HDMI 2.1 & TMDS Crash Course - ENMU EET 457 - Presentation
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- čas přidán 25. 07. 2024
- Ever wondered how HDMI works? What is TMDS? Does HDMI just carry video or is it audio too? And what else can HDMI and TMDS be used for? What is HDCP?
HDMI: High Definition Multimedia Interface
HDMI: A Quick introduction
HDMI: Information Types & Channels
HDMI: Cable Type & Construction Method
HDMI: Cable Limitations (transmission line)
HDMI: Example Test Equipment (scanner)
TMDS: Transition Minimized Differential Signaling
TMDS: Tx/Rx Block Diagram
TMDS: Encoding/Decoding ( LFSR w/ G(x) )
TMDS: Example Electronic Components
REFERENCES:
[1] en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HDMI
[2] HDMI Specification Version 2.0 (pdf)
[3] www.cepro.com/article/hdmi_21...
[4] fudzilla.com/news/45083-hdmi-...
[5] hiveminer.com/Tags/connector%...
[6] lcdtech.info/en/tests/lcd.pixe...
[7] support.avantree.com/hc/en-us...
[8] warmcat.com/2015/10/21/hdmi-c...
[9] blogs.synopsys.com/vip-centra...
[10] www.curtpalme.com/forum/viewto...
[11] www.murideo.com/cedia-2018-co...
[12] www.bluejeanscable.com/store/...
[13] www.popularmechanics.com/home...
[14] www.fpga4fun.com/files/HDMI_D...
[15] en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transit...
[16] www.intel.com/content/www/us/...
[17] scdn.rohde-schwarz.com/ur/pws....
[18] www.autodesk.com/products/eag...
[19] www.digikey.com/product-detai...
[20] www.analog.com/en/products/ad...
[21] www.siliconlib.com/en/products... - Věda a technologie
Me at 3AM accidentally breaking pin number 9 and trying to comprehend what I lost:
One of my worst fears is breaking a pin I soldered onto my board 😭
I'm lucky to be new so it hasn't happened yet.
Awesome video! I got 0 knowledge about HDMI but now I feel a lot more confident to dig deeper into it.
Excellent Primer on HDMI.. Just the right level of depth for me... Excellent use of visuals and builds.. A+
Super helpful for my preliminary R&D for a side hustle! Thanks Daniel!
Best video presentation i have ever seen each and every aspect covered by you thank you
Great stuff man, thanks for the presentation!
Outstanding presentation! Very impressive in all respects. Thanks so much.
As someone who just graduated in Computer Hardware Engineering, this video was amazing and very well communicated. Been looking to start some projects and wanted to understand the protocol first. Thank you for all the time and effort you put into this video. Great work!
1
Thanks for making this content. Very useful to get overview of HDMI and TMDS.
Thank you so much for doing this work!
Nice work. Details compiled and presented neatly.
I never knew how much information was going through HDMI cables. Cheers.
Great job, I've been implementing an FPGA HDMI 2.0 design, and its been very hard. Its good to get a wider picture, and this has filled in a few gaps! Thank you
Glad to hear that
Awsome presentation! I have work in video many of my engineering years have followed the introduction of digital video and HDMI and this explination puts it together very neatly. Thank you.
Wow. I appreciate that. That is high praise coming from someone already in the industry. I was an early adopter of 4K and it was a nightmare, so I set out to learn why it was such a pain to get truly compliant HDMI sources & sinks.
@@TookBurrow For me it really tied together a lot of loose ends having read the Specification for NTSC and H264. The progression of the scan scheme from analog NTSC to H264 ATSC and HDMI transport mediam are closely related and I found fascinating! You can take the engineer out of the office but you can’t take the love of engineering out of the engineer.
Shalom
JCS
This is useful to watch while reading the specification.
Outstanding. I am one of those DYI'ers looking to build by own HDMI switching and overlay devices. I am looking to take HDMI input, and then place an overlay on it and sent it back to the TV
Beautiful presentation 👍👍👍
Well made! Amazing video!
Awesome session!
Goed gedaan! Bedankt uit België...
I'm not tech savvy at all but I like this guys teaching skills.. Great job..
Lovely stuff, very informative
Great job. Very well explained.
Thanks for this!
Good job, really good job.
Great Video, very nicely explained
thank u man i have a presentation tmr u saved my day
thank you so much!
Excellent video
Great presentation. Do you know if the end of a damaged HDMI cable can be replaced?
Ty for uploading :)
Congratulations for wonderful Presentation. If I have to mirror the (Horizontal Flip) The signal, What I need to do? Thank you sir.
What is your suggestion on how to replace the end of an HDMI cable with a plug plug? When my walls were put up the workers ripped the end off of the cable which is INSIDE the wall with no access to it--just the cable end with the wires sticking out.
Thanks much
Thank you for posting this. It really helped me understand what's going on inside the HDMI. Quick question, to make installs cleaner they sell HDMI wall jacks. Do you know on average how much attenuation or signal degradation you introduce with each jack or coupler you add? Thanks for your time.
That is a great question. I don't know how much resistive loss is contributed by the contact resistance. Gold is great, but clean connectors are probably the most important consideration, second only to the plating material of the connectors. Personally, if I was installing I would see if fiber optic was an option. Great way to deliver signals with high integrity.
Thank you Daniel for the very helpful video!
Please can you advise the cheapest hardware path to capture HDMI output with Arduino/ESP32?
Actually I need a very low resolution to perform Image Hashing (9x8px) @1Hz.
Thanks for your time!
hi Daniel, you have created a great video, I wanted the communication protocol for HDMI like how to communicate with EDID and DDC do you know any link for that ...Thanks
Thanks for the video. It was very useful. Any idea why HDMI using twisted pair for DDC? Twisting SCL and SDA should cause cross-talk. Obviously, there was a good reason for using twisted pair do you know what is that.
I want to know the logic signal compatibillity (or lack there of) and voltage level differences/compatibillity. Can I do HDMI to LVDS by just splicing some wires. I've done DP to eDP that way; but, eDP is specified as being IDENTICAL in every way to DP.
Excellent lecture! Perfectly paced. Isn’t it great that amongst the thousands of stupid cat videos on CZcams, we have gems like this 😄.
Thanks alot for that great knowledge
Thanks for the very detailed and informative video 🙏
I was trying to connect my point and shoot camera to a TV with a HDMI cable, but the problem i have is , when connecting the hdmi cable, the camera lcd screen shuts off, and output the image only via the hdmi cable.
But i want booth to be working, the camera screen and the connected TV.
I know its a software issue in the camera, but is there might be a hardware workaround in the HDMI socket?
I tried to block the "HPD" terminal in the socket and CEC، but didnt work.
Is it a damaged hdmi port that causes the dreaded no signal issues, given it looks physicall ok?
Good video thanks man 😃
You're very welcome
the man is a king
This explains the brief about hdmi and tmds very well. Can you do an updated version for 2.1 quad mode. And maybe for other display interfaces such as DSI, DP? Thank you for posting this
Thank You! I have received a lot of good feedback on this so I think an update video would be good. And DisplayPort makes sense
Just to make hdmi to vga converter , which all pins are necessary ?
About differential signaling, how do noise cancel one another but not the signals themselves?
I was wondering if you could help me with the order in which the different wires go when replacing a broken hdmi tip
Thank You
You are welcome
I would really love to see a proof-of-concept, no matter how basic it could be, just a very basic hardware implementation, unfortunately there's just VGA implementations on breadboards (like Ben Eater's) or a very vague NTSC out on CZcams.
If you can come up with some demostration I would really appreciate that. Thank you.
Very good prentation. Which pin can use for stereo audio for standard? Or if i want to do project or modification. Pls someone help me. Thks
Hi, thanks for your good presentation
I have a question, i wanted to design a digital video recorder so that support HD-SDI, HDMI and PAL formats and be able to save them, can you give me a guidence please
When the HDMI cable is attached to the new ROKID video glasses, you cannot just turn off the sound on the glasses, very disturbing to people next to you. They have in line connectors that allow you to break out stereo audio which you can use to transmit blue tooth audio for ear buds. BUT you cannot still shut off the audio in the glasses. Any wire or stop plug on any of the connector socket holes be altered to shut off sound going to the glasses? Simply, any wire to cut to cut off sound to the receiving end? Possible addiing another connector with deleted audio thru to glasses?
Please help me,
I'm from indonesia, my focus project is on analog cable.
How to convert "analog cable" to "digital cable".
The device's resollution is 1080p, but the device output using analog cable.
Which wire on hdmi to connect or to convert with analog cable? Or how the way if it need more component?
Awesome video! I was looking around because I was wondering how hdmi captured cards worked, do you have an idea how they record the output of something like a video game?
I use an HDMI Splitter etc > HDMI to USB 3.0 Dongle etc > PC > OBS Studio.
And know how to setup/use OBS.
PC gaming you need a 2nd device to lighten CPU load. Well, unless the HW is good enough.
Excellent! Thank you very much
Hola buenas sabrían a que número va cada color gracias
Thanks
Hey Daniel, could I transmit HDMI over Bluetooth?
Awesome video, what would happen if the video channel is BGR?
15:57 So they turned it into a Displayport logical signal?
WHICH COLOR WIRE HDMI CABLE VIDEO OR AUDIO ?? ..
This is amazing! Thank you! Have a basic tech question (if you could help please!). I routed an 25' HDMI through a wall with some tight corners - everything was working perfectly for a few days. Did some 'cable management' to clean up some excess cable (~4') on the source end to finish the job: wound the hdmi in large loops and added zip ties (tho not too tight) and caused a failure. HDMI tester says it's pin 4 & 19 are shorted (no continuity). Any suggestions? Going to try cutting off excess and resplicing the connector in small increments hoping i can cut a possible kink by the zip ties. Any suggestions would be appreciated!
So any chance of verifying with a known good cable? I will say some longer HDMI cables have higher wire guages and making the bend radii tricky. While very high quality cables will be fine, the cheaper ones are not full grain oxygen free. Lower reliability too. Have you considered a fiber optic cable instead? Still must be careful in routing it, but less issues over longer runs. I've also had good luck with "Blue Jeans" HDMI Cables. The use Belden twisted pairs and lots of quality testing. As for repair of existing cable, I'd suspect the terminations before in-line opens. The terminations are often poorly soldered not even meeting industry wire harness/connector standards and best practices. If the open is located somewhere in the cord, this could take some time to located.
@@TookBurrow THANK YOU for the reply! So- you were correct - solder broke at termination. Pretty sure I pinched the cable pushing the receiver back against the wall snapping the soldered connection. Should have used a 90 degree adapter - sigh. Bought a 'solderless' hdmi connector and spliced in all the connections--bit of a hack job with limited success. Best results are - continuity throughout (no openings in wall) and AppleTV 'thinks' it can send a 4k HDR signal @4:2:0 to a 4k projector (Optoma UHD60)-@4:2:2 is the only improvement to these settings when the cable worked perfectly. It seems to work for basic menu screens and looks good playing videos in some apps but seems to choke trying to play videos in other apps. Guessing there's too much noise and it can't handle as much bandwith as it thinks? Next step might be to try soldering directly to original connector tho might be super tedious if I can pull it off. Any other suggestions? Fiber might be tricky - there are a few sharp turns with limited radius for the wire. As a last resort, I can pull the bad cable with a line attached to pull a new cable through but that's my hail mary short of busting holes in the wall (again). I guess i'm wondering if the solderless adapter is viable with better shielding? Or is this even possible to fix 'by hand' even with soldered connections to achieve the throughput i'm after? THANK YOU SO MUCH for your help!!!
@@peteb.2181 so what I've seen is that where one quality issue exists for solder (oem workmanship) / weak solder integrity there are likely more issues on the other end. Cold solder joints, pin holes in solder joints, non-wetting. Also one commonly cut corner is the shielding. It's much more expensive when properly shield from end to end. Sadly, even expensive cables suffer from this due to marketing strategies and non-compliant cables to the spec. Does the shielding inside the cable on your repaired end need to be soldered to the back shell or connector metal exterior ?
why is DDC the twisted pair instead of HEAC+/-?
Excellent presentation, except that HDMI 2.1 no longer uses TMDS, but replaces it with Fixed Rate Link (FRL) transmission. The clock is no longer its own separate channel, but is embedded in Channel 3, giving a boost in efficiency (8b/10b or80%, becomes 16b/18b, or 89%) allowing more data to be transmitted. It would appear that consumer and professional data transmission demands are bringing us close to the obsolescence of the HDMI standard.
Hardwork
Error at 12:45, TMDS channels are a Balanced pair of lines so that common mode noise rejection can be exploited.
Great Job Super Knowledge on HDMI👋 I want to know HDMI to USB femail / mail cable for 4K video, is it possible? please let me know which brand its making.Thanks in advance 🤝
Great video, how the signal's pattern on frequency domain?
I haven't done any characterization like that for this build
@@TookBurrow Time domain?
@@jhabril this presentation was research only as an introduction into HDMI and TMDS. I didn't have any development hardware I could pin out to scope the TDMS channels with. If you find anyone who's got a good video on the Time Domain or Frequency domain please share!
sir. Daniel Tooker ....can you confirm from which end.. the hdmi #version #support vary ... ....is it from the device side (like gpu have 1.4 hdmi support) or cable side or both......
#because TMDS controller is actually #located inside the device #not inside the connecting wire (we purchase from cheap or expensive market 😅)...
please reply
If I understand your question (and I'm not sure I do) but I think you are asking about transceiver (Rx/Tx) compatability? And other things. Please ask one thing at a time ;)
So.. sources (gpu, roku, console, etc.) with HDMI version(s) mismatched to Syncs (TV, monitor, etc)....
There is backward compatability in newer revisions of the HDMI standard with respect to having an older Rev HDMI (1.4a) device connected to a newer rev HDMI device (2.0a).***
*** But there is a trade off for backwards compatability, not to mention implementation oversights on lower cost ASICs (not upgradable via firmware) such as unintentional lack of support for even basic features. After the handshake between transceivers (the period of time when establishing an appropriate transmission protocol) the supported resolutions and other system capabilities are communicated to the HDMI source. The source will put out a "compliant" signal. You should know that "Compliant" signal means a lot of things. A LOT. Lol
With transceivers, just stick with Analog Devices sir/ma'am. Especially if whatever you're doing is low volume production or for personal use. Or is you project simpler and just looking to purchase a more compatable set of consumer electronics?
if you were building State Machines , i would be all eyes and ears .
I have been searching for a solution to encode 5.1 RCA from a DVD player (and 4 RCA from a quad turntable) but only find 2x RCA stereo to HDMI converters for sale online. I was contemplating if such a converter is only doing the audio to a couple of the physical wires, would it be possible to take a second converter and hard wire it to the first converter for the additional audio then have my receiver take in that audio stream over HDMI. Please let me know if you think having two such devices together would possible work or not. I can see if the HDMI is sitting there waiting for the additional audio streams which are obviously missing being only a stereo converter, or if there's more to it. @tookburrow
Portales! Clovis! Moo! Do you have a DIY video of making m/splicing a HDMI to USB?🤔 Thanks 🤓
Hello Daniel, I am inexperienced in the matter .. But if I wanted to see only the video to streamline the whole skein of threads, could I remain alone with the threads that lead the video and remove all the others? And if so, which ones should I keep? You're the only one who can tell me ... Thanks.
That would depend on the transceiver set you are planning to use.
@@TookBurrow Meanwhile, thanks for the quick reply, you are very kind .. I should only transmit the video signal from the cam gopro hero 7 black to the screen .. but I would like to use for example only one or some of the wires inside the HDMI cable, as few wires as possible in short .. How can I do? Thanks
Daniel you say is it too complicated to instruct me in this operation? thanks
Can anyone explain why there is +2.5v on TMDS data lines? this is on one end of a device that passes HDMI through the device its self, I want to use HDMI to pass other type of signal but there is a voltage being produced on those lines so I might have to rethink how i'm going to do this.
Can you share your findings or the specification you want to base your modification off of
@@TookBurrow basically I had the idea of passing USB 2.0 through the HDMI pass though oh a product called a Gremsy T3 Gimbal, if you're interested
@@tyrian869 Is your mod idea intended for a short or long run? I recommend looking into fiber optic transceivers (encoder/decoder transmitter/reciever). Some of them can handle a lot more than just HDMI data types simultaneously so it may be a better path if you're not locked into using HDMI cables. HDMI signals can be transported over incredible lengths via FOCS without any loss / low BER
sir what is the hardware change inside a hdmi 2.0 than 1.4 #cable
is it extra gage wire...or clock difference...
please reply
Wire Guage is leveraged only in the sense of the skin effect for high frequency types of signals transmitted through conductive materials. These signals are highly modulated (and interlaced) low voltage signals, so greater wire guage (nominal indivudal conductor diameter, non-stranded) is only important in the sense of surface area of the skin unless current is increased in the carrier to penetrate deeper the core of the wire.
Many hardware differences in one HDMI revision, let alone an individual OEMs implementation of that revision....
Too many hardware (and soft core) differences to list, but it's important to mention that most IP cores (1st or 3rd party), die changes / redesigns / or new product introductions with AV oriented ASICs (or FPGAs) are done for clock cycle frequency gains and ultimately increased data through put (i.e. 48Gbps as compared to 18Gbps).
@@TookBurrowfrom which end.. the hdmi #version #support vary ... ....is it from the device side (like gpu have 1.4 hdmi support) or cable side or both......
because TMDS controller is actually #located inside the device #not inside the connecting wire (we purchase from cheap or expensive market)...
please reply
Whoa man im a little dizzy. I thought i heard 40 something giggity gigs per second and everything kinda started getting dark....
cool shit
Sir how to convert digitale audio in analog audio
DAC
I landed here due to a incompatibility on two equipment with I2S implementation on HDMI. Does anyone know a company who works on custom HDMI pinouts cables? I just need a cable with pin 1 to pin 3 and pin 7 to pin 9 swapped. I found one, but they have a minimum order requirements. I just need one cable. In the meantime, I will watch this awesome video when I get home. Thank you so much!
6:30 for a diagram
I have no power at zero ?
That's awesome, huh?
The explanation provided regarding TMDS could have been better and more precise. The basic concept of TMDS is not captured in the video. Nevertheless, rest of the information was great.
Rookie move, disable notifications bro
Insult anyone?
I find HDMI to be so fragile..
Yep. There are genuinely other options out there. But if you’re dedicated or stuck with hdmi, I find that most issues can be resolved via minimizing cord lengths, use a quality switch (a/v receiver , dedicated switch). And carefully select ports that run the latest hdmi market revision (as needed) Also quality cords and connectors matter to a degree so researching and/or testing multiple mfrs cables and monitoring performance is time we’ll spent. And hd fury products are useful if you’re tackling integrator issues, or a challenging tech heavy HT setup…
Why dont they stop this "wires" crap and make a more advanced version of Toslink.