Antique 4x5 camera creates 20 micron photolithography masks: Super tiny tax form

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  • čas přidán 15. 06. 2024
  • I use an antique 4x5 view camera to create high resolution photomasks in my home shop.
    Source of film and developing chemicals: www.freestylephoto.biz/531345...
    Possible source of poster-sized printouts: blueprintsprinting.com/pricing/
    Gold on microscope slide: sci-hub.tw/10.1109/MEMSYS.201...
    Commerical microelectrode arrays: www.multichannelsystems.com/p...
    Vacuum film holder: web.archive.org/web/201110161...
    Test patterns: www.bealecorner.org/red/test-p...
    Thought emporium: / thechemlife
    Huygens Optics: / huygensoptics
    Sam Zeloof: / szeloof
    Support Applied Science on Patreon: / appliedscience
  • Věda a technologie

Komentáře • 1,2K

  • @PracticalEngineeringChannel
    @PracticalEngineeringChannel Před 4 lety +1555

    This is crazy. It's practically a culmination of everything you've been working on for the past however many years. Every time you introduced the next step, I just had to laugh at how much prior knowledge (and prior failures!) went into each one. As always, awesome work.

    • @zyxwvutsrqponmlkh
      @zyxwvutsrqponmlkh Před 4 lety +29

      Oh come now, he didn't even do electron beam scribing.

    • @HelloKittyFanMan.
      @HelloKittyFanMan. Před 4 lety +10

      Oh, cool, look who's here! I love your videos too! Hey, you're Grady, and that is Practical Engineering.

    • @darkquaesar2460
      @darkquaesar2460 Před 4 lety

      Hey practical engineering, are there any physics and chemistry books you recommend?

    • @mas5.545
      @mas5.545 Před 4 lety +4

      Practical Engineeringy yes absolutely amazing! He just summarized up 5 years of my university studies some years ago in 30 minutes, well explained, well structured and as always with passion! A great Thank you!!! Well done & keep continuing ;)

    • @ralanham76
      @ralanham76 Před 4 lety

      @@zyxwvutsrqponmlkh so now you know the next step

  • @yoppindia
    @yoppindia Před 4 lety +761

    Always read the fine print.

    • @Dust599
      @Dust599 Před 4 lety +38

      Yea the lawyers will love this, fine print you can't even see, let alone understand.

    • @MichalCanecky
      @MichalCanecky Před 4 lety +6

      Or you may agree to become a human cent iPad

    • @Raven-fu1zz
      @Raven-fu1zz Před 4 lety +2

      @@MichalCanecky yeah but the cent iPad won't read

    • @IudiciumInfernalum
      @IudiciumInfernalum Před 3 lety

      It would be rude not to after all the work that went into it.

    • @switchthechannel6317
      @switchthechannel6317 Před 3 lety +1

      What is this? Fine print for ants?

  • @sheemondallasgeorgia
    @sheemondallasgeorgia Před 4 lety +965

    Film Holder:
    1. It is designed for thick Estar (polyester) film.
    2. You need to offset the thickness by putting 2-3 layers of film in the holder.
    3. Vacuum back were used in WWII for areal photography.
    4. You do not use a vacuum cleaner, you use a vacuum pump based on a refrigerator compressor; they are very quiet and pull higher vacuum. I can supply you with a simple layout.
    Processing Film;
    1. You must slide the film into the developer, not immerse it.
    2. You must agitate the film by lifting corners of the tray in some pattern.
    Other:
    If you see Neuton rings, your film is not making even contact. Expect refraction.
    The color of the ring is ¼ wave length of the light color.
    Avoid by using Anti-Neuton glass, or sprinkle dry talcum powder on the glass then gently blow it off.
    All developing must assure flow of fresh developer across sensitized layer. Film, resist or anything else. Explanation available.
    Correct these errors and you will greatly improve your results.

    • @bonjourmssr
      @bonjourmssr Před 4 lety +82

      Thanks! I guess that's why photographers used to be called "operators"

    • @MostlyPennyCat
      @MostlyPennyCat Před 4 lety +83

      I miss the smell of a darkroom.
      Hanging out in a red, dank and vinegary cave.

    • @maxk4324
      @maxk4324 Před 4 lety +84

      While your advice appears to be incredibly professional and accurate (I assume, I am not a photographer), and none of it is bad advice, regarding point 4 of the first set, you do know that he actually has extensive experience in vacuum technology right? Like this is a guy who built his own scanning electron microscope.

    • @MrMegaPussyPlayer
      @MrMegaPussyPlayer Před 4 lety +45

      _"4. You do not use a vacuum cleaner, you use a vacuum pump based on a refrigerator compressor; they are very quiet and pull higher vacuum. I can supply you with a simple layout."_
      I don't think the higher vacuum is needed. Might even counterproductive. But it is for sure less loud.

    • @rationalmartian
      @rationalmartian Před 4 lety +81

      This is one of the strengths of CZcams, in that a collaborative acumulation of knowledge becomes virtually inevitable. There are so many interesting and interested geeky, nerdy, techie folk around more than happy to help and throw in suggestions and tips that may themselves been built up by successive generations.
      It is wonderful thing to witness.
      Everyone pretty much is dancing on the shoulders of the previous generations, and trying to improve on them. In turn passing them on to the next.
      Here it is possible to witness it happening.

  • @thethoughtemporium
    @thethoughtemporium Před 4 lety +776

    OUT-STANDING. Absolutely incredible work. When you first sent that test slide image over I was already thrilled but this is so much more incredible than I ever could have imagined. The use of the camera was brilliant and the results speak for themselves. I can't wait to get some neurons growing on these once the final arrays are made. Thank you so much for going to all this trouble, it's greatly appreciated!!!

    • @rojirrim7298
      @rojirrim7298 Před 4 lety +12

      Daaamn this collab is going to be awesome. Can't wait for the results!! Thanks for the effort guys

    • @Falcodrin
      @Falcodrin Před 4 lety +3

      Accidentally came across this vid a while after seeing your sputtering vids. Cant wait to see if you succeed!

    • @CamRStanford
      @CamRStanford Před 4 lety +3

      When did this happen, all my favorite science channels in one place, Lubb youse guys!

    • @ruokblah3010
      @ruokblah3010 Před 4 lety

      The colab we never knew we wanted!!!

    • @CamRStanford
      @CamRStanford Před 4 lety

      ‘The collab we never knew we wanted-The collab that we needed’

  • @panykfelidae9018
    @panykfelidae9018 Před 4 lety +596

    As a terrible chemist, a half baked engineer and a professional photographer I really, really loved this!

    • @askquestionstrythings
      @askquestionstrythings Před 4 lety +27

      As a terrible chemist, a former professional commercial photographer, and a newly degreed mechanical engineer I also really enjoyed this.

    • @GucciCaligula
      @GucciCaligula Před 4 lety +25

      As a terrible engineer, a half baked photographer, and a professional chemist I also really really loved this!

    • @rockrl98
      @rockrl98 Před 4 lety +35

      @@GucciCaligula As a professional terrible, and a terrible terrible, and a terribly terrible, I also really enjoyed this.

    • @TomCardinali
      @TomCardinali Před 4 lety +14

      As the son of a professional photographer (where I grew up using all the 4x5 hardware and processes he demonstrated, and then later in college) and a 40yr professional microlithographer, you hit the nail on the head with this video.
      Pro tip about the film holder dark slide (what we call them, not 'shutter')... The end with the handle is bare metal on one side and black on the other. Put the black side facing out when loading with unexposed film (that's how we oriented them) then after exposure flip it so the metal side faces out. The bare metal side also has notches in the edge next to the wire bail in the middle. Then when you're on a job you can quickly tell exposed and unexposed frames on sight and the notches let you feel it in the dark.
      Loved this.

    • @RobertSzasz
      @RobertSzasz Před 4 lety

      @@TomCardinali do you use a focusing mask during any setup processes?

  • @R3VISION3
    @R3VISION3 Před 4 lety +319

    It's criminal that this channel is still under 1 million subs.

    • @yoppindia
      @yoppindia Před 4 lety +19

      people dont have patience to read fine print

    • @rationalmartian
      @rationalmartian Před 4 lety +12

      It is indeed. This is a truly remarkable channel.
      Kind of makes most teachers, lecturers and supposed professionals look decidedly weak uninteresting and almost not trying.

    • @rorypenstock1763
      @rorypenstock1763 Před 4 lety +3

      @@rationalmartian Some of them, sure. But don't forget, Ben gets to edit himself!

    • @AntonBabiy
      @AntonBabiy Před 4 lety +6

      It's not a lot of subs but at least the ppl subscribed usually are tech inclined and don't just come to leave bs comments

    • @wizerdman3054
      @wizerdman3054 Před 4 lety

      well I don't think any lawes were broken he just made a microscope

  • @cameronrad1
    @cameronrad1 Před 4 lety +371

    What is this? A tax form for ants?

    • @AppliedScience
      @AppliedScience  Před 4 lety +134

      For the thumbnail, I tried to take a picture of actual live ants on the miniaturized tax form. Even by just cold-stunning the ants, and having them wake up, and walk away, it still looked like a dead insect / blob on the form. I still have a great imagined image of insects next to tiny LEDs, tiny ICs, microdisplays, microprint, etc, but have never been able to capture anything that looks good.

    • @Tahoza
      @Tahoza Před 4 lety +9

      It's going to need to be at least... 3x this size!

    • @samuelb6960
      @samuelb6960 Před 4 lety +12

      Didn't you here the IRS is taxing ants now.

    • @letsgocamping88
      @letsgocamping88 Před 4 lety +1

      czcams.com/video/4i9Kg8X4j1o/video.html I heard your comment like this

    • @Matt-uf2nc
      @Matt-uf2nc Před 4 lety +6

      @@AppliedScience Can you metallize the ant and get a metallized slide with the tax form and put them in the electron microscope?

  • @typha
    @typha Před 4 lety +406

    So "focal plane" is actually one of those lies that we tell people to make things simpler. Focal "planes" are actually more like focal curved-surfaces (rotationally symmetric ones). Higher quality lenses are typically designed to have more planar focal "planes". So that could be part of your problem too in addition to the film bowing. This sort of aberration is commonly referred to as field curvature. It might not be a problem for you, your lens might be good enough for this to not be noticable, but it could be part of the issues you were having. (Plus I believe that the effect is minimized by stopping down, so since I think you said you were very stopped down, field curvature probably isn't an issue for you, but it's something to be aware of)

    • @jamesdriscoll9405
      @jamesdriscoll9405 Před 4 lety

      f11 iirc

    • @iNerdier
      @iNerdier Před 4 lety +21

      James Driscoll if he is at f11 that’s actually not particularly stopped down in large format terms, an easy thing to try might therefore be a smaller aperture (with some kind of lighting rig at a 30 degree angle to remove reflection). It’s also kind of funny to see him doing as a special process what was daylong work for people thirty years ago.

    • @davesmith9325
      @davesmith9325 Před 4 lety +9

      Strictly speaking yes all lenses produce a curved image plane (its never a simple radius), however the lens design is a compromise to be acceptable on multiple metrics (cost, speed, resolution, image circle etc) and will substantially flatten that focal surface, to the point that when stopped down the residual error is acceptably small cf. the resolution of the film.
      Different lenses are optimised against different design goals, but you might want to think about what eg the famous "planar" design of optimising for 🤣

    • @hemerythrin
      @hemerythrin Před 4 lety +6

      Thank you Haruhi, very interesting.

    • @JohnDlugosz
      @JohnDlugosz Před 4 lety +5

      @@davesmith9325 Probably the tolerance of that camera and lens was designed for casual viewing of prints. It's probably far sloppier than what he's trying for, and would still look fine if you're looking at a portrait at reading distance (not using a magnifier or hunting for subtle flaws).

  • @l3d-3dmaker58
    @l3d-3dmaker58 Před 4 lety +114

    applied science x thought emporium crossover? EPIC!

    • @Tony-nl6pf
      @Tony-nl6pf Před 4 lety +2

      Thought emporium has good videos but he doesn't respond to comments and ignores emails. He fails on connectivity.

    • @niknak_game
      @niknak_game Před 4 lety +3

      @@Tony-nl6pf he's busy

  • @HuygensOptics
    @HuygensOptics Před 4 lety +127

    Great video! If you want a higher resolution, you could try direct exposure of the photoresist on glass inside your camera and use violet or uv-illumination for the object pattern. With an old canon ft lens i could in this way achieve 2 micron resolution. With large focal distance lenses like the one you are using that would be hard to achieve though.

  • @Keechization
    @Keechization Před 4 lety +121

    Just in case you get the bug to shoot large format in the field, the darkslides on the film holders do indeed have a secondary way for a photographer to keep track of exposed and unexposed frames: there are textured bumps and a bright side (if the darkslide is metal it's unpainted, if it's plastic it's white). so you're supposed to draw the slide out completely when exposing, and put the slide back in white + bumps side out to mark that it's been shot.

    • @dylangergutierrez
      @dylangergutierrez Před 4 lety +2

      Came here to say this, thanks for saving me the trouble!

    • @ruhnet
      @ruhnet Před 3 lety +2

      Lol I put the bumps in when exposed, out when unexposed. 😁

    • @RalphWLundvall
      @RalphWLundvall Před rokem

      If the dark slide shows dark, the film has always been in darkness (unexposed). If silver or white the film has seen the light. That is opposite of the general usage but it makes sense to me. If I ever get an assistant, they will learn this way of the dark slide.

    • @AureliusR
      @AureliusR Před rokem +1

      @@RalphWLundvall It makes literally zero difference, as long as you are consistent.

  • @orlandop2265
    @orlandop2265 Před 4 lety +159

    Nobody need to sleep when can make "20 micron photolithography masks".

    • @rogueanuerz
      @rogueanuerz Před 4 lety +2

      @zztop3000 no , corona virus is much more tiny shit bruh.

  • @J_CtheEngineer
    @J_CtheEngineer Před 4 lety +58

    “So I made a vacuum film holder” you know. As you do.

    • @DavidLindes
      @DavidLindes Před 4 lety +1

      Loved this bit! (11:53 by the way)

    • @Brewbug
      @Brewbug Před 3 lety

      Lol it’s what I was thinking he should do just like the old Contax RTS III did but I couldn’t believe it when he said he’d actually done that. Wow.

  • @miftahyf2811
    @miftahyf2811 Před 4 lety +19

    As an engineer and a film photogrpher, you have my respect! I love looking at how much effort you put in to make piece of photograph (a very small one)!

  • @noeoep
    @noeoep Před 4 lety +41

    The Fresnel lens isn’t there really for focussing, it’s to allow the photographer to see the whole frame at the same time while framing the shot. Thanks for this short but comprehensive overviw of the analog photography process!

  • @runforitman
    @runforitman Před 4 lety +31

    I love seeing such old technology finding its way into quite advanced experimentation

  • @marcmarc172
    @marcmarc172 Před 4 lety +28

    I can never guess the next project yet EVERY TIME it makes my jaw drop!
    You guys GOTTA share this channel, cmon!

  • @chrispza
    @chrispza Před 4 lety +45

    This made me so nostalgic! I operated Klimsch large-format plate cameras (film-size, up to broadsheet newspaper).
    Two things: Lighting-try high-intensity quartz halogen; it has a wide-spectrum output, up into the ultraviolet, which should appreciably shorten your exposure times.
    Secondly, for exposing the photo-resist, a sheet of pure polycarbonate will pass much more UV than window-glass.
    Oh, one last thing: while I am not recommending the use of an optical bench, for super-critical applications such as yours, a sturdy table might present better, more repeatable results.
    Thank you for a super interesting vijayo, and I wish both channels the very best of fortune.

    • @jonanderson5137
      @jonanderson5137 Před 4 lety +2

      I always enjoy a good AvE crossover.

    • @Khrrck
      @Khrrck Před 4 lety +1

      You can also get very high intensity UV lamps used for disinfecting off of Ebay, but I believe they may be florescent, so optics would be required.
      (Note if anyone actually buys one - they are extremely hazardous and can burn your eyes and skin without you realizing. Research safe and proper use before turning them on.)

  • @austrianwing
    @austrianwing Před 4 lety +1

    Funny, I have been thinking about trying large format photography for a while now. This has turned out to be a better explanation of all of the mechanical details of going through that process than any purely photography focused tutorial I have ever seen.

  • @ryangriggs5767
    @ryangriggs5767 Před 3 lety

    The vacuum film holder is exactly how the large format cameras in print shops used to work. Amazing video!

  • @Beregorn88
    @Beregorn88 Před 4 lety +23

    "it has a really high contrast, measure to prevent halos from back reflections, it is not impressed by red light and it is even transparent to UV! How convenient!"
    Funny, it looks almost like it was designed for the production of photolithographic masks... :)

    • @JH-tc3yu
      @JH-tc3yu Před 2 lety

      That's literally the next sentence he says.

  • @jimurrata6785
    @jimurrata6785 Před 4 lety +13

    My life in the '70's....
    Commercial art & stats.
    ASML is literally 1/4 mile from me right now
    Photo lithography has come a long way in 40 years.
    Ben, as a material science geek, I love every video you release.
    Admit to being jealous of the tools you have to produce them

  • @BrilliantDesignOnline
    @BrilliantDesignOnline Před rokem +2

    You explain it all so casually and with only the practical detail we need, including your observations of things we would never notice (like the dust factor and the readout change due to the sensor being covered) VERY cool. Thank you.

  • @madome3117
    @madome3117 Před 4 lety +5

    I was really shocked, when you said: see you next time.
    I wasn´t prepared for this video to end so quickly. Somehow this half an hour video felt like 10 min.
    Great work and I really appreciate you attention to detail

  • @therealmdavey
    @therealmdavey Před 4 lety +32

    First off, great content. This was the sort of thing I lived in the 70’s through the 90’s in the printing and photography world. A few notes that you may find useful.
    If you can get your hands on a 11 or 21 step grayscale to use on your wall, it would be a great help for setting exposure and maintaining control. These were standard on any litho exposure in the printing industry in the 80’s and 90’s. The steps make for easy adjustment of exposure between steps. Also critical for consistency and calibration of exposure. Finally, if you could make a small vacuum frame for exposing the glass slides it would be helpful. The Newton rings can actually cause small exposure variations through the rings. This was a problem we dealt with in the printing industry.

  • @lucuslanders8033
    @lucuslanders8033 Před 4 lety +15

    Pro Tip: one side of the dark-side is white, and the other is black. When you load the film, have the dark slide showing white, and after you shoot it flip it so its showing black. That way you know if its been exposed or not.

    • @michaelcoyote
      @michaelcoyote Před rokem

      I heard that and rushed here to make sure someone pointed this out,

  • @DanielLopez-up6os
    @DanielLopez-up6os Před 2 lety +1

    Still super amazingly sharp. And the Reciprocity factor, now clicked and it makes sense why my film images in winter were worse than in summer.

  • @JohannSwart_JWS
    @JohannSwart_JWS Před 4 lety +49

    BTW, a tiny laser spot on the wall might make your focusing easier. I tried a red one (ca 650 nm), and it seems to work just fine, even though diode lasers suck. A well collimated HeNe, which I'm sure you posess will be perfect.

    • @devrim-oguz
      @devrim-oguz Před 4 lety +3

      Yeah, especially when you remove the lens of the laser diode, the light comes from a particularly small point.

    • @RobertSzasz
      @RobertSzasz Před 4 lety +3

      Add a focusing mask and that works great. (I used the laser spot on a wall to test out various focusing masks and then fix an incorrectly set DSLR ground glass.

  • @MyAvitech
    @MyAvitech Před 4 lety +221

    So what did you do during quarantine?
    *The world:* Binge watched Netflix and tried not freaking out.
    *Ben:* Just messed around in the shop making 20 micron photolithography masks that are used to make titanium electrodes that attach to neurons.

    • @recklessroges
      @recklessroges Před 4 lety +9

      I wonder what the highest density of data can be achieved with Ben's method. (Some sort of 2d barcode to backup important data, or have the data in rows and data with vertical lines being a one and the absense being a zero + then a "second layer" of data could be written by rotating the vertical lines like the hands on a clock, {though the data could be written in one pass}.) How easy would it be to read the slides?

    • @patprop74
      @patprop74 Před 4 lety +2

      lol sounds about right

    • @EggBastion
      @EggBastion Před 4 lety +2

      This guy! Hell, and I can't be bothered to even make my damn food any fancier'n usual
      *_`: /_*

    • @rip8641
      @rip8641 Před 4 lety +6

      I aspire to be as motivated to do cool things as Ben.

    • @VerstehenSieMathis
      @VerstehenSieMathis Před 4 lety +4

      @@recklessroges Isn't that pretty easy to say? For a simple matrix of dots and non-dots of 20µm, it's 1250*3750 bit
      = roughly 0,5 MB on every 25mm*75mm microscope slide. It's denser then floppy discs.

  • @simon-d-m
    @simon-d-m Před 4 lety +3

    Way back in the late 1970s or early 1980s I saw a WWII Luftwaffe reconnaissance camera in the London Science Museum. The lens, and I think the whole camera, was by Carl Zeiss. It has a huge film format, at a guess about 30cm square. It actually used roll film, not sheet, and the spools were about 70-80mm diameter, which must have meant that each frame was truly curly!. So it, too, used a vacuum hold down system - that was the first place I ever saw such an arrangement, although I think it was standard for things like integrated circuit mask making and other lithographic techniques (update: I think it was this one images.app.goo.gl/ukyVFRdytZBJKSoL7 but I can't find it in their on-line collection so it may have been borrowed from elsewhere for their photography gallery, and anyway they now have a separate photographic museum in Bradford, Yorkshire).
    In the 1980s, Agfa used to make its lith film available in 35mm format too: I used it to make sharp masks of lettering for titling audio-visual presentations, and Ithink I may even still have a roll somewhere! I remember it as very "slow" (ASA 3 or 4), but the results were extremely crisp, as long as you developed it carefully. Apart from the ease of lab handling, the big advantage of it being orthochromatic was that chromatic lens aberration didn't matter as much as with panchromatic film.
    That was a thorougly enjoyable video - thanks very much for doing it!

  • @nohphd
    @nohphd Před 3 měsíci

    I’m stunned to have stumbled upon this video. I’m getting ready to retire and contemplating a project using pretty much the exact same processes you’ve explained here. I’m sure this single video will save me years of trial and error. Thank you so much!

  • @simoncoelho8831
    @simoncoelho8831 Před 4 lety +1

    Would be awesome if you did a video on how to make a makeshift ventilator system! Hospitals are running out, so having a guide on how to go about making household objects into a last resort ventilator would be really really helpful.

  • @JasonOFlaherty
    @JasonOFlaherty Před 4 lety +5

    This was really interesting. I'm glad you showed all of the steps completely so we can see the whole process

  • @sonovoxx
    @sonovoxx Před 4 lety +8

    I'm in awe of the persistence, never mind the process. Incredible forensic detail given to every step.

  • @BuckJolicoeur
    @BuckJolicoeur Před 4 lety +1

    Words cannot express how impressed I am with your channel. You cease to amaze me. As a Graphic Designer who designed masks for etching masks, this is brilliant. Thank you.

  • @gsmeyersaz
    @gsmeyersaz Před 4 lety +1

    Three suggestions! 1. You can cut
    about 1/8 off the edge of the sheet film and just low tack tape to
    tape the film to the film holder, no vacuum needed. This way you can
    use 4x5 film in a 5x7 camera, heck, one can even use 35mm in the
    camera or a glass negative or printing paper. 2. Do NOT pull the
    dark slide all the way out of the film holder when doing exposure.
    Just pull the slide out enough to exposure the film. Reason being,
    if you have bad felt, light could leak in that area and onto the
    film. With the slide in place, light can not leak in. 3. You can
    do four test shots with one sheet of film. Pull the slide out ONLY ¼
    way. Make exposure. Pull the slide out another ¼. Make exposure.
    Pull the slide out another ¼. Make exposure. Pull slide out to
    expose all the film. Make 4 test shots on one film...easy!

  • @electronicsNmore
    @electronicsNmore Před 4 lety +12

    Incredible. A very involved process that requires a lot of knowledge, but yields amazing results!

  • @mute8s
    @mute8s Před 4 lety +13

    As soon as you started talking about photos and microscope slides Thought Emporium came to mind then you mentioned him. Glad to know I wasn't wrong. 😉 I also saw Technology Connections is one of your patrons which was also cool as that is another channel I'll drop most things I'm doing to watch. Keep up the good work Ben.

  • @11kungfu11
    @11kungfu11 Před 3 lety

    Im becoming more and more convinced you are the world's best money forgers and you are just slowly handing off your skills to those of us who can read between the line. DONT WORRY I WONT TELL.

  • @nomadben
    @nomadben Před 4 lety +1

    I'm a huge photography nerd and I've been curious about photolithography, so this was a really fascinating episode. I love how clearly you share the information and demonstrate everything in a way that's easy to understand. Thank you Ben, I always appreciate how much there is to learn on your channel.

  • @Wingman4l7
    @Wingman4l7 Před 4 lety +18

    Methods similar to these were used to make microdots -- millimeter-size pieces of film containing espionage-related stuff: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microdot

  • @FG-Supercharged
    @FG-Supercharged Před 4 lety +4

    You're a brilliant man, Ben. Thank you for sharing your knowledge and experience!

  • @dennyoconnor8680
    @dennyoconnor8680 Před 2 lety

    Good memories. I'm 82. I did my first darkroom developing (Kodak Brownie camera) in 1953. I still have some 4x5 Speed Graphic cameras and complete darkroom equipment / enlarger. Yeah, Ortho is good in that you can use a safe light. But, after a big chunk of my life messing around in darkrooms I don't even think about a light. Do it by touch. The key is everything organized on the bench in the same position and orientation every time, no exceptions.
    Yes, temperature control in the darkroom is everything and for outdoor temperatures you use the film manufacturer tables for exposure correction (and do tests).
    You get an attaboy for teaching yourself what is becoming a lost art, large format B&W phototography.

  • @BarnacleBrown
    @BarnacleBrown Před 4 lety

    I don't know why but all the sounds this camera makes are so pleasing. The shutter slides click and slide so nicele, the levers and clips all make such a nice clicking.

  • @joemcguckin6151
    @joemcguckin6151 Před 4 lety +5

    You've managed to re-invent the Graphic arts process camera. Every printing house had one (before the printing industry disappeared)

  • @Tuxfanturnip
    @Tuxfanturnip Před 4 lety +62

    Problem: film is not held securely against the middle of the slide
    My thought: put a glass cover over it
    Applied Science: put a vacuum behind it

    • @austindoud273
      @austindoud273 Před 4 lety +3

      Honestly it should be ground glass on both sides

    • @linecraftman3907
      @linecraftman3907 Před 4 lety +11

      @@austindoud273 ground glass will introduce distortions

    • @skunkjobb
      @skunkjobb Před 4 lety +7

      @@austindoud273 Ground glass on the front side of the film doesn't sound so good.

    • @kricketflyd111
      @kricketflyd111 Před 4 lety +1

      engineering : put a field around it.

    • @comeradecoyote
      @comeradecoyote Před 4 lety +7

      The reason you don’t put glass on both sides is because you will get newton’s rings which will alter the resultant image. Additionally glass has a different coefficient of reflection/refraction than air and could lead to slight distortions.

  • @cleitonfelipe2092
    @cleitonfelipe2092 Před 4 lety +1

    You have the best science channel on CZcams

  • @rickharriss
    @rickharriss Před 4 lety +2

    1. Many year ago now i worked for a company that made early circuit design equipment. The output was to a large photo plotter that transferred the electronic image to a photo plate. Our set up resolution was 3 microns so two dots could be repeated 3 microns apart. As an experiment I devised a system that took a small, 1 inch diag, CRT and drew the image on it line by line.
    This was passed through a 35 mm camera lense but in reverse so the end image was about 10x smaller and projected onto a section of photographic film on a drum. the drum was incrementally turned for each new line and eventually the image built up. We wrote software to break the image up into sections and lines and display them one at a time.
    We were able to get very repeatable and respectable results from our system compared to the commercial results from a much cheaper and simpler system.
    2. You could mount your digital camera to look at the ground glass screen, or even remove the ground glass and set it at the focus plane to get a clearer view of the focus point.
    3. Really appreciate you channel. thanks

  • @PaftDunk
    @PaftDunk Před 4 lety +89

    Thought I was going to bed at 1am, I guess not

  • @oghry
    @oghry Před 4 lety +10

    Very cool. With this lithographic setup you should make your own Intel 8080

    • @MusicBent
      @MusicBent Před 4 lety +2

      Alexey Dubrov he already has built most the the technology needed. His biggest difficulty would be in the many layers required and keeping them aligned through the process. Let alone obtaining the lithographs required

  • @hypt0ny
    @hypt0ny Před 4 lety +1

    You have one of the most inspiring channels on CZcams Ben. You can really show what a devoted backyard engineer can accomplish with only will and perceivance. I am truly amazed by your projects and I've watched every video you have uploaded. Thank you for sharing all of this to us.

  • @bipolarchemist
    @bipolarchemist Před 4 lety

    Brings me back to the hours I've spent cleaning microscope slides in the past. My typical routine was a good mechanical scrub with soap and water followed by a 10 minute or so dunk in piranha solution, rinse with a healthy amount of DI water, sonication in IPA and then acetone and finally drying under vacuum. That provided a nice hydrophilic surface for functionalization with silanes. Thanks for the excellent video and walk down memory lane.

  • @wileecoyoti
    @wileecoyoti Před 4 lety +13

    About the difficult focus: what about making a "false star" at the target surface (possibly by poking a pinhole through a dark part of it and planning an led behind) and using a bahtinov mask over the camera's lens? Should get a physically perfect focus that way, same problem and solution used in astronomy.
    Very cool work as always!

  • @wimwiddershins
    @wimwiddershins Před 4 lety +6

    There's something about watching you achieve results (that usually require a clean room and a corporate research budget) in your garage using home made and antique equipment.

    • @stargazer7644
      @stargazer7644 Před 3 lety +1

      I’m amazed that people don’t realize kids used to learn to do this stuff in high school photography class. I did, in the 80’s.

    • @bobsagget823
      @bobsagget823 Před 3 lety

      @@stargazer7644 nobody cares boomer

    • @stargazer7644
      @stargazer7644 Před 3 lety +2

      @@bobsagget823 Your math skills need some work.

    • @tootaashraf1
      @tootaashraf1 Před 2 lety +2

      @@bobsagget823 Shut up

  • @AnianBrosig-yv3jn
    @AnianBrosig-yv3jn Před 4 lety +1

    wow, old cameras were much cooler than I thought :)
    I always am amazed with all the little tricks people come up with

  • @zacharykrawczyk3942
    @zacharykrawczyk3942 Před 4 lety

    Wow it's really cool to see so much collaboration between makers on CZcams. It's like you're all neighbors

  • @CaptiveReefSystems
    @CaptiveReefSystems Před 4 lety +17

    I saw Though Emporium's first attempt at the neuron x microelectrode array and was *very* interested in their progress! 👍 I hope you guys succeed and will keep an eye out for updates!

  • @GoldSrc_
    @GoldSrc_ Před 4 lety +4

    This channel always delivers, it's just amazing.
    Keep it up :D.

  • @pamdemonia
    @pamdemonia Před 4 lety +1

    Just finished (at midnight + 15 minutes -- sheltering in place, obviously) watching Oxtools fix the most amazing level and I see this. Plus new AVE and This Old Tony earlier. Glad to see some of my favorite guys are okay and doing interesting things! Tomorrow I am attempting an orange chiffon cake in a countertop convection oven as covid-19 project. I'd send all y'all a slice if I could (and it works out.). Thanks for helping us stay sane!

  • @copelandart
    @copelandart Před 3 lety

    That takes me back to my early days in a print shop! I ran the camera department, which had a giant version of your view camera, vacuum back and all. Hand processed much larger sheets of litho film (up to 18" x 24") in temperature-controlled sinks. We also modified the camera, making it into an enlarger, so we could make up to 42" x 60" prints. Sometimes, I miss those days......

  • @ramjetross
    @ramjetross Před 4 lety +6

    Now you can photolithography and etch your ITO glass to make some interesting AC electroluminescent displays with your ITO-PEDOT-dielectric-emitter-copper devices. Maybe a microdisplay.

    • @jonanderson5137
      @jonanderson5137 Před 4 lety

      Now I have to go check exactly how small smleds can get.

  • @BenNBuilds
    @BenNBuilds Před 4 lety +4

    Sweet! I can't wait to see the final product!

    • @origamihawk
      @origamihawk Před 4 lety

      Woah you're still alive! I ran into your channel like 4 years ago while working on some ROV stuff, interesting seeing you pop up here.

  • @batchint
    @batchint Před 4 lety

    this is probably the first camera guide I've seen that goes into some depth but in the mechanism of the photo machine

  • @quackerzdb
    @quackerzdb Před 4 lety

    This is the highest quality youtube channel I know of. Thank you Ben, you make this stuff so interesting and you always answer every question I have about the process as you go. The details surrounding the film holders were very engaging.

  • @Homicidalburger
    @Homicidalburger Před 4 lety +4

    The fresnel lens is more useful to have an evenly lit view over the ground glass. My Graphlex that uses a ground glass(non fresnel) will barely show any details on the edges of the frame.

  • @dhoyda
    @dhoyda Před 4 lety +5

    "I have no interest in this at all"
    30 minutes later "whoa, that is absolutely amazing!"

  • @colinholloway6252
    @colinholloway6252 Před 2 lety

    Seeing the camera and the loop for fine focusing reminds me of seeing videos of wet plate / tin-plate photography. Beautiful images that either use long exposures or flash - blue sensitive. They're all on CZcams.

  • @katelikesrectangles
    @katelikesrectangles Před 4 lety +1

    Just incredible. You've built on so much of your prior experience for this, and it's lovely to see so many topics come together in one process. Really good work.

  • @maxk4324
    @maxk4324 Před 4 lety +117

    Me: Sends taxes on 1/100 scale check
    IRS Employee: Opens cabinet and retrieves microscope next to a code breaking manual and a box labeled "mustard cleaning kits" (for those Johny O fans out there)

    • @sleeptyper
      @sleeptyper Před 4 lety +19

      IRS Employee writes a letter:
      Dear Ben, we asked you already two years ago to not send your taxes on a media that requires a SEM to read. Our budget cuts are getting worse year by year and currently nearest SEM is at the university, which at current traffic ... err, nevermind.

    • @johncrowerdoe5527
      @johncrowerdoe5527 Před 4 lety +2

      1/100 scale would be fairly close to their traditional microfiche / microfilm archiving of old documents. Just slapping it into the viewing station should make it readable with strong glasses.

  • @DrakkarCalethiel
    @DrakkarCalethiel Před 4 lety +4

    7:10AM, moring already begins with amazing content! The moment you mentioned the microscope slide and another channel, I immediately thought about the thought emporium and his "head cheese" project. :D

  • @Piipolinoo
    @Piipolinoo Před 4 lety

    You never cease to amaze me! People also need to remember that you did not only create a 20 micron photolithography mask, you also used it to sputter a metal layer in a sputter chamber you've built yourself. Also, in principle, if you ever wanted to, you could have a look at it in the SEM you've built a while ago as well. YOU ARE A LEGEND.

  • @cs-za
    @cs-za Před 4 lety

    Ben, every video you make I am just blown away by your knowledge and ingenuity!

  • @kevinmartin7760
    @kevinmartin7760 Před 4 lety +4

    Your resist exposure would be even more point-source if the inside of the collimating tube were black.

  • @SimoWill75
    @SimoWill75 Před 4 lety +8

    You've rediscovered all the problems we astrophotographers used to have. Great vid. Cheers.
    Edit: do you know whether the film you're using can be gas hypersensitised to combat reciprocity failure? Might be worth investigating, and pretty simple process for someone like you ;)

    • @creepyloner1979
      @creepyloner1979 Před 4 lety +1

      easier to just wait an extra 10 seconds, or buy better lights.

    • @AwpphotographyNet1
      @AwpphotographyNet1 Před 4 lety

      Why....just buy a faster speed film like pan F 50. You dont need litho film for something like this.

    • @SimoWill75
      @SimoWill75 Před 4 lety

      Yes, good point re time&lighting. Not much point saving seconds vs hours(astro).
      Regarding PanF, my crusty memory says it was pretty low resolution? There was a reason I filled my fridge with D100 all those years ago, I think that was why (better sharpness & resolution) Think I might even have an old 120 roll of TechPan tucked away somewhere.

    • @stargazer7644
      @stargazer7644 Před 3 lety

      Exposure time really isn’t a problem here. Plus I believe gas hypering makes the grain larger.

  • @marklangridge2734
    @marklangridge2734 Před 2 lety

    What amazes me is that i have done many of these things in the lab, using much more sophisticated equipment, and not really gotten any better results. Very nice bit of work!

  • @mrmatt2525able
    @mrmatt2525able Před 4 lety

    Your videos are awesome, never stop, the random stuff I learn and details about things that help elsewhere in other projects and even in life is crazy! Thank you Ben

  • @jonathanlarson32
    @jonathanlarson32 Před 4 lety +16

    When you are exposing the slide wouldn't it be best to blacken the insides of the tube to improve the point source for the light?

    • @numlock6019
      @numlock6019 Před 4 lety +1

      good point!

    • @GregorShapiro
      @GregorShapiro Před 4 lety +1

      The filament is several orders of magnitude brighter than the white of the tube so the diffuse illumination would amount to a few seconds of filament exposure. It is measurable but not really necessary especialöly with the good contact between the emulsion of the film and the photoresist on the slide.

    • @stargazer7644
      @stargazer7644 Před 3 lety +1

      Gregor Shapiro in other words, yes.

  • @lorenzopale
    @lorenzopale Před 3 lety +5

    "Intel doesn't have a whole lot to worry about
    ... just yet."

  • @dolantremp
    @dolantremp Před 4 lety

    I never understand anything you're doing and yet I am completely enthralled by every single one of your videos

  • @brettsuydam
    @brettsuydam Před 2 lety +1

    For long exposure large format photography, I would also recommend a heavy duty wooden tripod (hard to find these days) to absorb vibrations coming in through the studio floor... Especially when trying to preserve very fine resolution without any motion blur.

  • @legendarysideburns2213
    @legendarysideburns2213 Před 4 lety +11

    Honey I Shrunk the Tax Form

  • @among-us-99999
    @among-us-99999 Před 4 lety +3

    Can Piezo-Actuators be used for CNC stuff on a very, very small scale?

  • @cs-xy5fr
    @cs-xy5fr Před 4 lety +2

    You have one of the coolest channels on CZcams. Thank you for sharing all these projects!

  • @Masoudy91
    @Masoudy91 Před 4 lety

    You are a digital archives of human technology.
    I salute you, sir.

  • @RichardKinch
    @RichardKinch Před 4 lety +75

    Cool camera! But: The lens should be imaging spot sizes on the order of (in microns at the image plane) 1.3 times the f/number of the lens. That's going to be much better than the film grain size, which is on the order of dozens of microns. Optics is always governed by a weakest-link principle. So you really can't improve the weakest link, which is the film grain in this case. The f/number of a lens wholly determines the spatial resolution of the lens images, but the film grain is not "impedance matched", rather like parallel resistors 1/r = 1/r1 + 1/r2. See my optics discussion at www.truetex.com/raspberrypi.htm regarding "Specified, theoretical, and actual resolution".

    • @recklessroges
      @recklessroges Před 4 lety +6

      You sound like you know a lot about optics. I look forward to reading your optics discussion.

    • @Nobody-Nowhere
      @Nobody-Nowhere Před 4 lety +11

      You can improve the film grain, by using ortho film like he is using. And saying that the F number alone determines the resolution of the lens, in theory land. Not in reality. Like he is using an old single coated Symmar. More modern multi coating alone would improve the resolution. Also simply filtering the light, as you only need single wavelength to do this type of stuff. There are lenses available for this exact job. Lenses are also designed to work on different magnifications, different wavelengths etc. Its just not some simple calculation that F number defines everything.

    • @Mythricia1988
      @Mythricia1988 Před 4 lety +6

      I always try to tell people about this when I see comments online about how photographic film has "infinite" resolution... But nobody ever seems to believe me when I talk about film grain size :\

    • @Nobody-Nowhere
      @Nobody-Nowhere Před 4 lety +10

      @@Mythricia1988 On ortho, its basically true. Ortho films have higher resolution than any lens can deliver. Even something like tmax 100, resolves more than any realistic lens can do. On 35mm, your absolute max lens resolution in real world would be something like 200lp/mm (still something you really cant find, maybe sigma art 40/1.4 could do it). And tmax 100 resolves 160lp/mm on normal pictorial contrasts.
      And on medium format, max lens resolutions are around 120lp/mm and on 4x5" they drop down to around 80lp/mm, at 8x10" you can hope to get 50lp/mm from a lens. And these are the absolute best lenses you can find, and only center resolutions.
      So film grain definitely is not the limiting factor. Especially if we are talking about technical ortho type films.

    • @FROSTBURG2
      @FROSTBURG2 Před 4 lety +2

      @@Nobody-Nowhere Resolution depends also on the contrast of the subject. With high contrast test charts Zeiss got 550 lp/mm from the middle of a Biogon 25/2.8 ZM on microfilm stock.

  • @ken830
    @ken830 Před 4 lety +5

    You have a Radio Flyer Tesla Model S project car!?!? I'm interested in a video about whatever the heck you're doing with that!

  • @cmdraftbrn
    @cmdraftbrn Před 4 lety +2

    this feels like 6hrs of product for 30mins of content and i love it anyways.

  • @thomasrogers8239
    @thomasrogers8239 Před 4 lety

    i love it when channels work together, thank you for making this for the thought emporium!

  • @noahtaylor7632
    @noahtaylor7632 Před 4 lety +39

    Ben: “this film has a beer belly”
    Me: “make a little vacuum plate”
    Ben: “I made a little vacuum plate”
    Me: ... whoa

  • @TheWilldrick
    @TheWilldrick Před 4 lety +5

    13:34 The other kind of film you refer to, the one you need to manipulate in total darkness: is it IR sensitive?
    The comment of you seeing better on the viewinder just made me think, you could use some IR LEDs and a night vision camera to load the film with ease :D

    • @creepyloner1979
      @creepyloner1979 Před 4 lety

      panchromatic b&w (and colour) film usually isn't ir sensitive, and plenty of people use ir cameras to develop it.

    • @stargazer7644
      @stargazer7644 Před 3 lety

      It really isn’t hard to learn to do this stuff by feel in the dark. You learn to remove film from 35mm canisters, and load it onto reels in the dark, and assemble the reels into light tight developing cans. Just takes practice. I used to remove film from all kinds of broken cameras for people in a dark bag with sleeves all the time.

  • @jamesoliver6625
    @jamesoliver6625 Před 4 lety

    Litho films were used primarily in the printing trades where "all or nothing" exposure was the goal. I spent 33 years in the printing trades and about 15 of that was conventional prepress process camera work. I loved my work. It was both technical and creative.

  • @EpicHeroSandwich
    @EpicHeroSandwich Před 3 lety

    I used to do photolithography masks for a living, engraving specific-micron textures on specific surfaces of finished parts, this is neat!

  • @kaunomedis7926
    @kaunomedis7926 Před 4 lety +5

    I have to use mercury street lamp without protective glass. Lots of UV in one spot.

    • @wonderwulf
      @wonderwulf Před 4 lety +1

      I think that is something like what he has here!

    • @paulmaydaynight9925
      @paulmaydaynight9925 Před 4 lety

      wouldnt the tried and trusted generic DIY hydrogen/oxygen theater "lime light" lamp give a far fuller and brighter plate coverage here and cheaper/better than todays hightec over priced,under speced versions

    • @teresashinkansen9402
      @teresashinkansen9402 Před 4 lety

      @@paulmaydaynight9925 A lime light only reaches at most 2800 C° but usually lower temperature, not that different from using an overvolted halogen lamp and much less convenient, as a black body radiator at such temperature the UV output is very low. With an arc lamp you not only have the benefit of a much higher black body temperature but also in the case of medium pressure arc lamps a significant output comes from the spectral lines of mercury and other elements added. Also street lamps are quite cheap and last for many hundred hours as a powerful UV source, sadly they are being phased out, so time to stock up!

  • @jimsvideos7201
    @jimsvideos7201 Před 4 lety +3

    ISO 2! o.O

  • @mikem5043
    @mikem5043 Před 2 lety

    Used to have a b&w darkroom in my parents garage when I was in high school. Got some pics with a 4 x 5 view camera as well. You sure brought back some memories...

  • @dathaniel9403
    @dathaniel9403 Před 2 lety

    I actually found your channel because of Huygens Optics. What an amazing wealth of knowledge that man has.

  • @fischX
    @fischX Před 4 lety +3

    Downvotes from: Intel, AMD, TSMC, UMC

  • @huyvu9440
    @huyvu9440 Před 4 lety +4

    Next video:. How I created the covid19 vaccine using ingredients in my kitchen.

    • @pmgodfrey
      @pmgodfrey Před 4 lety +1

      And only with an Arduino Uno for computation!

  • @yodustin00
    @yodustin00 Před 4 lety +1

    Wow. Just Wow. Kudos. Keeping the technical arts alive. Beautiful.

  • @eyrron
    @eyrron Před 4 lety +1

    I think you are the smartest guy I've seen on CZcams ever.. you know everything, wish I had friend like you to ask everything there is to ask