Stereochemistry: Crash Course Organic Chemistry #8
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- čas přidán 10. 07. 2024
- The shape of molecules is super important to life as we know it. In this episode of Crash Course Organic Chemistry we’re learning about stereochemistry and how to identify molecules as chiral or achiral. And as always, we’ll be doing a lot of practice!
Episode Sources:
“THINK BIG! Must the molecules of life always be Left-Handed or Right-Handed?” Smithsonian Magazine.
Spinoff 2004 - “A NATURAL WAY TO STAY SWEET”, NASA.
Series Sources:
Brown, W. H., Iverson, B. L., Ansyln, E. V., Foote, C., Organic Chemistry; 8th ed.; Cengage Learning, Boston, 2018.
Bruice, P. Y., Organic Chemistry, 7th ed.; Pearson Education, Inc., United States, 2014.
Clayden, J., Greeves, N., Warren., S., Organic Chemistry, 2nd ed.; Oxford University Press, New York, 2012.
Jones Jr., M.; Fleming, S. A., Organic Chemistry, 5th ed.; W. W. Norton & Company, New York, 2014.
Klein., D., Organic Chemistry; 1st ed.; John Wiley & Sons, United States, 2012.
Louden M., Organic Chemistry; 5th ed.; Roberts and Company Publishers, Colorado, 2009.
McMurry, J., Organic Chemistry, 9th ed.; Cengage Learning, Boston, 2016.
Smith, J. G., Organic chemistry; 6th ed.; McGraw-Hill Education, New York, 2020.
Wade., L. G., Organic Chemistry; 8th ed.; Pearson Education, Inc., United States, 2013.
***
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R for 'right handed'
S for 'shleft handed'
'Sinistra' is Latin/Italian for 'left', but I don't know if that's where S enantiomers get their name from...
I got curious and checked Wikipedia, which had this to say: "The R/S system is an important nomenclature system used to denote distinct enantiomers. Another system is based on prefix notation for optical activity: (+)- and (−)- or d- and l-. The Latin words for left are laevus and sinister, and the word for right is dexter (or rectus in the sense of correct or virtuous). The English word right is a cognate of rectus. This is the origin of the L/D and S/R notations, and the employment of prefixes levo- and dextro- in common names." 🤓
Sinister/rectus = left/right in Latin. The other convention is L/D from laevus/dexter, which basically means the same thing. More litterally, when not referred to a direction rectus=right/correct/straight, sinister=opposite/unfavorable, laevus=unable and dexter=able/expert.
Recter and Sinister
That's what it was if I remember correctly. Anyway, I am horrible at O-chem.
This video has brought to light Samuel L. Jackson's secret twin, Samuel D. Jackson.
have you been getting into the solvents' cabinet again?
@@EricDKaufman It was one time, geez.
*WHY ARE WE NOT INVESTING IN L-GLUCOSE RESEARCH!*
Why aren't you? There's a literal fortune just waiting to be grabbed.😜
cause aspartame is cheaper and kills us faster
Since making L-Glucose is expensive and virtually has 0 calories, why don't they just sell it to high-end restaurant?
Disclaimer: I'm not an expert
Did a little research, it looks like L-Glucose is also a laxative, which probably makes it unsuitable for use as a sweetener. Oh well. 😕
Because a lot of research has already been done and maybe some still going on. For now, eating gold would be more affordable than eating L-Glucose. Experiments of obtaining it from L-Glucose isomers like L lactose and L fructose have been tried, but they are still expensive.
Anyway, we have hundreds of sugar substitutes already, many are natural and few also provides health benefits like stevia which also reduces blood pressure. Sucralose is artificial and also heat stable but low calorie (which is good). Aspartame is also good to go unless you have phenylketonuria. Saccharin is also a zero calorie sweetener.
I majored in Chemistry in college and I am a physician now. You’re giving me PTSD.
Haha! I'm a registered chemist. I did my speciality in organic chemistry. I switched to environment after my undergrad (graduated in 2009). Never did organic chemistry since. I can't believe it used to be second nature to me. What 10 years of not practicing something can do!!
Lol, Biologist here, I feel like in all of the Ochem I was taught (highschool and undergrad) nobody ever explained how to determine L and R enantiomers. I really appreciate the way this course really goes hard into the foundations.
Wanna be particle physicist here - when will the English language version of this series be available?
Wow, I'm just a student :/
@@BenTajer89 Funny because I was taught how to determine R/S enantiomers as part of my Organic Chemistry class during my last year of college (the equivalent of the first year of college in the US, we have a different school system) and as part of my Organic Chemistry 101 during my first semester at university (it would be the second year for a US student), which is a mandatory class for both chemistry and biochemistry students.
Whenever I watch this channel I can only think about (other than the video topic) how long it must take to write the script in order to have maximum information density.
As a beginner educational content creator, I’ve been waiting so long for crash course organic chemistry to begin. Finally seeing these videos puts a smile on my face :)
Flaming Basketball Club oh for sure 😅 I’ve been waiting for ochem since I was a freshman in college. Been a fan since day 1, and studied along side their videos for gen chem
Flaming Basketball Club graduated
Flaming Basketball Club thank you! My dream is to be teach/be a professor one day
Flaming Basketball Club yeah it’s sad 😣 radicals in any direction are detrimental
absolutely no one said its a lil too easy show me something complicated lol.
great lecture btw thanks!
I don't really understand what Ive just learned. But I like these feeling of knowing something new
When she said that was easy i freaked alittle, im here for fun but i usally have to watch these videos 2-3 times
This reminds me of a Philips K Dick short story. Physicist were studying extra dimensions, while the machine was on, a janitor walked into it and they thought he died. But it turns out the janitor was unharmed. They decided to keep a close eye on him. When the next day's newspaper came in, the janitor exclaimed that he couldn't read the paper, the letters and printed in mirror image. He also had a notebook on him, all the letters were also mirror-inverted. As far as doctors could tell, he was healthy. Throughout the months he was well fed but losing weight and becoming malnourished. The scientist realized the machine chirally flipped his entire body. Meaning he couldn't process normal food. They also figured it would be too expensive to pass food through the machine to feed one person and they arent sure if the janitor could survive another trip through the machine.
Good read, would recommend.
For the R/S nomenclature, there's a rule of thumb. Point your thumb in the direction of the constituent with the lowest priority (#4). Then, wrap your hand around rotating along the axis of your thumb starting with the constituent with the highest priority (#1) following with #2 and #3. Your wrist should hit #1, your palm should hit #2 and your fingers #3. If you use your right hand it's a R isomer and if you use your left hand it's a S isomer.
“But is it *too* easy” is exactly what I was thinking 😅
Y’all 😭. I really could’ve used this sophomore year 2.5 years ago
Stereochemistry discovered by Jacobus van 't Hoff, for which he recieved the first Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1901
Thank you for this! I'm always happy to learn new stuff 😊
I am Brazilian and I need say thanks for this videos because this help me a lot in my school because in my country the school is really bad so I learn more here
I hope that I wrote right my English it isn't so good
@@oitudobem2046 I understood you.
@@jackfrost2014 thanks ^^
Wow!! I thought I was the only Brazilian who accompanied the channel, greetings! ;)))
@@geovannamartins2243 não você não é mas só conheci agora mesmo apareceu no recomendados depois de eu ver o canal ciência todo dia
This really helped me a lot in understanding organic chemistry. Thank you for all your efforts
Funny trip down memory lane! TFS!
All of your videos are inspiring, thanks for this wonderful videos Crash Course 👏
thanks a lot Deboki.very helpful and simplified
this is the only part of organic i love
Really important and well done, thanks so much
Thank you so much for making this.
Now I understand the nomenclature for chiral matter in Death Stranding
13:31 I'm assuming that the 2 chiral centers you are referring to are the two carbons who are bonded to chloride.
But I thought that the definition of a chiral center, is a carbon which is bonded to 4 different groups, and those carbons are bonded to 4 groups, but 2 of them are carbons, so they are bonded to 3 different groups in total.
So what is the definition of a chiral center? Is it a carbon that doesn't have a superimposable mirror image?
suuuuch a helpful video! made me finally understand the topic, thanks ❤
Basics of teleportation.
Dis and reassembly.
Thank you so much, it was very helpful.
Deboki thank you you’re hilarious 😂
Please be regular Crash Course Organic Chem!
My uni could just give up on online lessons and replace them with this series. The grades would increase exponentially
Amazing!
I will surely going to research in the topic D glucose 😃😄
I'm so early atoms haven't even been discovered yet
At no point did I think this was too easy! Now.... Where's my aspirin!
The flowchart at 12:58 doesn't work for methylcyclopentane. It doesn't have more than one chiral center, so the chart would call it chiral when it's actually achiral because of its plane of symmetry.
methylcyclopropane does not have a chiral centre
Pls cover soon expected to load daily so that i can learn
organic chemistry and do well
A video on "Dipole moment "of organic compounds plsssssss
YES YES YES !
I watch these for fun
Man this channel can do anything just to help us understand science 😀
Because of you I have also started my own CHANNEL 😀
Insane 😲
There might be a mistake at 7:44. She says “2(R)-butan-2-ol” but the visual just says “(R)-butan-2-ol”. Same with the other enantiomer
Good catch! Deboki was saying 2R to really reinforce the chiral center is at the 2-carbon. However, the IUPAC doesn’t require the additional 2 in the name, and we wanted to put up the IUPAC-accepted nomenclature. Both are correct!
Was wondering the same
@@crashcourse Thanks for the clarification
I had the same confusion
I wanna see hank more
Thanx
for a lesson on the importance of chirality in medicine... thalidomide is a teratogen because of chirality.
Does the method of determining the R/S naming correspond to the optical activity of the enantiomers? So all R compounds rotate polarized light in the same direction, and all S's the other?
Nope! they have nothing to do with each other.
I could do an entire episode just rapid fire excercises
It’s so weird to see one view on a CZcams video
According to your flow chart at 12:55 methylcyclopentane is chiral? There's a chiral centre, there is only one, so that takes us to chiral?
This is definitely tricky! Methylcyclopentane doesn’t have a chiral carbon, so the answer to the first question is actually “no”! We’ve drawn it with the solid wedge to show how the methyl group can point up in 3D space, but it’s not on a chiral carbon. To check this out for yourself, start on the carbon you think is chiral. Then, walk your fingers around the ring--you’ll see that carbon is bonded to a CH2 group, then another CH2 group, and then your fingers meet up. Since that carbon is bonded to two identical groups, it is achiral. Cyclic compounds can be really tricky, so thanks for leaving us a comment so we can try to help you understand it better!
To the person reading this. May you have beautiful life ahead #Spreadlove
stfu hippy
Thanks! Same to you :)
Don't listen to the hater
Thanks sweetheart, may I wish the same to yourself
Dope
Hi, I'm that rubik's guy at the end. 😂
I searched chiral on wikipedia and read the first paragraph after watching this video and not understanding a word, Now that was some very complicated way of saying: can I rotate a mirrored molecule back to the original molecule. If yes achiral, otherwise chiral. I also still don't understand the S and R thing. When viewing clockwise and starting at 1. I can have the following sequences 1,2,3,4 and 1, 4, 3, 2 , so those are S and R but I can also have 1,2,4,3 which is then something? Or is there a reason why 1,2,4,3 is not possible?
The problem is you've got all 4 around the center. 4 should be behind the center so you can count 1, 2, 3 only.
I love hacking chemistry 😂
What is the practical application of this?
I thought this involved sound!
Top
Is diasteomer another word for achiral
The S enatiomer being on the right side bugs me just ever so slightly 😖
aaah yes the S for sleft handed
Rip astronaut at the background while the Dr taste the glucose
Thanks! Madam, Requesting kindly make more n more videos on POWERBI. Or AZURE DATAFACTORY.
We all waiting for you new videos
If I could do anything I wanted, I'd work with electronics and chemistry - and electrochemistry I guess lol... But, alas, I can't do anything I want and I guess I'll just continue to bus tables for $10/hr even with an IT degree and just watch CZcams videos and study on my own and fantasize about being a scientist and improving the world. Woe is me lol.
electrochem is not just a combination of electronics and chemistry since it has topics unique to it. if youre interested in any of them you should take a degree in them.
Truee. Sometimes you need to distant yourself to get a better life. Cut off problematic people from your life no need to beg people to stay in your life,keep your circle smol. Don't die for people who doesn’t try to understand you and manush k dekhay dekhay more jay that they love you and respect you the most lol and yes most importantly stay away from snakes and fake people 😂 enough lectures for today. Aro dorkar hoile inbox me😝
You cut of the graphics way to fast.
Mam I watched all episodes. I understand some topics. This is very useful. This is good for revision.
Mam I have a question for you.
You are Indian???????
why do we call it "stereo" i've looked up latin definitions and it still has to do with sound
"Stereos" means "solid" in Greek, if I'm not mistaken. Solid as in 3-dimensional :)
PS: stereo music is the one with at least a left and right channel, as opposed to mono! Same concept!
@@AelwynMr thanks i couldn't find that didn't think greek
@@OwenSoundMusicalicia you have to look at what stereo- (prefix) means in English as opposed to stereo (noun/adjective) means in english, latin or greek but yeah previous reply is correct
5th
d
,But I was taught in college that biology is a social construct
Hello
Hi 👋🏻
I'm getting the app....it better be free
Second
Your teaching is Swift can you please teach little slow
in a matter of seconds she's got 335 views plus me
what?
What is her instagram handle ??
So boring....but I can't stop.
Lol
149th
6th viewer
Fourteenth
@@ab-wj8yg would you prefer I be 31st and claim 1st or be 1st and claim 14th
Huh 🤯🤔
U r so late 😢
1st view
I find this boring asf!
I don't think so
This viode is really really helpfull thym @creshcourse
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Hello
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@@elizabethCorkins83 It's a bot.
@@elizabethCorkins83 hii
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