Starter Guide to BJT Transistors (ElectroBOOM101 - 011)
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- čas přidán 21. 09. 2022
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By: Mehdi Sadaghdar - Věda a technologie
And while we are at it, GO IRANIAN PEOPLE GO! Best of luck in your efforts to take your rights and your lives back! #MahsaAmini
مهتی کارت درسته
Yes
King of pop ha ha ha! I love transistors Electroboom!
Absolutely. Those women are so Brave. This is the 21st Century- not the 5th. Good for them.
Rights?
I subscribed to electroBoom to see him blow things up but now I’m actually learning something from him.
Ikr!! I felt the same.. tbh I'm binge watching Electroboom videos nowadays
you've been learning the whole time! the explosions are a disguise for knowledge
The explosions are all part of the learning process, it teaches you what NOT to do or how to make fireworks with electricity lol😆.
That needs to be on a shirt
I know I’m starting to panic a little I’m becoming smart
This is a better lesson than I got back in my EE class in the 90s. I learned more in 10 min with Mehdi than an entire semester of hearing about the "glory days" of the professor I had.
Yes he's very good at explaining things to slow learners so they walk away feeling like they learned something. But tomorrow...
Honestly I don't see it. He cut out a lot of information in the video to make it shorter but at the same time he kinda explained transistors as a switch but jump to making amps which drive transistors differently
I bet, your teacher once told you a 20 minute story about his life to try and relate to the class, and you spent the rest of this "entire semester" messing around, ignoring the teacher and just generally being a useless learner. So to save yourself the feeling of regret, you've concocted this "glory days" story to make yourself feel better. It's the same with all of these "I wish my teacher in school was like this guy" comments on every single science influencer video out there.
@@lwo7736 Messing around? This isn't high school. Who the hell wastes money at a university?
you learned in less than 10 min because of your EE class back in the 90's . if you were a beginner you wouldn't had understood that fast with Medhi
EE undergrad here, thanks for all of your videos, it's really helpful for understanding the concepts in deep.
After failing my analogue circuits class (which is BJTs, MOSFETs, OP amps and filters), this 14min video explained BJT better to me than the prof did. I knew beforehand how to calculate the base and collector current, and all the other things we needed, but I now *understand* a lot more.
I'm curious what type of transistors are these? Common base/collector/emitter
that's what happens when u are more of a visual learner, college professors often rely too much on maths and text, and not show diagrams too much to help students visualize things, and they can be hard to follow
I still remember my class on Multi Variable Calculus where my friends struggled so hard to visualize the functions and the partial derivatives, when a a simple graph plotted using a computer would have fixed that problem easily.
@@Inquisite1031 haha yes watching this has helped me to. its currently 7:00 am and I have an exam on this topic at 2:00 pm. will updateafter exam. but it did indeed help understand how it works.
the whole 2:09 section was genius, I love it
The simplified graphics have always been very confusing to me, only onceI saw the real cross section of a transistor I finally understood how they work
I was totally panicing at first.
you remembered? >:0
The simplified transistor schematics makes more sense if you view the two back to back diodes as optically coupled LEDs / photo-diodes. So every every electron that crosses the Base-Emitter diode emits a photon. These photons travel over to the Base-Emitter diode to get absorbed and each allow one electron to cross its PN-junction as reverse current.
If you take this model, then the current amplification factor of the transistor inversely depends on the percentage of photons that get lost during the process (about 0.5% for a typical hfe of 200).
@@CD4017BE "These photons travel over to the Base-Emitter" did you mean Base-Collector in this sentence?
DONT LOOK AT THE CROSS SECTION
Currently in a coarse largely focused on MOSFETs and it was just lovely learning that the BJT's equivalent of a MOSFET's saturation region is called it's active region. Then to double down on the confusion, they called the linear/triode region of a MOSFET a BJT's saturation region. Ahhh I love electrical engineering.
IGBTs make it even more confusing. Isolated Gate Bipolar Transistors are really like a MOSFET driving a bipolar of the opposite gender. They, however tend not to be labeled that way.
Sounds like it was a coarse course.
god that was a headache when i first learned about this shit
Lol yeah. Personally, I think it's always clear to refer to the triode/saturation region as "linear" for both types and say "saturation"/"active" for FET/BJT
Context helps a lot, though. Not sure I've ever encountered a situation where the term "saturation" actually caused ambiguity
hum, so that's why my mosfet exploded when I tried to use it as a BJT the other day, lol
I have never been so fascinated with a subject I knew nothing about. I wish I had a teacher like you when I was young Thank you!!
Whenever Mehdi mentions a capacitor, I know there is going to be an explosion.
That's what we're all here for isn't it?
😝
Pronounced 'meat d eye'
@@flaps805 no
But this video has no explosions🥺
This comes at the perfect time. My electronics class is going over these in a few weeks. Thanks Mehdi!
bad timing for me as i just finished my electronics and electronics lab haha, at least i have a good overview now
It was also not the best time, I just had my electronics exam xD
Who has BJT's at uni anymore?
Same, we're on FETs now c:
I started them the day he posted this, so this is perfect
as an electrical engineer, its fun watching you explain this stuff in a different way to how I learned it
I want to thank you because your videos are what peaked my interest in all things electrical, and now I’m pursuing a successful career as an electrician and I’m the happiest I’ve ever been
It piqued your interest. Protect your back and don't electrocute yourself.
This video couldn't be timed more perfectly! I have an exam on transistors coming up in a week. Thank you so so much you make everything so much easier
Awesome vid Mehdi, please never be discouraged by lower view counts on your more educational videos as they are so high quality, and the view count should not matter to you as you are clearly so passionate about educating people about electronics in your own deranged way :P
To true Electrical engineers, his videos are like music from heaven. I regularly recommend his videos to practicing engineers and technicians to get things done much better than they would otherwise.
I just want to thank you for making these. It's been 11 years since I got my EE degree and these are nice refreshers.
This is exactly the BJT overview I needed. Thank you
These videos continue to be fantastic for concisely teaching electrical circuits! Thank you for making them, I hope you have a fantastic rest of your day
Honestly, yes, this series (along with your other videos) has helped me tremendously in getting comfortable with small-scale electronics repairs. I'm still comfortably scared of high voltage stuff, but yeah, you've saved a lot of remotes, loudspeakers and the like from getting thrown out when it was easy to fix them; even hand-soldered my own keyboard after finally understanding how diodes work. So thank you a ton for all this free knowledge :)
I've been playing guitar for over 20 years, and this is got into amp design that I'd never dreamed of; amazing video!
Mehdi! You explained this better than any of my Engineering professors throughout me entire degree.
I appreciate the refresher 🙌🏻
OMG! How did you read my mind?? I just started looking for videos to understand BJTs and MOSFETs today and here you are! Thank you so much for this.
Brilliant 10 minute video that explains the basics. Excellently explained. Congratulations. I would have loved to have you as a teacher at school.
Excellent demo Mehdi! I haven't thought about this stuff for many years after college, so it is always a welcome learning experience to refresh ones knowledge.
I'm working with electronics like 16 years and nobody, like nobody (school, forums and old repair men) did that great job explaning it in this detail to understand it properly like You, from this video everybody should understand fundamentals of transistors, amazing video great job Mhedi 💪
This made a ton of sense! Oddly, I now see the similarities between how vacuum tubes and transistors work
Fleming patented the thermionic diode, the first practical vacuum tube electronic device, in Britain in 1904.
@@PetraKann And Lilienfeld patented (US 1745175) the field effect transistor in 1925 - funny to think there's barely 20 years between the invention of the vacuum tube and the transistor!
@@triffid0hunter Wow, and it took us that long to adopt transistors?
@@Soloist1983 not that long to adopt, Just that long to make them work!
@@Soloist1983 Just because the idea was patented doesn't mean there was a working one yet. They knew the potential of semiconductors from theories, but they spent that long making silicon and germanium sandwiches in a thousand different ways until the guys at Bell Labs finally did it. Kinda like how we know fusion works but don't have a commercial fusion power plant yet.
Mehdi, I was your your 962nd subscriber, I have never left you or your videos, they've educated me so much and I thank you for that 👍
When this account was made a year ago...
@@jedithusnbixby2108 I'd wager they probably meant 962,000th subscriber. Sounds more plausible.
@@jedithusnbixby2108 Bro, not on this account, I have a main account that was the 962nd subscriber of electroboom. Sorry for any misunderstanding
Thank you! I recently had an issue with a pnp bjt that was supposed to a npn I just flipped it and everything started to work. Thanks for the 101 series. These are great refreshers even for experienced technicians
This is the best video about BJT's out there. Other authors omit real life things such as messy datasheets and hFE being not a constant. Respect
I really liked it!
Please continue, i would appreaciate a series about audio amplifiers.
I would like to try out different circuit architectures on various levels of complexity.
Awesome channel, as always.
Let's also throw in MOSFETs and IGBTs.
I'm not sure Mehdi should be teaching transistor theory. I think he's biased.
Thank you, Your explanation is not only very informative but also very fun to watch
Subscribed as a masters in electrical engineering. I laughed too hard when you reminded me the bjt cross section couldnt hurt me. Priceless. You deserve a comedy central special.
Hey Mehdi ! Love your videos and your style of explaining things
A better explanation of basic meanings and functions in 14 minutes than I got in 3 lectures of my EE program.
This is super relevant to my studies right now. Thank you for these great videos
Best way I have ever heard this explained. I remember in school being very confused by these concepts. You described it very simply.
I appreciate the green screen work with the whiteboard. It was very cool production!
I wish I had both the diodes and transistors videos back then at my fourh semester. Would've helped me a lot
Brilliantly entertaining as always! I loved the inverted PNP graph, and laughed out loud when I saw the burn marks on the breadboard!
Thanks brother. Always putting out the best content since I found you in 2017. Cheers from Canada
Thank you for teaching electronics to everyone!
The diode equivalent of the NPN transistor at 1:52 is incorrect I guess....
The bottom diode should be reversed to bring the n side down and to make it "NPN"
BTW nice video as always sir Mehdi ☺
finally a proof that i was not alone
Perfect timing! The module on BJT transistors in my circuits class started this week at university!
Using transistors in guitar effects pedals, and whilst I am following other circuit designs I'm needing to make mods, this is a really helpful video for starting the journey! thank you!
I earned an electronic engineering degree in '96 but the section on transistors was taught by a guy who was unfortunately on his way out so none of us in that particular class quite got it. This has been the best explanation I've heard since.
0:10 Capacitor: the king of "pop" 🤣
Mehdi, your videos have been the key to helping me understanding concepts I thought I would never wrap my head around. It has unlocked so many doors on my career path as a controls engineer. I’m now delving into electronics and embedded systems, and I couldn’t be more excited! Thank you x1000 for your work on this platform, providing such a witty and engaging approach to what is normally very dry learning. You rule!
Perfect timing! I just started putting together a project that needs a transistor to drive a power transistor.
I'm waiting for "how mosfet works"...
I want to study electrical engineering in UG , Sir your videos are really helpfull 🙏🏻
Jee ?
I have been watching videos on transistors for a couple days now. This is by far the best one! Thanks electroboom!
I really love your videos. They are the simplest yet very much efficient in teaching electronics. trust me I would have never understood the phenomenon of these things from reading a book for 10 days that I could learn just from watching your videos. your way of starting out with basics, making minds hungry for answers and than answering those questions by providing the good visual concepts of the subject is amazing.
Haha oh lordy, i've never been so willing to be slapped. Good video Mehdi!
That was a very good explanation, good job Mehdi!
THE VIDEO JUST RELEASED-
How the fuck
Wait hol up-is this cuz of patreon?
@@iamboredfor2months yes and the comment is a day old
@@iamboredfor2months maybe the patreon supporters get a link to the unlisted video a day earlier than everyone else
I just wanna say I came across your page because im an EE student. I usually dont be too happy in classses. this just made me smile odeeee. Thnak you for being educational and fun....a rare achievement for EE instructors
Thankyou mehdi for these informative videos
You have helped me a lot in my electrostatics class. And made them fun 😊
I've already watched this 3 times. No matter how many times my tiny brain gets an explanation on transistors I still think it's just magic.
I slowed it down to .75 speed for a viewing and also recreated the drawings. I think it is helping a lot with the understanding, but I haven't finished yet.
@@tlatitude8586 I understand what they do, and how to use them. I just don't (fully) understand HOW they actually work. That diagram he threw up was actually something I haven't ever seen and made the internal layout make more sense
@@tlatitude8586 the understanding will come for both of us at some point. This is a great video
@@fliper975 to really understand that you need to study solid state (and for that you need to know quantum mechanics)
@@vinevicious I'm not sure quantum mechanics is strictly a requirement. It helps explain what a band gap is and some stuff about majority/minority charge carriers, but really no-one is solving Schrödinger equations (or more accurately quantum electrodynamics vector field equations) for this stuff. It generally boils down to classic electrostatics for the most part.
Wait, you can use a speaker as a microphone? o.0
After all these years following this channel, I still don't understand a thing about electricity, yet I just keep coming back even rewatching the whole videos.
But hey, at least I remember a name or two related electricity now ;D
Yes. And you can use a microphone as a tiny speaker. Just like you can use a motor as a dynamo. Does it work perfectly? No, but it works.
Please do more of these 101 videos ! We will start following along soon - so please keep going !
I've seen the explosion videos so many times and decided to look you up. You're explanations are so much better than my professors!!!
Wow this couldn't have come at a better time! I'm currently being held at gunpoint being forced to describe the operation of BJT transistors! Thanks Mehdi!
*Please show how to use an IGBT for high amperage power switching like BIG Battery to AC power inverters.*
I'm watching you after a study hiatus to try and get back up to speed and damn I wish my lecturers were this engaging! I love the way you jumped straight into setting up an amp before just info dumping about gain and all the different types
I learned these things years ago but still loves to watch your videos.
Well done Mehdi. if a bjt is like 2 diodes, can you make a FULL BRIDGE RECTIFIER with BJT's if you don't have a bridge or diodes handy?
Hehe! Interesting thought! They are not exactly equivalent in behavior, maybe I should try it. I would need to pair an npn and a pnp
@@ElectroBOOM i would like to see that! :D
@@ElectroBOOM the question is will it be an amplifier or an oscillator? Transistors like tow be fluid like that the more of them there are
@@ElectroBOOM ooo
@@ElectroBOOM sir please make an video on freewheeling diode
Mehdi: Doesn't upload*
Me: Hey, do something
Mehdi: posts*
Me: watches it immediately
Also me: C'mon do something
The best "crash course" style video about BJTs on CZcams. Wish I had this at my exam...
Perfect timing! We just went through transistors, diodes and different amps in uni!
I'm so thankful that Mehdi was there to protect us from the cross section. That was close, I almost looked at it.
1:11
🤨🤨🤨
I just had my first day of linear circuits class (MAE40) at university and this came up. Very excited to learn a new field of material!
This is the most well put together and practical BJT video I have ever seen. Well done! I like how you pointed out in that most applications, we only want to know how to use the device, not every intricate detail on how it works. You created an excellent balance on those two items. But what I remember most is that capacitors are the king of pop. Hilarious.
Great video! It reminds me of my education as an electronics tech in the Marine Corps, where we were taught that transistors were "magic rocks". It was good enough for what we needed to know. In college, a teacher taught us "approximate to graduate". In other words, Vbe is 0.65V usually, use nominal beta, etc. i.e. keep sight of the big picture, and not the little details. Thanks again!
ONE OF THE BEST "human" explanations of BJTs out there (from electrical engineering point of view). In around 10 minutes. Hats off. Need to pause to slow down the tempo, to use it to explain it to somebody else, but that's the style of videos we love so much about you, @ElectroBOOM. Stay the way you are! .. ello ello ommbrrello :)
I'm curious what other point of view BJTs might be explained from besides electrical engineering?
@@stargazer7644 that would be the atomic / quantum mechanic level - what's happening at the PN junction and why it works the way it works (Veritasium has a nice one)
This is really going to help college students sir. Great effort sir. Thanks a lot. Keep making videos like this & continue the series.
Im studying electrical engineering. I've been struggling in my Electronic Devices class. ElectroBOOM has been super helpful at answering questions i missed in the reading
This video came at the perfect time, seriously. Thank you Mehdi!!
Perfekt timing I was just looking for that explanation 👍🏼
Thank you very much mehdi.... In my years during electrical engineering, I never had any interest in Analog Electronics... I was more of a power systems guy....
I always wanted to go in depth in learning Analog Electronics, but haven't had the interest..
Thank you for such a brilliant series ...
Will follow this series however complex it might get
Really man best way to learn about transistors is through practically connecting the circuits. Thanks man this video really help me revise the transistors
I'm currently taking basic electrical for my A&P license and this helped a ton.
What a joy to watch Mehdi make learning easy to understand through his balance of fun and info. BRILLIANT! Much love to everyone who seeks total freedom from all authorities except LOVE.
Thank you for this amazing course! :)
My 10 year old son watches your videos because he’s very into electricity and how it works! So I subscribed myself. Thank you for teaching my future electrician!
Excellent summary of transistors. It's like the first few weeks of the first microelectronics class in school summarized. Please follow up with a deep dive into the device physics. That's the most fun.
This was a brilliant video, an excellent lesson, thank you. Especially the clip, "BJT is like an adjustable resistor" (3:04 to 3:29) which means a lot to someone who got into EE (tangentially) near the dawn of the digital era.
Omg I have no idea if you saw my comments, but the fact that I asked for a video about transistors a few weeks ago and now it's here, is amazing
thank you very much!
Wow, my Electronics class just started talking about these! Thanks for this!
God do I freaking love Electroboom. The dude makes electronics so approachable and fun.
I really liked the trial and error process, easy to understand and very much informative. Thanks for the video!
True❤❤
I learned about these when i started to tinker with car amp repair years ago. I spent so many hours reading about transistors and researching how class A/B and D amps work.
This video is loaded with information, but it was about the most useful video on the topic I have ever seen
A great refresher course on transistors... Thanks! In my electronics class we had access to a curve tracer and I was able to see these on the screen.
With just a bit of electronics, it is not hard to make your own curve tracer.
It is just a sawtooth driving the collector voltage and something that steps the base current on each cycle. A counter chip and binary weighted resistors is what I am thinking.
@@kensmith5694 Yep we built one of those as well...We used a DAC0807 or MC1408 to create a 16-step staircase generator using a 74193, then some other circuitry to generate the delays and trigger for the 555 to clock the counter... some op amps LF347's to buffer the output and drive the current into the DUT... The Current went to they 'Y' channel of the scope and the voltage went to the 'X' channel of the scope and I was able to create the curves for three parts: a transistor(2N123 NPN), diode(1N914), and Zener (1N4734A)... You comment caused me to pull down my old lab notebook that I still have after all these years... it was May 31, 1988 when I did that!
@@raymitchell9736 Yes what you describe is more or less what I had in mind other than using a real DAC for the base drive. I figured that for 4 bits, binary weighted resistors would be easier. Chances are, I would have put a switch on the 4th bit so that the number of curves could be 8 or 16 or I would have fixed it at 8 to declutter the display. I still have a scope from about that era that I bought used. It is not the scope I was using in that era. The one I personally owned way back then had a CRT that was only about 4 inches in diameter. Sadly that scope was destroyed in the "great flood" caused by a burst pipe.
Thank you. Nice video. Thank you for making and posting it.
Thank you for your amazing efforts sir , we all appreciate these fun learning videos. I really learn a lot from you.
Can't wait to see a mosfet video like this!
Thank you from Korea As a normal university student this video just helps out so much! i am really shocked at how you can explain everything so simply . you make it so easy
I watch your channel for many years, it's always interesting.
Something I didn't learn at uni but learned just now, Beta and Hfe are the same. Thank you, that's why I watch these even though I feel like I already know how they work, I still learn something.
You make me happy even when I’m down thank you keep doing what you doing I love what you’re doing keep doing what you love❤
Capacitors are the king of, "pop". I applauded you, sir. In fact, you get a standing ovation.