Chapter 8 - Part 1: Energy & Metabolism (Kinetic, Potential, Thermodynamics, Gibbs, Exergonic, ATP)
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"Hey there, Bio Buddies! 🌿💚 As much as I love talking about cells, chromosomes, and chlorophyll, I've got to admit, keeping this biology bonanza running takes some serious energy - and not just ATP! If you've ever found a nugget of knowledge or a chuckle in one of my videos, consider tossing a little something into the tip jar. Every donation, big or small, helps keep the lights on and the mitochondria fired up! Together, we can keep this biology party going strong. Thanks for being the DNA to my RNA - you're truly the nucleus to my cell! 🧬✨ #SupportScience #LetTheBioLoveFlow"
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📚 CURRICULUM
I use Campbell's Biology and Openstax to help with curriculum content.
OpenStax:
Clark, M. A., Douglas, M., & Choi, J. (2018). Cell communication. In Biology 2e. OpenStax.
Access for free at openstax.org/b...
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⏰Timestamps:
1:07 Intro to Energy and Metabolism
2:08 Bioenergetics
3:35 Metabolism
7:05 Forms of Energy
9:04 Kinetic Energy
10:26 Potential Energy
12:25 Thermodynamics
14:07 First Law of Thermodynamics
14:47 Second Law of Thermodynamics
17:25 Entropy
21:32 Spontaneous vs Nonspontaneous
22:46 Gibbs Free Energy (G)
28:16 Free Energy & Equilibrium
32:06 Metabolism & Equilibrium
32:55 Exergonic vs Endergonic
35:25 Equilibrium & Metabolism
38:09 Types of Work in the Cell (mechanical, chemical, transport)
40:15 Energy Coupling
41:26 ATP and Hydrolysis
42:50 Phosphorylation
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how does this only have 500 views this is literal gold
Yes! For every AP bio kid
Omg thank you so much for this. These vids are a huge help. I like the way everything is explained. Do you have the powerpoints from your videos available for download by chance?
This video is even better than my professor's lecture. Thank you, Professor S.
Hey, first I wanted to thank you so so so much for these videos. They are an incredible resource and I’m very grateful.
I did notice a mistake in this video (or it might have been part 2): you said cellular respiration is a spontaneous process. But it cant be, because it requires energy to start (even though ultimately there is a net gain of ATP). At least that’s what my professor said. Have a nice day!
Hello :) Good question!
So for this, you have to distinguish between individual components of cellular respiration and "cellular respiration" taken as a whole and represented by this equation:
C6H12O6 + 6 O2 → 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + heat
ΔG = −2880 kJ per mol
Overall, cellular respiration is a spontaneous process, and you can tell because it has a negative ΔG (Gibbs free energy). Spontaneous is a thermodynamics term, and it means that the reaction has a decrease in enthalpy (total energy) and an increase in entropy (disorder).
Those factors are part of the Gibbs Free energy equation ΔG=ΔH-TΔS.
If ΔG is a negative number, the reaction is spontaneous. The -ΔG means the reaction releases energy (is favorable and spontaneous).
However, while most of the chemical reactions of cellular respiration are spontaneous and release energy, some require energy to proceed. Like the 2 steps in glycolysis, where the spontaneous process of ATP hydrolysis is coupled to the nonspontaneous reactions to drive them.
The reactions of hexokinase and phosphofructokinase would be nonspontaneous (positive ΔG) and are not favorable. Until ATP hydrolysis is coupled to them. That may be what your instructor was saying.
Hope that helps!
thank you so much!!!!!!!!!!!!!!