The origin of every European country's name
VloĆŸit
- Äas pĆidĂĄn 19. 06. 2024
- Enjoy this etymological tour of Europe đ And remember you can improve your career with TripleTen using my code "RobWords" for 30% off on all their programs! Sign up for a FREE TripleTen career consultation with my link: get.tripleten.com/RobWords
đ Which country is the "land of the rabbits"?
đ©đȘ Why does Germany have so many different names?
đłđ± Where do the Dutch actually live?
đđ· What links Croatians and neckties?
These curious questions answered and many more as I attempt to explain the origin of every European country's name in English!
UPDATE: I have removed the section of this video covering Ukraine, Belarus and Russia. The subject was proving too controversial in light of Russia's unjustified invasion of Ukraine and drawing the wrong attention to my channel.
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==CHAPTERS==
0:00 Introduction
0:16 Germany
1:44 The Netherlands
2:38 Belgium
3:23 Spain
4:28 Iceland
5:20 TripleTen
6:28 Norway
6:51 Denmark
7:32 Austria
8:03 Poland
8:37 Czechia/Czech Republic
9:03 Slovakia & Slovenia
9:47 Serbia
10:28 Croatia
11:40 France
12:33 Sweden
13:22 Switzerland
13:56 Romania
14:38 Turkey
15:15 Latvia
15:21 Hungary
15:30 Greece
15:40 Finland
15:58 Estonia
16:05 Bulgaria
16:11 Azerbaijan
16:25 Armenia
16:35Albania
17:02 North Macedonia
17:35 Montenegro
17:48 Bosnia & Herzegovina
18:07 Moldova
18:45 Portugal
19:15 Malta
19:35 Vatican, Luxembourg & Liechtenstein
20:00 San Marino
20:15 Monaco
20:28 Andorra
20:42 Cyprus
21:13 Italy
21:41 Lithuania
22:00 Georgia
22:30 Ireland & UK - ZĂĄbava
Hit me with some more interesting place name origins! And improve your career with TripleTen using my code "RobWords" for 30% off on all their programs, Sign up for a FREE TripleTen career consultation with my link: get.tripleten.com/RobWords
UPDATE: I have removed the section of this video covering Ukraine, Belarus and Russia. It was proving too controversial in light of Russia's unjustified invasion of Ukraine.
đRABBIT UPDATE: I am now aware that rabbits are not rodents.
It's not that interesting, but here in the U.S. state of Colored Red is a town (and mountain) called Niwot after an Arapaho chief, and it means 'left--hand'.
Not that interesting, I just wanted to be the first response!
...and I'm sinistral myself.
So Iceland is a geothermal hotspot but called Iceland, and Greenland which is covered in ice is called Greenland. weird
@@Twi_543 I just like that Snowland wasn't metal enough, it had to be ICELAND.
I think with this comprehensive list, you should have implemented Kosovo as .... yeah difficult how to frame it to not anger the usual supects. May you outline, why it didn't made it into the list?
@@Twi_543 There's the idea that Greenland was so named in order to attract settlers. Ancient hype.
The embassies of Slovenia and Slovakia in Washington DC have a monthly meeting where they exchange mail mistakenly sent to the wrong embassy.
I would not be surprised if Austria and australia had the same
â@@Ed19601 and as an Australian I've long held that this confusion could be entirely avoided by just calling the other one Ăsterreich. After all, it's what the people who live there call it. Makes sense to me.
Sweden and Switzerland meet just down the corridor from them to do the same.
"....where they exchange mail mistakenly sent to the wrong embassy."
Which is gather together & forwarded to Serbia.
@@Luubelaar Both names are directional but from different languages - eastern kingdom for Austria and southern land for Australia!
Pole in slav languages means field....Poland therefore is land of fields.
Field - in the sense of an open area, to be precise. Like in a battlefield.
Considering it's basically one large plain open to invasion from both sides that's pretty fitting.
â@@Alias_Anybody well, its even better. Poland comes frome tribe name Polans (Polanie) which meant people living in fields...
And it is supposedly came from a fact that early medieval settlements of slavs in that area became rapidly deforested (those land were one huge forests and swamps before)
I thought Poland was the land of long sticks.
@@imcbocian
"Forest and field" as an expression literally means "garden-variety" in German, so you could say Poles are garden-variety slavs, contrasted to Slovaks who are slavic slavs and the Russian rowing slavs.
The "Single House" that Monaco was derived from was a temple of Hercules that was set all alone upon the Rock of Monaco. Its position made it very noticeable to passing sailors. Since it stood there all alone, so it was known as the "Single House" as it was the only building of note on the promontory.
Agree with that
you left out Russia, Belarus and Ukraine
russia means the land of the rus, rus being the northman word for rowing, russia means the land of the people who row, belarus means white russia and ukraine means the borderland, because it was the border between poland and russia in the middle ages. altough, in the past ukraine used to be called ruthenia. the medieval russian state used to be centered around kyiv and not moscow, so russia was called ruthenia in latin source. basically, there was this kingdom of Russia (kievan rus) which was destroyed by the mongols, then the duchy of muscovy reconquered it and took the name russia in order to legitimize their new kingdom. ukrainians, russians and belarussians(and other smaller groups) are all russians, but saying implies that Russia should conquer them all. i propose that we call all the east slavs russians and call the russians that live in putin's country muscovites.
If you check 8:02 you can notice that although the previous country was Austria it jumps from Belarus, guessing they were removed due to the current geopolitical climate
I always thought that the Rus in Russia came from the Finnish for Swede (Ruotsi) because of the Scandinavian settlements along the Volga (as later, the Germans would create), following the amber route south to Constantinople. I also was told that Sverige (Swedish for Sweden) combines the goddess Svea with the word for kingdom, Rige (cf Reich).
Omitting information in an educational video because of politics turned me off completely to this channel
Read the description
I will point out, neither rabbits, nor hyraxes, are rodents. Rabbits are lagomorphs, which are the other member of glires, which rodents also are, but theyâre still not technically rodents. Hyraxes, on the other hand, are afrotheres and are therefore more closely related to elephants, manatees, and aardvarks than to rodents. Still a great video, though, as always.
Glad someone else knows this :)
And people who have never seen a rabbit before are supposed to know this?
All right. I'll accept that, but I think that you're just splitting hares.
â@@johnturner4400 No, but now you know.
That's only using modern taxonomy, which is arbitrary. They used to be officially rodents, which is why they are still considered that colloquially.
I love that in English, Austria and Australia look similar. But Austria comes from German for East, and Australia comes from Latin for South
And on a map Australia is in the South and East on a map.
@@leekelly9639 if you're a resident of Antarctica, it's also in the north
What's interesting, though, is that both derive from the same PIE root, so they are related
Even worse, try to distinguish between Weird Al and Weird AI... D:
The thing is that âAustriaâ is a name English people gave that country. Itâs real name is different, as you probably know.
âPoleâ comes from the slavic word for âfieldâ. Poland probably got itâs name from being on a flat plain and is mostly rural.
Poland doesn't even own the land the country started out in though..
Regarding Spain. Small correction: Not the land of the rabbits but the island of the rabbits.
In Hebrew, which is a very close sister language to the Phoenician spoken in Carthage, the translation of "the island of rabbits" is "Yi Hashfanim" = "Ispania".
So the most probably the word Espania or Hispania comes from the Hebrew word Hashefanim
@@Rus-bw2oq
From the Phoenician which is very close to Hebrew
Monaco, meaning "single house" may be named for the fact that it has been ruled by a single family, or house, the Grimaldis, for over 800 years
The pizza guy?
8 C. is a pretty good record
probably not long enough to be responsible for the name
Not because that's literally the size of Monaco? One house
The country was named long before the Grimaldi family came along. The Ancient Greeks called it Monoikos, "one house". It should be noted that in Ancient Greece, temples were also called houses, so it could be a place with only one temple.
Quickly pointing out the "Greece" is also an exonym. The endonym is "Ellas" which is where English get's the term "Hellenistic".
Plus... the name "Greek" derives from "Graeci" which was one of the Hellenic tribes (originated from Thessalie) that inhabited in south Italy. For the Romans that became synonym for "old tribe". In a parallel way the Turks are calling the greeks "Yunan" = ÎÏÎœÎ”Ï (Ionians) the Hellenic inhabitants of the west coast of (nowdays) Turkey
@@toboologlou maybe but according to Aristotle the term greece has Illyrian.( Albanian) origins....Graikhos Graii ("Meteorologica" I.xiv),
â@@lagjescuni5482in meteorologika, I see there is a reference on "ÎÏαÎčÎșÎżÎč" (and other Hellenic tribes) but nothing about Illyrians. Those two civilizations have totally different attributes (language, customs, religion, technological advancements, etc). Can you please make a specific reference on documents upon the Illyrians?
@@toboologlou are you kidding? write Graikhos ( Meteorologica" I.xiv ) on google
@@toboologlou However, according to Hellenic mythology, the Illyrians were their cousins ââand they also wrote that they descended from Cyclopes.... of course, most of the things that the ancient authors wrote are ridiculous, I know..
This should be titled "Why people from outside of these countries call them something other than what these countries call themselves."
Well I think itâs understood that itâs the English names since this is an English language video. But he does cover a lot of the endonyms as well
@@wspencerwatkins yes, it is a myopic viewpoint
@@kirancourt itâs just a particular viewpoint. His audience is mostly English speaking, what do you want?
@@wspencerwatkins I want each of the countries he discusses to be treated equally. He talked about Germany's original native name but not many of the others
@@kirancourt or... you could suck it up and enjoy a good video anyway.
3:53 That's actually one of the plausible ethimologies. The origin is uncertain beyond "Hispania" in Latin, to which the Romans added the nickname "land of the rabbits". However, the term has older roots, but those are unknown, and point to some plausible origins:
-The Phoenician terms Isp-an-ya, meaning "land of copper" (as the phoenincians purchased a lot of copper from the Tartessos culture in Southern Spain).
-The Iberian name Ispanis, which was the name of the city currently known as Sevilla (the Romans called it Hispalis, later "Hispalis-Villa", and with the passage of time it got shortened to Isvilla, from which the name "Sevilla" comes).
The other name for Spain, Iberia, has a well known origin: it's a reference to the Ebro river (then known as Iber), though in the Iberian language "Iber" means "large river".
But today Iberian means of the Iberian pennisula and so Portugal and Andorra are both included as part of the pennisula and historic Iberian people from Bronze Age and whatnot. I mean if we speak of Iberian people and their culture (they are one of the oldest agricultural ppl of Europe and Celtic first cousins). Ofc it was named after Ebro. But also Spain adopted Roman name so the reason why Spaniards called Hispanoamérica the lands they conquered in America.
A bit more about Georgia.
1 - The Georgians call their own country Sakartvelo, which simply means "Land of the Kartveli".
2 - The Russians and most (not all) of the former Soviet states refer to Georgia as "Gruzia".
3 - Some of the local Georgians offer the following explanations of why other nations refer to the place as "Georgia"
a - It starts with the Persian incursions, one of which was repulsed by the great King Vakhtang. Vakhtang wore a wolf's skull as his battle helmet, striking fear into the Persians. The Persian word for wolf is something like "gorgas", so the Persians referred to the area as "Gorgestan" or "Gorjestan". In fact, the Farsi and Dari speaking populations of the world still refer to this country by that name.
Side note - I heard from some Georgians that the English word "Gorgeous" came to us from the French diplomats who began to interact with Persia a few centuries ago. Those diplomats noted the rare and conspicuous beauty of the women of the Lorestan region of Persia - a region populated by people who were intentionally moved en-masse from Gorjestan's Kakheti region during a past invasion of that area. The Persians told the French diplomats that these women hailed from Gorjestan... which quickly became an adjective to describe rare and conspicuous beauty.
b - Not long after Vakhtang... or perhaps almost coincidental to that time... Christianity was taking a foothold in the area. The last Pagan hold out was an area just north of modern day Tbilisi. That area's Pagan god was an idol which apparently was called "Tetri Giorgi" - or "White George". The evangelists who converted these Pagans allegedly used the association with Saint George, equating him to "White George", and subordinating him to the larger Christian religion. As the story goes, this helped convince the locals that they had been on target with a reverence for White George but had simply been unaware of his role in a larger religion... which became theirs.
c - A few centuries later, during the crusades, some European crusaders took a route to the Holy Land thru Georgia. They noted the locals' reverence for Christianity and especially for Saint George. Later, when they went south into the Holy Land, the Persian "Gorjestan" had influenced what the locals called that area - something not identical but similar to Gorjestan. The crusaders, remembering the Kartveli's reverence for St George and now hearing the Arabs refer to that region as something which sounded like it referred to St George, adopted the name "Georgia" for that area.
long before Vakhtang we called that land georgia (gorgestan). in parthian sources, it's name is wergestan (werg in parthian = gorg in persian)
@@amir7890 - Interesting. I was not aware that the name preceded Vakhtang. I heard about this from a Georgian perspective. The folks there seem to think that the Persians started calling the place Gorjestan because of Vakhtang. Perhaps the Georgians with whom I spoke were unaware of how long that name had been in use.
â ââ @@amir7890 soo interestingâŠWergestan⊠In Armenia, Georgia is called Verastan (the Upper Country).
â@@davidprugh4190The Turks also call it Gorjestan, the name was adopted from Persian.
That was amazing! Thanks so much for putting all that out there. I may cite you at some point. đ
A bit about Slavs. In slavic languages the word for Slavs is some variant of "sloveni" which means in a roundabout way, the people with words or the people with language. It's the antonym of th Slavic "nemci" (i.e. the people without language). I guess living next door to the Germans meant the slavs defined themselves in opposition to their neighbours. Something along the line of "we can speak and you can't nya nya nya nya nya".
Also, in addition to Slovakia and Slovenia, there's also Slavonia in Croatia.
@@InfiniteDeckhand Any scientific proof?
@@InfiniteDeckhand It was called "Slavuta", and that was from a different root.
Slavs or slovanie/sloveni coming from slovo (word) is probably the most popular etymology.
And yeah, the situation with Germans can be summed up to:
Slavs - "we speak (our language)"
Germans - "they don't speak (our language)"
Exactly- sclaves came from Slavs, not vice versa
@@InfiniteDeckhand that's bull shit. There are no written sources for the actual use of the term "Slavutych" by the Slavs back in the day. The oldest source is some "historiographic" writing from Moscow from the 17th century. And they translate "Slavutych" as "Son of Slavs" or "Son of Glory", which makes the term "Slav" the older one. Dnipro and similar/older forms of the word are found in writings from the 4th century, when the name shifted from the Greek Borisphen to Latin Danaprius from probably some Old Slavic version of a Scythian name.
You forgot Ukraine, Russia and Belarus:(. If Azerbaijan, Armenia and Georgia could be considered Europe so can they.
Def not European.
ââ@@user-di7ww6pm3cĐżĐŸĐżĐ»Đ°Ń ŃĐœŃĐ”ŃĐŒĐ”ĐœŃ
Oh kay. 40% of the European landmass is in Russia. It's literally the most European of all European countries.
@@azamatbagatov7161 not european people, nor european land. Azamat doesn't sound like a white European name to me.
â@@user-di7ww6pm3cyou have been brainwashed so much that you listen to brown author telling you what's white and what's not.
22:31 2 countries? I have a feeling that Ukraine and Belarus are missing too
In the video description, he says: UPDATE: I have removed the section of this video covering Ukraine, Belarus and Russia. The subject was proving too controversial in light of Russia's unjustified invasion of Ukraine and drawing the wrong attention to my channel.
@@xafierah finally, by the time I was writing my comment the update wasn't there yet
In iranic languages (Persian, kurdish etc)
Poland is usually called Lahestan, meaning the Land of the Lech.
ââ@@OtaBengaBokongohow is it related? That's literally not the origin of that name, also it's Lech, one "e"?
@@Spacey_key i think you should consider the ways it was pronounced hundreds or thousands of years ago. sound "Ch", "Kh", "H" can be the same depends of language or dialect.
@@ghomeyshi7 I know how it's pronounced, I'm polish
@@Spacey_key Well his comment was still correct: you don't know how things were pronounced thousands years ago thousands of kilometers away :)
In Armenian we say « Lehastan »
The etymology of Finland's name is actually not well established. A popular theory suggests Finland originally meant "land of the fens/swamps". This is also reinforced by the fact "suo" (as seen in Suomi) means swamp in Finnish.
The word Suomi having something to with the word "suo", 'swamp' is not very likely, according to current research (check for example Suomen etymologinen sanakirja: Suomi). Nevertheless, it probably doesn't have any bearing on how and why the term Finland, used by foreigners, came to be.
The northern people called "fenni" or "finn" are mentioned in different sources from the Roman times, probably referring to Sami peoples. The people group giving the land its name seems to be the most probable explanation. The meaning of the word would therefore be from something that applies to people, not the landscape. But of course Finland has many fens and swamps, so it's not out of the realm of possibility.
In Estonian we say "Soome"
"Soo" a word that can mean swamp.
"Me" shorthand for "Meie/Meie oma", meaning "us/ours"
@@heinrichkrull2523 Yes, a modern speaker may break it down to such parts by just looking at how it looks like nowadays, but of course etymology isn't so simple.
The most probable reconstruction points to either *sĂ€mĂ€ or *ĆŸemÄ as the original form of the word. The latter could be a baltic loanword, meaning 'land'. But it's a very difficult word to trace that has puzzled scholars for a long time. Nevertheless, it should be the same word as Sami.
@@finnguy9096 "Finland" is not just used by foreigners. There's a native group of Swedish speaking people, so it's the official name for the country in Swedish. What is now called Finland was earlier called eastern Sweden (östlandet/itÀmaa) and the name Suomi/Finland originated from a smaller part, what is now called Varsinaissuomi/Egentliga Finland/Southwest Finland.
@@johansvideor Yes, of course. I meant non-Finnish speaking people, sorry for the mix up.
The runestones that first mention "finlont" and "finlandi" are from Sweden, NorrtÀlje and Gotland, from the 11th century. They may well refer to the area known now as Finland Proper (Varsinais-Suomi) as that is what Swedes would have most probably known as "Finland" (and would later call by that name).
What I'm saying that linking the word "Suomi" with the word "Finland", as if that is a translation of some kind, is unfounded and improbable. More probable is that Swedes probably named the area Finland for their own reasons and from their own perspective and the name used in Sweden came from Swedes and not Finns or Swedish immigrants moving to Finland. Of course, there's no direct evidence of any kind to settle the matter, I'm just going by my own logic.
Man, these transitions were on point!
This is really well done. Content and graphics.
8:33 "White" means "Northern", similar to how "Red Ruthenia" is "Western" and refers to Western Ukraine and adjacent parts of Poland.
another theory: former "white" was "west" - "light sky when sun goes down"
Doesn't 'black' mean 'northern' though?
@@georgeoldsterd8994 White is West and North is Black in East Asia
@@georgeoldsterd8994 Seems like white=north, red=west, black=south (Black Sea is to the south of Russia). No color associated with the east, AFAIK.
@@contrarian8870 the name of Black Sea exists earlier than so called russia (known from 1721)
14:05 đšđ Switzerland is also called Helvetia or Federation Helvetica ⊠I am surprised you didnât put that in there.
âThe Latin name is ultimately derived from the name of the Helvetii, the Gaulish tribe living on the Swiss plateau in the Roman era. The allegory Helvetia makes her appearance in 1672. The official Latin name Confoederatio Helvetica was introduced gradually after the formation of the federal state in 1848.â
I think it also is on the Swiss postage stamps. The Helvetii were one of the first tribes Caesar conquered on his way through Gaul.
I don't know if the currency is still like that, but Swiss coins I have from the 60s and 70s have "Helvetica" on them as well.
@@peztopher7297 The Swiss use their own money still and I believe it still does have Helvetica on them.
@@louisegogel7973 not anymore
No one in german switzerland calls it Helvetica tho, ever.
Thanks, Rob, I enjoyed it! Could have easily spent twice as long on each example, but I'm a baby boomer with a longer concentration span, and I take delight in savouring you cool, funny, erudite explanations, digging deep to get to my past learning of Latin and Ancient Greek. .
Rob, you never disappoint! Interesting trivia and etymology. I love to learn about the roots and sources of various words and names. Looks like you had a fair bit of fun with your graphics and overlays for this video. Keep up the work!â€
"Slav" or "Slovan" actually comes from the word "Slovo", which means "word". Slavs are to other Slavs "word-people" or "people we can understand", so it's the same as Germany. Also, isn't Poland named after fields?
And what "slowo" word comes from? "(z)Ćowo" which means "somenthing catched". Perfectly means what it does. Then "uchwyciÄ sĆowo" means "catch the chatch" :D (it goes further: ĆĂłw - Ćowi(Ä) - gĆowa (a head, previously zĆowa for sure), sĆowo. The "Word" comes (through phrase/phrasis) from "wy-raz" which literally means "hit out, beat out", which again perfectly means what it does.) So it is more obvious than 'people who talk'
Yep correct, people who speak "slovo" and therefore ours, whereas those other guys are "nemy", mute (Nemec/Niemec = German).
@@jakubhusak1624 @ Dafuq? No, this is not how etymology works, at all.
â@@jakubhusak1624average poles theoristc
@@jakubhusak1624
Nonsense---you take it out of context!---In all of the other Slavic languages Slovo means "word"--nothing to do with "catch"!
15:54 Hearing rob say the phrase "big ass birds" caught me off-guard a little haha
Ah, so I wasn't hearing things after all. :D
The video graphics took a massive upgrade on this video. Nice work!
Many thanks. Always interesting information from you.
As an Estonian, I thought Our name came from others thinking were the Baltic Aesti tribe (Eesti is the Estonian name of our country). Our Finish name Viro either might have come from a similar word to VÔro (a minority subgroup of Estonians, who's language feels like an in-between Finnish and Estonian) or an area (similar to Holland), because that was an area where people smuggled alcohol from. So people who refer us as "Finland's Alcohol shop" might pick the 2nd answer.
Also, Viro might be the official name for Estonia in Finnish, but about half of the times you can hear Finns referring to Estonia as Eesti in the casual speech.
You mean Estimaa?
He should have named that segment "countries named after a tribe, that may or may not have lived there". Hungary comes from Onoghurs, a Turkic tribe, that lived somewhere in the Pontic Steppe. The Byzantines mistakenly believed the Hungarians to be Onoghurs, when they appeared in Europe. But Hungarian is an Ugric language, not a Turkic one and they had nothing to do with Onoghurs, who never lived anywhere near modern day Hungary.
I think he just wanted to speed things up, because going into all these details, how tribes were misidentified back in ancient times, would have taken a long time.
Interesting. I have a question that roundaboutedly relates to what you said.
There's a meme song called Levan Polkka, in some instances usually accompanied by a animation of an anime girl spinning two leeks.
It sounds Finnish to me, but someone I know that speaks Finnish swears its lyrics are not Finnish. I think someone else said it isn't Estonian either.
If you've heard of it, answer me this:
Could the language in the lyrics be that of the VÔro?
Random as all hell I know, but I wanted to take a shot in the dark here. đ
@@Zabiru- Ievan Polkka (written with capital i) is sung in Finnish but that part which is part of the meme is completely gibberish.
You missed Swedens name for Germany which is the same name as their own. Tyskland which also is Land of the people in proto norse.
Italians use Germania for the country but tedesco (of same family as deutsch and tysk) for its people
Not just Swedens name for it, but also Norway and Denmark⊠But I suspect âtyskâ is our version of deutsch. In Dutch itâs called Duitsland, basically a mix of âtyskâ and âdeutschâ.
@@Sonderborg75 Yes I found out about this as well a couple of years ago. T and D are basically the same letter a couple of years ago. Dag and Tag are basically the same as well.
As a German I also would've liked him to mention why Germans started to refer to themselves as "deutsch"
That was to differentiate themselves from the other parts of the balkanised franconian empire after Charlemagne's death.
So "deutsch" literally means "of the people" but in practice it means "not-French"
Tysk sounds very close to Deuts, or Deutsch.
Wow! Very enlightening, Thank you, much appreciated đđđđ
5:05 The irony here is, that Greenland is by average more icy than Iceland, and Iceland is by average more green than Iceland.
The rumor say that the names were given in the context of the season they were visited.
Greenland was named Greenland so that more settlers would be prone to settle there---if they called it wasteland few people would be attracted to it!
I love whenever I turn on the TV and see you on it Rob! The DW News is played really early in the morning here in Australia and I watch it as I'm having a coffee in a desperate attempt to wake up. Really happy you're having success on both television and CZcams.
He's on TV too?
Thank you!
You watch German news in the morning in Australia?
@@Skyfighter94 What better way to start one's day than to wake up in Australia and watch some German newsđ?
Does Rob speak German on the show?
As always, very interesting. And complicated.
Great video!
Thank you Rob.
Greetings,
Anthony
I believe you've mistaken \ missed out on a few countries.
Ukraine (my motherland and homeland) may be named after "borderED land \ Land with borders, like a normal country", because the root ĐŃĐ°Đč (kray) also means "separated land", the land that has [some] borders, and the beginning ĐŁ- (U) indicates being in \ belonging to\ that land, which means the people who named the country were native here. Basically, Ukraine means "Home" for us
ĐŸĐșŃĐ°ĐžĐœĐ° ŃŃĐŸ ŃŃŃŃĐșĐŸĐ” ŃĐ»ĐŸĐČĐŸ
@@Chaldon-hl6yk I suggest you use goggle translator if you can't speak.
Ukraine does NOT mean "Borderland"---This is ignorant propaganda propagated by the RuZZians who have a different word for country--"strana".--This is why they do not hear the UKRAINIAN word for "country" in the word Ukrayina! (the root here is krayina---not simply kray!)
Ukrayina means U-country just like Deutschland means Deutsch-country, England means Eng-country, Estimaa means Esti-country Jong Guo means Jong-country, etc,
@@Chaldon-hl6yk
So what!---Moscow is English word--"cow" --you have many slow mooving cows in Moscow---so slow moss grows on them!--Don't use your foreign RuZZian language to interpret the meaning of a UKRAINIAN word!
@@WangAiHua ukrainian is archaic rural dialect of russian, okraina = outskirt
I think Monaco comes from monks or monasteries, given that Munich is called Monaco di Baviera (Monaco of Bavaria) in Italian and the word 'monacal' in romance languages refers to things related to monks.
So that's why there are two monks on their coat of arms.
The term house can mead family, household, and dynasty so maybe the whole of the country is based on that. I donât know anything about their history to verify the idea.
Could either be that they were all from one royal house or, similar to the Vatican, one religious house which would line up with what you said
I have an association with the place of Monaco which was closed to neighbors as monasteries were self-closed places for the world.
Monako is actually named after Hercules Monoikos, since there was a temple there dedicated to the mythical figure Hercules himself. It's not a disputed name origin, so you didn't have to guess as to where the name came from.
@@languagesolehsoleh "The armoured friars on either side of the shield reflect the creation of Monaco under Grimaldi rule, involving one François Grimaldi also known as the âMaliziaâ. These supporters serve as a reminder of the victory of François Grimaldi over the Ghibellines, whose failed attempt to guard the Rock of Monaco meant the eventual conquest and consequently, the beginning of Grimaldi dominance over this region in 1297. Symbolically, the monks are a core part of this history because François Grimaldi was said to have disguised himself as one in order to penetrate the fortress without detection, hence, the unusual combination of a religious figure defiantly holding a weapon as a dominant theme in this armorial achievement." (Wikipedia "Coat of Arms of Monaco")
It's the Family coat of arms first and the country's only secondarily.
I enjoyed it very much. Thank you.
The Ancient Greeks called anyone not speaking Greek, Barbarians; to them anything not Greek sounded like bar-bar âŠ
Wasn't that the Romans?
â@@weareallbornmad410no. They had phrase the ancient Hellenes: ÏÎ±Ï ÎŒÎ· ÎλληΜ ÎČÎŹÏÎČαÏÎżÏ.
Yep.
This is a myth, they did not call everyone else barbarians. They for example did not apply this moniker to the mittanni, egyptians, and phoenicians to name a few.
also Ancient (and modern) Greeks called themselves Ellines and the greek name of the country today is Ellas (Hellas in latin alphabet).
Your linguistic channel is just pure gold. Thank you!
I love how you film your videos outside in different locations each time.
Thanks for another vaguely interesting video
Finland used to be comprised of several disconnected tribes such as Tavastians, Savonians, Karelians and Finns proper. Lapland and the Sami people is a whole other story, but much of Lapland is a part of Finland now. The Viking sagas refer to "Fenni" as people wielding magical powers and using shaman drums (likely referring to the Sami people) while the Roman historian Tacitus refers to the "Fenni" as poor and miserable with bone spears and shoddy huts for shelter. Nobody knows which tribes they were referring to, but they surely weren't the same people. There even is an area in Northern Norway named Finnmark, which is mostly inhabited by Sami people, not Finns.
ItÀmerensuomalaisten ja saamelaisten esivanhemmista Tacituksen Germaniassa [journal_sananjalka]
- Pasi Ockenström:
"Ancestors of the Baltic Sea Finns and the SĂĄmi in Tacitusâ Germania
The names Finland and Finn are no doubt a historical consequence of the term Fenni in Tacitusâ book Germania (98 CE). The notion of the Fenni as Finns has changed over time, and nowadays, the Fenni in Finland are more likely considered to have been ancestors of the SĂĄmi. Both Finnish and international discourse on the subject is, however, based on Tacitusâ Fenni, but the questions that still need to be answered are; who were the Fenni in real life and which peoples, if any, represented the Finns and the SĂĄmi in Germania. New archeological and linguistic research Homo Fennicus (2020) by Valter Lang has made it possible to give more detailed answers in defining people and places in Tacitusâ narrative.
With the help of Langâs book, we can better understand the situation in the Baltic Sea area in the first century CE. It is crucial to understand that when it comes to the Baltic Sea region, Tacitus was relying on information from local sources. This means that the main source of information was probably given by Baltic merchants who knew the peoples in the region and their dwellings very well. The information compiled from these merchants was authentic, thus the best available for Tacitus in Rome at the time.
We can infer that Tacitus was talking about the ancient Swedes, that is, the Suiones and the Balts or the Aestii in the very same region, the Baltic Sea. According to Lang, the Baltic Sea Finns at that time occupied several places on the shores of Estonia and Finland. Since the Suiones and the Aestii were clearly identified, the other people mentioned in the same vein, TacitusÂŽs Sitones, may have been the Baltic Sea Finns. Their occupation was obvious, according to Tacitus as he talks about many Sitonesâ dwellings near the Suiones. Tacitus also talks about the Hellusi and the Oxionae, who very likely dressed appropriately against a cold climate. These were most probably the people of the North. As we have now covered all the significant groups of people in the area, one question still remains unanswered: why have scholars designated Tacitusâ Fenni as being in the Baltic Sea area as well and presented them the ancestors of the SĂĄmi in particular.
It is most probably a misinterpretation rooted far in history, but made several hundred years after Tacitusâ, when the content of Germania became a source to locally name the peoples dwellings in the Baltic Sea area. The problem is that the dwellings and peoples by then had changed from TacitusÂŽ time. Tacitus talks about the Fenni in close geographical connection with the Peucini and the Veneti who even had relations with the Sarmatians. These peoples are all located in East Central Europe, and they had nothing to do with those in the North. Although both the Fenni and the SĂĄmi ancestors led simple lives, they lived in notably different environments from each other. The former lived in Central European circumstances, although in a more primitive way than other Germanic peoples, and the latter in a cold climate in the peripheral Nordic region.
The Fenni did not have arms, as they were not warlike. This was not the case for the neighboring
Veneti people, who did engage in warfare and also had fixed homes. The Fenni lived apart from them in a swamp area, but they had no houses, only shelters made of branches for protecting infants from wild animals and rain, and for serving as a dwelling place for adults and for those who have reached old age. In the case of the SĂĄmi, the branch shelters would not have been sufficient due to the cold and windy climate they lived in. The SĂĄmi people used Lapp huts covered with hides or birch bark in the summer, and possibly turf huts for survival in the harsh winter environment. The Fenni, like many Germanic peoples, draped themselves in animal skins, whereas the SĂĄmi ancestors traditionally fashioned reindeer skins that resembled a parka. The Fenni used bone as arrowhead material, because of a lack of iron and possibly a lack of suitable stone. This is understandable due to the swamp area where they lived. In the North, however, iron was available in addition to bone and stone.
There were substantial differences between the ancestors of the SĂĄmi and the Fenni, that is, they were not the same. The Fenni were very likely a primitive Germanic group of people dwelling in the Pripyat swamp area. With the help of Langâs study, we can infer, according to the survey utilized in this article, that Tacitus was talking about the Baltic Sea Finns in connection with other peoples in the area and about the peoples who dwelled more north, where the Fenni did not belong."
When you said to try and guess what the Moldova River was named after, I just off the top of my head said "a dog."
You cannot imagine how hard I laughed when you revealed the answer.
It wasn't exact but *very* close
I also guessed dog, because I thought there was a breed associated with it.
It's just a medieval legend. For sure the river Moldova got its name centuries before the legendary Voivode DragoÈ (the last letter is pronounced like "sh"), which lived in the 14th century. So nobody knows the true etymology of this name. And yes, the true Moldova is in Romania. The so-called Republic of Moldova is just an Eastern part of the former Principality of Moldova, which was occupied by the Russians in 1812 and named by them Bessarabia (which was the name of the southern part of it, Budjak, the largest part of which now is in Ukraine). It's interesting that Bessarabia got its name from another Romanian ruler - Basarab, which ruled not Moldova, but another Romanian Principality - Wallachia. Which in 1859 united with the true Moldova to form Romania. So the word "Moldova" disappeared from the international maps, which allowed the former Bessarabia to use this name after it became independent in 1991. And yes, the Republic of Moldova is mostly populated by the Romanians, which speak the same Romanian language as in Romania. This obvious to the whole world fact is disputed by the Russians and Ukrainians, who consider the Moldovans to be a different from Romanians people who speak different Moldovan language :-)
I forgot to mention that the names for Wallachia and Wales are related to each other. They both are exonyms, derived from an old German word for "foreigner".
Romanian here. Moldova wasn't named after some random dog.
It was named after a type of tree that used to grow in that area. "Molizi" in Romanian. "Norway Spruce" in English. A type of tree in northen, central, and eastearn Europe.
@@saszab And as complicated as that is, the Transnistrians made it much, much worse.
our dutch national anthem is so old that it uses the words "ben ik van duytschen bloed" "am i of germanic bloed" but the word duyts now spelled duits means german in dutch now instead of dutch, sometimes spelled diets (or deutch in german).
So basically Germans and Dutch today are all Diets. They could have called Nederland Dietsland.
it also says we honor the spanish king, but i doubt the writer of the song still thinks that as not soona fter the song was written we started 80 years of war to get away from that spanish king
Love that!
â€
I have a lot of respect and affection for our Dutch neighbors. đ
â@@ElysiaWhitemoonOmegaisnt it called the 100 year war?
@@marios1861 No, the 100 year war was between England and France and happened 2 centuries before the 80 year war.
Very interesting. Thank you.
Cool video, Rob! The English name of Hungary comes from the French name for it: Hongrie, which originates from the Turkish "onogur", meaning "ten arrows" - this was the term for a group of tribes, which then stuck on the Hungarians. The Hungarian term "magyar" comes from "manjsi" - a tribe in the Ural mountains to whom the Hungarians are related to - and "eri", meaning "son of somebody". Thus meaning "sons of the manjsi people". "Manjsi" went through "madzs" then "magy" forms, while the "eri" part was appended to create "magyeri", which can be found in texts from the 15th century.
Fun fact, in French, Turkeys are called "Dinde" or "D'inde" which means "Of India". Back when they were discovered by Europeans, they still thought that America was India, hence the name.
turkey - a bird - is called in Polish indyk (of India), so common etymology :)
In portuguese, Turkey (the bird) is called Peru, which is also a name of a country ;)
I never made the connection yet it's so obvious now that you're saying it
Another brilliant one! Thanks Rob!
Really great video!!!đ
Absolutely love this series
Can I just say a huge well done to the editor (or Rob) for painstakingly putting the chapters in đđ
I've read somewhere that "white" in Belarus was from a time when no words for the four cardinal directions existed yet, and that "white" referred to what is now known as "west".
That's what I thought indeed though in some languages white means east but still, it's related to the cardinal directions.
Geographic colors: White Russia = north (north of the original Kievan Rus), Red Ruthenia = the "western" border of Rus (near Poland), Black Sea - the sea to the south of Russia. No color associated with the east, AFAIK.
@@contrarian8870 Black RuĆ is also in modern Belarus.
@@ayararesara6253
You mean Halych Volynia!
@@WangAiHua no, Halych is Red RuĆ. Look at this map, "Schwarzreussen" is the black one: upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/06/Polen_in_den_Grenzen_vor_1660.jpg
..brilliant videos, Rob.. keep on running..
Great topic to generate crapton of engagement. Nice choice.
13:43 - That's why Elvis always wore canary-yellow shoe-laces with his blue suede shoes. To match the flag.
The use of a song from a band named Europe who were actually Swedish to go through the Tribal Countdown is an true rabbit hole of symbology...or should it be Spain hole...hmmm đ€Łđ€Łđ€Ł Well done Rob!
Still a bit miffed that the Land of perpetually angry Drunkards (Ireland) did not make it into the Top 11 ;)
Great video. Subscribed. Consider doing another about the etymology of major European cities. That would be fascinating as well.
I thought Slav came from the slavic root Slovo- meaning âwordâ, basically referring to people who spoke a mutually intelligible language to eachother
Yup. Rob sort of fvcked up where it comes to Slavs. And also Poles.
Yup. Slav comes from slovo(letter/word, depending on the language).
He also said we don't know how Serbia got the name and why Serbs call themselves Serbs and well, as a Serb, I can tell you that is just wrong.
Serb is derived from an old proto word for kin or family. It's that simple, we call ourselves Srbi because we are kin.
Yes, in Slavic.
Your posts are invariably entertaining, informative, and fascinating. I appreciate what I've learned from watching your channel.
YOU forgot AUSTRALIA - WE are Part of Eurovision
đ
Not officially! We still need to be invited each year whereas all the rest are automatically in due to their geographical location in the European Broadcast Area and full membership status.
The name of Australia is no mystery either: Latin word for "southern".
@@mreurovisionau lucky they didnt call us wales - hang on a minute - NSW -
@@gardenersgraziers7261 Colonial preferences are often like that. Victoria is named after a queen, there's Queensland, and the state capital cities, I believe, are all notable British people of the era. The USA is full of such names, and not just from English explorers, from French and even early immigration settlements. When "Australia" finally came into recognition as a country, the latin derivative, as commonly used dating way back to "Terra Australis", stuck. Although, I have an old map that shows us as New Holland! If the Dutch had stayed, we could be two countries of New Holland (west) and New England (east). Yikes!
@@mreurovisionau amended = wales is west - consequently westpac was bank of nsw
2:10 In actuality, the Dutch use the word "hout" for wood. I believe "holt" is a very old germanic word.
Excellent, thanks :)
10:05 It doesn't actually mean "Slav", it just comes from it. For a reason, in Slovak, we call "Slavs" - _"Slovania",_ but ourselves, we call - _"SlovĂĄci."_
So it's a bit different. And yes, there is a big contextual difference between "it comes from the word referring to Slavs" and "it means Slavic" . For a reason, in like the 6th to 9th century (when there were the first Slavic tribes and countries in the region - Nitrianske KnieĆŸatstvo and VeÄŸkĂĄ Morava - Principality of Nitra and the Great Morava, respectfully), the folks there actually called themselves "Äesi, Moravi a Slovieni" (representing the three tribes of "Czechs, Moravs and Slovaks", however "Slovak" wasn't a thing yet, as we called ourselves "Slovieni"; as we still saw ourselves as one peoples/nation with the Czechs and Moravs, just as different tribes of one another).
11:10 And it's not that the "H" and "C/K" are used interchangeably, as the "H" sound represents the "Ch" sound in Croatian - "Ch", as in the Scottish word "Loch".
Funnily enough though, we still call the neck-tie a "kravata", in many Slavic languages.
16:15 The Greeks actually call themselves "[H]Ă©llines".
18:15 Technically, Finland should have been in this category, as the "Suomi", refers to the many lakes and swamps in Finland.
I hope I helped a bit! ;)
16:15 And Greece is the Latin name we call it Hellas (ÎλλΏÏ). One explanation for the ÎÎ»Î»ÎŹÏ name is the combination of the words for sun(Îλ) and stone(λαÏ).
Although "suo" is the Finnish word for a swamp, that is not the probable etymological origin for Suomi. đ
I've heard it, but can't find a reference, but a) Suomi has been only the southwest part and b) we used to have many Sami language speakers right to the south of Finland and "suomi" may be one of the names given to the people speaking in a certain style. It may have meant "people who talk unclear". đ
A bit about Serbia. In addition to the Serbs ("Srbi" - not "Srba" as in the video, but that's an easy and minor mistake to make) there is another group called thr Sorbs in eastern Germany/western Poland. It is thought that the Serbs and Sorbs were once likely to be one tribe that migrated in different directions - some went west and became the Sorbs, others went south and became the Serbs. Their languages are now only very distantly related - Sorbs lived close to Poland and other Western Slavic language speakers and their language is now firmly in that camp, but Serbs moved into the southern Slavic language group, along with closely related people like the Croatians, Montenegrins, and Bosnians... And Macedonian and Bulgarian are also quite closely related too.
Thats right, and what I was reading about was, thet similar to the "ĂŸeudisk" which means, "part of our tribe". All slavs were actually calling themselves something like "serb/syerb/sorb/syorb/srb".
If it's true, it would need to be before split up of proto-slavic as Sorbian is part of west slavic languages and Serbian of south slavic.
â@@radovanakovic3800 its from verb sorbati which meant to suck. As from one mother. So yea, bot Sorbs and Serbs means something along brethren.
@@Dread_2137 not necessarily. Languages have changed and people adopted new ones a lot since then.
@@brkatimachor but we still have documentation, at least the oldest documented cases of Sorbian indicate it was west slavic language along with Lechitic (Polish and Kashubian) and Czech-slovak groups.
And at least according to entomologists sorb and serb are doublet, i.e. same root but came into modern times independent of each other.
I love your energy !
Love these, very entertaining and gently presented, very light and fun. A welcome break from most of the overwhelming rubbish on CZcams!
Fun fact:
The Spanish name of Andorra, CZcamsrland, is of modern origin. This is due to the massive population of Spanish CZcamsrs in that country, who arrived there fleeing Spain's taxes.
@@OtaBengaBokongo L take
đ
Funny, in France we call it Tobaccoland for the same reason.
@@OtaBengaBokongo - Weak trolling attempt :D
oh yeah the youtubers who cried cause they had to take a catalan course to get citizenship or whatever
Switzerland was historically known as Helvetica. That was the name of the gauls residing there
Some countries still use that name for Switzerland by the way. In Greece for example, we call it ÎλÎČΔÏία (Elvetia).
as an Italian there is a possible explanation of where the name came from: what is now modern day Calabria was inhabited by many local tribes, like the Itali (or Vituli, "cattle breeders") and the Brutii (under Augustus it was part of the region of "Lucania et Brutium"). But when the first Greek settlers arrived there they named all the tribes collectively "italoi" which meant "inhabitants of this land"
Interestingly enough, the âmarkâ in Denmark no longer means border or forrest in danish.
It now means field, and most Danes donât even know that it used to mean anything else.
In German the nobles ruling the border regions (marks) had more responsibility and therefore a higher standing and a slightly different title. They were called Markgrafen (counts ruling a mark) instead of Grafen (counts)
Rob, the French "cravatte" also gave the Italian "cravatta" and Portuguese "gravata" which are translations for tie!
And German Krawatte
Sounds like 'krawatka' in Ukrainian. I bet it's something similar in Polish:)
And Spanish âcorbataâ
in Finnish "kravatti" is a tie
By the way, the French cravate is spelled with only one T.
Fantastic! _Love_ your work Rob. đ«Ą
One of the best and most entertaining Rob's Words!
Great video đ
Thanks for another entertaining romp through language. I didn't know the word for turkey came from the traders who brought them. Also I laughed out loud in some spots. Love your humor!
Thank you! And thanks for watching.
I really thought you would elaborate on the 'Hellas' part of Greece as a name. This topic is just too interesting for one sitting. Feel free to carry on with more in-depth explanations, regions, cities, etc. Great work!
the term greece according to Aristotle it has Illyrian.( Albanian) origins....Graikhos Graii ("Meteorologica" I.xiv),
@@lagjescuni5482 sorry to disappoint you but Illyrians where tribes that almost eliminated by slavs and others came there a few centuries ago. today's Albania is a mixture of Epirus greek tribe and other population moved there as citizens of byzantine empire and the ottoman empire era. more than half albanian land is epirus. calling albanians as illyrians is like calling the irish immigrants in usa native americans
@@72geoK according to whom?? ...The Albanians are descended from the Illyrians, however the Greeks are a mix of Albanians, Aromanians, Turks and Slavs. Your nation and ethnicity were formed in the 19th century and your leaders and national heroes were mostly Albanians.
@@72geoK en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Albanians_in_Greece
@@72geoK oh and there never existed an empire called Byzantine...kokorito....
I love geography and etymology
Right?
Of course!!!
As always a brilliantly researched and presented video. With such a long list of countries to cover, just ordering these into an entertaining list would have been a challenge. Yet you grouped them smartly and wrote cleaver segues. After this effort we viewers will not begrudge you sticking to the shorter form vids for a while.
Please keep up the great work, you really are one of the very best content creators I have come across on YT.
PS- While doing some DIY last weekend I found myself wondering why a hammer is called that, and thus also my: spanners, chisels, planes etc... maybe there's a video topic for you.
Super interesting, bit of Eurovision vibes đ đ , a long time since I was hooked to a video. Congratulations
"Rus" is supposed to come from the Finnic word for Swedes, from which we get the Finnish and Estonian word for Sweden "Ruotsi"/"Rootsi" (but yes it originally comes from the Old Norse word for rowing)
And yes, Finland and Estonia do also have a unique word for Sweden, not just for Germany. We also have a different word for Russia: "VenÀjÀ"/"Venemaa" which apparently comes from an old Germanic word for Slavs (sometimes seen in English in the form "Wend")
The explanation I've heard for Belarus is that the ancient Slavs associated certain directions with certain colours and white was the colour of north (supposedly also why the White Sea is called that and similarly why the Black Sea is black, black signifying south) and Belarus used to be north of the other Eastern Slavic areas I believe. Of course my sources could just be wrong, I don't even really remember where I got all that
In Finnish Estonia is called "Viro" which comes from the region of Estonia called Virumaa which is in Northern Estonia and therefore close to Finland
The word suomalaiset originally referred to only one of the tribes living in Finland and therefore Suomi was originally only the southwestern part of Finland but later got generalised to mean all of Finland. (The other tribes were hÀmÀlÀiset (Tavastians) and karjalaiset (Karelians), although it's a bit complicated with Karelians since they also have their own nationality separate from Finns but at the same time the western Karelians are generally considered Finns)
Estonian name LĂ€ti for Latvia is also coming from the name of small Baltic tribe Letts/Leths, who lived in Eastern Latvia.
Also 'Estonia / Estland' is not a word that Estonians historically used to call themselves. The root is thought to be of Germanic origin and meant 'east'. The Aestii people are first mentioned by Tacitus in his work "Germania" around 100 AD, speaking of a people living to the east of the Germans.
The first reports of its use in an Estonian text are only from the 17th century, the name became commonly used by Estonian people in the 19th century. Previously Estonians used the name 'maarahvas' (people of the land) to refer to themselves.
Karelians aren't complicated since the status of being separate from "Finns" technically applied to Tavastians as well before the idea of a unified "Finnish" identity. However all of them are classified as "ancient Finns", since all 3 tribes are extremely important in the development of the Finnish language and culture and genetics of modern Finns. And archeological evidence from the Karelian isthmus shows that they developed from an eastern Finnic population (likely close to modern Vepsians) who mixed with an incoming Finnic migration from southwestern Finland around the 700s. This 8th century migration is also likely where Karelians acquired the stories that would be collected into Kalevala nearly 1000 years later, as most of those stories have been pinpointed to have taken place and originated in southwestern Finland and Estonia. Some evidence relating to linguistic development also suggests that the Karelians were already separating or had separated into a western population living on the Baltic coast and an eastern population living on the shores of Ladoga somewhere around the 900s, which was way before Sweden and Novgorod drew a line on the map definitively separating the two populations of Karelians politically and religiously.
Yes, exactly, and the term lives on in the region where the "rus" may have come from, now called Roslagen.
Rus and russia - it's like Rome and Romania
Interesting. Rob's mention of Russians being rowers rang a bell that I'd heard somewhere that "ruotsi" meant (or kinda meant) rowers.
Miniature monarchy Monaco...best tonguetwister I've heard in ages.
Great video greatly enjoyed!
I I was interested in the sentence,
'...but buggered up his farming' and wonder if you would treat us to the etymology of this phrase
That was a very enjoyable video, Rob! I loved it. The thought of a Dalmatian stonemason gave me a good giggle! đ
15:47
I think what's really funny is the name for the bird turkey in portuguese is peru, which is also a country
In Ukrainian it is called "indyk", which refers to West-Indies
â@@jbeeyeIn Romanian it's "curcan", derived from "curcÄ", which is borrowed from Slavic. So I'm sure you know what "kurka" means :-)
And in some languages the bird's name refers to Egypt (Mesir)
Saturday Lunchtime fun sorted!
Thanks Rob.
Rabbits are not actually rodents, but a closely related group called 'Lagomorphs' which by convergent evolution bacame very similar to Rodents.
The two groups have similar traits because their common ancestor had them. Not due to convergent evolution.
Who caresđ this is a language channel
Very well done video, as an editor, I can see, how much time you have put in there! But apart from that, it is partly hilarious and also a bit nostalgic for me to imagine that you are somewhere in a middle of nowhere, in the woods, shooting a video. For a regular passerby, that would have been an interesting sight, but I would personally feel you, since I have literally done an intro in the woods, when I have made a video about Bavaria, hence why I said "a bit nostalgic"...
I am Czech and hats off for "ÄeĆĄi" pronunciation, really nice pronunciation!
i love these videos
Was never taught any of this in High School.
Always interesting to learn the etymology of names and words.
I like that I learn just as much from the comments as I do watching the video. Good work everyone đ
Here is what I sent to my grandkids about this video: "A year's worth of education in a fun and interesting 20 minute video! I wish that all history and language classes were like this!"
Thank you Rob for this great video!
I'm thrilled that you liked it. Thanks for watching!
I second that!
I am totally working "a horror show of excessive sibilance" into my lexicon. Awesome stuff!
I love the way you just gleefully nerd out sometimes ("hey, that band's called Europe!")
Monaco was named after an Ancient Greek Temple that was built in the area. Heracles (Hercules) was said to have prayed there during his travels around the Mediterranean.
nicely done!
In Norway the Historical counties are Named After Tribes Rogaland (Land of the Rugii) Hordaland (Land of the Charudes/Harudes) Agder (Land of the Islanders) Romsdal (Land of the Raumer) Grenland (Land of the Grens) Viken (Funnily enough Land of the Vikings) Hedmark (Land of the Hetheners/Heder) Romeriket (Land of Raum The old)
In viking times Viken was actually danish. But if it arrives frim viking is debatable
It was ruled/occupied by Danes for some periodes during the Viking age. Most of those 273 years (793-1066) it was not ruled by a Danish king.
In the US the Amish people, who originally came from Pennsylvania, were called the âPennsylvania Dutchâ even though they were German descendants and the term originally originated was used for wider people of German descent. Dwight Eisenhower (the best German general of WW II, good thing he was on our side).
During the Civil War there were many German speaking regiments in the Union Army (many of them either descendants of the Pennsylvania Dutch people or refugees from the 1848 Revolutions). They were often referred to as âDutchâ regiments.
They are still referred to as the Pennsylvania Dutch/ Amish.
The Amish, and Mennonite, are Pennsylvania Dutch, from Switzerland. But, most Pennsylvania Dutch are not Amish or Mennonite. Most of us came from the Rhineland-Pfalz region covering western Germany and eastern France. Though, when the PA Dutch came over, it was the Holy Roman Empire, which had a problem with all those protestant religions that popped up because of Martin Luther.
Absolutely legendary