How NASA created Webb's image of the Carina Nebula with Alyssa Pagan
Vložit
- čas přidán 16. 05. 2024
- Head to squarespace.com/launchpadastr... to save 10% off your first purchase of a website or domain using code launchpadastronomy.
Webb Imaging Masterclass of the Carina Nebula with Alyssa Pagan, Science Visualization Developer at the Space Telescope Science Institute. Alyssa teaches how she processed Webb's image of the Carina Nebula in a step-by-step tutorial.
00:00 Introduction
01:33 Image Processing Overview (Joe DePasquale)
03:09 How to download raw images from MAST (Alyssa Pagan)
07:00 Stretching the FITS file with FITSLiberator
09:36 Squarespace Ad
10:57 Fixing saturated star cores with PixInsight
14:00 Creating initial full color image
18:50 Color adjustments for realism
25:33 Next video - Joe DePasquale on SMACS 0723
25:56 Thank you Patrons!
🌐 Files and Tools
Alyssa's Photoshop files of the Carina Nebula: stsci.box.com/s/e59yjyaqh01u7...
Joe's files (which includes his PixInsight script): www.dropbox.com/sh/1lsp88pt6n...
MAST: mast.stsci.edu/
FITS Liberator (free): noirlab.edu/public/products/f...
PixInsight (commercial): pixinsight.com/
GIMP (free Photoshop alternative): www.gimp.org/downloads/
🔔 Subscribe for more: czcams.com/users/christianread...
🖖 Share this video with a fellow space traveler: • Video
🔴 Watch my most recent upload: goo.gl/QbRcE2
🚀 Help me improve the channel by joining the community on Patreon
/ launchpadastro
🚀 Check out Launch Pad merchandise!
teespring.com/stores/launchpa...
Disclaimer: Some of these links go to one of my websites and some are affiliate links where I'll earn a small commission if you make a purchase at no additional cost to you.
✅ Let's connect:
For business inquiries - chris AT christianready DOT com
Twitter - @launchpadastro
Instagram - @launchpadastro
Facebook - / launchpadastronomy
Discord - / discord
📭 c/o Christian Ready
P.O. Box 66
Westminster, MD 21158
United States
Earth
~-~~-~~~-~~-~
Watch next: Solar Orbiter Discovers Surprising new Phenomenon in the Sun
• Solar Orbiter Discover...
~-~~-~~~-~~-~ - Věda a technologie
🔴 Learn more about Webb's first images: czcams.com/video/zTJifrl3SDM/video.html
In other words: The most useful Graphic Design job ever.
The value of this video is inestimable. Thank you!
That tutorial is amazing.
Alyssa did a great job. I'm glad you liked it!
Well done on a fascinating demonstration Alyssa. You speak with great passion and energy and had me enthralled from start to finish. Would love to listen to more!
Thanks for this video. I find it extraordinary that we can all access and process the data of such marvellous and exceptional scientific instruments. This is a privilege that previous generations could only have dreamed of.
Fantastic! I feel empowered to play with Web's images. Special thanks to Joe and Alyssa.
CHRISTIAN!!! Awesome class!!! Even a total novice like me can actually work with JWST's data!!! Thanks for sharing this!!! My extra strong binoculars aren't doing that well!!!!
Hold your phone to the binoculars and snap a pic. They’ll look just as good 😂
So thats how they do it! I was wondering. Thank you Christian, for taking so much time and effort to educate and illuminate, this rivers sweet song rocks my soul!
Thank you for bringing this whole new aspect of science and art to us.
Great fun looking around Alyssa's PSD-file. Such an amazing and balanced work and end result!
This is awesome! Thank you Joe and Alyssa! 🙌🙌
Yous are all fantastic communicators, thanks!
Each video on this channel is such a treat.
Thank you very much. Alyssa was great!
hey, that's my desktop wallpaper! 😂
Wow, just wow. Thank you so much.
That was an astonishing explanation and awesome video. Thanks a million 🙏🏼
This was amazing. Thank you for sharing.
Wonderful - thank you so much!
Excellent and informative video. I learned a lot. Thank you.
Best team ever
Great video. Thanks
Best presentation I have seen in a long time! The perfect cuisine of knowledge and excitement. Thanks guys!
Absolutely fantastic! I'm shocked this video doesn't have more views
Dude, you are making the best educational videos for space ever!!! I really appreciate it! Thanks!
Thanks man!
Someone tell Alyssa to get on Twitter right now!
you guys are amaziiing
Awesome content.
Amazin video on how to do science at home. Thank you.
This is the best astroimage-processing video ever! Thank you so much!
Thank you so much!
Amazing video! Thanks for the peek behind the curtain of image processing! 😃 (I'm a bit surprised Gimp got some well deserved attention at last.)
Alyssa did a great job, and I was happy about the GIMP shout out as well :)
@@LaunchPadAstronomy GIMP can now read fits images directly, though i'm not sure if the IMAGE extension is part of it. I extracted and manually adjusted the sinh function, and then dropped it into gimp, no need for tiff or fitsliberator (which seems to have some rough edges on linux)
She is so cute and nerdy.
And so passionate about her work, just put a smile on my face 😁😁😁😁
Beautiful work, so Incredible what they can make
ad progress bar lol i approve
GIMP is a fantastic program 👍👍
Can we take a minute to discuss Joes FANTASTIC beard? 😁
You're going to like the next video then :)
Can we have deep dive detailed masterclass on the subject? More so than this. I highly appreciate the amazing video❤, but I would love to learn more about it. 😊
As far as we can see, there is a problem with the dynamic range in amplitude (this is evidenced by black spots in the center of bright objects, namely stars).
Perhaps it can be extended by applying the multiple exposure trick. As we know, after reading the image, the matrix is not completely cleared (some charge remains in the pixels). For complete erasure, the matrix has to be heated from 7 to 20 K. I suggest not to erase the matrix, but to continue the exposure. The image read after repeated exposure can (after appropriate calibration) be added to the first one. Thus, bright objects from the first image and dimmer objects from the second one will be included in the sum, and the exact amplitude of the signal at the overexposed points of the second image can be calculated from the first (not overexposed) image.
Maybe alyssa's Carina Nebula image is the most used Screensaver in the world😍😍🤩
Hi, there,
The best tutorial you can find on how to process JWST images!!!! Thanks a lot!!!
I do have one question though. When we download the FITs we have two sizes of images, I would like to know how and when they are equalized and realigned?
Thank you very much again
Thanks to Christian and Alyssa for the informative tutorial. Have a few questions: (1) 0.9 micron - 4.5 micron IR wavelengths have to be mapped to 7 colors of visible spectrum, but you talk of six colors. Why Violet (Purple) and Indigo are not separate colors (of VIBGYOR) ? (2) Is that because you're limited by the filters in JWST that give less number of raw files for the range of IR bandwidth observed? (3) Hue, Saturation and "shifting" are more of Astrophotography rather than Astrophysics, right? If so, how these changes will impact the relative brightness of features in the image, in each IR filter bandwidths?
Hello! Great questions! So the mapping into the visible spectrum is actually based on the number of filters we obtain not the components of light we see in the optical. In other words if we obtain three IR filters we map them to red, green and blue. In this case we had six filters (.9, 1.8, 2, 3.3, 4.4, 4.7 microns) and so we divide the spectrum up accordingly, like you mentioned, to accommodate. Either scenario will get you a full color image. So hue and saturation adjustments are definitely tools used exclusively for astrophotography and I think it is good to point out that any data analysis that is being performed is exclusively done on the raw data; creating an image is simply a way to visualize/translate the processes and science that is happening. That being said, the shifting of colors step is applied globally and thereby does not actually change the relative brightness between the filters; you can think of it as a step that just remaps the colors. I am just shifting the colors down the spectrum towards the violet end. I hope that helps!
Awesome video, thanks. Could you ask them why the blown out parts (stars core) are pure black instead of pure white?
I remember seeing old film footage where the same phenomenon happened.
I love that you are doing these... what does one call them... 'expositions' perhaps. Informative and very cool (at least in IMO!)
Thanks and I share your opinion:)
I tried this with the raw images from Webbs first shots. Even for a seasoned color correcting veteran, getting it both scientifically accurate and aesthetically pleasing is not the easiest of things. Lots of cleanup work to do from the og images and then how do they determine the color of IR things? Going to be an interesting two videos for me.
Mmm. Scripted cleanup with nearest neighbor is hot. Workflow seems simple enough. Probably do need to get a feel for it to be anything close to efficient. Nice!
Thank you Alyssa and Joe! Not a fan of replacing the overburnt regions with nearest regions.
Edit: didn't understood the process before Joe pluggied in. Makes sense now.
Why you use levels instead of curves on BW image is confusing for me. There's probably some reason for it, but like layering wave length and using curves to bring out certain wave length in 1st step would see more user friendly. Lower part of curve = shorter wave.
I loved the unartistic more red vision more, but as everything it's subjective :D The final was a bit over saturated for me, the tealed red gas which Alyssa mentioned was actually I loved the most about in the first parts of coloring.
Can someone please explain what Alyssa means when she says she "stretched" the image?
"Stretching" refers to the process of scaling the brightness values of an image by applying a transformation, just like you have different scales that best represent numerical data in a line graph. The term "stretching" describes what you are doing to the histogram (graphical representation of the pixel/brightness values). At first the histogram is narrow and centered around the black values. To reveal the signal you want to extend the histogram/ redistribute the brightness values. You're essentially remapping the values to brighter ones so you can actually see the image.
That was very long winded, but I hope that helps!
Hey beautiful, that feels like painting with Bob Ross!
Wouldn't it be possible\maybe to make a computer program that decodes the infrared data and estimate the colours automatically?
She's so funny !
Can we export 3d models that we can import in to videogame environments and explore?
I am also getting interested in astrophotography after watching your video... That was mind blowing... In you video, your guest talked about cosmic rays and H 2 emissions... I couldn't understand what she really wanted to say there.... If she means that webb also captures cosmic rays and we need to remove them then how is that done... How will you figure out that this light is from cosmic rays.
Yes! Cosmic rays are one of the artifacts we remove from Webb images. That being said, cosmic rays are not as much an issue with Webb as they are with Hubble due to the wavelength range. Cosmic rays will only show up in one filter at a particular position (since it just happens to hit the detector when that observation was being taken at that time) it also will not drop off naturally like a point source. In other words, when you make a color image these tiny specs will show up as purely red or blue...etc.(pure white in their respective filter). Do to their high intensity you can usually isolate them (highlight selection) and fill them with the average background or nearest neighbors. Sometimes, you have to go in , one by one, and remove them using the clone tool (very judiciously) while sampling the background.
@@miscakeshappen Thank you very much..
Hi, I downloaded and processed JWST files on Pixinsight. I then tried to use PixelClip in Pixinsight to get rid of the black dots on stars. However, after running the script, the black dots are still there. Additionally, the script casts a red tint on the entire image. Might I ask for assistance on how to fix this, or if I am doing something wrong? Is there a specific part of the workflow where the script should be used, or can I use the script at the very end of the processing when all the channels are already combined? I do not use Photoshop, but do all processing within Pixinsight. Thanks a bunch for your kind help!
Alyssa, have you tried subtracting the Doppler redshift from the original wavelengths to get a 'natural' color image for a stationary object? (BWT, different objects in the field of view can have different Doppler shift). Is there anything 'pleasing to the eye' after such a subtraction without compressing of the dynamic range?
Hi Cave! I believe you are talking about cosmological redshift? Most images taken by Webb so far, apart from the galaxy cluster SMACS J0723, are relatively close by (a couple thousand lightyears) so redshift for these would be negligible at these scales. However, we could theoretically as you say, compensate for the redshift in a deep field image, but there are a couple reasons why we do not. One is "red galaxies" in a deep field image act as a visual cue to the viewer that the galaxies are either very far away or dusty so it is can be more effective to the layman as an outreach product. Secondly we would need to treat each galaxy individually according to distance which can get a bit tricky to do and digest, particularly if you need to get spectra of all the galaxies in the field to determine the redshift. That being said while it has not been done before, it is a really cool idea that maybe we can explore sometime in the future :).
@@miscakeshappen Hi, thank you for response.
> redshift for these would be negligible at these scales
Aha, OK.
> particularly if you need to get spectra of all the galaxies in the field
Spectrograph is on board, no problem. 🙂
> it has not been done before
Ha! Unbelievable! From my POV the idea deserves to be tested.
I assume the telescope rotates between images, so how do you make sure the layers align exactly?
The attitude control system is designed to keep the telescope steady.
13.4 billion years late.
Better get started then 🙂
And 4 days....
What is the free photo editing software she mentioned? Gimp?
Yes. I confess I don't use it myself but it seems to do everything Photoshop does for free :)
@@LaunchPadAstronomy Awesome thanks! Love the channel!
@@LaunchPadAstronomy @Colin Lewis you can use "Siril" a free dedicated software for astrophotography also it makes the work easy and you really dont have to go through all those layers for composing a rgb image and balancing. Its automated, just like Pixinsight.
🌹🌹🌹🌹🌹
Yes, yes - very pretty. These images are simply the flyers - the real performance is the spectra.
wondering how many comments have been deleted?
I don’t remember exactly but I try to get rid of trolls, spam, etc.
@@LaunchPadAstronomy Thanks for responding. I noticed you don't have the insane Porn crap and bitcoin stuff I get on my channel. Hate that stuff.
But what do you consider trolls? I try not to delete people who disagree unless they're being aholes. But definitely there are people over the top.
I use filters under Settings > Community > (scroll) Blocked Words to put stuff in like cuss words, references to porn, bitcoin, etc., But context always matters so I always try to check under Comments > Held for review every now and again. Generally, trolls are anyone who's trying to be rude or mean-spirited towards others. Usually it's done in an apparent effort to provoke an argument I guess but I prefer to keep the place friendly. If someone disagrees with me, that's fine as long as they're cool about it.
@@LaunchPadAstronomy awesome sir! Thanks for the help!
I always thought what the telescope sends back to earth is just data. But it seems it actually sends back images that humans can see with their eyes. That was fascinating to me.
Images are data too :)
Don't need to buy scrip. Photoshop will fix that issue (start black dots) with 1 click.
Looove it??
I dooo.
So basically, it's complicated :-)
You’ll get the hang of it :)
promosm 😅
Just so funny how no one questions these pics.
Hmmm
It's Photoshop but, but, it HAS to be!
So will you acknowledge that the black and white image taken in infrared is real? 🤭
so, the government makes all of this up
sarkasm
Amazing how data sent to these image developers: first is accepted as real and second is manipulated to create their own interpretation to present an image to the tax payer funding this nonsense.
Why has Webb been such a disappointment? It has really done very little, despite all the hype to promote it.
What has been released is mainly for outreach purposes to showcase the capabilities and breadth of Webb and lay the foundation. Science takes time! With a little bit of patience I think you'll find you won't be disappointed 😉
Is this a joke? It is not an disapointment, it delivers scientific data newer seen before.
Sorry, Christian, I am going to have to respectfully disagree with respect to the quality of images that have been produced by Webb. Compared to Hubble, the pictures that have been released to the public thusfar have been extrememly lackluster. JWST was waaaaay overyhyped. Definitely not worth the $10B price tag. I feel like taxpayers were ripped off.
You're certainly welcome to your opinion, but also keep in mind that the investment we made is for the science it's producing. Webb is allowing us to study the Universe in a way we haven't been able to before.
Webb wasn't created to give YOU images, tho. The amount of scientific data and discoveries in the near future is the real pay-off.
Also JWST is intended to examine things that is wery far away and happened in the childhood of the universe , more than 13 x billion years ago, (not 6000) therefore it looks in infrared because the dilation of space makes the visible light go far in infrared.
comparing Hubble and JWST is not fair, they both observe in different wavelengths and different objects , getting the spectrum is the priority not the image, cause images render useless at those distances, it is the spectrum that help us know the elements present in the target or to detect exoplanets and their distances using transit method . TBH if you ignore the image quality its really worth the cost and is even outperforming in collecting data, which is much important for science than pretty images. it is basically a thermal camera and if you want a proper and fair comparison for jwst, compare it with spitzer space telescope.
Omfg dude! You people really have no clue do you? Unbelievable