Juan Maldacena - Why is Quantum Gravity Key?
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- čas přidán 21. 10. 2020
- Quantum theory explains the microworld. General relativity, discovered by Einstein, explains gravity and the structure of the universe. The problem is that the two are not friends; they do not get along, they are not compatible. But they must. That's the task of quantum gravity.
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Juan Martín Maldacena is an Argentine-American theoretical physicist and a professor at the Institute for Advanced Study’s School of Natural Sciences in Princeton, New Jersey.
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This guy can´t talk emptily. He always goes straight to the point. Very refreshing.
Yep! Maldacena is not in narratives, yet calmly exactly to the points
@@dankurth4232 THE CLEAR, BALANCED, AND UNDENIABLE PROOF OF THE FACT THAT E=MC2 IS F=MA:
E=mc2 IS F=ma. With the MIDDLE DISTANCE in/of SPACE AND the FULL DISTANCE in/of SPACE in fundamental equilibrium AND BALANCE, a given PLANET (INCLUDING WHAT IS THE EARTH) necessarily sweeps out EQUAL AREAS in equal times in accordance with perpetual motion AND the UNIVERSAL fact that E=MC2 IS F=ma; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy is then CLEARLY proven to be gravity. Gravity IS ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy. INSTANTANEITY is thus FUNDAMENTAL to what is the FULL and proper UNDERSTANDING of physics/physical experience, AS E=MC2 IS F=ma IN BALANCE. Importantly, BALANCE and completeness go hand in hand.
Time DILATION ULTIMATELY proves ON BALANCE that ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy is gravity, as E=mc2 IS F=ma. This NECESSARILY represents, INVOLVES, AND DESCRIBES what is possible/potential AND actual IN BALANCE. Ultimately and truly, TIME is NECESSARILY possible/potential AND actual IN BALANCE; AS E=mc2 IS F=ma; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. TIME CLEARLY necessitates and proves (ON BALANCE) that E=mc2 IS F=ma, AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. Gravity IS ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy. Great.
OVERLAY what is THE EYE in BALANCED RELATION to/WITH what is THE EARTH. Notice the black space of THE EYE. The stars AND PLANETS are POINTS in the night sky. THE DOME of a person's EYE is ALSO VISIBLE. Now, carefully consider what is the semi-spherical, translucent, QUANTUM GRAVITATIONAL, AND BLUE SKY. Great. E=mc2 IS F=ma. It is CLEAR. The BALANCE of being AND EXPERIENCE is essential. What is THE EYE is ALSO the body ON BALANCE. Objects fall at the SAME RATE (neglecting air resistance, of course), AS E=mc2 IS F=ma; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy is gravity. Great !!! The EARTH/ground CLEARLY constitutes what is the FULL DISTANCE in/of SPACE. Now consider what is the blue sky. The Earth is ALSO BLUE as water. Gravity AND ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy are linked AND BALANCED opposites, AS E=MC2 IS F=ma; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy is gravity. GREAT. This NECESSARILY represents, INVOLVES, AND DESCRIBES what is possible/potential AND actual IN BALANCE. Now, VERY CAREFULLY consider what is BALANCED BODILY/VISUAL EXPERIENCE. Great !!!!
Time DILATION ULTIMATELY proves (ON BALANCE) that E=mc2 IS F=ma, AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. Gravity/acceleration involves BALANCED inertia/INERTIAL RESISTANCE, AS E=mc2 IS F=ma; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy is gravity. (Accordingly, the rotation of WHAT IS THE MOON matches it's revolution; AND the Moon is necessarily fixed or basically constant in it's form and shape.) "Mass"/ENERGY involves BALANCED inertia/INERTIAL RESISTANCE consistent with/AS what is BALANCED electromagnetic/gravitational force/ENERGY, AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY; AS E=mc2 IS F=ma. (Energy has/involves GRAVITY, AND ENERGY has/involves inertia/INERTIAL RESISTANCE.) E=MC2 IS F=ma as what is the middle distance in/of SPACE in BALANCED RELATION to/WITH what is the FULL DISTANCE in/of SPACE, AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy is gravity. So, gravity IS ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy. Great. The stars AND PLANETS are POINTS in the night sky. GRAVITATIONAL force/ENERGY IS proportional to (or BALANCED with/as) inertia/INERTIAL RESISTANCE, AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY; AS E=MC2 IS F=ma. Beautiful. Ultimately and truly, TIME is NECESSARILY possible/potential AND actual IN BALANCE; AS E=mc2 IS F=ma; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. GREAT. Gravity IS ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy. It ALL CLEARLY makes perfect sense. A PHOTON may be placed at the center of what is THE SUN (as A POINT, of course), AS the reduction of SPACE is offset by (or BALANCED with) the speed of light; AS E=mc2 IS F=ma; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy is gravity. Great.
THEREFORE:
E=MC2 AS F=MA CLEARLY PROVES (ON BALANCE) WHY AND HOW THE PROPER AND FULL UNDERSTANDING OF TIME (AND TIME DILATION) UNIVERSALLY ESTABLISHES THE FACT THAT ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY:
A PHOTON may be placed at the center of what is THE SUN (as A POINT, of course), AS the reduction of SPACE is offset by (or BALANCED with) the speed of light; AS E=mc2 IS F=ma; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy is gravity. Indeed, the stars AND PLANETS are POINTS in the night sky. E=mc2 IS F=ma. Gravity IS ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy. Time DILATION ULTIMATELY proves ON BALANCE that ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy is GRAVITY, AS E=mc2 IS F=ma. Indeed, TIME is NECESSARILY possible/potential AND actual IN BALANCE; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY; AS E=MC2 IS F=MA. Great. "Mass"/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. E=mc2 IS F=ma. (Very importantly, outer "space" involves full inertia; AND it is fully invisible AND black.) BALANCE and completeness go hand in hand. It ALL CLEARLY makes perfect sense. I have mathematically unified physics/physical experience, as I have CLEARLY proven that E=mc2 IS F=ma in what is a truly universal and BALANCED fashion.
By Frank DiMeglio
@@frankdimeglio8216 This is nonsense. You need to learn the basics of scientific thinking if you want to be taken seriously. You are unable to think critically about your beliefs because, for some reason, you are so convinced that they are true.
@@faiselbutt2944 THE ULTIMATE (AND CLEAR) MATHEMATICAL UNIFICATION (AND PROOF) REGARDING PHYSICS/PHYSICAL EXPERIENCE IS NOW DEMONSTRATED, AS E=MC2 IS F=MA:
TIME DILATION ultimately proves (ON BALANCE) that E=mc2 IS F=ma, as ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy is gravity. This NECESSARILY represents, INVOLVES, AND DESCRIBES what is possible/potential AND actual IN BALANCE. (Importantly, balance and completeness go hand in hand.) The stars AND PLANETS are POINTS in the night sky. NOW, A PHOTON may be placed at the center of WHAT IS THE SUN (as A POINT, of course); AS the reduction of SPACE is offset by (or BALANCED with) the speed of light (c); AS E=mc2 IS F=ma; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. Indeed, ultimately and truly, TIME is NECESSARILY possible/potential AND actual IN BALANCE; AS E=MC2 IS F=MA; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. Very importantly, outer "space" involves full inertia; AND it is fully invisible AND black. GREAT. Accordingly, INSTANTANEITY is thus FUNDAMENTAL to what is the FULL and proper UNDERSTANDING of physics/PHYSICAL EXPERIENCE; AS E=mc2 IS F=ma; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy is gravity. It ALL CLEARLY makes perfect sense. Gravity IS ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy. E=mc2 IS F=ma. ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. E=MC2 IS F=MA. GREAT !!!
Gravity AND ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy are linked AND BALANCED opposites, AS E=mc2 is F=ma; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. Consider THE MAN who is standing on what is THE EARTH/GROUND. Touch AND feeling BLEND, AS E=mc2 IS F=ma; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. The stars AND PLANETS are POINTS in the night sky. GRAVITATIONAL force/ENERGY IS proportional to (or BALANCED with/as) inertia/INERTIAL RESISTANCE, AS E=mc2 IS F=ma; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. Gravity/acceleration involves BALANCED inertia/INERTIAL RESISTANCE, AS E=mc2 IS F=ma; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. Accordingly, the rotation of WHAT IS THE MOON matches it's revolution. Great. MOREOVER, a given PLANET (including what is THE EARTH) then sweeps out equal areas in equal times consistent WITH/AS F=ma, E=mc2, AND what is perpetual motion; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. Gravity IS ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy. INSTANTANEITY is thus FUNDAMENTAL to what is the FULL and proper UNDERSTANDING of physics/physical experience, AS E=mc2 IS F=ma; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. This NECESSARILY represents, INVOLVES, AND DESCRIBES what is possible/potential AND actual IN BALANCE. Stellar clustering ALSO proves ON BALANCE that E=mc2 IS F=ma, AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy is gravity. Objects (including WHAT IS the falling MAN) fall at the SAME RATE (neglecting air resistance, of course), as E=mc2 IS F=ma; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. "Mass"/energy is gravity. ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. E=mc2 IS F=ma. THE DOME of a PERSON'S EYE is ALSO VISIBLE. (Notice the flat AND black space of what is THE EYE.) The stars AND PLANETS are POINTS in the night sky. The sky is blue, AND the Earth is blue. THE EARTH/ground AND THE SUN are E=mc2 AND F=ma IN BALANCE, AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS UNIVERSALLY PROVEN TO BE GRAVITY in what is a mathematically unified fashion. E=mc2 IS F=ma. The middle distance in/of/AS SPACE AND the full distance in/of/AS SPACE are NECESSARILY linked AND balanced. MAGNIFICENT !!!!!!!!!! INSTANTANEITY IS thus FUNDAMENTAL to what is the FULL and proper UNDERSTANDING of physics/physical experience, AS E=mc2 IS F=ma; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. Gravity IS ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy. It is ALL CLEARLY proven. Again, the stars AND PLANETS are POINTS in the night sky. GREAT. Energy has/involves GRAVITY, AND ENERGY has/involves inertia/INERTIAL RESISTANCE.
GRAVITATIONAL force/ENERGY IS proportional to (or BALANCED with/as) inertia/INERTIAL RESISTANCE, AS E=mc2 IS F=ma; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. Gravity/acceleration involves BALANCED inertia/INERTIAL RESISTANCE, AS E=mc2 IS F=ma; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. It is all CLEARLY proven !!!!!!!! TIME is NECESSARILY possible/potential AND actual IN BALANCE, AS E=MC2 IS F=ma; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. Gravity IS ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy. GREAT !!!!!!!! BALANCE and completeness go hand in hand.
By Frank DiMeglio
@@dankurth4232 Astro-Physics Community (with 12,541 likes) has now given the following three writings the thumbs up. TOTAL PERFECTION:
E=MC2 AS F=MA CLEARLY PROVES (ON BALANCE) WHY AND HOW THE PROPER AND FULL UNDERSTANDING OF TIME (AND TIME DILATION) UNIVERSALLY ESTABLISHES THE FACT THAT ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY:
A PHOTON may be placed at the center of what is THE SUN (as A POINT, of course), AS the reduction of SPACE is offset by (or BALANCED with) the speed of light; AS E=mc2 IS F=ma; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy is gravity. Indeed, the stars AND PLANETS are POINTS in the night sky. E=mc2 IS F=ma. Gravity IS ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy. Time DILATION ULTIMATELY proves ON BALANCE that ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy is GRAVITY, AS E=mc2 IS F=ma. Indeed, TIME is NECESSARILY possible/potential AND actual IN BALANCE; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY; AS E=MC2 IS F=MA. Great. "Mass"/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. E=mc2 IS F=ma. (Very importantly, outer "space" involves full inertia; AND it is fully invisible AND black.) BALANCE and completeness go hand in hand. It ALL CLEARLY makes perfect sense. I have mathematically unified physics/physical experience, as I have CLEARLY proven that E=mc2 IS F=ma in what is a truly universal and BALANCED fashion.
By Frank DiMeglio
Mr. Boris Stoyanov is a super bright and an HONEST physicist. He has agreed that the following post is "crystal clear":
ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy is gravity. This is proven by F=ma AND E=mc2. Accordingly, gravity/acceleration involves balanced inertia/inertial resistance; as ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy is gravity. "Mass"/energy involves balanced inertia/inertial resistance consistent with/as what is balanced ELECTROMAGNETIC/GRAVITATIONAL force/energy, as electromagnetism/energy is gravity. Gravity IS electromagnetism/energy. That objects fall at the same rate (neglecting air resistance, of course) PROVES that ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy is gravity. Think about it.
By Frank DiMeglio
THE SIMPLE, PROPER, FULL, AND BALANCED UNDERSTANDING OF THE SHAPE, FORM, AND RELATIONAL MOTION OF WHAT IS THE MOON IN UNIVERSAL ACCORDANCE WITH THE FACT THAT E=MC2 IS F=MA:
What is THE MOON is moving AND not moving IN BALANCED RELATION to the Earth AND the Sun AS a linked AND BALANCED opposite in accordance with the UNIVERSAL fact that E=mc2 IS F=ma. THEREFORE, the rotation of WHAT IS THE MOON necessarily matches it's revolution; AS gravity/acceleration involves BALANCED inertia/INERTIAL RESISTANCE; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. Accordingly, the shape AND form of the Moon is basically constant or invariant. The Moon is a BALANCED MIDDLE DISTANCE manifestation or form that is in fundamental accordance with the Earth/Sun BALANCE pursuant to the fact that E=mc2 IS F=ma. GREAT !!! Therefore, the Moon is electromagnetically/gravitationally extended AND contracted ON BALANCE in true agreement with the fact that E=mc2 IS F=ma. Gravitational force/ENERGY IS proportional to (or BALANCED with/as) inertia/INERTIAL RESISTANCE, AS E=mc2 IS F=ma; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. "Mass"/ENERGY involves BALANCED inertia/INERTIAL RESISTANCE consistent with/AS what is BALANCED electromagnetic/gravitational force/ENERGY, AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY; AS E=mc2 IS F=ma. It ALL CLEARLY makes perfect sense. Gravity IS ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy.
By Frank DiMeglio
Nadie es profeta en su tierra, aca en argentina se conocen mas a actores y deportistas que a esta eminencia. Como sea; Que orgullo que sea mi compatriota!!.
Solo unos pocos nos sentimos orgullosos de él y deseamos lograr algo así en la vida.
Me angustia que la gente no sepa quién es él , que hace...me gustaría que se lo reconociera más, es más conocido en otros países que acá...
Maldacena irradia felicidad mientras explica cosas abstractas; es como un niño contándote sus sueños más felices.
Astro-Physics Community (with 12,541 likes) has now given the following three writings the thumbs up. TOTAL PERFECTION:
E=MC2 AS F=MA CLEARLY PROVES (ON BALANCE) WHY AND HOW THE PROPER AND FULL UNDERSTANDING OF TIME (AND TIME DILATION) UNIVERSALLY ESTABLISHES THE FACT THAT ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY:
A PHOTON may be placed at the center of what is THE SUN (as A POINT, of course), AS the reduction of SPACE is offset by (or BALANCED with) the speed of light; AS E=mc2 IS F=ma; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy is gravity. Indeed, the stars AND PLANETS are POINTS in the night sky. E=mc2 IS F=ma. Gravity IS ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy. Time DILATION ULTIMATELY proves ON BALANCE that ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy is GRAVITY, AS E=mc2 IS F=ma. Indeed, TIME is NECESSARILY possible/potential AND actual IN BALANCE; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY; AS E=MC2 IS F=MA. Great. "Mass"/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. E=mc2 IS F=ma. (Very importantly, outer "space" involves full inertia; AND it is fully invisible AND black.) BALANCE and completeness go hand in hand. It ALL CLEARLY makes perfect sense. I have mathematically unified physics/physical experience, as I have CLEARLY proven that E=mc2 IS F=ma in what is a truly universal and BALANCED fashion.
By Frank DiMeglio
Mr. Boris Stoyanov is a super bright and an HONEST physicist. He has agreed that the following post is "crystal clear":
ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy is gravity. This is proven by F=ma AND E=mc2. Accordingly, gravity/acceleration involves balanced inertia/inertial resistance; as ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy is gravity. "Mass"/energy involves balanced inertia/inertial resistance consistent with/as what is balanced ELECTROMAGNETIC/GRAVITATIONAL force/energy, as electromagnetism/energy is gravity. Gravity IS electromagnetism/energy. That objects fall at the same rate (neglecting air resistance, of course) PROVES that ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy is gravity. Think about it.
By Frank DiMeglio
THE SIMPLE, PROPER, FULL, AND BALANCED UNDERSTANDING OF THE SHAPE, FORM, AND RELATIONAL MOTION OF WHAT IS THE MOON IN UNIVERSAL ACCORDANCE WITH THE FACT THAT E=MC2 IS F=MA:
What is THE MOON is moving AND not moving IN BALANCED RELATION to the Earth AND the Sun AS a linked AND BALANCED opposite in accordance with the UNIVERSAL fact that E=mc2 IS F=ma. THEREFORE, the rotation of WHAT IS THE MOON necessarily matches it's revolution; AS gravity/acceleration involves BALANCED inertia/INERTIAL RESISTANCE; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. Accordingly, the shape AND form of the Moon is basically constant or invariant. The Moon is a BALANCED MIDDLE DISTANCE manifestation or form that is in fundamental accordance with the Earth/Sun BALANCE pursuant to the fact that E=mc2 IS F=ma. GREAT !!! Therefore, the Moon is electromagnetically/gravitationally extended AND contracted ON BALANCE in true agreement with the fact that E=mc2 IS F=ma. Gravitational force/ENERGY IS proportional to (or BALANCED with/as) inertia/INERTIAL RESISTANCE, AS E=mc2 IS F=ma; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. "Mass"/ENERGY involves BALANCED inertia/INERTIAL RESISTANCE consistent with/AS what is BALANCED electromagnetic/gravitational force/ENERGY, AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY; AS E=mc2 IS F=ma. It ALL CLEARLY makes perfect sense. Gravity IS ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy.
By Frank DiMeglio
Que bonita manera de describirlo. Pienso lo mismo y es que la física es tan hermosa que entiendo su emoción al explicarla.
I could listen to Dr. Maldecena talk for hours. Not only does he have intense knowledge about physics but the way he speaks almost makes it simple to understand the nearly impossible subject of quantum physics. I have a similar experience listening to Sean Carroll in that both have such passion and deep understanding about their areas of study and both can communicate this knowledge with ease to the layperson.
I have only recently become aware of Juan and as such I have only watched a few of his lectures, However after only watching a few I can already make this judgement .
Wow , it’s so refreshing to have someone with so much intellect being able to “dumb things down” in such a way that laymen of different education levels can all understand what he is explaining .
I really have an urge to binge watch all his vids but I resist cos I know that I need time between vids/lectures to absorb/take in what Juan has been talking about.
I find that when thinking about what he’s told us I then come up with my own questions/problems in my mind , only to realise that Juan has already covered these thoughts within the lecture , so my advice to anyone is to watch and maybe rewatch the same lecture by Juan before moving on to the next one.
Justo to add a comment, He wrote the most cited paper in the history of theoritecal physics by far. Somewhere around 1998.
Yo no tan sólo me siento orgulloso de que sea un compatriota argentino, sino que me siento orgulloso de que haya estudiado en una universidad estatal dónde toda su preparación la hizo en Argentina en la UBA universidad de Buenos Aires, una universidad estatal y en el instituto Balseiro también del estado argentino en Bariloche, en este último comenzó sus investigaciones sobre las cuerdas y los agujeros negros desde el momento que se encontraba estudiando en el instituto Balseiro, y después de recibirse fue becado por el mismo instituto a los Estados Unidos donde allá en un breve tiempo hizo una licenciatura y una maestría, lo maravilloso que la conjetura de maldacena como se la llamó científicamente CONJETURA M= desde que él estaba en Argentina ya venía investigando sobre las cuerdas y los agujeros negros ahí comenzó su descubrimiento.. y en Estados Unidos en conjunción con otros grandes científicos descubren que la teoría o conjetura de maldacena era correcta, haciendo así el gran aporte que maldacena ha hecho en la actualidad en la ciencia a nivel mundial, de hacho tal es así que hoy es reconocido como el científico más importante de esta generación osea de la ciencia moderna.
Gracias Maldacena por la simplicidad con que explicas cosas tan complejas, Cualiad de los genios.
It's ironic, Einstein, probably the greatest scientific mind to ever live, was complaining about the dissonance between the two pillars of physics before he died. Now, decades after his death we realize he was right. Something is missing. My guess is we need to to reconceptualize the idea of Entropy. Einstein wasn't taken seriously until the great Irish physicist John Bell and his great work on Bells Inequalities. It wasn't until Bell that we realized that, quantum mechanics, as currently constructed, points to certain fundamental ideas that clearly must not be fundamental if quantum mechanics is indeed true (realism or locality). Locality or Realism, one of the two, is not fundamental to nature. Either choice is scary and forces us to reconceived of what reality really is, lest we fall into silly tautologies.
Einstein showed that the speed of light is actually the speed of causality. He also showed us that the inverse squads law HAS to be true - Newton didn't do this, there are arbitrary parameters (Ed Witten, in an interview with the same interviewer goes into this in greater detail). The real question is were these constants of nature ALWAYS like this (speed of light, Planck's constant etc) or were these constants fundamentally different at the beginning of the early universe.
The problem - and Einstein, again, saw this before anybody else - is that gravity is so incongruous to all of the other known forces (weak, strong, EM etc). It cannot be quantized. He realized as early as 1935 when he predicted quantum entanglement and wormholes (different papers, same year) that gravity couldnt be quantized and if gravity isnt subject to the rules of quantum mechanics then either gravity is emergent (and not fundamental) or that quantum mechanics is not fundamental but rather a statistical approximation we use to compensate for a lack of information (similar to what statistical mechanics and Boltzmann does for gases).
100 years later and we still dont know lol. Entanglement is the key to the puzzle but we are only now scratching the surface.
String theory may hold the key but if it cant be tested empirically then we are back to where we started.
Such imponderable ideas so skillfully depicted with such power of communication. Thank you.
Listening to Juan express all of that so cohesively was truly stimulating.
My girlfriend gets angry watching these. haha
I had lunch with him in Princeton. The grear Freeman Dyson was sitting behind us alone.
@@billdrumming Astro-Physics Community (with 12,541 likes) has now given the following three writings the thumbs up. TOTAL PERFECTION:
E=MC2 AS F=MA CLEARLY PROVES (ON BALANCE) WHY AND HOW THE PROPER AND FULL UNDERSTANDING OF TIME (AND TIME DILATION) UNIVERSALLY ESTABLISHES THE FACT THAT ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY:
A PHOTON may be placed at the center of what is THE SUN (as A POINT, of course), AS the reduction of SPACE is offset by (or BALANCED with) the speed of light; AS E=mc2 IS F=ma; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy is gravity. Indeed, the stars AND PLANETS are POINTS in the night sky. E=mc2 IS F=ma. Gravity IS ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy. Time DILATION ULTIMATELY proves ON BALANCE that ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy is GRAVITY, AS E=mc2 IS F=ma. Indeed, TIME is NECESSARILY possible/potential AND actual IN BALANCE; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY; AS E=MC2 IS F=MA. Great. "Mass"/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. E=mc2 IS F=ma. (Very importantly, outer "space" involves full inertia; AND it is fully invisible AND black.) BALANCE and completeness go hand in hand. It ALL CLEARLY makes perfect sense. I have mathematically unified physics/physical experience, as I have CLEARLY proven that E=mc2 IS F=ma in what is a truly universal and BALANCED fashion.
By Frank DiMeglio
Mr. Boris Stoyanov is a super bright and an HONEST physicist. He has agreed that the following post is "crystal clear":
ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy is gravity. This is proven by F=ma AND E=mc2. Accordingly, gravity/acceleration involves balanced inertia/inertial resistance; as ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy is gravity. "Mass"/energy involves balanced inertia/inertial resistance consistent with/as what is balanced ELECTROMAGNETIC/GRAVITATIONAL force/energy, as electromagnetism/energy is gravity. Gravity IS electromagnetism/energy. That objects fall at the same rate (neglecting air resistance, of course) PROVES that ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy is gravity. Think about it.
By Frank DiMeglio
THE SIMPLE, PROPER, FULL, AND BALANCED UNDERSTANDING OF THE SHAPE, FORM, AND RELATIONAL MOTION OF WHAT IS THE MOON IN UNIVERSAL ACCORDANCE WITH THE FACT THAT E=MC2 IS F=MA:
What is THE MOON is moving AND not moving IN BALANCED RELATION to the Earth AND the Sun AS a linked AND BALANCED opposite in accordance with the UNIVERSAL fact that E=mc2 IS F=ma. THEREFORE, the rotation of WHAT IS THE MOON necessarily matches it's revolution; AS gravity/acceleration involves BALANCED inertia/INERTIAL RESISTANCE; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. Accordingly, the shape AND form of the Moon is basically constant or invariant. The Moon is a BALANCED MIDDLE DISTANCE manifestation or form that is in fundamental accordance with the Earth/Sun BALANCE pursuant to the fact that E=mc2 IS F=ma. GREAT !!! Therefore, the Moon is electromagnetically/gravitationally extended AND contracted ON BALANCE in true agreement with the fact that E=mc2 IS F=ma. Gravitational force/ENERGY IS proportional to (or BALANCED with/as) inertia/INERTIAL RESISTANCE, AS E=mc2 IS F=ma; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. "Mass"/ENERGY involves BALANCED inertia/INERTIAL RESISTANCE consistent with/AS what is BALANCED electromagnetic/gravitational force/ENERGY, AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY; AS E=mc2 IS F=ma. It ALL CLEARLY makes perfect sense. Gravity IS ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy.
By Frank DiMeglio
These two heavyweight minds play off of each other superbly! Bravo gentlemen :)
You were just getting started. I would have enjoyed the next 50 minutes! 🤓
Do you have to pay to see the whole episodes?
Amazing talk. He exposed very interesting and clear ideas
Yea he cute too
Genio total Juan Maldacena!!
Dr. Maldacena looks a bit like Ralph Fiennes
Shoot. I posted the exact same comment in another of his interviews one or two days ago.
😂
Grande Juan!!
3:58 cc should be quantizations not monetizations, right?
Yes 100%
I would love to understand this. For example, this implies that at the beginning of the universe the density of everything would far exceed that of a black hole, yet it escaped the gravitational pull such density would create. Some weird physics must have occurred then (if time is pertinent to that "then").
Actually, it has nothing to do with density. The size of a black hole - its horizon - scales linearly with mass. The heavier the black hole, the lower its density.
But true: all the energy (mass = energy) was originally concentrated in a space far smaller than the event horizon. It is far creepier than that: there cannot be a causal relation between anything below the horizon with anything above it. So maybe we are still in the black hole ;-)
@@TheEmmef It's ironic, Einstein, probably the greatest scientific mind to ever live, was complaining about the dissonance between the two pillars of physics before he died. Now, decades after his death we realize he was right. Something is missing. My guess is we need to to reconceptualize the idea of Entropy. Einstein wasn't taken seriously until the great Irish physicist John Bell and his great work on Bells Inequalities. It wasn't until Bell that we realized that, quantum mechanics, as currently constructed, points to certain fundamental ideas that clearly must not be fundamental if quantum mechanics is indeed true (realism or locality). Locality or Realism, one of the two, is not fundamental to nature. Either choice is scary and forces us to reconceived of what reality really is, lest we fall into silly tautologies.
Einstein showed that the speed of light is actually the speed of causality. He also showed us that the inverse squads law HAS to be true - Newton didn't do this, there are arbitrary parameters (Ed Witten, in an interview with the same interviewer goes into this in greater detail). The real question is were these constants of nature ALWAYS like this (speed of light, Planck's constant etc) or were these constants fundamentally different at the beginning of the early universe.
The problem - and Einstein, again, saw this before anybody else - is that gravity is so incongruous to all of the other known forces (weak, strong, EM etc). It cannot be quantized. He realized as early as 1935 when he predicted quantum entanglement and wormholes (different papers, same year) that gravity couldnt be quantized and if gravity isnt subject to the rules of quantum mechanics then either gravity is emergent (and not fundamental) or that quantum mechanics is not fundamental but rather a statistical approximation we use to compensate for a lack of information (similar to what statistical mechanics and Boltzmann does for gases).
100 years later and we still dont know lol. Entanglement is the key to the puzzle but we are only now scratching the surface.
String theory may hold the key but if it cant be tested empirically then we are back to where we started.
Regards from Barcelona!
Genio Maldacena 🇦🇷
Kudos
Grande Juan!
Do the infinities of graviton have something to do with time? Maybe energy smaller than planck length registers as infinite, similar to black hole singularity?
David Ross.... be nice. I learned something. That’s why we watch.
Could time be duality that becomes energy, as in quantum wave function time and energy trade off in uncertainty, like position and momentum? Energy then becomes information bit of quantum that flips into matter? In case of scenario, where would quantum gravity fit in? Since gravity acts on matter and energy, quantum gravity have something to do with energy becoming matter, or at least energy evolution in quantum wave function?
Is gravity the dilation of time in quantum wave, beneath the planck length?
So what I understand is that we try to describe gravity with gravitons, _quantize it so to say._ Then, when we describe how these gravitons interact, we get inconsistencies and singularities.
Now my question is: what is the rationale behind describing gravity in terms of gravitons _in the first place?_ Particles transfer _forces,_ which gravity certainly is not, according to GR. Maye the photon-trick just does not work for gravity. Look further.
That's why he said this is the naive approach. The inspiration for quantizing the graviton comes naturally when considering that not only quantum electrodynamics but all of the Standard Model is described by gauge symmetries ( SU(3)xSU(2)xU(1) ) where bosons mediate the interactions. The inconsistency shows that we can't describe gravity with quantum field theory, and so they did look further and constructed many other theories like string theory, loop quantum gravity and so on.
@@thomasbastos3869 I was aware. Forgive me for my rant; I must admit I might have been a little annoyed by a lot of (other) articles about QM and GR at that time.
Like people reasoning about whether a graviton could escape the event horizon of a black hole if the horizon would move due to quantum fluctuations and doing all reasoning as if there is some fixed position grid from god-knows-whose perspective. Ah well...
This is so interesting! Listening to this felt like drinking knowledge with a straw.
I have a few questions about this topic.
If anyone wants to answer.
Can light exist in other dimensions, if so does light travel faster/ slower in those dimension? Is it impossible to know if light can even exist in other dimensions?
I was wondering when the universe first started, and there wasn’t yet vast expansion, there would have been no elements heavier than Hydrogen.
How does that affect the calculation, and is (the behavior of things when the only element in existence was helium). Something that actually has to be factored into the classical mechanics side of the problem, or is the entirety of the problem of expansion of the early universe thought to be just a quantum mechanical and gravitational one?
I think he's implying it was just quantum mechanical and maybe gravitational. But there was no hydrogen then or anything like that at all, I think. But this to too much for me, looking back that far. Hopefully we'll just stumble across it in the course of time without these mind-bending maths.
Well I worded that wrong. I know that there wasn’t any hydrogen for a while, that showed up later.
Its just fascinating to me to try to even imagine how the classical mechanics would be affected In a world of just a few simple elements for so long, till it all condensed into me, writing this comment.
But Is Gravity truly a force? And what does that make of the Graviton overall?
If Gravity is after all an "illusion" we feel simply because everything is flying through spacetime and we feel resistance to it , then how come they are actively looking for the "Graviton"? Wouldnt this mean the Graviton doesnt exist then after all? Is this the real reason we cannot find it? Im just a little thrown off as loop quantum gravity and M theory are such big and popular theories and they revolve around the existence of a particle that is the Graviton, the "carrier" of the force of Gravity
But how can this be if Gravity isnt a force after all?
Is the Graviton basically the foundation of spacetime itself? And why it can be curved?
Would love any help with this!
General Relativity do not means a theory of Newton Gravitation inside it ! .It is a theory of a space time with a mathematical abstract structure , called Riemann -Lorentzian metric. It is really obscure to describe the usual gravitation potential from a solution of the Einstein equations . The Newton Gravitation theory is expected to be obtained from a very long spatial distance from the source .Now imagine to obtain usual Newton gravitation from a Einstein solution for vanishing matter and energy as in the Godel metric !.The only connection of General relativity with the classical notion of Newton Gravitation (Force , etc.) is the so called "free fall" .Any bodie follows CLASSICAL trajectories on the space (AND TIME!) ALWAYS trough SPACE TIME GEODESICS associated to the Einstein Metric (solution of Einstein Equation ) .Note that a space time geodesic is not a spatial geodesic ( the shortest distance among two points in the space ) which is a geodesic associated to the induced four dimensional metric on any three dimensional slice (time fixed ) of the full space time ! .
Juan and Robert, Quantum Gravity is indeed key. Quantum Gravity and the theory, mathematics, laws, reproducible experiments and observations that underpinned it, is crucial for an empirical real true Quantum Theory of Gravity that would finish Einstein's Revolution in physics. Problem is that, since the 17th century up to the present, the Mathematics that we have so far cannot solve the problem of quantum gravitation.
Mathematics is invented and discovered. That's my personal experience. I've invented/discovered a completely new mathematics in the course of my 30-year-long basic research on Quantum Gravity in Singapore. I called it Majulah Matematika in honour of my home country Singapore. I use it to solve one of the most difficult conundrums in physics- the True Nature of Gravity.
Here is one of the many solutions that we can derive from my new mathematics: A Computer Universe that is real. It is run by Quantum Gravitational Computation, Quantum Gravitational Entanglement and Quantum Gravitation covering the entire Universe. An empirical Theory of Quantum Gravity is the key. And it will led us to understanding of how and why Gravity works. It will also at the same time, debunk and invalidate String Theory, Loop Quantum Gravity, M Theory, Theory of General Relativity and all failed and wrong theories of gravity. But it will proved and validate Einstein's Hidden Variables and EPR's authors Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen correct. The Hidden variables are: Quantum Gravity, Quantum Anti-Gravity, Quantum Neutral Gravity, the macroscopic cosmic scale Gravitational Quantum Entanglement and Gravitational Quantum Computation. All these would complete the Quantum Foundation, Unification of Gravity with Quantum Mechanics and the realization of Theory of Everything in Physics.
I have discovered and cracked the code of the true nature of Gravity in my over 30 years of basic research works in Singapore. This discovery/invention/theory of mine include THE GOD EQUATION - THE TRINITY Equations, Laws and Codes For QUANTUM GRAVITATION , QUANTUM GRAVITATIONAL ENTANGLE MENT and GRAVITATIONAL QUANTUM COMPUTATION that pave the way for Theory of Everything in Physics: - THE 3-in-1 HOLY GRAILS of Physics:
1. Quantum Anti-Gravity/Spin Up Quantum Gravitational Entanglement/0 Rhu Bit or R Bit:
QAG = ∆QGOρ < ∆QGFρ = ↑α
2. Quantum Gravity/Spin Down Quantum Gravitational Entanglement/1 Rhu Bit or R Bit:
QG = ∆QGOρ > ∆QGFρ = ↓α
3. Quantum Neutral Gravity/Superposition Quantum Gravitational Entanglement/01 and/or 10 Rhu Bit or R Bit:
QNG = ∆QGOρ = ∆QGFρ = ↑↓α
We now have a working Quantum Theory of Gravity that is testable and complete with reproducible empirical experiments with the same results if repeated over and over again and again, confirmed by empirical observations in nature with 7-Sigma level results, guided by empirical Laws, Cosmic/Universal Computation and physical/mathematical Trinity God Equations that are predictive, precise and does no collapse even in high energies of Big Bang and singularity of Black Hole. FYI: Quantum Gravity or Quantum Gravitation have three types that are equivalent to and manifested by Quantum Computational Gravitation- the biggest and most powerful Computer Software Program and Hardware in the Universe and Quantum Gravitational Entanglement - a Quantum Entanglement at Macroscopic Cosmic Scale namely: 1. Quantum Anti-Gravity = Spin Up Quantum Entanglement State; 2. Quantum Neutral Gravity = Superposition Quantum Entanglement State; and 3. Quantum Gravity = Spin Down Quantum Entanglement State.
More detailed information could be found on the published papers 2 years ago in London, Paris, and Zurich, online and at the two scientific Journals ACADEMIA and REAL TRUE NATURE. Alternatively, you can google the name of the author ROEL REAL ROVIRA to arrive at the published paper on Quantum Gravity.
Most recently, additional two well respected scientific journals namely NATURE and the AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY APS Physical Review Journals have officially invited this author to submit manuscripts on his Research on Quantum Gravity for publication for PRX QUANTUM in preparation for a celebration for International Year of Quantum IYQ 2025 to showcase the best papers of the year.
Quantum Gravitation is governed by and follow the Trinity Laws, Mathematics and Physics of Quantum Gravitation, Gravitational Quantum Computation and Quantum Gravitational Entanglement. We now have a new Laws of Physics and two newly discovered Fundamental Forces of Nature - The Quantum Neutral Gravity and Quantum Anti-Gravity which completed the heart of the Quantum Theory of Gravity published in London. Paris and Zurich last December 2022 as follows:
1. First Law of Quantum Gravitation: Rovira’s Universal Law of Quantum Gravitation:
“The greater mass density of gravitating Quantum Objects than the Quantum
Gravitational Field causes a downward acceleration of the Quantum Objects in a
Quantum Gravitational Field instantaneously mediated by Graviton.”
- Roel Real Rovira
Equation for Quantum Gravity, and Spin Down Quantum Gravitational Entanglement:
QG = ∆QGOρ > ∆QGFρ = ↓α
Where:
QG is Quantum Gravity in Rovira (value of downward acceleration force due to quantum gravity) in kg.
∆QGOρ is Differential Change in greater mass density of Quantum Gravitating Objects than the mass density of Quantum Gravitational Field in kg/m2 or g/cm3.
∆QGFρ is Differential Change in mass density of Quantum Gravitational Field in kg/m2 or g/cm3.
↓α is the Resultant Downward Acceleration of Gravitating Quantum Objects in mtr/sec.
2. Second Law of Quantum Gravitation: Rovira’s Universal Law of Quantum Anti-Gravity.
“The lesser mass density of gravitating Quantum Objects than the Quantum Gravitational
Field causes an upward acceleration of the Quantum Objects in a Quantum Gravitational
Field instantaneously mediated by Graviton.”
-Roel Real Rovira
Equation for Quantum Anti-Gravity/Spin Up Quantum Gravitational Entanglement:
QAG = ∆QGOρ < ∆QGFρ = ↑α
Where:
QAG is Quantum Anti-Gravity in Rovira (value of upward acceleration force due to quantum anti-gravity) in kg.
∆QGOρ is Differential Change in lesser mass density of Quantum Anti-Gravitating Objects than the mass density of Quantum Gravitational Field in kg/m2 or g/cm3.
∆QGFρ is Differential Change in mass density of Quantum Gravitational Field in kg/m2 or g/cm3.
↑α is the Resultant Upward Acceleration of Anti-Gravitating Quantum Objects in mtr/sec.
3. Third Law of Quantum Gravitation: Rovira’s Law of Quantum Neutral Gravitation.
“The equal mass density of gravitating Quantum Objects and the Quantum Gravitational
Field causes a zero acceleration or floating or hoovering of the gravitating Quantum Objects
in a Quantum Gravitational Field, instantaneously mediated by Graviton.”
- Roel real Rovira
Equation for Quantum Neutral Gravity and Superposition Quantum Gravitational Entanglement:
QNG = ∆QGOρ = ∆QGFρ = ↑↓α
Where:
QNG is Quantum Neutral Gravity in Rovira (value of zero acceleration force due to quantum neutral gravity) in kg.
∆QGOρ is Differential Change in equal mass density of Quantum Neutral Gravitating Objects to the mass density of Quantum Gravitational Field in kg/m2 or g/cm3.
∆QGFρ is Differential Change in mass density of Quantum Gravitational Field in kg/m2 or g/cm3.
↑↓0α is the Resultant zero acceleration or non-acceleration of Neutral Gravitating Quantum Objects in mtr/sec.
For more detailed information on these 3-in-1 Trinity Laws and Equations for Quantum Gravitation, Gravitational Quantum Computation, and Quantum Gravitational Entanglement - The Real True Nature of Quantum Gravitation, look it up at the two scientific journals ACADEMIA and REAL TRUE NATURE or google the name of the author ROEL REAL ROVIRA.
Copyright 2022 ROEL REAL ROVIRA. All Rights Reserved.
Sir plz do a program on PI num
Quantizing gravity goes to infinity. That is right but there is a solution to visualize and quantize gravity by means of fundamental constant of the universe. Infinity is the properties of the universe so if you divide the infinite small energy to infinite small length you will get the constant force. Maximum force. So infinity divide by another infinity is a constant.
4-galaxy question.
“Hubble observed this redshifting in every galaxy he looked at, but even more surprisingly he noticed the redshifting was more severe the further away the galaxy was. This meant that galaxies farther away were drifting apart faster than the close galaxies. The only possible conclusion he could draw was that the entire universe was expanding.”
(BY AVERY THOMPSON APR 26, 2017)
Consider four galaxies, where three are in the same line moving away from the Big Bang, and our galaxy is in the middle of the three lined-up galaxies.
In this thought experiment, both the slower galaxy and the faster galaxy are the same distance (X light-years) from our galaxy. We observe the Doppler shifts and conclude that on our line, the “universe is expanding” and that the distances are proportional to the amount of the redshift.
The fourth galaxy was formed from matter shot out of the Big Bang on a line that was only very slightly different from the line that we and our two “line-sister” galaxies are on. At this moment, the fourth galaxy is the same distance (X light-years) from us as our two line-sister galaxies. We now look at the fourth galaxy, moving away from us at a much slower speed than our two line-sister galaxies. At this moment, the amount of redshift between us and the fourth galaxy is much smaller than the redshift we observe with our two line-sister galaxies.
In different forms, this is happening many times in our universe. So, how can we reach a conclusion that the universe is expanding based on redshift observations or that distances between us and other galaxies are proportional to the amount of redshift observation?
Does quantum gravity have something to do with cosmological constant / dark energy expansion of space / universe?
no body knows.. yet
What about the kinetics of light?
Your shows really make me think.
How about this: Relativity says that every particle is at rest and has inertia while only *other particles* have position and momentum.
@@8jzX_u1LN_Uez2 Does it contradict Q.D.? What is rest mass if there is no rest? But still, if spacetime is gravitational field then evey massive particle must have its own, vibrating with its uncertainty. ...!??❤️❤️
@@8jzX_u1LN_Uez2 Virtual gravitons?
Remember the analytic questions on the Scholastic Aptitude Test? I ask: Sand:Beach::______________:Space time continuum. Is the answer
A) Superstrings
B) Quantum loops
C) Black holes
D) Expanding gravitons (gravitons that expand from a point to a sphere with radius r = ct.
E) none of the aboce
Why gravitons should interact with each other, while photons don't interact with each other? :) both should be bosons with spin 1 and 2, am I missing something here?
Photons do interact with eachother. Photon-photon scattering is a thing and need to account for it when summing up Feynman diagrams (albeit the contribution is very small). Graviton-graviton scattering is even more complicated, because while photon-photon scattering is purely quantum mechanical (classically they are not charged so they do not interact), gravitons should interact between them even on a classical level. In GR everything with energy and momentum creates and is affected by gravity, so gravitons not only scatter, but interact actively between them like a graviton with a photon would.
But gravity is just emerging from higher masses / multi particles/ statistics. You must reduce to hypergraph theory (Wolfram) to get ideas what happens in QM
Is it sure that the universe was small at start? Extremely dense yes, but "atomically" small , what observations, measures and models do we have to substantiate this? It's an attractive perspective of an opening door promising cycles versus criation . An infinite small point is a promise of transmutation, otherwise you fall in God creativism. What is the substrate and nível o emergence in the universe. Could it be that the concept of dimension is itself a derived concept and the notion itself of dimension is part of more fundamental interaction or potential?
Can math explain mass cannot exist in 2 dimension. Can particle like me hot electron exist in 2 dimension.
How would quantum gravity interact with photon / speed of light?
If string theory can make the reconciliation between the general relativity and the quantum mechanical theory and we know through quantum electro dynamics the interactions between gravitons and particle physics, why the debate?
Doesnt have nucleus there own gravity field with their energy stored?
Doesnt have electrons, neutrons, protons near massless traits and so traveling near speed of light making it very hard to detect their precise locations at given time?
Cant they make thousands of images inside a proton core to mapmaking all the possible location of quarks and discover their behaviour in quantum space since the universal background radiation is also a frame of particle(planets) wich unveiled more understanding.
edit: grammer
Gravity is so weak (compared to other forces) that we cannot really detect gravitational interactions between objects as small and light as protons or electrons. To give you an idea of how weak gravity is - you can pick an object from the ground with a small magnet. Basically a very small magnet can counteract the gravitational pull of the entire Earth..
Too much gravity between these two 😂 i kept distancing my phone from dude getting closer 😂
General relativity describes gravity as purely geometric ,a consequence of curvature of space-time continuum due to presence of matter-energy which in turn causes motion to the matter - energy which caused the curvature.
This picture of gravity is kinda different and very beautiful .
But as prof .Maldecena said,they are trying to describe gravity in terms of exchange of particles.Arent both these pictures radically different ?(G.R says it's geometry of space time and fledging theories of quantum gravitydescribe it as exchange of particles)
Then if it's found that gravity works by the exchange of particles,what will it mean for GR and the picture of smooth space time?
Particles , according to QFT is excitations in Quantum fields,if gravitons exist, excitation on which field will they be?
Why do present theories try to describe the universe in terms of discrete particles, instead why not describe even the the fundamental particles themselves in terms of geometry of space time like GR?
Thats because "QG" is just a placeholder for whatever it is they find to unite the two forces. Electricity was once though to have nohting to do with magnetism, just as QM will be looked back one day as having nothing to do with gravity and the unification of the two will most likely be called something entirely new
@@TactileTherapy But both physical picture are very different from each other,right?
Then when quantum gravity is found then how will gravitons relate to spacetime?
We have measured the curvature in space and time right?so then how will the particle picture explain all that?
@@kabirmunjal9149 "there are approaches in which the space time geometry itself becomes quantum "but how will that help in describing the universe in terms of one single coherent framework ?
@@kabirmunjal9149 if space time geometry itself becomes quantum, it'll mean that space and time are quantised right?
That'll be awesome, but what will it mean to say that time is quantised?
I wonder if time dilation is considered on the particle itself. Short life Muons strike the surface of the earth. They should decay way before meeting the lower atmosphere. But due time dilation they reach the detectors.
Es Argento papá!
I have always wondered what separates 2 energy levels. Physically. Please enlighten me wise people
Gravity is curvature of space-time, so are time and space an energy density that form gravity?
I am a filmmaker and the camera movement in this is stranger than nature of reality.
Juan
What I would really like to see explained, is how anybody can easily accept the idea that the entire contents of our almost inconceivably massive universe was somehow concentrated in a tiny singularity. All the billions of galaxies, typically containing billions of stars each, all the neutron stars that are already virtually maximally concentrated... Just the idea that all of this somehow fit into some tiny volume seems so incomprehensible from a physics standpoint, that it surprises me that it is almost never explained, it just seems blandly accepted as a premise.
Consider that the flux 'strings' of a magnet are coherent. Consider that these strings are spiral strands all spinning in the same direction as they leave both "poles" of the magnet. Consider that this is why they push away from one another upon exiting their parent material, and arc back upon themselves to be rejoined with the strings from the opposite end. Consider that all matter emits strings. Consider that gravity is incoherent magnetism. See - "Flying Triangles and the Black Holes on my Fridge".
@XY ZW It's more like the dust jacket to one.
@XY ZW Youse your imagination. That's not all youse found.
How does gravity make the expansion of universe inevitable?
Your always good Ray. M.
BUT
Technically general relativity is based on Levi-Civitas math of(transformations) mapping of differential space and coordinates into themself several times thus duplicating second derivatives to abstract force. Ie acceleration. Thus one can easily reduce by substitution (backwards) relativity to Newtons laws. You know this but mapping is topology. Its referred to in his book..the absolute differential calculus by Tulio Levi Civita 😍.
There is therefore a precise analogy of Gen. Rel. in hilbert spaces in general topology based on these new transform maps of Hilbert spaces, to itself, representing quantum gravity. Just pointing it out thats the proper 👌 unifying approach.
this is absolute nonsense
so what if we look for second 50 years and Quantum Theory physicists still have not identified quantum gravity or reconciled with General Relativity ?? Quantum theorists hold to the belief that quantum theory either ruins GR or at least proves it wrong. They've had over 50 years, and I'm betting that I'll be dead before they succeed or fail to prove anything about gravity. If GR is incomplete, then what should we call quantum physics ?
I always say people are lucky for having this brains.
The point is that we do not understand the Classical Gneral Relativity in its mathematical aspects as We understand Maxwell Equations of Electrodynamics (or Yang Mills equations with Higgs fields ) . The Einstein equation only makes sense in local sense and for sources given by matter energy tensors associated to Fields described by GLOBAL (covariant ) field lagrangeans . Another point is that Einstein appears to have proposed General relativity as a kind of Time dynamical Gravitation ,with gravity waves as Electromagnetic waves as leading objects carrying energy (through the famous weak field expansion applied to Einstein equations on the space time defined by the euclidean fur dimensional vectorial space ). In order to see such problems , one should try to apply Yamabe Theorem (generalized to the Lorentzian case !) to metric fields satisfying the Einstein equations .Something does not go !. And The introduction of the cosmological constant spoils completely the spatial "infinite" boundary condition of no dynamical gravity (the metric should reduces to the flat Lorentz metric... )
they are like super close, don't they
hahah
This is the simplest and most accurate description of "quantum gravity" their is on the street. Planet for that matter!
Electromagnetic Kinetic Dipole Theory describes the actual constituent parts of what everyone calls the Electromagnetic field. Quantum Gravity or TTOE uses "Superfluid Vacuum Theory" to describe how a "Bose Gas of Solid Kinetic Dipoles" forms the Electromagnetic field. Quantum Superfluid in particles is a Bose Einstein Condensate of trillions of EM Kinetic Dipole Particles.
EM Kinetic Dipoles carry all Momentum.
Their are ~22 micrograms of EM kinetic Dipoles in the Vacuum your human body currently occupies. These dipoles are hitting you at an RMS speed of "c", the speed of light. Some faster than "c" and some slower than "c". Blame Maxwell / Boltzmann... Each time you are hit by a dipole momentum is transferred to your dipoles in your particles. You accelerate. Gravity.
I am very specifically saying that the EM Dipole (that flows out of North and into South) is an actual solid particle shaped like a tri-pyramidal Prince Rupert's Drop (quickly frozen rain drop shape, perhaps after the Big Bang if you believe in that). The Kinetic Dipole has "more mass/inertia" on the "North / Positive" end. It is roughly 1x10^-120 meters in length. They have Planck Density. Not only does this Bose Gas form the EM Field, you quickly realize that their natural kinetic collisions off each others surface area describes all EM Field and Wave laws , and yes Gravity to.
While flowing through a "sea of dipoles" EM Kinetic Dipoles change direction and typically turn toward higher dipole density fields due to drag. This is Coalescence and Gravity and Refraction and Diffraction. Dipole Momentum Redirection describes all experiments, double slit, prisms, the variable index of refraction of vacuum dipoles that causes "gravitational lensing"... all of it...
The force of Gravity, dipole collision momentum transfer, is proportional to the slope (gradient) of the Dipole Mass Density at a point in space and how the dipole collisions transfer momentum to your Particle EM Dipoles (Matter) .
The shape of the Kinetic Dipole governs the "laws of nature". The North ends rounded shape is governed by the sqrt(ln(x)) and the South/Negative end "tails" off with a combo of e^-(x^2) and e^-(x^3). Collisions off a kinetic object with this profile defines all natural laws including how these dipoles naturally vortex about one another to form "fluids and particles". The Effective Cross Section of the EM Kinetic Dipole (relative to the head to tail length of 1) is the Fine Structure Constant.
Some day soon I am releasing a series of short papers that will "in detail" describe the theory. Looking for the right "peers" to "torcher" I mean to "peer review" a "3rd" grade theory so simple it is hard to believe with "10th" grade algebra and geometry.
BRAVE - Bożeon Research And Æther Verification Eταιρεία
BRAVE's "TENET's of NATURE":
[1] You cannot bend or warp space.
[2] You cannot bend or warp time.
[3] All forces are due to transfers of momentum from local collisions of EM(G) Kinetic Dipoles.
Copyright 2020 John E. Boze
lol ...
As with new knowledge the gravity is not a force... On the object interact the banded space+time and vice versa..you can check also on Veritasium channel... that`s why "graviton " is a myth and can not be confirmed in calculations.
the idea that the whole universe was concentrated minute size is a basic fallacy because the outside the concentrated minute size did/does not exist ie you cannot measure the universe from the outside and no reference point
That would be the equivalent of saying that the size we observe today for the Universe is fallacious because there is no way to measure it from outside. The size is always determined by the ability of a comoving observer measuring it at a specific point in time. If someone had a ruler just after the Planck epoch (where rulers and clocks would start make sense even semi-classically), they would measure a certain size and that size should have been small.
Great guy. It's quite obvious physics is his life.
Well it pays his bills for him for talking instead of working hard so why the fuck wouldn't he love it .....
@@AngryAndy_ Do you understand Anti de Sitter Space - Conformal Field Theory correspondence? Keep working hard at your dispensable job, he will leave a much bigger legacy
I remember having to study this in kindergarten, because my teacher believed in challenging us.
String theory is the ultimate endless rabbitt hole. With 10 to the 512 power "landscape" possibilities, you can basically find anything you want to find.....doesn't mean its meaningful.
I can't help it, but I become distressed by the small distance these persons seems to keep in this conversation. Is this a pre-covid-19 video? Is it the camera angle that tricks my mind?
My eyes just rolled so hard I saw stars.
What is Gravity?
Thermodynamics
@@frun really? 😂
the truth is we really dont know. But we have come to describe it as the curvature of spacetime influenced by energy
I'm Physicist and I think that brain science as you call it (otherwise known as cognitive science) is where the action is.
Could you be more explicit? I mean the reason(s) for such assertion.
@@BeautifulFeets10 It's just my personal impression. My daughter is studying cognitive science. Maybe that's why.
Oh, Alright.
Brain operations and functions can ultimately be explained with physics, not the other way around, oui?
I don’t know any physicist who doesn’t think quantum gravity is where the action is? You think brain science can compete? You’re not a physicist.
At t= 0, the Universe was very small and very heavy , a " particle " like no other....!....requiring a new set of rules?
I don’t think gravity is a particle
Gravity, Electro Magnetic field and light are all made from the same quant. That is why polarized light bends in magnetic field. A photon can travel at the speed of light or 0. In gravity the speed of the photon is 0...and the photons make an "net" that everything "sticks" to. Light bends in gravity because reacts with "gravity photons" that are fixed like a net in the gravity field (yes the warping of space thing....but this is quantified warped space OOOOK). It must be that way. Because of this graviton has very small energy and cannot be detected.....but....if it is knocked out the gravity web it can be detected...this can explain why photons from the sun can "push" the earth 1kg even though they have 0 mass...because they have mass of 1 graviton.....pilot wave is just a wave of gravitons...
time slows down with speed because "static" gravitons get energy with speed and slow everything down...even a thought is a chemical process with moving molecules so everything slows down...that is why the two observers will se the speed of ight the same. the amount of energy that graviton receives is equal to the time dilation. Static graviton gets the energy exactly so the both observers will see the same speed of light because of the time dilation....this can only happen if the light, graviton and photon is the same particle ....
How to prove this experimentally.... if a object in space radiates strong light and magnetic field it must "steal" gravitons, ....because photons and gravitons are the same particle and mater cannot be created from nothing ... the mass of that object will get smaller....measure it and it will weight less.
What if gravity is an emerging entropic phenomenon?
That’s kind of the point
Think..entangling and generalizing both Local Time and Non Local Time and you are now contemplating quantum gravity I suspect.
..mass curves space time but why not just say that mass ATTRACTS space time, check out the gravity probe b experiment, it proves that the gravitational pull of the earth causes a vortex of spacetime, not just curvature but a rotating vortex...
Where is the vortex?
Maybe the graviton doesn't exist? Gravity is really the curvature of space time, not necessarily an actual thing.
I second this. I thought we moved to it being a side effect of curved spacetime instead of some particle.
@@Icewind007 that's precisely what I also thought, it's just the shape of space-time that bends and allows objects with mass to fall towards each other respective to how much their mass bends the actual space-time. So basically both fall/move towards the other, just one might be moving faster towards the other because it might be less massive and so the more massive objects has a greater gravitational pull effect on the smaller, hence the smaller moving faster...
Anyway, hope I make sense here..
Sweet
Keep well and be safe everyone!
Ether like properties of dark energy and matter are going to have to be considered if the unification of quantum mechanics and relativity is to happen... Here is Anton Zelinger talking about it: czcams.com/video/z82XCvgnpmA/video.html
Bloody awful camera angle makes them look uncomfortably close.....
I thought that was what they were going for. two guys getting real intimate about science. 😂
Yes. It did looked way to close.
@@puvididdle uhum
😄
I don't know if that's my ingrained corona anxiety speaking, but these men are uncomfortably close to each other
Why would gravitons exist if gravity is just a shape?
You should be able to store gravitational potential energy between two entangled photons. Do that, and you'll be able to build gravity field generators and eventually Alcubierre drives.
But Photons are maseless.
They need there speed to exist.
Do you mean by crossing photons you can create gravityfields?
@@r.h.1410 Photons travel along optical fiber cables. Experimentally speaking, you could run optical fiber along the radius of a "wheel". When you spin the wheel, every point along the optical fiber will have an acceleration field given by a(r) = r omega^2. It would be like creating a gravity field using the Equivalence Principle. If you were very accurate, you could target a laser, a burst of photons, into the entrance of the fiber optic cable as it travels with the spinning wheel. A microsecond later, you would catch the photons, send them back again along a non accelerating path, and repeat the centrifuge cycle again. If you use quantum entangled photons, you will build up a gravitational potential energy that is stored in the entanglement.
@@wulphstein Sounds interesting👍
But by requiring and using an universal constant (speed of light) you cant hinder its speed by putting photon in a masswith object (fibers)
RLK, It seems that General Relativity and Quantum Mechanics can be unified rather simply. Would you like to hear some ideas?
Yes please. Show us the equations
maybe we shld look at gravity as space-time-gravity
I think , and I'm pretty sure That I may have discovered (qg) But you must first know some rules of (qm) Because with out this knowledge of (qm) You can not experiment with (qg) Right now I'm trying to test my guess , theory , hypothesis , assumption , ect But I'm pretty sure I'm spot on But like I said You must know the laws , rules , principles The concept(s) of (qm) Before you will be able to even begin to understand What quantum gravity is Because it's tricky And with qg I will be able to excellerate (speed up) the effects of all of qm 🙂🙂🙂
1:05. In 1917, Albert Einstein inserted a term called the cosmological constant into his theory of general relativity to force the equations to predict a stationary universe in keeping with physicists' thinking at the time. When it became clear that the universe wasn't actually static, but was expanding instead, Einstein abandoned the constant, calling it the '"biggest blunder" of his life.
But lately scientists have revived Einstein's cosmological constant (denoted by the Greek capital letter lambda) to explain a mysterious force called dark energy that seems to be counteracting gravity -- causing the universe to expand at an accelerating pace. ( source space.com)
Maldacena, genio no valorado aquí en Argentina... Todavía estamos estancados en Perón o no Perón
Exacto.
He is trying to say that if we apply Quantum field theory to gravity, gravitons would "produce" other gravitons ad infinitum, creating Black holes everywhere.
Is graviton a string? How many? 0nly11? There is a GODS particle has any relation ship with strings
You just gotta dig the heavy duty stuff.
But the large is made of the small.🙁
So ther is no large.
You should realize that a quantum entanglement between two photons IS a captured graviton.
If only these geniuses would read the youtube comments section, all would be revealed to them by random drunk and stoned people.
I still have yet to see a quantum physicist adequately explain why they are even looking for a particle to describe gravity. According to Einstein, gravity isn't a real force. Why don't they also search for particle to explain centripetal force?
Nature as we understand it only have four basic interactions, meaning they can't be explained in terms of the other interactions. That being said, 3 of the 4 interactions can be explained in terms of a particle exchange (a boson) that mediate the interaction so is kinda natural to think that the fourth force(gravity) could behave similarly.
In particular, the centripetal force is not a fundamental interaction, it can be explained using the other forces. For example if you have a ball attached to a string and make it spin then the ball will feel a force pointing to the center(the centripal force) but actually that is just the electromagnetic force acting upon the materials of the string and the ball. The same is true for every other force that is not fundamental(the force of a spring, the Van der Wall force, the superficial tension on a liquid etc). All of these can be explained in terms of a more fundamental interaction so you don't need to postulate or look for a particle that mediate those interactions.
Since gravity is an interaction and cannot be explained in terms of the other three, then you might try to search for the particle(the graviton) that mediate this interaction although this is not strictly necessary. It could be that gravity just doesn´t operate like that and that's fine. But since the other three does, it would be cool if gravity joined the club also
@@albertosierraalta3223 thanks for your reply, but please correct me if I'm wrong but according to Einstein's theory of relativity gravity is not fundamental. Therefore it seems like it should be in the same category as the centripetal force.
@@ngc-ho1xd General Relativity is not final. Physicists are looking for an alternative to it, a quantized theory of gravity that supersedes Einstein's GR.
@@ferdinandkraft857 but in a quantum gravity we should give up the space time curvature
@@ngc-ho1xd I'm not 100% sure that's the case since I'm not expert in General Relativity (GR), I'm only a bachelor in physics. But even if that's not the case, as Maldacena put it, GR cannot be the whole story for explaining gravity since the theory just fails at the big bang and inside black holes. Therefore there must be a deeper theory of gravity, and in searching for that theory we could try to quantize gravity. This doesn't have to be the only approach, there are other candidates as well but quantization is the preferred method since the other interactions behave like that.
If you only take GR as the theory that explain gravity fully then you don't need a graviton
Life is Eternal, it is Not physical in it self, in it's eternal nature, it is the cause-less cause.
The Motor of the Eternal Life, is the Life-Desire, the basic-source of all movement/motion.
In direct extension of the Life-Desire, We have the Will, (Life-side) and the Gravity, (Stuff-side).
(With the Will, We do balance Gravity of Earth, with our own, when We lift the cup)
So, this is the deeper understanding of the Gravity, for micro- medio- and macro-cosmos.
Which include/expose the Life-Unit-Principle and the Perspective-Principle.
Instinct/Automatic, Feeling/Cold and Gravity/Heat, are the Stuff-bearing abilities, which is the eternal Basic-Stuff behind all and any stuff.
The condition of all and any Stuff, is a matter of combination/balance between Hot and Cold
Well, it is a Life-side perspective of the Stuff-side, and also the dynamic Life-Abilities.
Walter Russell: In the wave lies the secret of all creation,- (Stuff-side-perspective)
W.R. got the Ability to see behind the Stuff-side, he said that Gravity is two-way directional, and it is not a gravitational universe, but a electric universe.
Schopenhauer
Observations of UFOs, like the "tic tac" observed by a Navy fighter pilot, should give you hints about what is possible within the realm of physics.
The realm of birds flying over the sea you mean.... grow up ffs there are no flying saucers...... go away your not welcome here
@@AngryAndy_ If you were looking for truth, you would notice patterns in the UFO stories. You would notice that high energy plasma seems to be a big part of their technology. Furthermore, the answer to the Drake equation seems to be that they actually are visiting us from time to time. But people like you are scared! I don't know what to tell you, other than, keep an open mind.
Just because infinity exists doesn't mean that humans have a magic power to act outside the nature of motion.
Gravity is serious. 🤨
Massively so.
Nah. It's always pulling my leg.
@@ferdinandkraft857 😀👍
@@ketrix1594 😀👍
Ralph Fiennes of Physics.
I just don't think gravity is a fundamental force. It's emergent like a colligative property.
Are u saying that quantum objects don't have gravity? Where do u see the gravitational effects or don't u ?
Let's explain black holes singularly and the big bizang.
Jeez, personal space, dude. I'm uncomfortable just watching and it looks like Juan is leaning back sometime to get some fresh air.
lol
The future of mankind. Everybody stay at least six feet away.
@@daffidavit I wasn't even thinking of that. He was close enough to count nose hairs.
@@davep8221 He was kind of close, I agree.
Why does it matter?
Didn’t know Ralph Fiennes was also a scientist. ;)
I came here to say this too