Inglorious Revolutions: Explaining the Jacobite Cause | FULL DOCUMENTARY
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- čas přidán 14. 03. 2022
- If Jacobitism was the answer, what was the question?
Before Bonnie Prince Charlie, Prestonpans or Culloden, before the ‘United Kingdom’ was even a thing, there was the ‘89: the original Jacobite Rising. We’ve often mentioned the Jacobites during our historical forays among the Munros, but we’ve never taken the time to explain their cause.
In this history special, we go back to where it all began - the momentous events of the 17th Century - to find out just who were the Jacobites, and what exactly did they want?
Patreon: / themunrosvoyage - Zábava
The Bonnie Dundee, my 4th cousin 9 times removed. Thank you for bringing him to life. As i research our glorious history. Many thanks.
Oh wow; a distinguished heritage indeed! Many thanks for watching and commenting, much appreciated. I’m honoured and very pleased you enjoyed it. 🙏
@@UtopiaPlanitiaStudios Yes, as I am finding out through DNA, it is a bit overwhelming. SERVA JUGAM. Thanks mate.
If you really want him brought to life read Lady Magdalen by Robin Jenkins. His life through the eyes of his wife. Cant recommend it enough.
Curse this name forever !
@@roberfred760 why cause ya mum likes it?
Man these videos are criminally under rated. The quality of the information and delivery here is superb, your dry humour had me nearly spitting out my porridge at times! Bravo my friend 👏
Haha thanks, glad you enjoyed it! 👍
A couple of small things, James VI/I was the son, not grandson of Mary Queen of Scots, Charles I was not a catholic but more of a "High Anglican" who annoyed the Puritan wing of the Protestant Church of England.
Thanks Marcus, duly noted. 👍 I’ll attempt to edit it accordingly.
@@UtopiaPlanitiaStudios your welcome.
To be exactly correct he was ceremonial high Anglican under to direction of archbishop lLaud. It might be worth remembering that those like Cromwell called independents were actually inclined to allow freedom of worship for any form of protestant worship. The huge problem with Catholics was allegence to Rome was supposed to superceded all national oaths of loyalty. It was essentially a security issue linked to terrorism. Although the holy see stopped sanctioning voiolent intervention even before the gunpowder plot it did not stop radicals and we never forgot how close we came to invasion when Spain was at the height of its power. The holy see recognised the Hanoverian succession.
Excellent details, thankyou!
It is almost certain that Charles the second converted to catholic faith on his death bed. The public and nobility were probably prepared to put up with a Catholic James as he was fairly old and his two daughters were raised church of England. The nail in his coffin was the birth of his son
the paintings and portraits were wonderful. a well distilled documentary.
Many thanks for watching, really glad you enjoyed it.
I come back to enjoy such great, true history. In awe much.
You forgot to put your patreon link in description. Keep up the great videos!
Thanks for reminding me! Cheers, glad you enjoy them.
Very nicely done.
Thank you very much!
You also raise a great point about the Stuarts being wishy-washy on the Gaelic/Celtic cause. Far from being its champions, during their time as King of Scots, they'd actually accelerated the anglicisation of Scotland. Had James I not displaced Gaelic speakers from certain islands and replaced them with lowland English speakers? All they had to show for themselves was a tenuous link to 11th century High King of Ireland, Brian Boru (his Latin title will interest Scots: 'Imperator Scotorum').
Its curious today how the French will accuse the British of being so alien, and vice-versa. Reality check: the English and French ruling classes shared the exact same French culture for much of the Middle Ages. Look at the English language, it still has an inferiority complex towards French, how do you think that happened? It was us, the Gaels who had the weird, unusual socioeconomic and cultural system, distinct from both powers (like Switzerland in today's Europe). High time we reminded people of these basic facts, and perhaps took a leaf out of Wales, Catalonia and Basque country's books and became serious about our native languages.
"Tír gan teanga, tír gan anam"
James I was a Protestant, of course he was keen to settle English/Scottish Protestants in the Highlands and Ulster which were Catholic regions.
Tha gu dearbh mo chara...
EIRICH A RIST!
"If you can't explain it simply, you don't understand it well enough,"
- Einstein
@@dissapointingopinions4877it wasn't protestant against Catholic. Learn your history please.
I am really enjoying your production, somewhat small text is hard for older eyes to take in, but great stuff and the wit and humour are helpful. Well done.
Noted and thanks for the useful feedback. It’s always a fine balance between detail and overall clarity when designing captions or cartography because some prefer a lot of visual information but I certainly don’t want viewers to have to repeatedly pause the video to read the on-screen text. I’ll increase the visibility going forward.
@@UtopiaPlanitiaStudios yes thank you for your consideration in future episodes to increase the size of the writing.
(New Viewer here) I for one have recently been diagnosed with some visual problems so the smaller text for me is indeed difficult to sometimes see. However, none the less it does not take away from my enjoyment of this video. I really appreciated all the time and effort that went into making such an absolutely marvelously, visually stunning piece of work and also something that is highly, highly educational and informative. My Supreme admiration to you for all of your fine efforts. Looking forward to seeing more of your channel.
Even Charles Edward Stuart recognized the bad things done by his predeccesors in a public letter written in Edinbourgh were he defended the Jacobite cause.
I think he ment to do well for the Gaelic since despite the advise of his advisors he in his declarations/Edicts dissolved the act of union in Edinbourgh. Also learned bit of gaelic enough to have some level of conversation with the highlanders.
Thanks for the history. Waiting on more munros
They’re coming!
4:37 can you please give me the source for this backround image? i think this was the painting of George Mackenzie, 1st Earl of Cromartie, handing over authority to James Douglas, 2nd Duke of Queensberry.
Hi!
It’s Charles II (left) with his brother James, then Duke of York and later James VII and II (right).
Just subbed. To a history buff like me, quality videos like this are juicy red meat. 🙂👍
Awesome, thank you!
I enjoyed it even though I am English, thanks. Although I was born in Australia as my parents took the £10 incentive too (I read the opus 2 comments up) It's a mess but it made us what we are, every Sasanach still fears a highland charge to this day. Can we keep the UK if the power be moved to Holyrood please? I mean it! P.S I know about your highlander train & ferry passes but I won't tell any Southerners.
Haha! Thanks for watching, glad you enjoyed it. I too have English blood so it’s all good!
Brilliant! really well detailed and you are a great storyteller. I do however wish that on 49 minutes, after The Battle of the Boyne part, that you could have spared a few seconds to mention the sieges of Athlone (my hometown, hence my disappointment in not getting a mention) in 1690 and 1691 and The Battle of Aughrim in 1691 which was a major battle before jumping straight to Limerick and the signing of the treaty. Having said that, I still thoroughly enjoyed this video.
You raise a good point; the subtitle should perhaps be ‘Explaining the _Scottish_ Jacobite Cause’. I’d have loved to include greater detail on the origins of the Stuarts, James VII’s Irish campaign and many other aspects of the history but in order to keep things moving at a decent pace such elements had to be reduced to the basic facts. _It is not my intention to ignore or trivialise the events in question_ .
As always, thanks for watching.
Peace!✌️
56:10 - From what I researched, according to national trust portraits, the picture on the left may not even be Bonnie Dundee though. Painted by Peter Lely in 1675, so Dundee would be 27 years old in that painting. Painting on the left looks like a 40-50 year old rather than a young man. It does have similarities to other portraits of Dundee however, who knows! 👀 interesting video however, enjoyed it.
The Stuart's played power politics against the Gaels, but the Hannoverians committed genocide. Money and finance won against culture and tradition.
Could we have the weather conditions at the battle of colodden
The coronation with its Protestant and Military emphasis shows we haven't moved on. I wonder if any Stuarts were even invited
It’s all a bit pathetic isn’t it. Waving Union Jack flags in celebration of a Dutch-German lineage is as stupid now as it was in 1689.
Couldn’t see any examples of the Stuart Nose on display…
Bring back the ancient lines of Kenneth MacAlpin
Anything to do with Scotland just has to have strange obscure music in the background
You mean the Gaelic music? 😂
Excellent !
Many thanks!
@@UtopiaPlanitiaStudios Just a bit of info you might find interesting. My best man at my wedding many years ago was a good friend Peter Pininski. He is related to the Prince through his fathers side and related to I think Charlotte Duchess of Albany's surviving daughter. Charlotte was the child of Clementina Walkinshaw and the Prince ? Also Peters mother was Jean Graham and obviously of that clan but not sure if related to Bonnie Dundee ? Interesting the dual connections to the rebellion history ?
I see nothing about the exiles under king Charles to st Vincent' and jamacia etc, is there a reason why?
What are you talking about?
Can l ask you a question, did the Munro''s and the Lindsey''s get along ? These two clans have just come up in my DNA.
Clan Munro were a Highland clan from Easter Ross, while the Lindsays were a Lowland family.
It’s difficult to imagine they would have had much interaction, much less any kind of inter-clan relationship.
If anyone has information to the contrary, feel free to correct me on this.
Many thanks for responding.
👍
❤
Why is the text so tiny though 🤳🔎 👀
While you can zoom in if using a mobile device, this film is best enjoyed on a TV-sized screen.
Would it be fair to say that for people of the time Jacobitism meant different things for different people?
Undoubtedly. More so as time went on towards Colluden.
Great video, thank you. I have always thought that Anglicans are kid on Protestants, Presbyterians are the real Protestants. Say's a lad raised in the Church of Scotland whose wife & daughter are Philippine catholics. 🤪💙🏴
Its not only the Stuart’s the Stuart’s were insufferable, because they were so arrogant and pig headed, but the truth is that the Stuarts were without doubt callas.
Let’s not forget the Stuarts did great harm to Ireland, I think as far as the Irish were concerned fighting for their Catholic faith was the true cause, however in Scotland I think it came down to independence.
Let’s not forget also the Highlanders were descended from the Irish !
Indeed.
The harm the Stuarts did to Ireland is well noted in the film.
In ‘Fallen Kingdom’, we looked at the history of Highland settlement by Irish Celts and Scandinavians that created the Ghàidhealtachd. :)
The Stuart's were prodestant james 1 charles 1 charles 11 and james 11 Charles 11 changed on his death bed james changed earlier when his first prodestant wife died and he meet his 2nd catholic wife which didnt go down well with his 2 prodestant daughters anne and mary who back stabbed there father aided and abetted by john churchill and sarah churchill the Stuart's were a cursed family never had any luck
I think there are some bias around the glorious revolution. Although as said it wasn’t excepted as a whole but the GR was the nail in the coffin of monarch absolutism and the start of parliamentary supremacy which I think was ultimately a good thing
Thanks for watching and for your excellent comment.
The progress made in the 1689 Bill of Rights - primacy of legislature over the executive- was definitely a good thing. The whole faux-invasion thing is what we’re ridiculing: William was forced to accept being constrained by Parliament to his great frustration.
As mentioned in the film, the ideas the Jacobites espoused were on the wrong side of history.
This progressive movement towards more democratic ways of government is expanded upon in Inglorious Revolutions: Act of Union which just went up last week. :)
@@UtopiaPlanitiaStudios great content though don’t get me wrong I have spent a good few hours with your voice in my ear
Thanks so much mate, means a lot!
Inglorious Revolutions: Act of Union | Part One (1690-1700):
czcams.com/video/fLtJjFJcld8/video.html
Think u show James 1 as grandson of mqs
Indeed this is an error as noted. He was the son, not the grandson of Mary Queen of Scots
I'm confused. You state that it was a Scotish King (James 1st of England, 6th of Scotland) that created a divided Ireland, but you then blame the English for all the events that happened since.
James could only annexe Ulster because he was King of England, Scotland and Ireland. That he was Scottish is beside the point.
Please explain where I “blame the English”.
I state factually that the English/British establishment treated the Irish as subhumans in the ensuing centuries.
Besides, Cromwell was English…
@@UtopiaPlanitiaStudios It was yesterday that I watched your video so I'm replying from memory...
Didn't you state that it was Scotish settlers who inhabited Northern Ireland under a Scotish King who also ruled England? Did I misunderstand?
Cromwell was English and claims about his lack of vanity doesn't make him a good ruler but from what you said, this all happened before Cromwell, though he didn't improve the situation.
@MrMarccj The Scottish Lowlands and Borders were home to a great deal of Englishmen and women by this time. It is the British state that would continue James and Cromwell’s legacies of ignorance and prejudice towards the Irish and Catholicism.
James didn’t come up with the idea of the Ulster plantation alone. The English Protestant establishment were also a major proponent - not primarily motivated by racism, but their hatred for the Catholic Irish, which of course soon became indistinguishable from racial prejudice… because that’s what it was.
Where was the question of land and enclosure in all of this?
The question of land ownership can't really be said to be a key factor in the origins of the Jacobite cause, but it would play a part later in its history. The early Jacobites were more concerned with matters such as succession and religion. However,the theft of highlanders' land comes up in 'Knives in the Dark' and elsewhere in the Glen Coe Saga. Enclosure was a later development that will be explored in future videos including the forthcoming 'Inglorious Revolutions II'.
@@UtopiaPlanitiaStudios Wasn't there a serious enclosure problem in England already at that time?
I remember reading somewhere that Charles Stuart was the last king of England to stand in the way of encroaching enclosure in the English countryside, and that this is a big part of what got him killed by the nobility and a big reason why so many poor ordinary people supported him.
@nebojsag.5871 Quite possibly!
Very blinkered history channel, forgets about the massacres that came before the Glorious Revolution of 1688 including the hounding and massacre of far more covenanters than highlanders by James 2nd because of their faith, also not forgetting the 1641 Rebellion in Ireland that Cromwell retributed revenge upon
Coming in hot there chief. I think you’re confusing ‘forgot’ with ‘not the subject of the video’. James II was on the throne in the fifteenth century. If I was to include the entire history of the Stuarts the video would be several hours long and be way off-topic - which is the events that led to the Jacobite cause.
Cromwell’s Irish campaign is described in the video. Perhaps you should actually watch it all before claiming someone is “blinkered”.
You know exactly that James Stuart the 2nd of England was the one who persecuted and killed far more covenanters (take the prison yard in Edinburgh alone) than King William and following rulers ever killed of the highlanders! As for your detail covered on Cromwell, you forgot to tell how many protestants were slaughtered in the 1641 Rebellion, anywhere between 100,000 and 300,000! By the way you can try and pass it off as being a "war" against settlers but it's strange that England had rulers and citizens in Ireland from the 13th century (king John's castle in carling ford) but yet they were never persecuted and slaughtered! The Church of Rome and Jacobites didn't want civil and religious liberty which was eventually passed in parliament hence the name given Glorious Revolution which meant that the king could not decide where you worship!
I cant see God in any of this confusion.
What can I say, he declined the offer of a cameo role.
8:50 18:38 22:07 39:46
?
What’s the song in background?
@@UtopiaPlanitiaStudios what’s the song in the background?
@ShadowGamer191 All music is listed in the credits at the end of the video 58:46
56:45 The back hand at "Brexiteers" isn't adding to your credibility among most of us.
I couldn’t care less. 👍
@@UtopiaPlanitiaStudios You baked a decent enough cake, and then took a steamy shite on it.
All the comments about keyword warriors and twitter were out of place, offputting and made me stop and find another video on this subject.
Thanks for watching. While it may not work for you, the introduction attempts to draw humorous comparison with something people can relate to, otherwise known as ‘framing’.
The whole saga is slightly ridiculous. The tone of the intro acknowledges this aspect.
Blackbeard brought me here
The pirate? :)
When will England remember her Merry ol'soul and rightfully return herself to Our Blessed Mother, where she belongs.
All of Britannia IS Mary's Dowry. Remember thy glory O England, the Jewel of The Ancient Church and all of Christendom.
*+DEVS VVLT*
What?
Its funny how the English have mythologized the Williamite war so much (aka "glorious revolution"). Yeah, "bloodless" sure, completely ignoring all the warfare that took place on their next door Irish colony when it is convenient. And yeah, bringing "parliamentary supremacy" when it is an institution packed with unelected aristocrats (ie Whigs). Even English conservative historian Andrew Roberts freely admits in his book "Napoleon the Great", that there was very little democratic about the 18th century British parliament. And as for Catholic monarchs uniquely attached to absolutism? They haven't studied Joseph II of Austria/Holy Roman Empire, in that case, he was a big reformer. The Whigs (who wrote the histories) made up a lot of damn lies, and via the Victorians and the influence of the British Empire, they've unfortunately been with us ever since.
If any American wants to learn where the WASP supremacy complex comes from or indeed understand the roots of Brexit, all they need do is study the 16th and 17th centuries, its all there. Of course, the Stuarts weren't saints or great friend of Ireland either. James I colonized Ulster, leaving a mess that still haunts us today. Upon taking the English throne, he quickly became an English nationalist. As the Scottish know only too well today, London has that effect on people.
Warm regards to Scotland from Ireland. Your day will come :)
Agreed on all counts!
@@UtopiaPlanitiaStudios Fair play on your fine presentation, it must have taken some time to put together. I was recommended your video after watching a few from 'Scotland History Tours'.
One thing I'd push back on: the use of the terms totalitarian and fascist. Though those extreme ideologies have earlier roots, they were very much 20th century phenomena, which made use of the latest technology to bring death counts and state control to previously unimaginable levels.
When we debate the monarchs of this Early Modern Era, or indeed Roman Emperors for that matters, we should keep in mind that all we're doing is assessing which autocrats were effective and which were not. Only in the 19th cen do we truly have a paradigm change, where constitutions are sweeping Europe, and the electoral franchise is expanding.
The idea the British monarch immediately became powerless in 1690 is a nice myth. The House of Lords still held enormous veto power up until around 1900, and they got their seats the same way the Stuarts got their thrones: primogeniture. So let's not kid ourselves into suggesting anybody is democratic in the 17th century. As you point out, the Highland clans were in a desperate situation, why should they fear a powerful French monarch any more than a powerful English one? As we see in modern elections, sometime you vote for who you dislike least.
I think it's Unionists in Northern Ireland that have enshrined the event in myth more than the English.
They wrote themselves a bigger part than they played and put the Battle of the Boyne as the centerpiece even thought it was the Battle of Aughrim that was the most crucial even in the war.
The English don't dwell on the religious aspect whereas the Protestant Unionism celebrate it as a triumph over Catholic aggression. In reality it was to ensure the continued vile persecution of Irish Catholics under penal laws.
Read a very old book by Benjamin Franklin written in 1755 called the Observations Concerning the Increase of Mankind, Peopling of Countries make sure it’s the original book from 1755 because any after that starts telling you lies
Oh, you mean the short essay where Franklin complains about non-Anglo-Saxon people, even claiming his casual racism is only natural?
QUOTE: “why should the Palatine boors be suffered to swarm into our settlements, and by herding together establish their languages and manners to the exclusion of ours? Why should Pennsylvania, founded by the English, become a colony of Aliens, who will shortly be so numerous as to Germanize us instead of our Anglifying them, and will never adopt our language or customs, any more than they can acquire our complexion?"
That one? 🙄
@@UtopiaPlanitiaStudios ok read a book called the races of europe a sociological study by william z ripley ph d lecturer of anthropology at Columbia University in the city of New York New York the list goes on it’s not a secret anymore
@anthonybrookes4291 Please stop.
When you use terms like Islamaphobia any credibilty you may have had flies out of the window.
Oh no! Did the bad man on the screen say something you didn’t like??
Our thoughts and prayers go out to you at this difficult time.
Without doubt, the best way to convince others of your own credibility is to leave an objectively ridiculous comment that’s meant to be edgy but ultimately says more about you than anything else… _and actually boosts the video up the CZcams algorithm_ .
> Scottish King.
> Area filled with Scottish Immigrants.
> People and Dialect are literally called "Ulster Scots"
> Somehow blames the English.
Mkay.
To be fair, the settlers were not all Scottish. Besides, the Lowland population of Scotland was by that time composed of many English people or those of English descent and after all, James VI had to be _King of England_ to annexe Ulster.
Let’s not forget Cromwell either.
I hate the halo infinite sound track
Probably a good show but could not watch because of the background sound track.
What was it about the soundtrack you disliked?
@@UtopiaPlanitiaStudios not everyone hears sound the same way. High pitch for instance is lost to me. The background in your film I hear as white noise. It’s completely unnecessary and annoying. It ruins the whole effort for me. Thanks.
Don't mind the music but it could be toned down a bit as it makes listening a wee bit harder. 🏴🏴
The Stuart Kings descended from the line of King Robert the Bruce and Robert the second. Yet the Stuart were pro English Dominion under an English Government and Protestant Church, despite the bloody war, though it was the family of the Black Knight, The good Sir James Douglas, and when that family, and of whom I belong stood behind the Stuart Kings to keep them from setting so many English Lords over Scotland the Then Black Douglas was slain by the boy King of the Stuarts and his body thrown from a window from Stirling Castle. The King handed the titles and powers of this powerful family over to the Hamiltons, and the illigitimate Red Douglas family mostly landless with Tantalin Castle, while my ancestors were to become landless and in hiding as the mandate of the Union was thrown over the nation of Scotland. From then on Scotland was torn apart and most of Scotland and Ireland were persecuted and enslaved to the new world plantations in Canada, America, Australia and New Zealand. My ancestors sought the Sanctuary of the Church and the early sanctuary of the Holy orders of the Scots surviving Knights Temple and Hospitilliars of Saint John. After that the Jacobean age came to be and Bonny Prince Charlie as insipid and foolish military decisions brought down the Highlanders of Scotland. Thus our Scottish INDEPENDENCE MOVEMENT working in hiding. And survived William of Orange a Dutch Cancer on our country and Scotland had survived, butchered by the German Monarchy George 1 etc, etc,. landless, exploited and raped time and again to this very day. Scotland had hoped that the capture of Edinburgh that Charles would close the border, reclaim the throne and leave England to its own. This was not to be, though thousands were slaughtered, hanged drawn or exiled with a land clearance that continued up to 1940 when Hitler Uboats closed this uncouth disgrace. Though in the 1950's the Tory Party created a migration scheme at just £10 a ticket to entice millions more poverty stricken Scots and Irish to see a better life in the withering Colonies. Long our people have suffered under English Dominion, though many still believed in the 1320 vow that as long as 100 Scots remain alive, that never again would we remain under English dominion. The vow remains in the hearts and minds of Patriots to this day.
Thanks for watching!
A little bit one sided. You do not mention attrocities on civilians during deep raids by James Douglas and the earl of Moray and indeed the Bruce himself . Not the battle which was more of a route and slaughter of priests and lay clergy. I'm a proud Scot and one of a dying breed I'm a native Gael speaker. The history of most countries is not a tale of peace and plenty. I would have voted for independent Scotland had devolution not happened. The Scottish parliament can pass primary legislation and has a very large amount of control on internal Scottish affairs. Some sort of cooperation with English would be required in defence and by extension forigen policy.
Lots of opinion and not so much history.
It would be hard to fit in any _more_ history.
If by ‘opinion’ you mean humorous asides, these are shared out equally and at no point do I present any point of view as the ‘correct’ one.
Part IV broadly summarises current academic understanding and is in no way controversial.
Good but beware the handling of religious history here is horrendously awful.
Is it though? Or can you just not take a joke?
"life is suffering" please read the new testament the you might understand that salvation is a free gift from God, then maybe you will be able to interpretate History more accurately, your presentation is professional but your understanding is lacking
Sigh. I have, it’s not particularly well written though.
My understanding of history is just fine. Your ability to take a joke, or realise when you’re being rude and patronising, however, is apparently rather dysfunctional.
Do you think the character of Jesus would have such a condescending attitude towards people as you’ve displayed here? Cause that’s not how he’s written. Live and let live man. Thanks for watching.
you have said yourself you are theologically weak, If you dont understand the doctrines of the reformation you dont understand the issues
“theologically weak”… jeez, do you read what you type?
Summing puritanism up in the way I did was clearly tongue in cheek.
If you need this to be explained to you, that’s maybe where your problem with it lies.
If you are suggesting that an encyclopaedic knowledge of religious doctrine has any bearing one’s’ ability to understand and interpret history, however, you are greatly and demonstrably mistaken.
The jacobites were black. King James was black.
With respect, take this nonsense somewhere else please.
For every dollar he paid for an African slave he could make $1000. That's why King James Bible teaches when someone smites your right cheek offer them your left cheek. As a way to get slaves to submit using force & religion. Black on black crime back then- from the King down to the eunuch slave the black Muslim sultans preferred- especially the white slavics where the word slave originated.
James 6 was probably about one third french one third English and one third Scots. His mother was half french his father Anglo Scot. His grandmother was Mary of guise his grandfather was James the 5. No where is there any chance of anything but a complicated clan and European royalty . His line can be reliably trased back to alfred the great the Angevin kings and to Walter the high steward of Scotland who married the Bruce daughter from his first marriage and thus has very distant links to the Gaelic monarchy.
In what? A Disney movie?
I've read afrocentrics claiming that the Jews, Egyptians, Vikings, Japanese, Phoenicians, Greeks, Romans, Irish, Aztecs, Incas, Maya were all black.
Now we wuz Jacobeens and shiet.