The Multiverse, Science or Science Fiction? | Sean Carroll
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Anyone familiar with popular entertainment has surely heard about the multiverse theory-either in movies, TV shows, or sci-fi novels. In this video, Sean Carroll discusses the possibility that the big bang originated in a multiverse, giving rise to the arrow of time. But is this theory legitimate science or science fiction?
Presented by Sean Carroll
Learn more about multiverse theory at www.wondrium.com/youtube
0:00 Is the Multiverse Hypothesis Valid?
4:56 Considering Hypothetical Universes
6:11 The Anthropic Principle
8:11 Understanding Vacuum Energy
10:17 Vacuum Energy Prediction
12:44 Inflation and Quantum Mechanics
15:55 Eternal Inflation and Pocket Universes
17:44 String Theory Explains Space-Time
21:16 Addressing Problems with Multiverse Hypothesis
23:11 Using Dark Matter to Make Predictions
24:00 Measure Problem with Multiverse
25:48 Why We Consider the Multiverse
27:21 Moving Forward with Multiverse Idea
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#multiverse #physics #spacetime
Sean is an extremely rare combination of a highly knowledgeable scientist in his field, and excellent at articulating it to laypeople. Very rare indeed and we are the beneficiaries. Thank Dr. Carroll!
This set is is a Ron Burgundy line “I have many leather-bound books and my apartment smells of rich mahogany.” also lots of clocks. So many clocks 🤣 Joking aside, Sean Carroll rocks👍🏼
bars
This is one of the best summaries of the topic that I've seen
I seriously getting the vibe that some scientist likes to spin on these ideas alot when they talking to us humans. Its better to pitch an idea wich People love to hear becuse it get views it sells books.. objective aduacte facts is just to damn booring for the general.. that action scifi movie is a Great turn on though. Thars what asked so thats whats given.. No way they talks like that to other professionals and their reputations Is on the lite? I dont buy it anyways. And I dont blame someone who press that money making Button when is basicly just lies there waiting to be pushed.. I know I would If it meant a huge different in my life.. everyone likes that money..maybe im wrong .I get that feel anyways.. usually when im speculate im wrong so..
I wish the date this was recorded was included in the description.
Sean Carroll is such a great speaker.
Thank you Sean, it was very clear.
Sean Carroll is a con man.
I guess it's kinda off topic but does anyone know a good site to watch newly released series online ?
@Chase Jefferson Flixportal
@Brysen Elliott Thanks, signed up and it seems to work :D I really appreciate it !
Yeah, Sean Carroll... now I'm sorely tempted to subscribe.
Sean Carroll, Brian Greene, Max Tegmark, Michio Kaku….we are a blessed generation to hear these outstanding human beings of absolute factual knowledge….
How do you know it’s factual? What if we’ve shifted into a universe where it isn’t factual?
@@gabrieldennee6940 not a testable hypothesis
What I love about this clip is that every side of the topic is presented
Every generation since the dawn of time has said to each other “look at how much we know and how stupid people used to be!” Maybe we have managed to understand a handful of sand on the beach of human understanding. There is so much more.
Don't forget Asimov's 1st law of futurics: what has been happening will continue to happen. What has been happening? Constant revisions upward of the size of our universe and the numbers of stars and planets in it. The discovery of other universes would just be par for the course.
Incredible video by an incredible teacher. Subscribed today after PBS Space Time recommended Professor Carroll's series on Time. Definitely recommend
If you believe any of that nonsense about multiverses, so-called, you will believe anything; it's pure imagination and can only possibly be imagination
@@vhawk1951kl We are indeed fortunate to have an expert such as yourself with great credentials, to straighten us out on what is possible and impossible. Thank you. We are so blessed.
Love your great courses + app I have. One of the best subscriptions I’ve ever spent money on. Thank you for doing it.
There's a reason particle physicists and really physicists in general, dislike string theorists and inflation theorists. Steven Weinberg in his later years called string theory a non-quantum theory. And Roger Penrose calls string theory "fashion" and inflation "fantasy and faith", and he's done so to Carrol's, Greene's and Suskind's faces. Many renowned physicists who once enbraced strings and inflation have walked away from that and call it nonsense. Physicists like Neil Turok, Paul Steindhardt, Matthias Albrecht, and Sabine Hossenfelder, who are in at least as impressive standing as Carroll, Greene, Guth, Linde, Starikovsky and Susskind, disagree. And as for Witten, we need a match with Eric Weinstein, in what would be the match of the early 21st century.
I enjoyed this very much!
Love the content, and especially that set... just priceless. I was expecting Alfred Hitchcock to come out at some point...
1:20 "… parable…" - too late but well done! You just debunked the
big bang gang. I'm with you.
This one was amazing...great explanation.
THANK YOU...
DR SEAN CARROLL...!!!
I've seen many of your videos, and, to the best of my knowledge, this is the first time I've heard you say unequivocally that the "multiverse" hypothesis is quite possibly not correct (as compared to should be, probably is, very well might be, etc.).
That's good to see/hear!
Because this video is much older. :D
Don't think of it like that.
The inflection he provides to the ideas is mostly for entertainment, I believe.
It doesn't change how the ideas are viewed.
In other words:
it could be. He believes it's true, but many many others don't.
There's a big difference between how he talks about the multiverse when speaking about his personal opinion on the subject and when he's presenting an educational video about the subject as a whole.
He might be convinced the multiverse exists but he knows the evidence to prove it isn't anywhere close yet. Therefore, when teaching he will give the educators answer, not what he personally thinks.
In other words, he does what most scientists do, seperate his own opinions from what he can prove.
These lectures are great
One of the best Presentation. Amazing.
Sean is describing the planet of Krikkett, from one of the Hitchhikers books. At the start, it didn't go well for the rest of the galaxy when they found out that there was more than just their planet in the universe...
That set has a real Nick News with Linda Ellerbee vibe goin on back there.
Very interesting and worthwhile video.
forget the multiverse, how many clocks does this guy have?
Love Sean Carroll - For me The Multiverse is just an excuse for the dead end reached by fine tuning. If we are really in a multiverse, wouldn't it be concluded that that the Multiverse be itself in a multiverse. I'm happy with one universe with God living outside.
There is no fine tuning in physics. That's a religious term most often used by Young Earth Creationists. Don't be a YEC. :-)
Time Travel, actual Nuclear explosion, (refer to Oppenheimer's utterings, post the experimental Atom Bomb explosion in USA) Multiverse are mentioned in Hindu Sanskrit texts, written thousands of years ago. These are new to modern science.
Seems like there is some time dilation going on with the clocks in the studio.
it depends on where you are standing, if you aren't inside greenwich observatory they will all read different times....
The multiverse example is right behind him ,the blinds on the window and it takes strings to move them
SCHRODINGER'S CAT certainly gets a workout in theory!
How do you know which value for vacuum energy were "natural" ? Wouldn't you need to know a probability distribution ?
in my opinion, beyond super symmetry unification energies, energy itself becomes a dimension of the multi verse.
If it interacts with any universe, then such high energy dimensions become hidden dimension of the interacting universes.
tremendous upload The Great Courses Selects. I broke the thumbs up on your video. Continue to keep up the excellent work.
Thanks for the
I thought they handled the rape scene really well this time
Love this guy
As a Christian, I’m often irked by scientists who parlay their specialized knowledge into an anti-Christian career(e.g. Dawkins, Krauss, Sagan, etc.). While Sean has wandered into the fray, I find him more genuine than the aforementioned.
Concerning this topic, I found Lee Smolin’s book “The Trouble with Physics: The Rise of String Theory, The Fall of Science, and What Comes Next” very illuminating.
Sean Carroll is so awesome and the way he explains the Universe and life seems really easy for him* ..i think Sean Carroll is from an advanced planet and he came here to try and explain all of reality to us, :)
Hi Sean, thank you so much for your kind feedback! We truly pride ourselves on our professors and the depth of our content and are very glad you're enjoying our offerings. Thanks for being a fan!
I joined Wondrium and love the content. But you have to sort out the UI. Search function is useless.
Thank you for your feedback and for your suggestion, we appreciate it.
I love this stuff..
OMG 😱 I finally found the perfect channel ! Than you
Enjoy learning with us, Vicky!
The thing is that if many realize that it's totally bogus than a lot of movies and series have to change scripts
23:20 Wasn't the Higgs boson discovered in 2012?
I believe these lectures were recorded in 2011.
Sean, not sure if you read these comments but I would love to find out about interviewing you for our channel or podcasts.
Listening to life saying "we don't know what life is".
Simple to understod
Earlier around 10 years back these were part of The Teaching Corporation Videos.
Are the great courses somehow related to the same great books ...as in the three books sitting under that clock on the desk behind him?
Hi Kirk, we’re not. These are related to the Learning Channel (that’s TLC/Discovery) but we do have a bunch of courses about great books.
The course we have about Great books/Books That Matter is: www.thegreatcourses.com/search/great%20books
Hope this helps!
What is the difference between "Universe" and the "Cosmos"? According to the ancient Greeks?
The multiverse is another way of describing the multi-nature of time and position.
Heisenberg uncertainty principle makes sense because, Quantum mechanics is about multiple positions, multiple momentum, and multiple times future, present, and past. A photon does
interact with itself in the double slit experiment, because it is interacting with it's self in
different times. We know that time is not constant, and that an object
has an average kinetic energy. Time slows down with increase in energy.
This means some of the objects time is different within different
areas of the object. It is spread out in position and time. It exists in a multiverse.
tThe how-much mechanics of the wordy word eh, Humpty Dumpty?
Do you not understand that "quantum" is merely a latin word for how-much, but wordyword will do as well.
Dou never wonder what these wordywords actually m-e-a-n?
No, I rather thought not.
Why not just chant wordyword, wordyword over and over again? - it can only come to the same thing.
What “triggers” a multiverse to exist?
I believe only time travel can trigger multiverses. Something would have to have changed in the past (or future even?) to “trigger” or initiate an additional parallel universe(s). Because how can there just simply BE multiverses?
What would “cause” there to be multiple “me’s” or “you’s”?
So unless someone from the future has the ability to time travel, I don’t believe there are currently multiverses. Unless we can prove time travel 🤷♀️
And I believe the past doesn’t exist. Once we live into the next “now” (next moment), the previous now is gone. It’s done. No longer exists. Therefore, nothing to time travel back to. Therefore, no multiverses.
Free lunch??? It violates casualty & law of conservation of energy. Im sorry i couldn't take it. However your speech and style is always awesome.
If there is we will never know.
Probably a dumb question but that won’t stop me from asking .... doesn’t eternal inflation and the multiverse violate the second law of thermodynamics ?
Eddie, Eternal inflation is a hypothesis while the second law is demonstrated.
@@Wondrium I understand that , but I am asking how do they explain all this extra energy required in Inflation/multiverse ? I never have heard this explanation from its proponents . It seems to me that they need to explain that but it never seems to be addressed . I’m just saying this would appear to be a huge problem .
@@eddiebrown192 I'm not a card-carrying multiverse proponent but if, you are seriously interested in this and actually want an answer, then Sean Carroll has an excellent book called Something Deeply Hidden which goes into this question and other similar questions that a non-professional physicist (but with an active interested mind) would immediately have and in quite some detail. Basically, there are reasonable objections to the multi-verse idea but things like entropy, probability and conservation of momentum and energy are all compatible with it - as you would expect if someone like Sean Carroll is advocating it. Having read his book, I went from being a skeptic to being able to understand that it's a reasonable and valid idea and is not a waste of my time like string theory.
@@alex_madeira _Something Deeply Hidden_ is about the many-worlds hypothesis, which is quite different from the multiverse idea.
How does inflation violate the second law? The bigger the universe, the greater the entropy.
Assuming another universe exists and has different law of physics, how this different law of physics affects if one of us visits the other universe (assuming we can visit another universe)?
While it's fun to think we could be superheros or false Gods with powers the inhabitants didn't have, it's most likely that we would also be under the control of that universe's rules, with fun, shocking or even fatal consequences.
For example, if a being from a universe without gravity found itself here they couldn't simply ignore gravity and fly, it's more likely a body not used to having a crushing weight pulling it down would be in a spot of difficulty.
The milky way was once thought the only galaxy in the Cosmo...
Extreme observation get us closer to the truth of multiple universes...
Can you not understand that multiple universes is a contradiction in terms- rather like the idea of more than one unique thing? Universe m-e-a-n-s *only-one*.
Either that or it means nothing.
If you have in mind something that is not only-one, then pick another word- a fresh fantasy. If there are more than one unique thing then(neither* of them is unique.
Just chuck away universe or multiverse and speak only of verses.
Go for that and it will become clear to you that verse(uni, or multi) holds no significance for you whatsoever.
You have no idea what a 'verse' is; for you it is no more than a word that evokes no associations whatsoever.
multiverse= lots of somethings but lots of exactly what?-you have not the slightest idea.
Just recognise that fact. instead of multiverse go for wordyword, it comes to e-x-a-c-t-l-y- the same thing.
Sure there are any number of wordywords; so what?
You have no direct immediate personal experience of any of them; you simply keep repeating a mantra: wordyword, wordyword, wordyword. You can keep doing that until you are blue in the face and still understand absolutely nothing.
Please define multiverse and universe. Can there be a diverse (or biverse), triverse etc?
This all seems philosophical speculation to me
Anything to get out of calling the universe infinite is fair game to the few who reject that argument.
Anyone else reminded of "garden of forking paths"
Sean Carroll you are my role model.. I love you ❤️
Big brain
5 clocks all different times 😆
Higgs hasn't been found yet? When was this recorded?
Like a decade ago
Every possibility is played out in the multiverses. Why can it not be played out in every galaxy. If there are 2 trillion out there, surely every possibility is accounted for. Why think beyond our own universe, when these possibilities could be happening in our own back yard?
Lovely movie. Super implementation. Congratulations on the idea. Greetings from Poland and invite you to visit our country
M theory is not solvable using perturbation theory, and not well defined. Without knowing the geometry of the extra dimensions (of which there could be 10 to the 500 possible values) I just don't see how you can rectify this to be a viable theory. I don't like the first premise of we have no choice but to accept something outside of the universe may exist. Theists use the same argument for their deity. I know its not nearly the same comparison we have many mathematical proofs that support the hypothesis I just like getting away from any argument religulost people have. This is a really great video though attacking the problems head on in an honest direct way. Inflation theory is right its the best support for sure. Keep the vids coming!
I know that the multi-verse is totally true because I saw it on the Flash.
Just how old is this?? Just posted in Feb but he just said the Higgs Boson hasn't been discovered yet!
The atmosphere is not opaque, just relatively transluscent.
He was talking about a hypothetical world in which the atmosphere was opaque.
Interesting but very old video. It's apparent from the video itself and also because it's before the Higs Boson was discovered. 🙄🙂
I wish just once, one of these videos that talk about multiple universes would do one simple thing: Define specifically what the word "universe" means, just so I would know what they are talking about. The word "universe" has historically always meant, "Everything that exists". Well you can't have two or more sets of "everything that exists". The word "universe" never meant "everything we can see", as Carroll seems to imply in his introduction. It meant everything that exists, whether we can see it or not. The universe doesn't magically get bigger every time we develop a more powerful telescope. We just see more of the one that there is.
So, can any viewer here explain this simply to me, a simple but precise definition of just what the word "universe" means in the context of "multiple universes"... a concept which seems meaningless and absurd by the historical definition?
A brilliant way of saying "I don"t really know what's happening out there". Scientists speak as though they are the final word on what's what, the end all of things that exist. I love, admire and respect science, truthful, honest, humble science. They would tell you that a spoon coming into existence without an intelligent, purposeful maker is a scientific impossibility, an absolute absurdity. Yet in the same breath they want you to believe that our vast and mind bogglingly complex universe came into existence all by itself and without an all powerful and supremely intelligent Creator.
"Billy go clean your room".
"Don't worry Mom. My room will clean itself"
The universe exhibits stupendous order. Where there is order there is evidence of intelligence. Where there is intelligence there is a brilliant mind. Where there is a mind there is a person. Where there is all of the above there is purpose. The Bible is clear. Our all powerful and supremely intelligent Creator whose name is Jehovah purposely produced this universe, everything we can and cannot see and put life on this Earth because his dominant personality trait is love.
I would suggest that you stay away from children
go home Dwight, you're drunk
Well said.
Who says that a counterfactual constant of nature COULD be different?
If Sean Carroll was tall, disinterested in physics, and a basketballer... he could have been a basketballer!!! If i was handsome, an actor and George Clooney i could have been George Clooney!
This is in no way science.
finally teacher my teacher
This looks very old, does anyone know when this was filmed?
2011
@@nabilzig3797 Thanks
How about Multi Gods?
4:00
Tell the big bangers the truth:- we evolved!
The description on this video says it was uploaded 5 months ago,when the higgs boson was very much discovered.
But in the video he says we have yet to discover it.🤥
The dates onsome of Wondrium's videos are highly misleading. Facebook is now Meta, and The Great Courses Plus is now Wondrium. Many of the videos on Wondrium were done some years ago and were on TGCP.
@@GeezerBoy65 Thanks.
The edge of our universe or the cosmic radiation barrier is like the event horizon off a black hole think of a bubble/balloon it's already popped once we can measure it not expanding anymore that's because it has already ripped the big crunch is on it's way
Isn't this like the cave theory except for the upper class that is watching the cave interaction is just consciousness shielding itself from fear of the unknown
at this point let us remember that Occam's Razor was the product of a theologian not a philosopher and that Einstein believed in a static universe....while losing his argument to Bohr it is a fact he never flunked a course in mathematics.....here we see Materialism grasping at straws
Einstein thought the universe was static because that's what the cosmologists he asked told him. He added the cosmological constant to his equation to accommodate that situation. He had to do that, because otherwise his equation could not describe a static universe. As soon as Hubble detected the expansion of the universe, Einstein dropped the cosmological constant like the proverbial hot potato, and called it his biggest blunder.
Yes, let's stick to observable things. I laughed out-loud. Is that why astrophysicists cling to dark matter and dark energy? Because they're able to observe rapid motion occurring to stars and galaxies but can't explain it?
In 1919 Einstein proposed gravitational waves would result from the collision of bodies of great mass like neutron stars or black holes. Ripples would traverse throughout spacetime as a result.
If infinite multiverses or parallel universe branched off of our reality it was proposed gravitational waves would be affected traveling through the missing or hidden mass. According to the theory the mass in the parallel or multiple universes would exert an effect upon the gravitational wave causing them to slow down the further they traveled. They proposed if gravitational waves lagged behind the speed of light it would be empirical evidence multiple or parallel universe overlapped our universe. If GWs lagged behind it would be evidence of multiple universe. If GWs travels at the speed of light without slowing down then it indicated there is no such thing as multiple or parallel universe. If gravitational waves traveled slower than light it would be solid evidence this universe was just one out of countless universes. If gravitational waves didn't travel at the speed of light it would explain why the attributes which make up this universe was finely tuned. It would explain why our universe has existed so long without winking out of existence moments after it began. It would debunk God. The multiple universes would each be random occurrences, set forth in motion after the big bang. Slow gravitational waves would be the holy grail for atheists and their evolutionary cosmology.
So, what did LIGO measure? Every one of the GWs they measured traveled at the speed of light. Researchers went over radio telescope data and determined at the same time and locations of gravitational waves they found a spike in electromagnetic radiation, gamma rays or X-rays. There was no lag between the gravitational waves and electromagnetic waves. Indicating the gravitational waves were not affected by mass in hidden or parallel universes. Multiple universe appear to be science fiction at this point.
It's back to the drawing board I guess.
If enough scientists look hard enough for something they can call evidence I bet they will find it and Mr average will believe it without understanding saying isnt science wonderfull it can explain everything.
Just stopped by for my daily mind blowing. I can wrap my mind around the multiverse, but what I CAN'T accept is the notion that there is infinite copies of me out there (one is more than enough). Even if there are infinite bubble universes out there I also think that there is an infinite amount of combinations of things (atoms, movements, timing, actions etc) that make up what is currently called "me".
The various universes in the multiverse do not contain copies of you. You are possibly thinking of the many-worlds hypothesis, which is quite a different animal.
@@michaelsommers2356 I see....."The many-worlds interpretation (MWI) is an interpretation of quantum mechanics that asserts that the universal wavefunction is objectively real, and that there is no wave function collapse. This implies that all possible outcomes of quantum measurements are physically realized in some "world" or universe."
Can you explain the difference between multiverse and many-worlds?
I believe there is life outside the solar system.
11:40 But, if the universe is really infinite, then the amount of energy in "our" universe, is a dust mote in a sunbeam.... And I could just see a bouncing universe being created and instantly self-destructing, only to be reborn again in a fraction of a second and repeating. That would be interesting.
👍👍👍✌✌✌
AlgorithmFood!
An extravagant edifice built on theories which have no evidence in reality. I do not believe the multiverse is science. Furthermore, like the multiverse, the origin of the one universe we live in suffers from the same lack of evidence and a plethora of mutually exclusive ideas which all challenge the conservation of energy and matter. The idea of multiplying universes ad infinitum when we don't know the mechanism that the universe, we live in is particularly problematic. Physicists are fond of suggesting that the total forces of the universe, subtracting the negative from the positive is zero, purporting that the conservation of energy and matter are not violated. This is a red herring. All of the forces of nature should be added together violating the law of conservation.
Big Bang goes futt
… down the pan where it belongs.
....and after the sheep lived for ever happy! Sheep like multiverse because the grass never finishes! Theory over theory has make the sheep to forget how the truth may be!
Ben Ben..time to cut those pills in half. You're welcome.
Mali chlapec 🧒 som videl všetko je len voda
Sean Carroll is great a explaining difficult subjects. But that tie is just too much. It's a serious fashion crime. An atrocity committed upon retinas everywhere. It's mesmerizing, like a slow motion train wreck. Perhaps a cry for help?
I believe in a multiverse with multiple dimension... Only hope that beings with higher levels of intelligence will stop observing us and start helping us. We have to be one of the Lowest and worst dimensions with war and Violence. We definitely need help.
I've never understood why multiverses are depicted as round. And I still don't.
Becuase all oxymoronic terms have round about attributes called hogwash. Infinite universe with unimaginable dimensions is better than obliterating the meaning of Universe. For instance if all that we know is in one bubble and there are thousands more bubbles we don't know, then we don't know the entire universe and never will.
Really stupid camerawork you need a better director but the talk is brilliant
Why the need for the multiverse, isn't this universe not big enough
They cannot explain big bang. What caused it? Where did all that energy come from? If one calls the universe the true power of God moreso than the miracles and superstition then everyone gets upset.
Sounds like there are other attributes of reality that we have potential of exploring ( Example spiritual world, You quite literally Explained about half of it). Think bigger!!!!!!😤💪🤗 how would someone explore the stuff you're talking about. Listening to you talk is like the people in 1400's, Questioning the shape of the Earth Flat or other. If Christopher Columbus sailed the ocean will he fall off the planet? That's the best way I explain it.
Quantum leap is multiverse.
Shouldn't this be louis carroll. Math proves a multiverse is necessary and the only way to explain time and probability. probability, time and quantum mechanics clearly exist and they would not if multiple time line universes didnot.
My friend you are great but stay away from “why” that you mentioned in your lecture and trust me don’t ask why did I say that. 🤨
His "foggy planet' is a decent description of Life inside the corona of a red star. It has been theorized that a clement environment may exist within the Coronas of red stars where planets would be shielded from radio communication with the rest of the universe and the rest of the universe would be optically invisible to the inhabitants of such planets. This idea is further explored and part of the Electric Universe Theory as well as being tangentially connected to something called, 'Saturn Theory'
Prediction from another theory but not a theory.
Enlightened people , mystics already knew about multiverse
And rejected it as fantasy-no more than words about words
@@vhawk1951kl Correct. It should be rejected.