All 19 Penguin Species (Inc 1 Proposed Australian Species)

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  • čas přidán 24. 01. 2023
  • The penguin is one of the clumsiest, most loveable animals on the planet! Found almost entirely in the Southern Hemisphere, this family of birds is split into several spectacular groups including, great, crested and banded penguins. In this video, we'll explore every species of penguin including one newly proposed species found in Australia. Enjoy!
    00:45 King Penguin
    02:56 Emperor penguin
    04:39 Gentoo penguin
    06:09 Chinstrap penguin
    07:11 Adélie penguin
    08:18 African penguin
    09:38 Galápagos penguin
    10:52 Humboldt penguin
    12:02 Magellanic penguin
    13:14 Macaroni penguin
    14:11 Royal penguin
    15:06 Northern & Southern rockhopper penguins
    16:08 Snares penguin
    16:53 Fiordland penguin
    17:07 Erect-crested penguin
    17:51 Little Penguin & Australian little penguin
    19:06 Yellow-eyed penguin
    More rabbit holes to dive into!
    Relatives: tbtrvl.com/relatives
    Parks: tbtrvl.com/parks
    Most Popular: tbtrvl.com/popular
    Newest Videos: tbtrvl.com/newest
    Creative Commons Attribution
    Yellow-eyed penguin nest - Tomas Sobek / Flickr CC BY 2.0
    creativecommons.org/licenses/...
    Media & Attribution
    Unless stated above, all still images are used under license from Shutterstock.com. Thank you to everyone who makes their work available for use.
    Music
    All of the music used in this video is available at Epidemic Sound. If you need music and would like to support the channel, please find a referral link below.
    tbtrvl.com/epidemicsound
    Sources & Further Reading
    Listed below are the sources used to create the video.
    British Antarctic Survey
    www.bas.ac.uk/about/antarctic...
    Australian Antarctic Program
    www.antarctica.gov.au/about-a...
    Smithsonian
    ocean.si.edu/ocean-life/seabi...
    Birdlife International
    www.birdlife.org/birds/list-o...
    Encyclopedia Britannica
    www.britannica.com/
    National Geographic
    www.nationalgeographic.com/
    Animal Diversity
    animaldiversity.org/
    Wikipedia
    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penguin
    King penguin
    oceanwide-expeditions.com/to-...
    Emperor penguin
    beta.nsf.gov/news/how-penguin...
    www.hollywoodreporter.com/tv/...
    www.bbc.com/news/science-envi...
    Gentoo penguin
    www.smithsonianmag.com/scienc...
    www.researchgate.net/figure/G...
    Chinstrap penguin
    www.penguinsinternational.org...
    www.penguinsinternational.org...
    Difference between leucism & albinism penguins
    www.antarctica.gov.au/about-a...
    www.treehugger.com/whats-the-...
    African penguin
    sanccob.co.za/news/save-the-a...
    www.calacademy.org/explore-sc...
    Galápagos penguin
    galapagosconservation.org.uk/...
    Humboldt penguin
    datazone.birdlife.org/species/...
    www.snopes.com/fact-check/rea...
    Magellanic penguin
    www.aquariumofpacific.org/exh...
    www.aquarium.co.za/blog/entry...
    Macaroni penguin
    bioone.org/journals/waterbird...
    daily.jstor.org/the-gender-be...
    www.biologicaldiversity.org/s...
    Royal penguin
    nzbirdsonline.org.nz/species/...
    Northern/Southern rockhopper penguin
    subantarcticislands.com/macqua...
    penguins.neaq.org/2010/07/nort...
    www.penguinsinternational.org...
    abcbirds.org/bird/northern-ro...
    Snares penguin
    www.doc.govt.nz/nature/native...
    nzbirdsonline.org.nz/species/...
    Little penguin & Australian little penguin
    www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/1...
    academic.oup.com/mbe/article/...
    Yellow-eyed penguin
    www.yellow-eyedpenguin.org.nz...
    #textbooktravel #animals #penguin

Komentáře • 122

  • @Textbooktravel
    @Textbooktravel  Před rokem +77

    Hi Everyone! Just a quick comment on the breeding site maps: after checking the locations of the breeding sites for each species against multiple sources, I found some of the maps on Wikipedia to be inaccurate/possibly outdated so where the locations differ, I have provided the source in the top right hand corner. Just thought I would mention it in case you’re looking on Wikipedia and wondering why a few of them are different!

    • @tennesseeempire2892
      @tennesseeempire2892 Před rokem +1

      Day 2 of asking for all lagomorphs

    • @lourias
      @lourias Před rokem +1

      You taught me a lot about penguins. Please be consistent with your units of measurement. Either all Emperical, all Metric, or consistently use both for every measurement. Switching back and forth is not professional, and makes it harder for those learning new information.

    • @urrywest
      @urrywest Před rokem

      Where are the mouth features that you adviertised as common to all penguins

    • @rockjockchick
      @rockjockchick Před rokem

      Thank you

    • @rockjockchick
      @rockjockchick Před rokem

      @@lourias both are clearly labeled on every species. I don’t think it’s really an issue.

  • @peterjones819
    @peterjones819 Před rokem +193

    A video on all the pinnipeds (seals, sea lions, fur seals and walrus) would be really cool!

  • @sampagano205
    @sampagano205 Před rokem +49

    The little blue penguins are such an underrated penguin. Adorable and very interesting.

  • @whyareyoureadingmynickname8158

    Good video, but you forgot one species - Madagascar penguin. They live in small groups (up to 4), are the only penguin species that can use all kinds of tools and are known for having very strict, almost militaristic, hierarchy. They are highly intelligent and there are even records of them hijacking entire ships from people!
    Anyway, now that you mentioned porpoising, have you planned to cover cetaceans in the future?

    • @BlinkCatBee
      @BlinkCatBee Před rokem +12

      Lol

    • @IvJo
      @IvJo Před rokem +16

      Really don't know how he could miss the most popular and well-known penguin species smh

    • @pale_profile7237
      @pale_profile7237 Před rokem +1

      I got the reference

    • @therewasoldcringe
      @therewasoldcringe Před rokem +6

      they seem to be a melanistic cousin of fairy penguin, since they're so small

    • @spideyfanw1748
      @spideyfanw1748 Před rokem +7

      @@therewasoldcringe I always thought they were gentoo penguins since gentoo’s have orange feet and beaks like they do. Although they don’t have the white patch of feathers across their head.

  • @Just1Me2
    @Just1Me2 Před rokem +14

    7:12
    Smile and wave boys.

  • @KlaximumSkroeft
    @KlaximumSkroeft Před rokem +40

    You always hope quality channels like this grow but it also feels kinda nice being here when it's still small, y'know?

    • @TheRealXPoser
      @TheRealXPoser Před rokem +7

      Yeah, before the bots, spammers, and trolls find it huh? lol

    • @kyrab7914
      @kyrab7914 Před rokem

      Mmhmm. I never seem to quite make the "I knew them before they were famous" train, but I will say after is a bit less cozy, tho successfully done by charming ppl who work to keep that in sight

  • @shervonmoonsammy4479
    @shervonmoonsammy4479 Před rokem +19

    The research for these videos must be insane. Much respect for time and effort put into them

    • @ebo2o215
      @ebo2o215 Před rokem +1

      it's like probably 5 hours of google searches

  • @petermuller1606
    @petermuller1606 Před rokem +9

    Nice video man. your narrating style in this one felt more natural. really liked it. looking forward to the next one

  • @TheECSH
    @TheECSH Před rokem +9

    Perfect timing, as i just got back from a trip to South America and Antarctica, and had the privilege to see four species of penguins. They are amazing creatures. Thanks for the contents!

  • @ZephyrsTuneOfficial
    @ZephyrsTuneOfficial Před rokem +5

    Love the video! Very informative and fun.

  • @capablecopsstudios
    @capablecopsstudios Před rokem +12

    Wow, this was very good. I’ve seen the little penguins at perth zoo, they’re adorable!

  • @Gabe-tt6br
    @Gabe-tt6br Před rokem +12

    Since you went aquatic so many options now exist for future videos. I would enjoy dolphins, toothed whales or baleen whales.

  • @mikeydashank3897
    @mikeydashank3897 Před rokem +3

    2:01 Gentoo like "come at me bro"

  • @bowsercatloading9193
    @bowsercatloading9193 Před rokem +2

    You nailed it again! Such an great video! Man really thank you!!!

  • @olavderuijter8153
    @olavderuijter8153 Před rokem +6

    Never knew pinguins could swim that deep... thats insane

  • @smentina
    @smentina Před rokem +4

    Wait a minute "The Imperial Pinguin is the deepest diver and reaches 1800 ft depth..." That is impossible! 180 ft looks more realistic, no?

    • @BellumCarroll
      @BellumCarroll Před rokem +8

      Crazy as it sounds, it is true. And over half an hour underwater on one breath.
      But these are the extremes, they don’t usually go that deep.

  • @muhammadeisa1459
    @muhammadeisa1459 Před rokem +3

    Penguins are absolutely adorable animals

  • @hugong8518
    @hugong8518 Před rokem +2

    Another great video!

  • @carlosnietodavidson8640
    @carlosnietodavidson8640 Před rokem +1

    I love this channel and I’ve been waiting for a video about all penguin species

  • @KT-M
    @KT-M Před rokem +6

    You should make a video about all parrots

  • @talybriss6523
    @talybriss6523 Před rokem +3

    this is some pretty good content, thank you for your work

  • @authenticpoppy
    @authenticpoppy Před rokem +3

    That was an awesome video! I learned a lot - Thank you!

  • @sauraplay2095
    @sauraplay2095 Před rokem +3

    All very beautiful penguins, and great video describing them!👍

  • @crustacean78
    @crustacean78 Před rokem +2

    I loved your videos so so much!! I look forward to future uploads. I'm taking environmental science in school right now, and it's expanded my love for nature and zoology 💙💚

  • @adrianrutterford762
    @adrianrutterford762 Před rokem +1

    Wonderful video.
    Thank you for your fantastic content.

  • @frederickhampel5452
    @frederickhampel5452 Před rokem +3

    Loved this. I've been hoping for this subject. You described them as "perfectly aerodynamic ", but I believe hydrodynamic would be more accurate. Thanks for a great article.

  • @skinnyweeny2178
    @skinnyweeny2178 Před rokem +5

    King penguin chicks look a bit like kiwis. The fruit, not the bird.

  • @nilanjanachatterjee9023

    Excellent video 😊

  • @Sham_Knubs
    @Sham_Knubs Před rokem +3

    Love African penguins, I got to work with them recently it was amazing

  • @Engifarting456
    @Engifarting456 Před rokem +2

    Humboldt penguins are literally the penguin species in every single zoo

  • @EmperorEnne
    @EmperorEnne Před rokem +5

    Rodents next?

  • @muhammadeisa1459
    @muhammadeisa1459 Před rokem +1

    It's good to hear your voice, mate

  • @legakattack4771
    @legakattack4771 Před rokem +1

    Awesome!

  • @billyr2904
    @billyr2904 Před rokem +1

    I initially wanted you to make 5 videos on rodents, but now I came up with 2 more videos, simply because rodents are so diverse.
    (You could upload these from the most basal group to the least basal or the other way around (it's your choice))
    1st video:- overview on the rodent order: what they have in common, how they relate to one another and when they evolved.
    2nd video:- Sciuromorpha: squirrels, dormice and mountain beaver.
    3rd video:- hystricomorpha: porcupines, cavies, naked mole-rat, chinchillas, coypu and others in this suborder.
    4th video:- Castorimorpha: beavers, gophers and kangaroo mice.
    5th video:- Anomalomorpha and Myomorphs not in the families cricetidae and Muridae: springhares, scalytails, jerboas, oriental dormice, spalacids, mouse-like hamsters and nesomyids.
    6th video:- cricetidae: hamsters, lemmings, voles, muskrats and new world rats and mice.
    7th video:- Muridae: old world rats and mice, as well as gerbils.

  • @KnightShift006
    @KnightShift006 Před rokem +1

    Amazing 🌻

  • @jayAAlves
    @jayAAlves Před rokem +1

    I love this chanel

  • @kyrab7914
    @kyrab7914 Před rokem +1

    Love that the donkey penguin is a thing and must've been a challenge not laughing narrating

  • @phileon2323
    @phileon2323 Před rokem +2

    Penguins are my favorite animals :)

  • @titanofserpents4315
    @titanofserpents4315 Před rokem +1

    I saw a few Galapagos Penguins when I visited the Galapagos islands over the summer.

  • @helencadwallader3796
    @helencadwallader3796 Před 2 měsíci

    Loved the video really interesting. I saw the little blueish penguin at Phillip Island was a fantastic tiny penguin. Had a once in a life time dream trip to OZ and enjoyed every minute of my visit. Am in the UK.

  • @janilsonpinheiro1778
    @janilsonpinheiro1778 Před měsícem

    Nice vídeo

  • @chikasnotmadjustdisappoint6266

    Love penguins, they are among my favorite birds

  • @chestpains1106
    @chestpains1106 Před rokem +1

    Those are some very nice penguins Skipper.
    Indeed they are Private.

  • @lalobz
    @lalobz Před rokem +1

    can you do a video on all species of manta and stingray? i wanna know the differences and the variations

  • @chuk_udi
    @chuk_udi Před 6 měsíci

    i'm gonna make a game about penguins and this video is helpful in background info

  • @Twentynyne
    @Twentynyne Před rokem +1

    I wasn't aware this was a video by you, for some reason it looked weird to me and I didn't want to watch it at first because of the thumbnail, it looked so weird

  • @wallrider4194
    @wallrider4194 Před měsícem +1

    5:19 penguin and seal.

  • @Titanelephantbird
    @Titanelephantbird Před rokem +1

    Make video about all the Ratite species

  • @Vince-cuh-but-SpongeBob
    @Vince-cuh-but-SpongeBob Před rokem +2

    Let’s gooooooo

  • @Titanelephantbird
    @Titanelephantbird Před rokem +1

    Penguins are the only non-Ratite birds on top 10 largest birds list
    *(average body mass)*
    -Common ostrich *104 kilograms*
    -Somali ostrich *90 kilograms*
    -Southern cassowary *45 kilograms*
    -Northern cassowary *44 kilograms*
    -Emu *33 kilograms*
    -Emperor penguin *31.5 kilograms*
    -Greater rhea *23 kilograms*
    -Dwarf cassowary *19.7 kilograms*
    -Lesser rhea *19.6 kilograms*
    -King penguin *13.6 kilograms*

  • @GREATLORDWHITE
    @GREATLORDWHITE Před rokem +1

    The Adélie is the feistiest penguin and will defend emperor chicks from a giant petrel

  • @billyr2904
    @billyr2904 Před rokem +2

    11:42 my nightmare

  • @paxtoncargill4661
    @paxtoncargill4661 Před rokem +1

    There is an alternate universe where whales evolved to walk on land like penguins

  • @Astrapionte
    @Astrapionte Před rokem +2

    Those weren’t erect crested penguins, but cool video nonetheless!

  • @Ryodraco
    @Ryodraco Před rokem +1

    Penguins have to be some of the most antisocial colony birds in the world (with their nests constructed to be just out of range of the next penguin's beak when on their nest). The yellow eye just embraces this more. ^_^

  • @Buycefam834
    @Buycefam834 Před rokem +1

    The king penguins and emperor penguins are marsupial bird
    This is a joke but they do have pouches

  • @1998topornik
    @1998topornik Před rokem +1

    Adele penguin are cute but they have quite messed up social behaviours.

  • @RegasRegas003
    @RegasRegas003 Před 5 měsíci

    Penguin no like money , penguin like fish winter :3

  • @user-oj6el1ez5k
    @user-oj6el1ez5k Před rokem +1

    What about the white flippered penguin?

  • @spliffsforbreakfast
    @spliffsforbreakfast Před rokem +1

    Ok so I was *today* years old when I learned that AFRICA HAS PENGUINS! Idk who I blame more for not knowing.. me, school, or Happy Feet?

  • @MysticWig
    @MysticWig Před rokem +1

    How can an island North of Antarctica be a sub Antarctic island?

  • @a.r.m6303
    @a.r.m6303 Před 6 měsíci +1

    Opium bird 2027
    Lore
    ❄️🌨️🐧

  • @theflyingdutchguy9870
    @theflyingdutchguy9870 Před rokem +1

    penguins are the perfect example off adaptations making a species fit one enviroment but unfit for another

  • @heichan8657
    @heichan8657 Před rokem +1

    most people looking at penguins: awww so cute and walk funny
    zoologist looking at penguins: hey these guys are kind of messed up

  • @marmhmv2216
    @marmhmv2216 Před rokem +2

    No way...

  • @indyreno2933
    @indyreno2933 Před rokem +1

    There are thirty extant orders of birds, Tinamiformes (Tinamous), Rheiformes (Rheas), Struthioniformes (Ostriches), Apterygiformes (Kiwis), Casuariiformes (Cassowaries and Emu), Opisthocomiformes (Hoatzin), Falconiformes (Birds of Prey), Galliformes (Gamebirds), Anseriformes (Waterfowl), Gruiformes (Cranes, Limpkin, Trumpeters, Rails, Crakes, Sora, Gallinules, Nativehens, Swamphens, Moorhen, Watercock, Coots, Finfoots, Flufftails, Woodrails, and Forest Rails), Charadriiformes (Shorebirds), Ciconiiformes (Storks, Herons, Egrets, Bitterns, Ibises, and Spoonbills), Pelecaniformes (Pelicans, Cormorants, Shags, Darters, Frigatebirds, Boobies, Gannets, Tropicbirds, Shoebill, Hamerkop, Sunbittern, and Kagu), Procellariiformes (Petrels, Shearwaters, Fulmars, Prions, Albatrosses, and Storm Petrels), Podicipediformes (Grebes), Gaviiformes (Loons), Phoenicopteriformes (Flamingos), Sphenisciformes (Penguins), Pteroclidiformes (Sandgrouse), Columbiformes (Pigeons and Doves), Cuculiformes (Cuckoos, Turacos, Bustards, and Mesites), Caprimulgiformes (Nightjars, Nighthawks, Poorwills, Pauraques, Frogmouths, Owlet Nightjars, Potoos, and Oilbird), Apodiformes (Swifts and Hummingbirds), Strigiformes (Owls), Trogoniformes (Trogons), Piciformes (Woodpeckers, Honeyguides, Toucans, Barbets, Jacamars, and Puffbirds), Coraciiformes (Rollers, Kingfishers, Bee-Eaters, Motmots, Todies, Hornbills, Hoopoes, Woodhoopoes, and Scimitarbills), Coliiformes (Mousebirds), Psittaciformes (Parrots), and Passeriformes (Passerines), birds are also divided into four superorders, Palaeognathae (Tinamous and Ratites), Palaeoaves (Primitive Neognaths), Aequornithes (Water-Based Neoavians), and Telleraves (Land-Based Neoavians), Palaeognathae is split into five extant orders under three extant grandorders, Tinamimorphae (Tinamous and Fossil Relatives) with only the order Tinamiformes, Struthionimorphae (Holotropical Ratites) with the orders Rheiformes and Struthioniformes, and Apterygimorphae (Oceanian Ratites) with the orders Apterygiformes and Casuariiformes, the Palaeoaves superorder contains four extant orders being Opisthocomiformes, Falconiformes, Galliformes, and Anseriformes, the superorder Aequornithes contains nine extant orders within three grandorders, the grandorders are Gruicharadriae with the orders Gruiformes and Charadriiformes, Ciconiopelecanae with the orders Ciconiiformes and Pelecaniformes, and Procellariimorphae containing three mirorders being Procellariae with only the order Procellariiformes, Gaviopodicipedae with the orders Podicipediformes and Gaviiformes, and Phoenicopterospheniscae with the orders Phoenicopteriformes and Sphenisciformes, and the superorder Telleraves contains twelve extant orders also under three grandorders, the grandorders are Columbimorphae with the orders Pteroclidiformes and Columbiformes, Furitivornithes with the orders Cuculiformes, Caprimulgiformes, Apodiformes, and Strigiformes, and Coraciopasserea consisting of two mirorders, Coraciimorphae with the orders Trogoniformes, Piciformes, and Coraciiformes and Passerimorphae with the orders Coliiformes, Psittaciformes, and Passeriformes.

  • @jorkor
    @jorkor Před rokem +1

    Amazing video, as always! Thank you! All 90 Whale Species up next maybe?? 🥲

  • @nicbro3831
    @nicbro3831 Před rokem +1

    I just realized the killer whales have the same kind of protective coloring.. which implies there was or is a natural predator for killer whales 😳

    • @theflyingdutchguy9870
      @theflyingdutchguy9870 Před rokem +1

      its a very common thing for oceanic creatures. and all whales came from a smaller ancestor so they could have inherented it from smaller ancestors. but there also used to be many more species and orca's where probably hunted by multiple.

    • @vernonfridy8416
      @vernonfridy8416 Před rokem +4

      Countershading also works the other way around; it can help predators avoid detection by their prey.

  • @billyr2904
    @billyr2904 Před rokem +1

    DINOSAURS!

  • @mlgodzilla4206
    @mlgodzilla4206 Před 29 dny

    Where’s the one that has a rivalry with bats?

  • @indyreno2933
    @indyreno2933 Před rokem +1

    Penguins are birds that comprise the order Sphenisciformes, there are only twenty extant species under six genera, three tribes, a single extant subfamily, and a single extant family
    Taxonomy:
    • Order: Spehnisciformes (Penguins)
    •• Family: Spheniscidae (True Penguins)
    ••• Subfamily: Spheniscinae (Modern Penguins)
    •••• Tribe: Spehniscini (Common Penguins)
    ••••• Genus: Eudyptula (Blue Penguins)
    •••••• Species: Eudyptula albosignata (White-Flippered Penguin)
    •••••• Species: Eudyptula minor (Little Penguin)
    •••••• Species: Eudyptula novaehollandiae (Fairy Penguin)
    ••••• Genus: Spheniscus (Banded Penguins/Jackass Penguins)
    •••••• Species: Spheniscus demersus (African Penguin)
    •••••• Species: Spheniscus magellanicus (Magellanic Penguin)
    •••••• Species: Spheniscus humboldti (Humboldt Penguin)
    •••••• Species: Spheniscus mendiculus (Galapagos Penguin)
    •••• Tribe: Eudyptini (Yellow-Patched Penguins)
    ••••• Genus: Megadyptes (Yellow-Headed Penguins)
    •••••• Species: Megadyptes antipodes (Yellow-Eyed Penguin)
    ••••• Genus: Eudyptes (Crested Penguins)
    •••••• Species: Eudyptes pachyrhynchus (Fiordland Penguin)
    •••••• Species: Eudyptes sclateri (Erect-Crested Penguin)
    •••••• Species: Eudyptes robustus (Snares Penguin)
    •••••• Species: Eudyptes schlegeli (Schlegel's Penguin)
    •••••• Species: Eudyptes chrysolophus (Macaroni Penguin)
    •••••• Species: Eudyptes moseleyi (Northern Rockhopper Penguin)
    •••••• Species: Eudyptes chrysocome (Southern Rockhopper Penguin)
    •••• Tribe: Aptenodytini (Antarctic Penguins)
    ••••• Genus: Pygoscelis (Brush-Tailed Penguins)
    •••••• Species: Pygoscelis papua (Gentoo Penguin)
    •••••• Species: Pygoscelis antarctica (Chinstrap Penguin)
    •••••• Species: Pygoscelis adeliae (Adélie Penguin)
    ••••• Genus: Aptenodytes (Great Penguins/Royal Penguins)
    •••••• Species: Aptenodytes patagonicus (King Penguin)
    •••••• Species: Aptenodytes forsteri (Emperor Penguin)

  • @pattykcake
    @pattykcake Před 9 měsíci

    penwing

  • @spliffsforbreakfast
    @spliffsforbreakfast Před rokem

    uhKWATic

  • @elshebactm6769
    @elshebactm6769 Před rokem

    🗿👍🏿

  • @jazzycat8917
    @jazzycat8917 Před rokem +1

    Noot noot!

  • @joeyopenshaw
    @joeyopenshaw Před 28 dny

    this video seems good but the AI voice is really distracting....

  • @xoxo-teresa
    @xoxo-teresa Před rokem

    aQUAtic

  • @theflyingdutchman7969
    @theflyingdutchman7969 Před rokem +1

    Solid info but I’m gonna need this in Mph and Fahrenheit. Redo this video in American please.

    • @Rage_Harder_Then_Relax
      @Rage_Harder_Then_Relax Před rokem +2

      They showed both on screen. You blind or something?

    • @KateeAngel
      @KateeAngel Před 5 měsíci

      You could use converter, just like we 96% of population do when watching videos made by Americans with miles and pounds

  • @_AntonioRipoll
    @_AntonioRipoll Před rokem +1

    14:53 WROOOOONG. Southern elephant seals specialize in squid, cuttlefish and large fish.
    They do NOT prey on ANY bird, what's-o-ever.
    17:06 - 17:27 17:36 - 17:45 All the images you used to represent the Erect-crested Penguin on those two segments of the video are actually from SOUTHERN ROCKHOPPERS from the Eastern sub-species.

  • @nicholasscardinanewandimpo3387

    What about the white flippered penguin?