Mind-Controlled Wheelchairs using Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI) | Neuro3

In this edition of Neuro3, we at Psyched discuss a study conducted by Liu et al. in 2022, where they designed a Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) system involving brain-controlled wheelchairs.
In a brain-computer interfaces neural signal are used to set parameters in a computer. That means we can control a computer using our brain signals. In this study, participant were able to control a wheelchair using neural signals. For that, electroencephalography, or EEG, was used. With the EEG event-related potentials (ERP) were recorded. Specifically, the P300 component, which is a signal in the EEG that reflects an attentional process. In other words, when participants attented to a specific target location, a P300 was recorded. The BCI system thereby determined what the target location is and the wheelchair start moving. Using artifical intelligence, the wheelchair made sure that it would not only approach the target location, but also avoid obstacles in the way. Participants were able to see the room around them, and target locations, using a translucent screen which allowed for augmented reality.
Results showed that this automatic mind-controlled wheelchair was faster than a semi-automatic version in which participants have to indicate to go forward, backward, left or right. Despite being much faster, it still was equally accurate.
Reference:
Liu, K., Yu, Y., Liu, Y. et al. A novel brain-controlled wheelchair combined with computer vision and augmented reality. BioMed Eng OnLine 21, 50 (2022). doi.org/10.1186/s12938-022-01...
Narrated by: Miles Wischnewski
Produced by: Michael Horberg
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