Mystery of Prince Rupert's Drop at 130,000 fps - Smarter Every Day 86
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- čas přidán 21. 03. 2013
- "Goggle Up! Science is about to happen...Share by Tweet: bit.ly/YAsk8M Facebook: bit.ly/PrinceRupert
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Please help me justify putting this much time and effort into a video by clicking "LIKE" and SHARING this as much as possible. Click the following: Tweet: bit.ly/TweetRupert Facebook: bit.ly/PrinceRupert Please share with any science blogs or outlets you think would enjoy it.
Videos like this don't just happen. They require lots of time, and lots of favors from very smart and kind people willing to help me and you learn. PLEASE take a moment and read the following information and support those who supported me.
This is the camera we used for the ultra-high speed shots. It has the "FAST" option.
www.visionresearch.com/v16102/
You absolutely have to check out the stuff Cal Makes. We're just goofing off in this video, but the guy is some type of glass wizard genius. It would make me happy if you bought something from him and he felt like the audience appreciated all the time he donated to this video. He basically gave me 2 entire nights of his entire shop.
orbixhotglass.com/
I feel like we're friends at this point, and he is open to the idea of doing more videos in the future and teach me more about what he knows about glass. Let's make it worth his time.
I'm a HUGE FAN of the song Gordon wrote for this video. His landlord would really appreciated if you downloaded it so he could make rent this month.
ashellinthepit.bandcamp.com/tr...
It looks like he's assembling a new album that I may like more than Mammals:
ashellinthepit.bandcamp.com/al...
Show him some love.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
This video involved about 2 months of research, and me reaching out to several individuals. I would like to thank everyone who took time out of their schedule to contribute to my wacky research. A big thanks to the following people:
My wife and kids. I'm sorry this took so long and I wasn't the kind of active father I want to be during the 5 weeks it took to make this.
Dr. Martyn Poliakoff for getting me access to documents which details experiments on the Prince Rupert's Drop by the Royal Society
rsnr.royalsocietypublishing.or... (behind a pay wall)
Being able to calculate the failure front velocity of a Prince Rupert's drop is a pretty big deal. For years this was a scientific mystery. High speed camera technology is only recently fast enough to provide data like this. Thanks to Vision Research for letting me use the V1610 to try to unravel this mystery for the public in general.
Rob Kuefner for reaching out to me and offering to convert certain equations into LaTeX format for me.
Dr. Jeff Evans from UAH. A friend and neighbor who just happens to have a PhD and be an expert in fracture mechanics. bit.ly/YLezDA Thank you for helping me by pointing me in the right direction in the early stages of my research. It's time we hangout again.
Brian: thanks for letting me use your green screen and telling me about Orbix in the first place. I stayed up there til about 1 or 2 am two nights in a row acting stupid in front of of the camera all alone. Now that I look back at that footage without the context of this video, it's all very strange.
Thanks to Loïc Samuel for taking time to make the custom TNT Degradation graphic!
P.S. There was some old guy walking around the track at the park when I was filming me jumping on the bridge railing. I'm pretty sure you kept walking until I was done just to make sure you wouldn't have to take me to the hospital if I broke my leg. I'll never meet you again, but I'm grateful for this kind gesture you didn't know I noticed.
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Tweet ideas to me @SmarterCZcams
Instead of saving for my kids' college, I make videos using the money I would have saved.
The thought is it will help educate the world as a whole, and one day generate enough revenue to pay for their education. Until then if you appreciate what you've learned in this video and the effort that went in to it, please SHARE THE VIDEO! - Věda a technologie
So what you're saying is, if you somehow made a Rupert's Drop with a mile-long tail, it would still take less than a second for the whole thing to explode?
Yes. By the way: The ISS orbits the Earth at almost 7 times the speed of failure front :D
The logistics of making a mile-long Rupert's drop would be hilarious.
z beeblebrox what if the water to cool was boiling water?, and what if they used ice water ?
Think they may work
If the boiling water was used it would slow down the cooling and the molecular bond should be stronger .?
At least it works that way with springs for race cars . We heat the springs and let them cool down very slowly in steel buckets of super fine sand.
how are you gonna do that
the "shockwave" would go through the drop at sound speed
Prince Rupert, I don't feel so good...
That was clever.
😭
DARK APPERITION oh god puns
lol
please explain 🤔
I love how you're casually holding exploding glass without gloves.
Or lung protection
Rs😂😂💯
I like how the owner of the glass shop turns his face away from the exploding glass, exposing his ear canal to all the tiny bits of glass shrapnel exploding towards him.
@@sgtjohnson49 is that not better than glass in your eyes?
@@higaddrip2583 it'd be better to wear eye protection, preferably a face shield, considering they're deliberating exploding glass. Then you don't have to expose your eyes or your ear canals to said exploding glass.
Said a million times but THIS is EXACTLY what CZcams was made for. Thank you so much Destin, so so much. You're a legend.
Hey, is that Mark Anthony?
Yes
3:22 OOOHHHH so this is why some glass looks rainbowish when you wear polarized sunglasses. I've always wondered
Yes. Usually side windows on a car will have rainbows or patterns in them, it is tempered glass. While the windshield never has that effect because it's regular glass.
Great observation!
Nice observation indeed
My tints in my car do this
I absolutely loved the explanation with all the mini you's
The best xD
Facts
3:26
Haha that was a perfect explanation!
Honestly made it so much easier to hmderstand
can we appreciate how he filmed himself using 3 different colored shirts just for us to get smarter.... youre the best man
He did that so we could get smarter...every day.
This is one of the best videos I've seen, in every category.
Short and to the point, yet comprehensive, clear, wonderfully illustrated and animated, funny, creative...
That's the kinda stuff that made me subscribe to this channel.
What we take for granted here is the effort and care put on an educational video for us curious people. All power to you!
Omg I love that animation just him crouching made me start dying in laughter
This is still one of my favorite science videos in 2019.
6:05 i wonder where prince rupert lives now
finland
Seven year old video
Grave
obviously he is King Rupert by now.....
0:45 "Kind of looks like a tadpole" Yup. A tadpole. That's what I was thinking too...
you just ruined the joke...
Sean Kratovil-Lavelle hahahaha
there's always that one guy who has to try and ruin the joke lol
SPEEERRRMM
spermm
Hydraulic Press vs Rupert drop
it's been done already. search for it
OfelieArt
look it up, theres already a video of it on youtube. it's amazing. spoiler alert:
it dents the press :O
20 tons of pressure
yes
OfelieArt
It will break. There's a vid of it somewhere
So since the front is moving faster than the speed of sound, I wonder if this could be considered a detonation instead of an explosion.
The speed of sound in glass is about 2500 m/s, so not as fast. BTW, detonation is a type of explosion, but we have more profound semantic problems here - it's not clear where the rapid increase in volume occurs here, the usual definition of explosion. Just a lot of fracturing going on. The fracture of brittle materials is classically treated as governed by the strain energy required to create the fracture surfaces. That is, the energy goes into creating surface energy. Obviously, some energy is going to propelling all the bits, and is transferred to air as kinetic energy and an earth-shattering KABOOM!
@@curtaustin8119 that was a great and clear explanation, thank you!!!
I'm surprised government didn't weaponize it
@@nottoday3878 This kind of thing seems very hard to weaponize
I can't believe this video is almost 9 years old.... I remember when this video came out. I'm still here watching and getting smartereveryday since this. Thank you Destin.
How did i get here from watching someone drop a red hot ball of nickel on ice?
Omfg, dont tell me from 9gag as well. I was watching RHNB before this too.
lol
Same here
EpsilonBTS I'm not sure but I want to see the nickel on ice. Link? LOL
EpsilonBTS linkage
Prince Rupert's Drop!
Great ... excellent ... brilliant.
Thanks for your videos ... i love them.
I'm physics teacher in Portugal and use them in my classes.
Keep it up.
Hey, my name is Evan, and i was watching this video and started thinking,,,what would happen if you tried to reliquify the tail end. or the head of one of those drops. would it explode? or just melt?
Thanks for all the awesome videos, and the true love for science. I hope to hear back from you soon!
-Evan
So if you manage to drop a semi spherical gob of molten glass in the water... it wouldn't have a tail to break from right? you could make ball bearings and really hard ornaments...
loved the video! can you make a video of how a spider climbs its string? because the other day I found a spider hanging from its own thread that he wrapped around a pole, and if you look real close, it looked like his legs were not touching the string! his insides were pulling the string and letting go of it to lower.
Sometimes, you never know what you want to learn until you learn it. This was incredibly interesting. Thank you. Learn everything you can fellow people!
I finally came back to watch this video when I heard you call your cat Prince Rupert in a video. Love both this phenomenon and the cat, but I *especially* love the oldschool Bill Nye vibes the little color-coded tensile-strength Destins were giving off. I always appreciate a good visual aid, haha.
Best explanation ever! Love the way you explain such complex scientific phenomena with creative and easy to understand methods. I feel bad for my Physics teacher now.
The way you animated/ described the reasoning behind the forces inside the drop was excellent! Very easy to understand
I could not have found a better video explaining this. Loved it!
4:32 before Microscopes, people thought sperm looked like this, men in tiny capsules that made people
yes their called hymen heads
Wait, that’s not how it works?!
@@sergetys no, it is. I was just lying...
@@snailsaredumb9412 oh, thank god. Phew! Was a close one.
I got very spermy vibes from this part in particular
what if you put a prince rupert's drop under a 100 ton press? would it break then? sounds like a job for hydraulic press channel
Been done, the drop doesn't break
that was a lead base. :/
I'm pretty sure it would break, and you'd need far less than 100 tons.
it is done already ;) i found it on two channels at least :)
search prince rupert's drop here on youtube. You will find the video that he did this. And the exploded in 20ton press.
Humanity should try to make a Prince Rupert Drop that is 3 kilometers long, and just shatter it just for the LOLz.
donbasuradenuevo it would take 2 seconds to go from one end to the other,
i would enjoy watching it in slow motion... @diego
Diego Sanchez it would actually take 502.7 microseconds (if you don't factor in deceleration) that's 0.0005s
Deceleration because of the energy released in the tail?
May it be characterized as a frozen explosion? All of the internal tension waiting to be released due to the rapid cooling?
One of the best explanations so far, well done!
I'm interested in the two questions asked earlier: 1) What WOULD happen if it were to be cooled in liquid nitrogen? And 2) As the molten glass dripped, could it perhaps be quickly clipped off in order to create more of a round shape than a drop?
Good questions especially the second one
I think it wouldn't differ much because the difference in temperature between molten glass (1400-1600°C) and water (20°C) and between molten glass and liquid nitrogen (-200°C) isn't that great.
yea water's specific heat is 4.186 joule/gram °C and liquid nitrogen's S.H. is 2.04 j/g C so it would "hold" less heat per unit mass before increasing in temperature. so it would not do as well cooling the whole glass drop as water would. I suspect that the surface would cool faster(only because it can achieve a lower temperature than water while staying a liquid) but then the heated nitrogen would turn to gas and form barrier between the bulb and the rest of the liquid and ultimately make the cooling process slower.
+Wesley Smith Perhaps if the Leidenfrost effect could be negated, the cooling would occur far more rapidly. I wonder if the water were to be put under enormous pressure, the liquid would be forced into direct contact with the glass?
Great questions. What is actually happening here is you are creating tempered glass. The only thing required to make the glass tempered is the rapid cooling of it which hardens the outside first, so it should be the exact same regardless of if you do it in liquid nitrogen, water, or oil (like they use for metals). I think the only difference is 'how' tempered it is. The colder ones may make them explode faster where the slower cooling ones may only make it shatter, but not explode.
Now if you made it more round, it'd be the exact same thing and have the exact same properties just without a tail. Both are tempered glass, just they have different shapes. The TV show Hacking the System had a really interesting demonstration of this. They had the side windows of a car (made from tempered glass) and tried to smash them with a hammer to no avail. Then he took a tiny ceramic bit from the spark plug and tossed it at the glass and it shattered into a million pieces.
Very cool! As a fellow Southerner, I have to say that one thing I like about this video is that it illustrates the fact that a Southern accent is not synonymous with ignorance. Great job with explaining the science with good visualizations and some comic relief too :-)
Many years ago I was employed as a scientific glass blower this is where I first
encounter these. I made many of them smaller ones seemed even more indestructible.
As one may expect the quality of the drop varies with the glass type used. Low
expatiation glass like Pyrex is poor while a much higher expansion lead glass yields
good results like those seen in the video.
Long time follower of this channel, Dustin is a great teacher and the way he explains things with the videos makes them fun to watch and easy to understand. I was able to get my girlfriend off of Instagram for almost the hole video because she found it interesting. Thanks Dustin.
QUESTION
What happens if you re-heat the tail end of the drop? Can you melt it down to more of an egg shape, preserving the strength, or will melting cause it to explode?
ZombieTex
Likely the melting would cause failure, because it would re-liquefy the glass molecules, thus allowing them to release their energy, causing the chained explosion.
ZombieTex Can we make a bomb with this? I mean pack a lot of them into a vacuum sealed chamber with oxygen canisters and flammable fuel. Upon impact oxygen is release and mix with those exploding glass powder and flame...Just wondering
Calvin Pham I feel like you're on some sort of list for this comment
This is a scientific question. It is difficult to make that many drops, and it's probably expensive. The internal explosion travels faster than a bullet. I don't think terrorist would want to build a furnace big enough for it. Risky to pack them, since one mishaps will trigger the rest to blow.
kendo512 I'm probably on a lot of lists for a lot of reasons :)
would a prince Rupert's drop in space not having a tail be indestructible?
But the tail is from it dropping into the water, not the air. But in space there is no gravity so you will put it into water not drop it. therefor no tail but it "only" works in 0g.
so would you have to inject the glass into the water somehow? IT needs the insta-cool of the speed of gravity pulling into the water doesnt it?
How do you inject glass? Theres gotta be a way? Wouldnt there be a tail there too though?
Arg science
Ben Masta a
In a 0g environment, the molten glass can be suspended then the water can be moved to the glass rather than the glass to the water.
The ball end is NOT indestructable. It's just hard to break it without breaking the tail first
Your videos are always so informative and interesting!
5:13 Mr.Stark, I don’t feel so good
Lol
Stolen
This is fascinating. Thank you for posting this. I really do feel smarter now.
Beautiful. Science is beautiful. Love your passion for it.
I absolutely also love your explanation with the mini you! HAHAHAHA SO CUTE
That video was fantastic. That was so interesting. Keep up the great work.
You would make an amazing science teacher! You make it easy to understand and a lot of fun. Keep em coming!
What happens if you make one that's way bigger?
The exact same thing. Only that the breaking point/exploding point is far more away from the tip of the Drop.
RedHawk Gamer
Bigger explosion and more fun
Duxx Skuxx bigger explosion and possibly death😂
Actually, I think it may collapse under its own tension because when it's bigger, you have less surface area to more volume, means less surface has to support more inside tension
then u have a bigger prince ruperts drop.
Its crazy to think thatDestin's videos that were made in 2013 has better quality than most of todays videos.
He makes great stuff and he’s been ahead of the game in doing so
Nerds ftw 🎉
Really cool stuff , awesome great video !! Thanks for showing , how truly interesting facts that make the world remarkable.
This combination of principles and properties being explored and viewed at such high fps is like in itself art or animation that is so beyond awesome.. I really like the way you explain what is happening and why, step by step.
Science + humor =fun learning! This was awesome 👏🏼
These videos never get old. I've shown everyone. Never gets old!
Thank you very much for the visualization I was able to watch it without sound and understand.
I found about this channel just today, but the cat convinced me. I have subscribed.
so when that exploded, shouldn't he have had gloves on? It seems like there would be little shards flying into everything exposed.
All the shards are basically the size of dust particles.
+TheGreenPanda I have a share of glass in my foot right now. IDGAF how small the pieces allegedly are, I bet you wouldn't walk around barefoot on that patio.
no he shouldnt.
+MilkiKiki i probably would
Do you even know how to swim?
Just learned something new today, Well two things actually. The prince Rupert's drop and the amount of work that goes into making a short video. Thanks for that.
the explanation made me understand so much more i wish they explained stuff at school like that
I want to see Prince Rupert's Drop made in no gravity enviroment, without a tail...
+Jacek J that's actually very smart!!
+Jacek J If you want a perfectly spherical one you can do that on earth, just need to drop it from a very high height, that's how lead shot or ball bearings are made, liquid falling turns into a sphere (rather than what is thought as a "rain drop" shape)
+skittyzed any idea what sort of height you'd be dealing with? The molten glass seems pretty viscous, it may take a while to round itself out.
Too high and you'd have to worry about it cooling on the way down.
Experiment design:
1) get a tube made of a very heat resistant material (open at both ends),
2) at the bottom have a compressed gas torch or torch + air jet that will be enough to keep a drop of glass suspended and molten in the tube.
3) drop some glass in the top and let it "fall" long enough to round out.
4) quickly remove torch/air and let it fall out the bottom of the tube into a water bath.
+Jacek J First thing I thought of when I saw a prince ruperts drop for the first time.. I'd love to see this as well.
+mike noden - What you seem to be discussing involves magnetism. Put a high powere magnet through a tube of copper and it slows down. this technically can be done to a point where the magnet will almost if not fully suspend = balanced rounding out - unsure ref the magnet being inside as magnets dont like heat it disrupts them but i'm sure there is a way of combining both ideas and your experiment working :)
I want to see a price Rupert drop shatter under water in slow mo
Great are His works indeed, shown both through the wonders in nature and science, and Cal's artistic talent!
Great video, super cool to learn about awesome things like this in a short video. 😎✨
I understand your videos so much and learn so much and put them in context in my brain 🧠 to the reality of life and gravity etc .. lol keep up the good work
3:26 perfect explanation! Loved it!
We should make a mile-long Prince Rupert's drop to see it explode in less than a second.
I'm happy to see that your production quality has improved over the years, 2021.
Amazing video!! I wanted to see in slow mo the reaction of the drop when hitting the cold water.
"Goggle up. Science is about to happen" . Ha! love it!
when I was a kid doing a "science experiment" I used to say "Goggles on!" and now it's a joke in my family...
LOVE your videos, learned about the PR drop, NEVER stop learning! But, please, use airway protection too. Those shards are easy to inhale.
I am also a huge fan of the song in this video! I'm going to download it now!
Never heard or even seen this before. Every day is a school day. Go Prince Rupert!
neat trick with all the little mini yous going on there. but i bet buying all those red blue and grey shirts cost alot.
uhhhhh he only bought 1 pair of each color lol
that was a joke you dummie
Bet it cost even more to clone himself that many times
Not to think of all the food consumption. Man, I don't think this is very sustainable.
May be he purchased only one tshirt and editing does all that
Great video, interesting stuff but really well put together as well.
6:25, the tension’s killing me, lol
Thank you for this demonstration. This actually led me to look up arch bridges and how they work, which are a marvel of early engineering and should be required reading in any introduction to engineering or physics course.
Question: Is it possible to MELT off the tail of the Rupert's drop, without causing the shattering effect? Or would it still shatter?
If you could have just the heads of the Rupert drops, wouldn't that have great ballistic properties, or is this manufacturing process already being applied to cellphone screens, just in a different manner?
Someone posted a short where they melted the tail off a Prince Rupert's drop. It didn't explode, surprisingly, but the resultant blob of glass is still ridiculously strong and probably indestructible
What manner of sorcery is this
1k magina
Tis' not magic, but purity of will.
1b+
Physics granpa. It's physics.
I deliver thee unto death
Being a glazier, I have to ask, "No gloves? Really?". Glass splinters are the worst!
Thanks for all the lovely content you make for all of us
you really give everything.. this acting as red grey and blue glass molecules was hilarious
I hate how entertaining these videos are.
Why?
Skeletor Jopko because of how much time you waste on them
This is fascinating! Thanks for the video, I had no idea that such a thing existed, but it's amazing to watch!
~Trav
This was friggin awesome. So mad that I can't click the thumbs up button more than once!!
This explains what happened me when I tried to to replace my glass oven door but salvaging an old oven door and trying to cut the glass to fit using a grinder. I was able to grind lightly and thought I was making progress and then bang, like a chain reaction the entire sheet decimated. Now I know. Thanks.
I am apparently late to the party, but glad I made it! this is awesome!
I love this channel.
Yeah Destin has some really good videos.
Most are great for kids too. My daughter loves them.
4:00 this animation is everything
This video is CRAZY interesting. Thank you so much!
I am just now finding out about this Prince Ruperts Drop from watching a few of your videos. WOW! AMAZING!!!!!!!
so if i made a mile-long prince rupert's drop, it would break in 1 second?
yes
+Metal Marauder uhm, why are you questioning this? it has literally been asked 4 months prior to you. is it just for comedic value? or for the comments?
***** i was just curious. sorry i didn't check all the comments first
The thing is, the Exaxt same question was asked and i think its in the top 10 comments. Thats why i was wondering. Fun fact, that comment was literally right above yours. For me at least...
***** well i didn't look
Do prince Albert next bro! hahahahahahaha
My Dad sent me the link to this video 2 years ago. I never looked at the link at the time. Caught up In my own bubble; work, kids, life.
I’ve clicked on his link today, which is the first anniversary since he died.
Thanks for the link Dad. As you said, it’s very interesting.
Rest In Peace. I miss you.
So if I make a mile long rupert's drop, it'd only take about a second to explode?
yup
+Poo Face Don't you have to consider that the speed of sound is much higher in different materials? 1234km/h are just the speed of sound in air. The speed of sound in glass should be around 14200km/h
+Poo Face Measure the wave lengths in longitudinal direction. From that you can calculate the speed of sound. For glas it should be arround 5000m/s (=18,000km/h = 11,184mph).
+Poo Face Also temperature and pressure.
Of course we're talking approximates here :)
After all the explanations he did for the Rupert Drop. What I got was "hmmm, it's hard"
I'm not interested in the glass breaking, I'm interested how they don't get their hands pierced by the glass.
Probably because the shards are too small maybe
@@Shampoid Wouldn't tiny pieces be worse though? Like they could enter cavities like nostrils and ears... can someone answer whether or not it would actually be pretty hazardous without protection?
@@veggielovers7502 maybe if its as small as most sand particles it wouldnt be dangerous
@@Shampoid But how? You don't have to answer but tiny pieces of glass could easily rupture blood vessels, cause internal bleeding, etc., i imagine
Veggie Lovers I think the glass shards are still too heavy to breathe in.
That’d explain why this guy didn’t use protection at least, considering he’s meant to be a professional.
Too small to pierce skin, but too heavy to float in the air.
Even 7 years ago, this channel was awesome.
Now I wanna see a 100ft tall version and then cut the tail
Key dox that would be hard to clean up
StickMation! It would be hard to make in the first place
Thats called a bomb
@@56independent42 not if ur behind unbreakable *_Glass_*
Does a 30m long one serve too?
I'm guessing the Death Star was built the same way.
Thank you! The " tension Destins" were so funny!!
Enjoyed the video. Thanks for sharing!
Why are the glass fragments don't harm your fingers or skin while exploding? Aren't they sharp as hell?
As Jackson said, this sort of 'break' sort-of just disintegrates the entire thing.
Future mode of transportation--train car inside of a giant decompressing Rupert's drop.
As you're inside, accelerating toward the Rupert's drop - "Railway ahead is warming up........ railway ahead is super-cooling....... explosive decompression in 3... 2... 1..."
Absolutely love your channel
I enjoy the way u explain this.good work brotha
I wanna play with molten glass now... -_-
The inside is molten but as soon as it touches the air it cools instantly
SoliderCraft203 No, that is definitely not the case. A state of molten glass would require heat, which would be immediately transfered through atmosphere. It is completely cool.
At nearly mach 5, there has to be a small scale sonic boom with each one broken. Cool stuff!
Nearly 2000 dislikes I just don’t understand that. How could you dislike this video. Was it because he thought when making it they were the first ones to do it but we’re wrong I would be interested to find out why people disliked it. This is right up there with electrical theory and speed of light stuff. Thank you for the video.
The good job; let's try it again but this time maybe use Obsidian and Green desert glass.
Also when lighting strikes the desert sands it makes glass.
I wonder if an Obsidian Ruperts Drop will hold up any better against a rifle bullet?
Food for thought I like what you have done so far.
thank you
peace
Would love to see nail clipping at extreme fps! (Depending on the cleanliness of the nail)