Amazing Similarities Among Chinese Vietnamese, Thai, Lao, Indonesian, & Malay| Learn languages
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- čas přidán 15. 06. 2024
- #languagelearning #languages #polyglot
Dive into the linguistic wonders of East and Southeast Asia with Professor Tim Keeley, a seasoned expert with over four decades of cross-cultural teaching experience and author of 'A Life in 30 Languages'. This enlightening video unveils the fascinating typological similarities shared by Chinese, Vietnamese, Thai, Lao, Indonesian, and Malay languages. Discover how understanding these common features can significantly ease the learning process and provide a deeper insight into the cultural and historical ties binding these languages.
🔍 What You'll Learn:
The concept of typological similarities and their role in language learning.
Key linguistic features such as the absence of verb conjugations, the importance of context in communication, and the unique use of aspect markers.
How these similarities make learning these languages more manageable and interesting.
Insights into the cultural richness and historical connections revealed through language.
✨ Bonus Insights:
Additional languages like Khmer (Cambodian) and Burmese also share many linguistic features with the six main languages discussed.
Real-world examples of context markers and aspect markers in action.
The significance of understanding linguistic features for grasping cultural perspectives.
🌏 Whether you're a language enthusiast, a cultural studies student, or simply curious about the linguistic ties in East and Southeast Asia, this video is your gateway to mastering these languages through their shared linguistic traits.
Remember to like, subscribe, and hit the notification bell to stay updated with more fascinating insights into the languages and cultures of the Asian continent.
#LanguageLearning #AsianLanguages #Linguistics #CulturalInsights #Educational
00:30 Typological Similarities
01:32 My Qualifications in These Languages
04:14 1 No Verbal Tense or Conjugations
04:27 2 Context Markers
05:50 3 Aspect Markers
06:28 3a Completed/Incompleted Actions
07:59 3b Desires, Needs, Intentions, Future
11:30 4 Lack of Plural Noun Forms
13:15 Substance vs Object Focus
13:42 5 Non-Use of "to Be"
15:22 6 Lack of Definite Articles
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🚀Website: polyglotdreams.com/
📧 email: timkeeley@polyglotdreams.com
💡More about me:
👉Academia: kyusan-u.academia.edu/TimDean..
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👉Facebook: / tim.keeley
📘 About Professor Tim Keeley:
Tim Keeley, a professor of Cross-Culture in Japan for over 42 years, shares his extensive experience and research in Chinese, Vietnamese, Thai, Lao, Indonesian, and Malay languages. His journey includes teaching at Chulalongkorn University in Thailand, extensive travels across Vietnam, and deep engagements with Indonesian and Malay through numerous trips to the region.
Funnily enough, I was looking at the 1980s group photo and it took me a while before I discovered the European descent guy at the top. Maybe having been raised in a multicultural environment with mixed ethnic heritage family blends the differences in perception.
Yes ... for sure.
Tim! I’m another Keeley, from Ireland. Just found your channel. I can speak English and Irish, as well as intermediate Chinese and Spanish and then super basic Korean. Interesting to find someone with the same name!
It's very unusual to run into other Keeleys... and one who loves languages too! A great pleasure.
Tim,. Once again an outstanding video, I always learn so much from your videos and they also give me the motivation to keep learning. Thank you, my friend, and best wishes.
Hi Bud... thanks so much, as always!
So fascinating. Thank you!
Btw, for the example of "dia sudah pergi ke Jepang", İ would rather translate it as "(s)he has [already] gone to Japan” or "(s)he already went to Japan".
İ actually would translate "he went to Japan" with simply "dia pergi ke Jepang" despite the ambiguity, since sudah expresses something which in a way has been done expectedly, in contrast to a simple past with no context except that it simply happens in the past.
İ guess İ feel like the meaning of an expected "already" must be expressed there.
İdk if İ get the point across here. 😅
Regardless, it's an amazing video. İn fact this is the very first time İ've seen such description of commonalities between such vastly different languages spread across thousands of miles from up south of the equator down to northern China. 🤩
Thanks so much for the input!
@@polyglotdreams You're welcome!
İ was thinking about the difference.
Perhaps this example could help:
Sandra is asking me where İndra is, if Sandra knows or has heard that İndra was intending to go to Japan at some point, then İ'd reply "dia sudah pergi ke Jepang.".
But if Sandra has no idea about İndra's plan, then İ'd reply "dia pergi ke Jepang".
That's what İ meant with "expectedness".
I really like this video and helped me become aware of the languages you have listed here.
The gateway languages were big doors to opening to other related languages, due to the high amount of similarities.
I think languages with less similarities, but still have some are considered as windows or smaller gateways to other non related languages.
My examples for Features and Similarities in the languages in your video.
Agglutination from Indonesian and Melayu can transfer to non related language families such as Turkic, Japonic, Koreanic, Uralic, etc...
Same writing system of Latinate alphabet for Vietnamese, Indonesian, Melayu familiarity of other languages that use the Latin script. (Especially European languages)
Chinese Hanzi to help with Kanji and Hanja. (Chữ Nôm with Vietnamese before)
Loanwords in Indonesian has a large amount of Dutch words. English loanwords in Malay. Chinese words are in Korean, Japanese and Vietnamese.
Tonal languages in Chinese helps with tones for Thai, Vietnamese and Lao or vice versa and any tonal language.
Etc... and so on and on with varying degrees of transferability.
Note: I am currently learning Tagalog. The Spanish and English loanwords along with the Latinate alphabet makes it notably easier, than if Tagalog did not have those. To be fair, though Taglish is more prominent, since not many actually speak pure Tagalog anymore.
I just returned to Japan from Cebu... the grammar is quite interesting and unique
Bisaya is effectively the lingua franca of the Visayas and Mindanao. Cebuano is even closer to Indonesian and Malay, than Tagalog. While also having even more Spanish loanwords. I think Cebuano has many transferability in opening a window to other languages. The part, that makes it difficult is just finding commercial resources with audio. If possible about trying to get more information on Cebuano is to contact the linguist David Zorc. He created multiple readers of Filipino languages for Dunwoody Press.
Edit: Your series is excellent and helps people approach language acquisition in different ways.@@polyglotdreams
@@polyglotdreamsİt's interesting to see how much more complicated the grammar of Philippine languages is compared to neighboring Malay/İndonesian.
Although İ read that Malagasy in Madagascar, which originates from İndonesia, has a similar grammar as Philippine languages.
My father's native language is of the Philippine type, even though he's not from the Philippines. unfortunately he didn't pass it down to İ. 😢
Thanks. I speak Indonesian, Malay and Khmer fluently, Putonghua and Basa Jawa (intermediate) and several Melanesian languages. Now I am studying Thai, Lao and Nepali. So I found your video quite informative. I was going to say that the words Indo/Malay words "adalah" and "ialah", whilst grammatically correct, are practically only ever used by westerners, who just can't bear to make a sentence without lots of conjunctions. I've also often thought that Asian and Melanesian languages rely heavily on describing the context, whereas Germanic and Romance languages seem fixated on precision, but then clutter everything up with conjunctions. Oh well, I guess the beauty is in the chaos.
Yes I mentioned that
So true. Excellent. Thank you for sharing.
You are so welcome
The most useful language content out there, ❤❤
Thanks so much for the appreciation ☺️
Very informative, never thought of such things
Thank you... I strive to think that way about languages and cultures.
i am learning bahasa indo, basa jawa, tieng viet and yueyuhua at the same time. This video really helped
I have been studying Mandarin almost for a year now, started Vietnamese a few months ago. While it is simialar in some ways, the Vietnamese pronouns are quite complex and I find the phonology (including the 6 tones of the Hanoi accent) way more challenging than that of Mandarin
Yes... I felt the same way when I started learning Vietnamese.
Pls make video about similarity between thai and chinese vocab
That is a good idea... thanks
I’d like to learn the easiest of these
Malay or Indonesian
True, Malay/İndonesian would be the easiest. Also, if you happen to know Afrikaans, there's been Malay influence there so that words like pisang, piring, and even baie originate from Malay.
FYİ, Malay & İndonesians are simply varieties of the same language. Some İndonesian dialects in Sumatra are closer to Malaysian, and some Malaysian accents in Sabah are closer to İndonesian.
Hello, how do you think is it possible to learn all Germanic, Romance and Slavic languages on B2+ lvl?
Yes .. with time, effort and dedication
Are you fluent in all 30 languages? Or maybe could you describe all your languages by CEFR? How many are at c1, b2, b1?
This is from my memoir:
Question 1: How many languages do you speak, and at what level?
At first glance, this seems like a straightforward question that should be easy to answer. Nothing could be farther from the truth in the case of someone who has studied and used dozens of diverse languages. Typically, my reply is “30 plus languages.” The answer depends on two main factors. The first is the delineation between language and dialect. For example, the number of Slavic languages ranges from 11 to 19, depending on which ones are considered distinct languages. As mentioned in Chapter 35, my most robust Slavic languages are Polish, Russian, BCMS (Bosnian, Croatian, Montenegrin, and Serbian), and Slovak. However, I can understand all Slavic languages from intermediate to advanced levels in their spoken and written forms. Thus, the number of Slavic languages I speak or understand is between 11 and 19.
The above discussion is a segue into examining active versus passive knowledge-the second factor. Passive knowledge/ability in languages (listening comprehension and reading) is almost always greater than active knowledge/ability (speaking and writing). However, passive ability can accelerate the development of active ability when concentrating on a language similar to one you already know well. There are languages that I can understand at B1 to C1 levels due to knowing similar (cognate) languages, but I cannot speak at those levels without intensive practice. Additionally, there are languages that I can understand quite well and even make myself understood without having ever studied the languages in question. An example among the Romance languages is Galician. With my knowledge of Spanish and Portuguese, it is possible to understand Galician at a very high level and learn to express myself well after a short period of intensive study.
In terms of the hours of engagement-time spent studying, speaking, listening, reading, and writing-the top 31 languages are English, Japanese, Spanish, Chinese (Mandarin), Thai, Polish, Portuguese, French, Russian, German, Nepali, Indonesian, Malay, Serbo-Croatian, Vietnamese, Italian, Greek, Korean, Afrikaans, Slovak, Norwegian, Lao, Dutch, Czech, Slovene, Ukrainian, Bulgarian, Hungarian, Hindi, Tibetan, and Tamang. Other cognate languages that I understand well include Belarusian, Macedonian, Swedish, Danish, Catalan, and Galician. Finally, the languages I have studied at the beginner or novice level include Sherpa, Ladakhi, Romanian, Cantonese, Arabic, Farsi, Hebrew, Zulu, Tagalog, and Bengali. So, the total is 47 languages, but I think it is sufficient to simply say “30 or more languages.”
While some nationalists wouldn't agree, at least regarding BSCM slavic languages, it is only one language in reality with some very minor inputs/outputs. If you would compare the difference among these group of Slavic/Balkan laguages, it's differences are less then those in US vs UK English lang. As for other Slavik language, some are more, some less understandable if one speaks one Slavic language fluently. The same cound not be said for asian languages...
I searched up and found this video because people online often called me out that I sound like Indonesian, even though I'm Thai.
Very informative video. I'm learning all these languages as well. "Beautiful" in Thai is not pronounced "Sway" as in the trees were SWAYing in the wind. The vowel "ว" is closer to the "ewer" in "sewer" but without the hard "r", because Thai is a non rhoterized language. Therefore สวย (s-ewe-y) would be the correct pronunciation.
Thanks for sharing!
it would also be cool to see a comparison between Turkish, Arabic and Persian 🇹🇷🇸🇦🇮🇷
Yes
This guy is awesome! - Dieser Typ ist genial!
Thanks
No verbal tense and no verbal conjugation? As though English can express future tense without using the auxiliary verb with the main verb periphrastically to convey that message. Even though English has the go, gone, going, went, etc. inflections when English wants to express the future tense, it will have to use the helping verb will with the main verb go to tell that it will go. Instead of calling it an aspect marker, why not just call it as it is, an auxiliary verb? I am not a native Thai speaker, but whether it's จะไป, ไปแล้ว, or กําลังไป the auxiliary verbs จะ, แล้ว, and กําลัง when used together with the main verb will tell the tense of that verb. If we want to continue to label them as aspect markers, then the helping verbs in English will no longer be auxiliary verbs but aspect markers?
Well you can also say they're only two tenses in English past tense and non-past tense
Can someone tell me is jawi and thai alphabet the same?
I think the Philippines language also falls into this category since it is quite similar to the Indonesia language.
Yes, but there are substantial grammatical differences
@polyglotdreams Thanks, Prof for the explanation.
@@Teacher.Taufik No, Philippine languages has complex grammar. It’s one of the hardest grammar out there. I tried to learn Malay language and it feels tenseless like word+word+word. Ph language would be like word+particle+word+particle+word
Ex:
Eng: Aya went to Dina's house to do the homework given by their teacher.
Tag: Pumunta si Aya sa bahay ni Dina upang gawin ang mga takdang-aralin na binigay ng kanilang guro.
Verbs3
pumunta (punta+um) infix
gawin (gawa+in) suffix
binigay (bigay+in) infix
Particles and markers 9
Si- focus pronoun marker
Ni- reciever pronoun marker
sa- location/time particle
ang- focus marker
mga- plural marker
na- particle as “that”
ng- reciever marker
upang- particle “result”
Takdang-aralin is excempted since it’s already compound word to perform as noun.
Actually it’s closer to Japanese with verbs conjugation and uses of particles and markers but only in reverse word order😅
Interestingly I also noticed Japanese has three demonstrative pronoun as well just like in Ph languages which I didn’t find exactly in Malay/Indo and English
Jap- Are,Kore,Sore
Fil(Tag)- Ito,Iyan,Iyon
Fil(Ceb)- kani,kana,kato
Jap-soko,koko,asoko
Fil(Tag)- dito,diyan,doon
Fil(Ceb)- Dire,Dira,didto
Those are close to speaker, close to listener, far from both.
It’s cool how Japanese didn’t change the last syllable and Philippine didn’t change the first syllable. It’s like mirroring their word order just like how Japanese always puts verb at the end and Philippine always put verb at first. Japanese also put particles after words but Philippine before words.
So in Filipino perspective Japanese would be the easiest among east asian languages
Why Filipino is not included? Just wondering
It has verbal tense.
المشاهد رقم ١،٠٠٠
Welcome 1000
no wonder why Tagalog is very difficult even for Asians to learn compared to Malay or Indonesian. Grammar is easier and more efficient.
Yes
I would like to study Vietnamese one day but it’s scary as I’ve never studied any Asian language before 🙃🙃
M xx
Go for it.
I hate to sound like an old man here; but I was once in your shoes in 1993 as I was finishing up university in California.
I had a kind professor of Chinese history who encouraged me to study the most available Asian language at that time, Japanese. Like you, I was also scared. But along the way I made Japanese friends at university and eventually moved to Osaka to teach English in Japan in August 1994. I then met Japanese teachers over there who also encouraged me. So, like Tim, I also say "go for it". I think you'll find a lot of joy along the way if you pursue the study of Vietnamese.
@chrisbunka thank you for your message, I appreciate that 😃
Mariangela
Don't worry! Vietnamese language is just more difficult than European languages in term of the tones, but other things is something easy as pie!!! I saw so many people around the world speaking Vietnamese fluently, so why don't you?