Preußische-Litauisch Sprache: Kristijonas Donelaitis "Metai: Pavasario linksmybės"
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- čas přidán 3. 04. 2015
- This is what Prussian-Lithuanian dialect sounds like. Kristijonas Donelaitis was a Prussian-Lithuanian Lutheran pastor and poet. He lived and worked in Lithuania Minor, a territory in the Kingdom of Prussia, that had a sizable minority of ethnic Lithuanians. He wrote the first classic Lithuanian language poem, The Seasons (Lithuanian: Metai), which became one of the principal works of Lithuanian poetry. The poem, a classic work of Lithuanian literature, depicts everyday life of Lithuanian peasants, their struggle with serfdom, and the annual cycle of life.
You can hear an excerpt from it in this video.
Donelaičio poema "Metai" yra parašyta Mažosios lietuvos striukių-baltsermėgių šnektomis - priešingai nei Klaipėdos krašto šišioniškių šnekta, kuri priklauso žemaičių tarmei - striukiai ir baltsermėgiai kalbėjo Vakarų Aukštaičių tarme, labai artimai dabartinei literatūrinei lietuvių kalbai. Vaizdas iš pernai LRT naudotos užsklandos.
Jau saulelė vėl atkopdama budino svietą
Ir žiemos šaltos trūsus pargriaudama juokės.
Šalčių pramonės su ledais sugaišti pagavo,
Ir putodams sniegs visur į nieką pavirto.
Tuo laukus orai drungni gaivydami glostė
Ir žoleles visokias iš numirusių šaukė.
Krūmai su šilais visais išsibudino keltis,
O laukų kalnai su kloniais pametė skrandas.
Translation of this excerpt from THE SPRING'S JOYS:
Now the sun rose again to rouse the world
And laughed to topple down chill winter's labors.
And cold's creations, with the ice, diminished
As foam of snow changed everywhere to nothing.
Soon the bland weather stroked and woke the fields,
Called up herbs of all species from the dead.
Thickets and every heath bestirred themselves;
Hill, meadow, dale threw down their sheepskin jackets.
Übersetzung:
Wiederum stieg die Sonne herauf und weckte die Welt auf,
Lachte der Werke des kalten Winters und warf sie in Trümmer.
Leicht mit dem Eise zerrann, was der Frost phantastisch erbaute,
Und der schäumende Schnee verwandelte rings in ein Nichts sich.
Lauer schon wehten die Lüfte und brachten Labung den Fluren,
Weckten zur Auferstehung die Blumen aus traurigen Gräbern.
Büsche und Heiden, alles erwachte zum fröhlichen Leben,
Höhe und Tiefe der Ackerflur zog rasch sich den Pelz aus.
Времена года [поэма] К. Донелайтис; перевел с литовского Д. Бродский
Cолнце, все выше вздымаясь, уснувший мир пробуждает
И, ледяной зимы творенья руша, смеется.
Гнбиуть стали труды мороэов многоисkусных,
Пеной играя, снег исчеэает, в ничто превращаясь.
Ветры, теплом дыша, ласкают голое поле.
Всякую травку земную эовут воскреснуть иэ мертвых.
Вор и кусты, пробудясь, распрямляют эамлевшне ветви,
В поле бугры и долины скидают смежные шубы.
Dankeschön!
Paldies, paldies! Video man ļoti patīka un ar subtitriem es varēju visu saprast, ka esmu Vācietis. Man ir žēl, kā citi Vācieši jums to sacīja bet viņi par to daudz nezina. Viņi par to runā, bet baltu valodus neprot.
beautiful language
Zinkevicius in his History of the Lithuanian Language says that modern Lithuanian is based on Prussian-Lithuanian:
"The activists used as a model that language of Lithuania Minor which was described in the grammars of the great Lithuanian specialists Schleicher and Kursaitis and was universally adopted by comparative linguistics. This was the language taught at Moscow University by Prof. Filip Fortunatov, whose lectures were attended by many of the activists of the national revival movement. That famous Lithuanian model, in the words of Kazimieras Buga, "the skeleton of the written language", was, for all intents and purposes, used in the periodical and other press in Lithuania Major, but it was somewhat modified and adapted to new requirements. This language is the origin of current Standard Lithuanian. Hence, it developed from the former written Standard language used in Lithuania Minor."
gartensauZinkevicius :
"Essentially this was not a new written language, but a further stage
in the development of the written Standard language of Lithuania Minor,
which was meant to satisfy the needs of Czarist Lithuania. This is
evident from the many correspondences between current Standard
Lithuanian and the written language of Lithuania Minor. The latter
differed significantly from the Suvalkish dialect of that period, which
dialectologists now call the West Aukstaitish Kaunas dialect."
gartensau
gartensau It's somewhat redundant to ponder on whether the current Standard Lithuanian evolved from the dialects of Lithuanian Minor or, according to the generally accepted historical narrative, from Sudovian dialect because they both were pretty much the same (at least Northern Sudovian & Southern East Prussian Baltsermėgiai' were the same). It just so happened that the majority of key people from Lithuanian National Revival movement hailed from Northern Sudovia (Zanavykai): Jablonskis, Basanavičius, Kudirka - to name a few. Should they have taken some dialect other than their own as the standrad in which to write? Village people there still speak dialects closer to the written form of Standard Lithuanian than the "Standard Lithuanian speakers" from big cities do, there's no way this could have been learned: czcams.com/video/5xq0Kxp5c_o/video.html
Suvalkish (a.k.a. Sudovian) dialect is not monolithic nowadays and it was not monolithic back then. While it is true that Sudovian that was spoken in the surroundings of Kaunas or Marijampolė (Kapsai) has some differences from literary Lithuanian, the same cannot be said about Norther Sudovian Zanavykai lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zanavykai#/media/File:Ethnographical_regions_of_Lithuania.jpg
Baltic folk But why does Zinkevicius insist on Standard Lithuanian being a continuation of Standard Prussian-Lithuanian?
After all, there had been a long tradition of grammar writing in Prussia, about 12 grammars before the national revival in Lithuania proper, which did not have that tradition. Jablonskis published in the early years of the 20th century.
Ich bin begeistert wie es doch im Untergrund aufrecht erhalten wird.
Was??