Video

Thanks :-) ... It changes with composition of gases AND with Temperature so, if we are going to be technical. both of those change with altitude... so... isn't the statement still roughly correct?

@@terranspaceacademy No. Certainly at one bar and below air is an ideal gas. Even if it were CO2 or CH4, the speed of sound at a specific temperature is the same as air and independent of pressure. Of course the composition of air changes mainly with humidity. But the speed of sound is influenced about three orders of magnitude more by temperature than pressure or humidity.

Thank you!

10k out tech will be indistinguishable from magic :-)

Really! Where can you buy something like that?

We would love to develop a "Trade School to the Stars! :-)

It is amazing! I'm thinking spacesuit shells also...

I'm wondering about using GRX-810 for a high temperature ultra efficient molten carbon fuel cell for LNG...

@@terranspaceacademy I’d love to see that.

Robots will do all of that I'm sure...

They will help us do amazing things!

Thank you so much!

I like it! (but that would imply that we our freedom might be at risk and if I do that they'll come haul me away :-)

I've looked and I have never been able to find any designs, even back of the napkin type stuff for a working metallic hydrogen engine. It's been a few months since I looked so maybe that's changed. But It's just so energy dense in its pure form that it vaporizes anything you put it in contact with inside an engine. The closest thing I've seen involved diluting the MH in some kind of solvent and just getting less performance. I don't think you can just fill a tank with it and pump it like typical rocket fuels. I'm not sure we even know what form it would be in (liquid or solid) if it is in fact metastable. I'm not sure that we know for sure that it is metastable. This problem seems to pop up with every game changing technology that may be on the horizon. It's super energetic so great power and efficiency but it eats everything you put near it. Even Anti Matter. If we discovered tomorrow that we could easily manufacture Anti Matter we still don't know how to direct it's energy without requiring so much shielding and reflecting mass as to make it impractical for anything with humans on it. I'm sure we'll figure out how to move into the Solar System and do work valuable to our species if we last long enough. But I don't think anyone knows what that will look like yet. Nuclear technologies can already get us most of the way there. But unfortunately stupidity is contagious. I wonder how these antinuclear everything folks feel when they get cancer and need a radiotherapy machine? Do they scream "No Nukes in Hospitals!" and just go die? Somehow I doubt it. I think they don't really care about the truth, they just like their community of like minded friends. Like most of the problems humans create for ourselves. Stupid, arrogant Humans are a real danger to all of our futures. They think they're geniuses and can just nuh uhhh to anything they don't understand. And failing politicians take advantage of this ignorance. No matter how beneficial for them and all of us it might be. I live in Florida and remember the Casini Launch well. The level of stupidity on display everywhere except NASA itself was eye opening.

@@allineedis1mike81 That was a massive comment so will be responding to points versus the entirety. To my knowledge metallic hydrogen has only temporarily been produced between diamond anvils under enormous pressure. It does not destroy material as antimatter does, but does pass through some elements. Which do to the high pressure can cause damage. While it would be preferable for MH to be a semi-liquid like mercury. A solid can still be injected as pellets, wire, or bar. As to use in a engine cryogenic MH would either directly cool the engine or engine coolant in a heat exchanger. Transitioning into liquid hydrogen or superheated hydrogen as the rapid temperature increase the Coulumb force severing the shared electron bonds in metallic hydrogen. That is highly theoretical as no MH currently exist to run practical experiments on, but continuing. SSTO will require a multi-stage engine with turbofan, scramjet, liquid fueled rocket stages. In the inline design I am working on the turbofan would be fueled by liquid hydrogen from a large drop tank. As the first stage to high altitude at mach3. Followed by rocket engine burn on remaining liquid hydrogen & internal liquid oxygen to Mach4.5. MH conversion to superheated high pressure hydrogen is begun scramjet is started, & lifting body drop tank is ejected to glide back for landing & reuse. Scramjet stage accelerates SSTO up to Mach15 climbing to the edge of the atmosphere. Rocket stage using a different design of heat exchanger producing liquid hydrogen & stored liquid oxygen boosts to LEO. Before a magnetic MH plasma engine powered by solar or fusion using a variable EM nozzle takes over for spaceflight. Still significant work to be done. But currently looking to be the most efficient path to space with the largest payload & safety factor. At least until technology such as direct matter to energy conversion or antimatter becomes possible. Nuclear is incredibly important to humanities future. In my opinion fission is not viable for single stage to orbit spacecraft. Reactor size/weight with required system is simply too large. Radiation shielding alone could double the weight of internal structure. unless efficient energy shield technology becomes available. Nuclear powered mach 1 bombers where attempted but failed in the cold war. A SSTO would require 50 times more power from a smaller reactor. In orbit automated freight transport is the use case for fission. Your point are valid and well taken. Cheers

@@allineedis1mike81, I’ll drink to that! The bit you said in the latter part of your comment makes me think of flat earthers lol. Well that is except for the bit about the politicians taking hold of the debate. Though with the way we seem to be more and more turning the movie Idocracy into a prophetic piece, I do tend to wonder if they just may…🤔🙄

They'll need some seriously strong tanks to hold the metallic hydrogen :-)

Hmmm.... I don't think I have.

@@terranspaceacademy I read about it in college , back in the 80s. It might not have gone anywhere, but it was interesting: sort of a combustion chamber formed by shock waves and fuel squired from the back of the vehicle to be burned.

Haven't seen it yet (ashamedly, I loved the original)

Let's go then!

...

Yes I grew up in Georgia black and old black people were super racist but when I went to school the Asian girls, the Indian, the Spanish, the white girls were all so pretty. Cured me good😂

That's kind of cool... Ours is probably 57... Not that there's anything wrong with that.

Usually works out :-)

Or be even better :-)

Have they come out and announced the finished product? I thought they were still testing.

That would be great for attracting and repelling charged particles... Or do you mean positive and negative energy?

You are most welcome and will probably love today's lesson!

I think it could fire the engines and create a plasma shield with hypersonic retropulsion... worth a try.

I'm not familiar with any reproducible evidence supporting the existence of the supernatural so I leave that to others.

Indeed. My company competed with that technology (we were using laser plasma acceleration) and they won :-)

Eles geralmente fazem isso apenas com estágios, mas seria bom se o primeiro estágio fosse ajustado de acordo... Acima de 10 km, a contrapressão da atmosfera geralmente pode ser desconsiderada.

Indeed... But cryogenic methane should be able to do the job...

Far too weak my friend...

Virtually all climate scientists do not disagree my friend... Human action and pollutants are warming the planet.

@@terranspaceacademy Science is not a democracy, you've fallen for the classic bandwagon fallacy.

Agreed my friend. That's why other companies need a chance. Sierra Space etc.

That's a problem for them though. If the can't compete commercially they'll have trouble competing for government contracts. Now that SpaceX broke up their monopoly on national security restricted launches.

@@terranspaceacademy Why do you think ULA is essentially refusing to make a reusable rocket? Or at least a reusable booster like Falcon? Has the financial benefit not proven itself? And why hasn't NASA attempted to make one? SLS costs $4 billion per launch. You would think you can make a better rocket for half that much. And after the initial principle, continuing the manufacturing would be cheaper

NASA just came out and said the Orion issues could have led to a loss of ship scenario.

Let me know what you thought! terranspaceacademy@gmail.com

Sorry you feel that way my friend but it is WHY I started the channel. For the bigger picture.

@@terranspaceacademy I get enough BS social justice preaching from everywhere else. It's not unique, insightful, or relevant, quite the opposite actually.

Most welcome Dean!

@@terranspaceacademy I did indeed watch it. Left a comment on the FB page. But here's the basic info. There's one neccessary skill set you left out of the conversation and consideration. Skilled tradesmen. Plumber. Electrician. Heavy Equipment Operator. Welder. Carpenter. Concrete and Brick/Block Masons. Handyman. It takes years to train tradesmen to the Master level and it's absolutely not something that will be trainable for the Scientists and Engineers in the normal skill set. And you'll need those tradesmen when building on the Moon, other planets and for larger space habitats. It'll be far easier to teach the tradesmen the neccessary cross skills than visa versa. My sincere thanks for your time and consideration. Dean Franklin

Let me know what you thought Dennis!

@@terranspaceacademy Pro: - overall it seems very well thought out - I very much like the learned diversity i.e. polymath - Quite affordable Con: - poor presentation; connection issues and lack of depth on each slide - Virginia is a legacy thinker and used her time like a commercial - Host was forced to monopolize speaking time due to connection issues Even though this course concept is focused on the “behind-the-scenes” area of space industry, i.e. the terrestrial portion, a well rounded multidisciplinary workforce is a must if space endeavors are to succeed. So the collaboration between Igor and Nicolas can only be a positive thing. The detractor is with what Virginia projected. She doesn’t see humanity on Mars before the 2040’s and her statement (paraphrased) “…we don’t need scientists and engineers, we need designers and artists” is the most nepotistic and legacy verbal diarrhea in this quarter old century. If that type of necrotic thinking is allowed to persist, then ISU will just end up producing NASA Artemis and Boeing starliner failures.

Thank you so much! I do too my friend. We just have to hang in there a bit longer.

I will be honest here and admit that I also had trouble getting through the later books and am looking for the series to catch me up :-) Same with Dune... three books is about my limit.