What is Logic?
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- čas přidán 27. 08. 2016
- Introduction to Aristotle's contributions to logic are explored in PART 3 of our series on Computer Science. This video explains: deduction, abstraction, law of non contradiction & syllogisms. Please support this program: / artoftheproblem
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people watching this video and reading my comment let me tell you we have stumbled across a true gem if you are reading this comment just share this video with one person. I bet we can make a difference.This is seriously underrated.
thanks so much for your kind words
true... it should have more views. it just opens our mind, how we think...
Well written and well illustrated.
A bunch of interesting and familiar examples to engage the viewer to teach them something worth learning.
Bravo.
I love these videos, thank you so much for making them
Same :)
In answer to your final question: Are there some true statements which are out of the reach of logic? Yes, as Kurt Gödel's incompleteness theorems demonstrated. Gödel's initial insight came in response to his attempt to answer Hilbert’s second problem - which challenged mathematicians to prove the consistency of the axioms of arithmetic. Gödel demonstrated that such a proof was not possible in his first incompleteness theorem which demonstrated that systems having at least the properties of Peano arithmetic cannot be both complete and consistent. Furthermore, his second incompleteness theorem shows that no system with such properties can be proved consistent within itself, unless it is an inconsistent system thus the properties of Peano arithmetic cannot be both complete and consistent. Sorry this is TMI, but I love this stuff and I could not resist answering your last question...
Thanks for this comment from 5 years ago haha. Fascinating stuff. I'm a young man considering going into philosophy or similar fields.
Excellent explanation, thank you.
Awesome as always!
great videos, keep up the great work!
You can learn about the external world, but apart from that, you can also learn about your internal world, a part of the human experience that is often neglected.
Best one yet
I just loveeeeeee your channel! getting addicted to you!
awesome
So Aristotle invented the computer! Im not a CS major/programmer but you finally made me realize why the types of logic gates are And/XOR/ect…
Your last question, i’d say pain and qualia in general. Pain is undesirable or pain feels bad is probably a truth statement that is beyond logic 🤷🏼♂️ its also what i think will be the major problem of Ai and consciousness.
love it!!
I was finding this video in internet for 5yrs . I watched the video remembered some content but forgot the thumbnail or the name .. finally found it🌟
yay i loved making this one!!
Nice work, Brit, as always. Very much looking forward to your beautiful and eerie descriptions of our world ;) By the way, quick question, how familiar are you with Alan Watts?
Not familiar at all, looking him up now. Suggestions on where to start?
So next video on Gödel's incompleteness theorems?
We'll visit Gödel along the way but his key contribution to this episode will come later, in a letter he wrote to Von Neumann about computational growth curves.
+Art of the Problem I wish I didn't have to wait for the next episode. :) :-o
Keep on doing videos - they are an awesome source for a super important topic 👍👍👍
Gödels incompleteness theorem of course would be a perfect fit
Can you please put english subtitles???
Your channel is great
Thank you for sharing
glad people still find this one
Are you going to make a video on the formal mathematical notation for logic?
Like $p \vee q \wedge r$ and so on.
I think predictions using minimum description length and a load of data is the limit.
Watching in 2020. This video is SO underrated.
glad to hear people are finding this still
Is there a connection between Aristotle's category theory and modern mathematical category theory? There seems to be composition, and there is probably also identity, since we can use that to say trivial things like all humans are human.
Is that why category theory is called category theory?
Underrated
Holy shnikies this is the best description of logic I've evah seen! 😳
glad you found these videos, appreciate the feedback
Logic is the art of non-contradictory identification.
"All thinking is a process of identification and integration. Man perceives a blob of color; by integrating the evidence of his sight and his touch, he learns to identify it as a solid object; he learns to identify the object as a table; he learns that the table is made of wood; he learns that the wood consists of cells, that the cells consist of molecules, that the molecules consist of atoms. All through this process, the work of his mind consists of answers to a single question: What is it? His means to establish the truth of his answers is logic, and logic rests on the axiom that existence exists. Logic is the art of non-contradictory identification. A contradiction cannot exist. An atom is itself, and so is the universe; neither can contradict its own identity; nor can a part contradict the whole. No concept man forms is valid unless he integrates it without contradiction into the total sum of his knowledge. To arrive at a contradiction is to confess an error in one’s thinking; to maintain a contradiction is to abdicate one’s mind and to evict oneself from the realm of reality." aynrandlexicon.com/lexicon/logic.html
"According to Objectivism, concepts “represent classifications of observed existents according to their relationships to other observed existents.” (Ayn Rand, Introduction to Objectivist Epistemology; all further quotations in this section, unless otherwise identified, are from this work.) To form a concept, one mentally isolates a group of concretes (of distinct perceptual units), on the basis of observed similarities which distinguish them from all other known concretes (similarity is “the relationship between two or more existents which possess the same characteristic(s), but in different measure or degree”); then, by a process of omitting the particular measurements of these concretes, one integrates them into a single new mental unit: the concept, which subsumes all concretes of this kind (a potentially unlimited number). The integration is completed and retained by the selection of a perceptual symbol (a word) to designate it. “A concept is a mental integration of two or more units possessing the same distinguishing characteristic(s), with their particular measurements omitted.”
aynrandlexicon.com/lexicon/concept-formation.html
mughat In sum, you can base logic on concrete principals, that is, to the extent to one’s own knowledge. Correct?
You're famous! Was recommended this video by my discrete mathematics lecturer :P
sweet thanks for telling me
Hmm sounds like we need some kind of critique, possibly of pure reason.
Aristotle discovered the first known linear equation
Brilliant soundtrack
thanks for your feedback Natalya
loved it
glad you enjoyed, please share!
I love Philosophy
So what about Logic systems where something can be True and False, maybe even more states, at once?
is it possible to elaborate on first and second order logics in a new vid ?
thanks for suggestion, i'll think about this
Ignore the naysayers. Awesome videos!
did you mean satisfiability question at the end? or something else?
I think he means incompleteness theorem of godel.
+Fatih Erdem Kızılkaya Yeah probably, or something closely related to that which is Turing's Halting Problem.
+Yoppy Halilintar I love how people that already know about these kind of stuff watch these videos. It seems pointless, but I guess a good presentation makes you want to listen things about you already know.
+Fatih Erdem Kızılkaya There's always a good amount food for thought embedded in everything we could observe. It's about perspective man, imagine a world where anyone could simply understand each other through appreciation of each other's world view.
what is the sound of one hand clapping?
TheSagitax
Fapping
Hy! To me i feel tht, thtz how itz exactly how itz suppoesd too be...
The best videos on computing i hv watched ever.
Would like to contribute to ur work on making these videos, i m from india. Unfortunately i cant access patreon. How can i contribute, pls let me know. Also can i get ur email id. Thankyou so much
Hey Mitesh, please shoot me an e-mail britjcruise@gmail.com
so beautiful
At 7:00 paused to write
Logic is a truth concept if when modeled in a sequence and pattern mirrors what I'm looking for
A rapper... that's who logic is
If all A is B, and all B is C, then all A is C. If at least 1 A is B, and at least 1 B is C, then ... oh that formula doesn't work.
7:50 Yes, there are. For logic we always have to begin with something.
I don't believe that's what he's referring to. He seems more focused on deductive reasoning. Which means, as others have said, he's probably talking about Godel's Incompleteness Theorems. What you're thinking of is the problem of induction.
I take this in school...
An abstract concept is one that does not appear to the mind as the image of some object. So the thought of a "tree" is not an abstract concept, it is a concrete one. Concepts like "hope," "decency," and "time" are abstract concepts.
People use "abstract" in both of these ways, however mathematicians / computer scientists / logicians seem to usually use "abstract" and "abstraction" as used in this video. For example in my first computer science class I was taught that an "abstraction" was a symbolic representation of some object or idea.
Just want to point out that the ship of theseus demonstrates how even seemingly concrete concepts are not concrete at all.
2019?
Close your eyes. What do you feel ? It's calling to you. Can you hear it ? Listen ... cheeseburger.
Logic is the best rapper in the game rn
from 7:50 and on? he say: " ------- are there some true statements that are ---> ? alderreach?
"out of reach"
Logic is a rapper
How itz suppose to be, NO other way at all. Anyone?
There are tree people
Are you done with computer science episode? Why didn't you add this to the playlist? And why were your last two videos so dull? I mean, your first video on computer science was so authentic and inspiring, but the last two are just pen and paper.
I know some registered democrats that need to watch this.
A social construct.
This CZcams comment is false.
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"Are there some *true* statements which are out of reach of logic?" No, the moment you say it's true, then you applied logic to it.
Without God you cannot even reason and logic