Applied Science
Applied Science
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Photosynthesis photography: Making images with living plant leaves
How to make photographs using plant leaves: the technique, examples, f/0.5 camera lens construction, and tips & tricks that I learned along the way.
Inspiration for this project came from a 1970's video made by The Royal Institution: czcams.com/video/l2JTiAASdyw/video.html
Starch formation refs: www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/pdf/10.1086/329993
www.ars.usda.gov/ARSUserFiles/50820500/GPRG/2022PulicationsandSummaries/2022_Photosynthetic%20responses%20of%20greenhouse%20ornamentals%20to%20interaction%20of%20irradiance%20CO2%20and%20temperature.pdf
Video describing inkjet printed photomasks: czcams.com/video/bR9EN3kUlfg/video.htmlsi=k9RU6EwM5-pKx2tr&t=643
A different technique to make leaf prints: www.alternativephotography.com/chlorophyll-prints/
Video from Alpha Phoenix on making photos with cyanotype: czcams.com/video/ewQQX3fxQKk/video.html
Ray optics simulator: phydemo.app/ray-optics/
Giant tweezers: www.amazon.com/Stainless-Tweezers-Anti-slip-Aquascape-Maintenance/dp/B07LDLWJMM/
Anhydrous ethanol: www.extractohol.net/1gal-200-proof-pure-food-grade-ethyl-alcohol
Hanging basket geranium plant: www.lowes.com/pd/2-Gallon-Multicolor-Geranium-in-Hanging-Basket-L5450/1000151713
Methanol toxicity: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methanol_toxicity sci-hub.se/doi.org/10.1016/j.ccc.2012.07.002 Skin absorption in a quantity high enough to be a problem is rare, according to this.
Support Applied Science on Patreon: www.patreon.com/AppliedScience
zhlédnutí: 125 742

Video

Measuring the amount of lead (Pb) consumed when drinking from lead crystal glassware. Is it safe?
zhlédnutí 284KPřed 11 měsíci
I show a "DIY" chemical color-based method to determine the amount of lead in water, and then use the method to measure the amount of lead extracted from various types of lead crystal glassware. Skip to 27:05 to see the detailed results Code, analysis, raw data, more references: github.com/benkrasnow/LeadCrystal Supercon 2022 talk: czcams.com/video/26olExLUX-0/video.html Average daily lead cons...
Multi-layer reactive foil: no fuel, no oxygen, tons of heat
zhlédnutí 220KPřed rokem
This unusual sheet metal is made of hundreds of nano scale layers of aluminum and nickel. A spark initiates a self-propagating reaction that creates NiAl compound, and lots of heat! This material is used to solder items so fast that the base material doesn't have time to draw heat away from the joint. The technical data sheet indicates that this process is fluxless, and I suspect trying to incl...
Temperature-sensing RFID tag in magnetic stir bar
zhlédnutí 142KPřed rokem
I describe an old project in which a few friends and I designed an RFID tag that fits into a magnetic stir bar and measures temperature wirelessly. We decided to open-source the project, and you can see the PCB design and tag firmware at the github repo below. I don't think I have the firmware for the base station, unfortunately. www.ti.com/product/TMS37157 www.digikey.com/en/products/detail/te...
Identify chemicals with radio frequencies - Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance (MRI without magnets)
zhlédnutí 603KPřed rokem
How to build and test an NQR spectrometer, which is similar to MRI, but uses no magnets. NQR frequencies are unique among all tested compounds, so detecting a resonance indicates a near certainty that a specific chemical is present. Tektronix 2-series oscilloscope: www.tek.com/en/products/oscilloscopes/2-series-mso Video capture was done via VNC client Zeeman effect shifting optical spectral li...
How to make precise sheet metal parts (photochemical machining)
zhlédnutí 383KPřed rokem
How to make etched metal parts. -All of the highest quality parts that I made went to the customer, but edge quality and photoresist adhesion is still a problem. -The photomask dark areas can be expanded, and then the part etched for a longer amount of time to make the edges more perpendicular to the surface. I forgot to mention this clever way to improve the etch aspect ratio called "etch fact...
High speed X-ray video: jumping beans, wind-up toys and more!
zhlédnutí 247KPřed rokem
High-speed X-ray video captured with a Dectris photon-counting detector. I show how the process works and how this detector is different than normal camera detectors. www.dectris.com/ media.dectris.com/Technical_Specification_PILATUS_100K-S_V1_8.pdf Mexican jumping beans: www.amazingbeans.com/ Geiger counter: mightyohm.com/blog/products/geiger-counter/ X-ray timelapse video: czcams.com/video/j-...
Drawing on a plasma display with a laser pointer
zhlédnutí 223KPřed 2 lety
An orange plasma display will retain an image caused by incident near-UV light. This is an interesting visual combination of photoelectric, hot carrier injection, plasma, and charge trapping effects. Correction: The orange display is running at 700Hz, 130V in the video. Also, the laser emits no 365nm light. I measured some as low as 380, but the tail isn't as long as I implied! Thanks Matthew K...
Silver nanoprisms grown into structural colors by high power LEDs
zhlédnutí 177KPřed 2 lety
How to chemically synthesize silver nanoparticles, then grow them into triangular nanoprisms with light from a variety of LEDs. Each color LED creates a different size nanoprism, which has its own characteristic color. CMDITR video: czcams.com/video/agD5jfXua-o/video.html Multispectral LED driver on Github: github.com/benkrasnow/MultiSpectLED Chemicals sourced from Amazon/eBay LR-1 spectrometer...
Olestra (zero calorie cooking oil) - chemical synthesis and taste test
zhlédnutí 224KPřed 2 lety
I synthesized olestra from biodiesel, sugar, and soap with a sodium metal catalyst. I also describe some of the history of olestra's development. Procedure that I used (Example 1) patents.google.com/patent/US3963699A/en Other resources: patents.google.com/patent/US20060047109A1/en patents.google.com/patent/US4611055A/en sci-hub.se/doi.org/10.1021/ed068p476 Biodiesel: www.e-education.psu.edu/ege...
X-ray timelapse of fluid movement in plants, stop-motion animation, sensor teardown/repair
zhlédnutí 443KPřed 2 lety
I repaired a large digital x-ray detector and used it to record timelapse and stop-motion animations of plants, a clock, and a camera lens. Applied Science X-ray backscatter imaging system: czcams.com/video/H7ldYhzKAp4/video.html Applied Science CT scanner: czcams.com/video/hF3V-GHiJ78/video.html Geiger counter: mightyohm.com/blog/products/geiger-counter/ Linistepper motor driver: www.massmind....
Underwater laser cutting and silver sintering to make ceramic circuit boards
zhlédnutí 206KPřed 2 lety
Thermal stress cracking can be completely avoided by CO2 laser cutting thin alumina sheets underwater. I also show how to formulate and apply silver paste, then sinter in a kiln to produce double-sided ceramic printed circuit boards with conductive vias. 60W CW CO2 laser at 80% power. 10mm/sec. Standard lens focal length (50mm). 2mm water above ceramic. 180 passes to cut through 0.75mm thick al...
Atomic Layer Deposition of copper - If you like sputtering, you'll love this!
zhlédnutí 501KPřed 2 lety
An explanation and demo of atomic layer deposition (ALD) of copper metal on glass. Precursors are copper(I) chloride and hydrogen, processed in a hot-wall tube quartz tube furnace. 10 torr operating pressure 500 sccm argon sweep/purge gas constantly flowing 75 sccm CuCl argon pulse gas (17 seconds including flow controller lag) 100 sccm H pulse gas (14 seconds including flow controller lag) 7 s...
The best projects from 10 years of Applied Science
zhlédnutí 154KPřed 3 lety
It's been a very fun 10 years, and there's more to come! Ask your questions in the comments (as always). Liquid oxygen BBQ - czcams.com/video/1bjvj5FjUPE/video.html Fondant cake making - czcams.com/video/_IhibizyrtU/video.html Scanning Electron Microscope - czcams.com/video/VdjYVF4a6iU/video.html Transcranial magnetic Stimulation - czcams.com/video/B_olmdAQx5s/video.html Supercritical CO2 chamb...
Measuring human digestive efficiency vs. a flame
zhlédnutí 425KPřed 3 lety
"200 Calories" on a nutrition label doesn't describe the total flammable caloric content. I explore the differences between digestible and flammable calories using a homemade calorimeter with glass windows. Pressure sensor: www.digikey.com/en/products/detail/te-connectivity-measurement-specialties/M5842-000005-10KPG/7592854 Schedule 160 pipe on McMaster: www.mcmaster.com/7733K259/ 32 ga nichrom...
Prototyping with Applied Science: Design and build a bite sensor
zhlédnutí 139KPřed 3 lety
Prototyping with Applied Science: Design and build a bite sensor
Etching silicon wafers to make colorful Rugate optical filters (porous silicon)
zhlédnutí 209KPřed 3 lety
Etching silicon wafers to make colorful Rugate optical filters (porous silicon)
Shooting an electron beam through air
zhlédnutí 354KPřed 3 lety
Shooting an electron beam through air
Ultrasonic soldering bonds glass, titanium, stainless steel, ceramics, tungsten, nichrome...
zhlédnutí 756KPřed 3 lety
Ultrasonic soldering bonds glass, titanium, stainless steel, ceramics, tungsten, nichrome...
Demo and teardown of an X-ray fluorescence gun (measures chemical composition)
zhlédnutí 335KPřed 3 lety
Demo and teardown of an X-ray fluorescence gun (measures chemical composition)
Giant glass diffusion pump and cathode ray tube demo
zhlédnutí 210KPřed 3 lety
Giant glass diffusion pump and cathode ray tube demo
Holograms on chocolate
zhlédnutí 388KPřed 4 lety
Holograms on chocolate
Hypercentric optics: A camera lens that can see behind objects
zhlédnutí 540KPřed 4 lety
Hypercentric optics: A camera lens that can see behind objects
Alpha radiation makes sparks, detects smoke, and eliminates static cling
zhlédnutí 1,1MPřed 4 lety
Alpha radiation makes sparks, detects smoke, and eliminates static cling
Antique 4x5 camera creates 20 micron photolithography masks: Super tiny tax form
zhlédnutí 412KPřed 4 lety
Antique 4x5 camera creates 20 micron photolithography masks: Super tiny tax form
Electron microscope animation: Carbon nanotubes pulled into thread
zhlédnutí 247KPřed 4 lety
Electron microscope animation: Carbon nanotubes pulled into thread
Details in the process of making "blacker than vantablack" coatings (part 1?)
zhlédnutí 413KPřed 4 lety
Details in the process of making "blacker than vantablack" coatings (part 1?)
Make vacuum pre-loaded spherical air bearings without special tools
zhlédnutí 797KPřed 4 lety
Make vacuum pre-loaded spherical air bearings without special tools
DIY mass spectrometer measures potassium in dietary salt substitute
zhlédnutí 368KPřed 4 lety
DIY mass spectrometer measures potassium in dietary salt substitute
How a film camera superimposes the date onto photos
zhlédnutí 370KPřed 4 lety
How a film camera superimposes the date onto photos

Komentáře

  • @Scyth3934
    @Scyth3934 Před 3 hodinami

    I was wondering this and of course when I looked up there was one person who had the same question... could've guessed it would be you!!

  • @IdiotWithEducation
    @IdiotWithEducation Před 13 hodinami

    Wow this is really cool!

  • @kisho2679
    @kisho2679 Před 14 hodinami

    Eventhoygh the lanthenides and the actenides have separate columns in the table, belong they all to same group/family 3?

  • @bencordell1965
    @bencordell1965 Před 16 hodinami

    What's the frequency of b.s.

  • @bencordell1965
    @bencordell1965 Před 16 hodinami

    You read the signal you transmitted😂

  • @bencordell1965
    @bencordell1965 Před 16 hodinami

    Atoms don't have a gyromagnetic property

  • @paranoidgenius9164

    Ok, you can do this at home if you have all the necessary bits & pieces. It took my consciousness about 50 years to build an OLED from scratch, but this company (they call themselves Apple or something)stole my designs!🤪

  • @Veptis
    @Veptis Před dnem

    Now I wonder if any od thd glassware that I use has a dangerous lead content

  • @a.1441
    @a.1441 Před dnem

    Linear potentiometer with no linkage?

  • @Arnthorg
    @Arnthorg Před dnem

    I don't agree that making a custom filter is easier than coiling up 20m of coax hehe

  • @XXCoder
    @XXCoder Před 2 dny

    Probably can paint exposed sides or something to seal air and expose only the parts in contact with sphere or rod

  • @Hyraethian
    @Hyraethian Před 2 dny

    The theory is fantastic, the diagrams presented excellently. The subject matter was tied together densely and in a cohesive manner. I had thoughts about a phenomenon like this. I had never expected to get such a thorough rundown on the actual mechanics of a system in action.

  • @a.1441
    @a.1441 Před 3 dny

    Can you measure the resistance you get if you solder a ground wire to anodized surfaces? We currently abrade away the ano, but if this solder can bond we'll to it, we might be able to leave the ano

  • @a.1441
    @a.1441 Před 3 dny

    Low melting point metals (gallium) can diffuse between the grains of steel and dissolve it

  • @yahyashafqat7352
    @yahyashafqat7352 Před 3 dny

    The fact he did not keep his knowledge a secret to push his business has just gained me huge respect from me. Keep up the good work

  • @SevenDeMagnus
    @SevenDeMagnus Před 3 dny

    Cool, is it limited to just Silica? Or anything on the periodic table can be turned into aerogel. I can source silica using the silica packets that come with food or the one bought in the a huge hardware chain. Would a non-technical grade, a high-grade methanol have the best results? And then what if it's evaporated in a vacuum chamber at Mar's ATM 10%? God bless.

  • @mdrafiqul3358
    @mdrafiqul3358 Před 4 dny

    😀

  • @mrsseasea
    @mrsseasea Před 5 dny

    Talk about patience…..

  • @geeljireoomaar6140
    @geeljireoomaar6140 Před 5 dny

    Hi bro I hope you are still in CZcams. what is the percentage of palladium in the Pd/C? thanks

  • @user-ci9bg7rm3d
    @user-ci9bg7rm3d Před 5 dny

    Hi there, amazing! I wonder if there is counter pressure , will it then still pump ? Also, if the diameter is larger do one need more voltage/ current ? Fine experiment , thanks for the post 👍🍀🌞 FM

  • @TheTruthPlease100
    @TheTruthPlease100 Před 5 dny

    Doesn't the flane produce a plasma also? Are the ions magnetic in the flame? Did you take into account of the toroidal directional flow of the magnetic field also?

  • @user-gi8ke8ef8d
    @user-gi8ke8ef8d Před 5 dny

    That's amazing. I didn't know that! I wondered what that thin little wire that's wrapped around the glass tube is for.

  • @vasjapira8573
    @vasjapira8573 Před 6 dny

    Could a circulator be used in the transmission/detection circuit? Excellent experiment and explanation!

  • @fabiotortorella4546

    The air as it gets hotter gain conductivity because there are aways molecules spontaneously ionizing and this increase with heat specialy a flame. Is not because is diamagnetic is because of the induced currents from the movement of the air stream on your magnet field

  • @dimastorres8530
    @dimastorres8530 Před 7 dny

    Amazing. I have to use a raman microscope next week. I would be glad to help you make one if you like

  • @johnR-ct8hu
    @johnR-ct8hu Před 8 dny

    Can this be done over long distances .

  • @TechZF
    @TechZF Před 8 dny

    Amazing, the Rick roll was a doozie!

  • @trendyprojectors4743

    Thank you! You explained well with examples...

  • @markharder3676
    @markharder3676 Před 8 dny

    Is dry ice/ethanol cold enough to condense the NH3? The machinery is a bit inconvenient for a home lab; but dry ice and denatured alcohol can be bought from hardware stores and supermarkets.

  • @christopherleubner6633

    Mikor sounds like PTFE. To get traces to stick treat it with a sorona discharge rich in oxygen. Next vapor deposit a layer of chromium then copper then silver. Next treat with photoresist and etch with nitric acid. Alternately you can coat with a powder and laser etch the patterns you need.

  • @christopherleubner6633

    One thing i made while in college was a combination laser waterjet cutter. It used a medium pressure waterjet of 40kPSI with a sapphire window and the laser focused through the diamond nozzle. The thing could cut stuff with extreme precision and could be used at 1064nm or 532nm. Could for example cut a solar cell or make a patterned wafer with isolated zones. It would cut pretty much anything, even transparant stuff by creating a tiny plasma field. Laser was 500W average but the pulses ranged from 220kw to over a Mw peak power.

  • @bahattinbademci8901

    Hi. Many thanks for interesting video. However is not Dichloromethane suspected of causing cancer? You’re allowing vapours to escape as well as no protection. Could you please give a bit more details on this?

  • @wubforceone
    @wubforceone Před 9 dny

    come back soon!

  • @gokulrajs5947
    @gokulrajs5947 Před 9 dny

    What is the cost of the instrument for fabrication. Total cost

  • @magic.marmot
    @magic.marmot Před 9 dny

    I've just been watching a bunch of videos that were agitating, and feeding my ADHD Dopamine centers. And then I hear your calming voice saying "hey, wanna see something cool?", and I am so in. Thank you.

  • @christopherleubner6633

    They use these filters for creating special mirrors for OPSL lasers. The mirror is just below the optically pumped vertical cavity quantum well stack. Its usually then doubled to get the desired wavelength in the visible range. ❤

  • @AndreasDeloitte
    @AndreasDeloitte Před 10 dny

    Fantastic video

  • @abhishekkashaboina8102

    Bro is gonna use super critical CO2 to make coffee

  • @fmdj
    @fmdj Před 11 dny

    3:00 also you can't distinguish between isomers no?

  • @artofplanets
    @artofplanets Před 11 dny

    Wow so if we ever communicate with aliens perhaps we could learn each other’s time units by sending a plot of several common chemicals. The unique spacings might identify what they are. Then the timing could be deduced.

  • @squidgert566
    @squidgert566 Před 11 dny

    damn... That's a lot of photoresist waste... As for the printing, I use my resin 3d printer UV screen. I generate my own CWS file. It's just 1 picture displayed for 5min. I saved one step! Also, as the metal sheet is really thin, I only do 1 side and is good (just make it slightly bigger (102%) to count on the chemical bath eating metal). Anyways, first time seeing this. Use a better solution (for me) for a about 4 years. Still upvoting it.

  • @hornetIIkite3
    @hornetIIkite3 Před 11 dny

    Ok thinking of picking up this project myself. It seems that the pressure relief valve switch thingy could just be closed with a 1/2" plug. Or would this be a hazard?

  • @removechan10298
    @removechan10298 Před 11 dny

    > 9 months ago he's either had a kid, or he's waiting to develop a super long-exposure shot of a nebula on a leaf. hrm. do some more electric or sound based cutting stuff, that is always awesome! or create a modular chemistry kid - blocks that take inputs and outputs, that can be reassembled by a robot, and can run many chemical processes automatically, at scale. idk. more videos! <3

  • @kalyani.s.j3104
    @kalyani.s.j3104 Před 11 dny

    Whats that brown coloured powder round the lighter...Refer 0.43.

  • @jonpritzker9709
    @jonpritzker9709 Před 12 dny

    This kind of content inspires me to believe in humanity. Thank you to all those who work on things they love.

  • @christopherleubner6633

    Ive used MHD pumps for a few things, the first time was when coming across some cpu coolers made by Nanocoolers. They had a gallium tin alloy and a 0.1V at 20A converter that supplied the magnet pump. The second one was in an E beam machine that cooled the target, it used NaK as the fluid that kept the tantalum taget holder from melting. The pump you made there is essentially an electrostatic pump, one use of those is to pump low pressure gasses from one region to another in vacuum reactors for CVD. It allows a way to very precicely and evenly mix the reactants ❤

  • @GeraldBlack1
    @GeraldBlack1 Před 12 dny

    Removing the Oxygen and contracting the crystals, probably acts like cold welding. Just wondering about the magnetic fields during the process.

  • @N3wW0rld
    @N3wW0rld Před 12 dny

    This is so amazing! To have a lab and be able to do all these mad scientist experiments, I wish I could do the same. May I ask how could you afford (or justify buying) a whole lab of specialized equipment?

  • @stopthephilosophicalzombie9017

    It's not cynical to recognize that SF6 isn't economically viable, it's just being a realist. Economics is the dismal science.

  • @mohamedahmed-zu6se
    @mohamedahmed-zu6se Před 12 dny

    Hey Ben , Hope you're doing well. I've been reading about desalination lately and came across this interesting idea about using (sound frequency resonance) to break down sodium chloride molecules in water. Do you know if this method can be scaled up for large-scale desalination? Also, any thoughts on cost-effective equipment options considering the high expense of traditional desalination setups like (reverse osmosis) systems? Would love to hear your insights if you have a moment