kingdom, it's the succesor of the Visigoth Kingdom, the ones who exile from the rest of the peninsula seek shelter there
-The kingdom of Portugal appears from the Kingdom of Galicia (that later was annexed by Leon), not from Leon
-The Catholic Kings invaded Granada cause the new Emir refuse to keep the payments not just for "intolerance".
Great animations and good resume
Thank God that happen! God bless Portugal and Spain 🙏❤️
Same for Constantinople thanks to allah
@@mateenundre1415ol Christianity went from being cornered to conquering an entire continent out of nowhere.
It’s almost like God meant Christianity and the Spanish people to spread after the crusade of Granada. If He’s picking favorites, it’s not Turkey because the Balkans went on to spit out their language and culture.
@@jpor7259 Christianity went from conquering an entire continent to being humiliated by sodomites in the modern day.
@@mateenundre1415 stupid muslim comment haha
Thanks to the Franks, actually
Thus the story goes full circle. The jews were expelled upon completion of the Reconquista after both Latin and Arabic chroniclers recorded that is was the jews who "opened the gates of Toledo" to Tariq allowing the conquest in 711.
jews supported tariq because they were horrendusly treeted under the visigoths.
Always that chose people making trouble yet they always claim they are the victims
We need another reconquista ASAP
the thing is that in a sort of way iberian christian kingdoms had always been very devoted and the cultures of Iberian Visigothic origin kinda gave away a huge sense of religious responsibility onto the christian iberian cultures, and cultures like Castillian Aragonesse and galacian were not only heavily influenced by christianity but chatolisism itself, and unlike muslims this huge cultural-religion hybridization helped not only maintain huge devotion towards the catholic church but also maintain huge amounts of order and identity within the catholic cultures, wich was the complete opposite of muslim iberian cultures, wich were very divided by the many branches of islam that existed in the kingdoms for many years, this mostly didn't help unite the lands unlike christian kingdoms, also is worth noticing that spanish(christian) identity on its own is very strong and this can be seen in divergent hybrid cultures of Spanish culture from the new world (Mexican, Argentinian, Chilean, Colombian, Dominican, Cuban, Puerto Rican, etc..) many of this cultures even thought have huge masses of populations today with different religious backgrounds most of this ones weather are mostly of native descent or more european descent still have huge masses of christian-culture hybridization having many holidays and many other religious catholic practices stil being practiced by every religious group this because of how strong the relation between Catholicism and Spanish culture is and can be seen in divergent cultures, another thing worth focusing is that cultures like dominican where they had been under control and more influence by spanish colonist the percentage of catholics is arround 57 and evangelist are 25 and the rest have no religion thats an insane percentage of christians where compared to countries like chile wich have similar population only 48% is catholic showing how a little bit more of time and control in influence from spanish culture can heavily influence a region about cristianity i mean the most catholic continent in the world is America (South and Central America along Caribbean for Gringos) this due to the iberian influence of portuguese and spanish showing that really the most devoted of european cultures are christian iberian ones.
Spanish Christians were far from unified. The victory of Asturias was a bee sting the Ummayad behemoth. And many of the Christians that layer emerged, Leon, Castile, Navarre, Aragon, Portugal spent many centuries trying to outmanuever each other land disputes, saying, assassination, incitement of revellion, and somes even outright war. It wasn't till later they unified under a crusader banner. That didn’t stop them from appeasing or vassalixong Muslim lords and enlisting their soldiers among Christian tanks.
If we don’t watch out we have to do it again !
Also most of the Muslims in the peninsula where visigoths and ibero-romans, the only Arabs or African Muslims that stayed in the peninsula were politicians, nobles and high rank military, so there wasn’t a lot of inter-racial marriages.
Forgot to comment about the foundation of Ceuta and Melilla, the wars between Muslims and Muslims and Christians with Christians and the civil wars
Thats not true, there was free transit in muslim world.
In this video we can learn a lot about the importance of unity
Great video! Very well summarised! 👍👍👍
Only worth to mention at about minute 02:50 : initially, the original lands of Catalonia where a handful of counties, the main of them under the rule/vassalage of the County of Barcelona (founded in the year 801), the actual origin of Catalonia; a more precise denomination would be Barcelona instead of Catalonia thought (the term "Catalonia" would explicitly appear a bit latter, at about the 12th century), also worth to mention that Catalonia had never been "officially" a kingdom, never existed the "Kingdom of Catalonia" properly, but on the other side, the County of Barcelona was such a powerful and independent (since 988) one that matched, equalised, the neighbouring kingdoms actually.
So it can be said that it was a kind of a kingdom (yet for the sake of simplification/summarisation, it is perfectly acceptable and comprehensive to call it Catalonia nonetheless), therefore it explains why it was able to join its neighbouring Kingdom of Aragon (created in and independent since 1035) to form together the Crown of Aragon (in the year 1137).
🟨🟥🟨🟥🟨🟥🟨🟥🟨
Forgetting the "de facto" and way more powerful kingdom of Valencia in the Corona de Aragón.
Amen.🙏.
Great video but wish you mentioned Queen Urraca and Queen Petronilla. You just skipped from King Alfonso VI to King Alfonso VII without mentioning Queen Urraca!! :(
So cool to learn about history from parts of the world that don't get as much love (at least in the US). Very interesting.
@@c.b.3883 sounding quite bitter for a nation that did exactly the same things as those "toothless pirates" 😂😂
You aren't a victim because your country lost a war after mass genocide in the name of colonialism 😂
@@c.b.3883 "How can you love Spain when you stole our land of America." girl america stole its land from the indigenous ppls, whats the point ur trying to make lmao
@@c.b.3883 you discovered the Americas and enslayved it’s people and rayped them out of existence. Are we suppose to feel sorry for you, savages? You came off much better than you deserved.
@@c.b.3883 Calm down, Spanish didn't explore all of America and it's not like you didn't get enough of it😂
this isnt the best history channel though. I recommend Kings and Generals and Jabzy. Its my impression that they do much better research and have a much broader and more nuanced historical understanding.
Any historian which calls the inquisition INFAMOUS, is totally not a serious historian....
Exactly, The Moorish invasion of Iberia began in 711 AD, and the last Moorish kingdom in Iberia fell in 1492 AD. So, 781 years for the average person is pretty much as good as forever. The fact that Northern Christians were able to adapt, and take back their lands from the Muslims starting from 718: Battle of Covadonga to 1492: The Fall of Grenda is beyond impressive
Forced Conversions are not good, yes
@@mrabdi851tell that to the Muslims.