15:53 There is nothing with RDI register, just (in Linux) the exit codes are specified in the range 0-255 (1 byte). The number 420 lost its most significant bytes and became 164.
Here is a visualization of what you are saying | 00000000 | 0000000 | 00000001 | 10100100 | rdi register (420) | | | | 10100100 | return syscall (164) The return syscall only views the first 8 bits of the 64 bit rdi register
`man 3 exit` states: "The exit() function causes normal process termination and the least significant byte of status (i.e., status & 0xFF) is returned to the parent." Turns out `420 & 0xFF == 164`.
"there are two types of programmers - those who have written a compiler and those who haven't" - Terry "The greatest programmer that's ever lived" Davis
I really appreciate that the sequences, where you are not quite sure are NOT cut out. It's really helpful, to see the thought process in a specific language / context, when you are not sure what to do. For example, which docs to turn to, or how to use intellisense etc. to find the information one needs to solve the problem. Seeing just some finished code explained is not nearly as helpful as this format in my opinion. Very watchable. Thank you!
It's insane how well you explained things in this video. Not only did you successfully explain basic Assembly, you also made me understand all the premises of compiling. I also like the human aspect of this video, of making mistakes and fixing them live. Thanks for this.
@@doresearchstopwhining "a little" is very important here, I kind of like the bare-bones explanation. there are definitely some parts that are unnecessary, and maybe some visualization..s? i don't know. but i hope this guy doesn't become into an over-stimulating mess.
No cap, how do I donate? Never even considered donating to a CZcamsr before but this, but this is the content that’s enjoyable. Not the average hour long video with cuts and edits everywhere, because every time the person has to look something up it’s all secretive and never seen. I got a lot of respect for someone that is probably a little bit nervous because they may be using a language they’re not be 110% comfortable or familiar with, but is well and truly comfortable enough to show what’s going on in their head as they walk through the project and show all the pivots and everything that’s happening. I fucking love it, I got a lot of respect for it and I want to support this kind of “free thought with a goal” style CZcams videos. If you’ve got some way to accept donations, let me know 🙌💪
Mistakes and forgetting easy things. Something I tell newbies is that you don't need to memorise content but rather know that it exists and understand it when you see it again. E.g. what an entry point is, not the exact syntax.
You make the learning so much more approachable for people with no previous understanding of compilers or asm. This style of teaching where you build a project live while explaining why you make that decision is so comprehensible. Thank you
As a self taught software engineer that loves going deep into all the layers this is great introduction! Currently Im building VM's for Chip8 and Gameboy, and writing VMs REALLY helped me to understand how a computer works from a binary level. Feels really genuine that you dont know everything and use Google, really shows how the day to day of a software engineer is.
I came across this and was compelled to sit all the way through it. I love your delivery, your voice and that you haven't edited anything, leaving in your mistakes. Thank you
One underated aspect of this kind of videos is that making mistakes is actually good to keep in the video instead of editing it out. Really makes it engaging and relatable as if we're doing it together. Great content !
This is unironically the exact type of video I wanted to see about this topic. A "Let's build X" from start to finish with really great commentary and explanation on the side. Keep it up man
I whole-heartedly appreciate how you approach communication, have subscribed, and am looking forward to both learning from and seeing the growth of this channel. Stay grounded!
Just stumbled upon this video thanks to CZcams's recommendations, and I'm already amazed by the content. Haven't had a chance to watch it all the way through yet, but it's clear that a subscription is well-deserved. Can't wait to dive into the rest of the video!
first video ive seen of yours and i love that you go into detail and try to explain stuff the viewer may not understand, it really helped me understand and enjoy the video more. keep it up!
I want to correct the record: Rust is sacrilege, C++ is a sin, but C is pure. Come into the light, my child. Embrace C. It loves you, even with all your flaws.
And the Lord spake, saying, "First shalt thou develop thy programme. Then, shalt thou compile in C. No more. No less. C shalt be the language thou shalt compile, and the language of the compilation shalt be C. C++ shalt thou not compile, nor either compile thou preprocessing, excepting that thou then proceed to C. Rust is right out. Once the language C, being the proper language, be written, then lobbest thou thy Holy Hand Grenade of Antioch towards thy foe, who, being naughty in My sight, shall snuff it."
Wow, this video is incredible! The way you code is truly impressive. Your approach to understanding how things work reminds me of myself. I often worry about forgetting syntax, but you've reassured me that it's normal to forget syntax.
I love this! I started a project similar to this a while back but never got anywhere. Your ability to explain something is incredible! Can’t wait to see how this goes.
This was so helpful to watch. Ty for not cutting out the errors etc. Seeing how you thought through and resolved them really made this much more educational.
Oh, it's nice to see someone else making long-form coding videos like this. There are far too few people making this sort of content. I really hope you continue.
Sir absolute solid teaching style. Really enjoyable to watch and follow along. Perfect pacing, just the right amount of wit and crisp information. This ist the first video I watched from you, and you already earned a new subscriber. Keep up the amazing work!
this guy keeps giving me Steven he vibes. And please don't stop. don't be discouraged by the number of subs or views just do what you are doing. This is after all god's work
Dude, this was amazing. Thank you so much. To be honest, I had fallen asleep on the sofa and woke up at 4AM. I put this video on almost at random to go to sleep horizontally on an actual bed. I thought "I hope this dude isn't really annoying" but I ended up staying up to watch it. If you did this basically off the cuff, it's brilliant. If not, it's brilliant. I am *super* excited to watch the next parts. You're helping answer a question I've had for years and doing it wonderfully. Have a great weekend!
This is a great way of teaching when you are showing your unscripted research, googling, what goes through your head, making and fixing mistakes, starting with a naïve approach, reinventing bicycles, etc. This teaches much more about the subject than just giving a final polished solution.
Thx for making this video, even tho you struggle a lot it just makes the video way more relatable and enjoyable imo. It just shows what programming REALLY is sometimes, that it's not this thing you do sometimes where you write perfect C++ or whatever in like a 20 minute video where it just makes you feel like you are not good enough because you can't do it like that.
Thank you so much for doing something actually interesting, as opposed to mind numbing web dev tutorials. I’m a mid level programmer by day and looking to do more low level stuff as a hobby. I really liked that you didn’t cut the video, and did some of your research on the fly. It was like hanging out with a buddy. Fun video!
Hey Pixeled, thank you for this video about Compilers. At around 17:00 when dealing with your program exit code, you put 420 into rdi and get 164 in return. That is totally normal and It has nothing to do with registers, that is just how exit(2) works, the exit code is masked with 0xFF so the exit value cannot exceed 255 : " The value status & 0xFF is returned to the parent process as the process's exit status". Cheers ! o/
the content is enjoyable thank you man I checked your profile and I think that you have a bright future, keep it up ( I finished all straight to the end )
i love that this guy simply woke up and decided he wanted to teach us to create a compiler without even researching or scripting the videos, just pure skills and remembering the syntax on the go. thanks for the content!
I really like how you explain things. No need to make anything look more complicated than it is. For learning, it much more efficient to focus relevant parts, not nyances.
You've made me understand and connect the dots about how compiling and linking works more than my Compiler Design Course at University which I studied for 6 months 😭
It just came up on my feed and I could not resist. This is what I am talking about! This is the engine room of the ocean liner (metaphorically speaking) Great presentation.
It's obvious you were struggling with C++, so exactly at 37:45 I said to myself "If there's an error right there or if it doesn't print anything, I'm going to sub this guy". Seconds later, I died of laughter and subbed, the video is top tier quality. I'm happy I found this gem of channel lol.
> CZcamsr I've never heard of > "Let's Create a Compiler" > "part 1" > over 1hr long *sighs* fine... In all seriousness, this does interest me so I'm glad I got the recommendation for it!
I've been thinking of making a big project like a basic game engine without any libraries but I'm not really out of my comfort zone yet lol. This video is great and I've seen your whole channel is pretty good too.
I've actually done that too, if you look on my GitHub for "Voxelverse", it's a Minecraft clone written in c++ that uses vulkan directly without any game engine/framework. I might make a video on it in the future
The important difference is that the value 420 is never truncated by the assembler itself, nor the limitation of the rdi register. The 64-bit value gets passed as is to the kernel, and the exit code is indeed taken by modulo 256.
i think it just takes dl register not rdi, you can use rdi but linux syscall is still using the lowest part of this register in terms of compatability I suppose
Great content man! Its been quite a while I don't watch long videos here but yours I did pretty much! Tbh I kinda were losing concentration over lexicon analysis part due to the tuto taking a diferent pace this moment onwards. But dont take it as a bad criticism, instead as a constructive, also it's totally understandable consering how you were building your explanation and the the fact you were going fully on the fly with everything =) Anyways, carrying that part out the way you did also helped on showing your debugging thinking process for C++ and provide insights imo! So huge kudos for that! I'm eargerly waiting for the second part!
"If your IDE is not using 10 gigs of your RAM, you're not doing it right." LOLOLOLOLOL Great video man, kept me hooked and entertained for the entire hour, and learned a lot as well! Keep up the amazing content!
I turned into a man that watches compiler videos for entertainment, props to you for making it so entertaining
ahaha me too wtf
same
I was looking for something to watch while having dinner and YT recommended this. It'll have to do I guess.
Prep less programming tutorials are always funny😂
lol same
This dude : "I can´t remember how to do this"
*Start to create a fucking compiler*
😂😂😂
"I'm not gonna use rust because I write memory safe code"...
The memory safe code: "Does this have a destructor?... I'm gonna assume it does" (36:30)
🤣
It indeed does have it, an automatically created one.
But yeah, .... memory safe code, ...
"I am not gonna use rust because the community is terrible" is a better reason tbh
@@Sh4dowOfD34th what's so wrong about community tho
@@AbsoluteVR I got verbally abused for saying C++ is better
15:53
There is nothing with RDI register, just (in Linux) the exit codes are specified in the range 0-255 (1 byte).
The number 420 lost its most significant bytes and became 164.
Here is a visualization of what you are saying
| 00000000 | 0000000 | 00000001 | 10100100 | rdi register (420)
| | | | 10100100 | return syscall (164)
The return syscall only views the first 8 bits of the 64 bit rdi register
@@sethbuchanan6937 Thank you!
I was looking for this. not high enough^^ have my upvote.
`man 3 exit` states: "The exit() function causes normal process termination and the least significant byte of status (i.e., status & 0xFF) is returned to the parent." Turns out `420 & 0xFF == 164`.
This, the exit code is char-sized
No way, Tsoding at home 😮
That was the first thing I thought too
it's the Iosevka that does it for me
💀
Tsoding without emacs
American, windows using Tsoding
"there are two types of programmers - those who have written a compiler and those who haven't"
- Terry "The greatest programmer that's ever lived" Davis
I studied CS in the same halls as that man... nay, that God.
Would creating a database engine from scratch and sql compliant be considered at that level too?
No, you should also build the operating system and the hardware, transistor by transistor
I'm trying😭
@@doomsday7699better use lamps
I really appreciate that the sequences, where you are not quite sure are NOT cut out. It's really helpful, to see the thought process in a specific language / context, when you are not sure what to do. For example, which docs to turn to, or how to use intellisense etc. to find the information one needs to solve the problem. Seeing just some finished code explained is not nearly as helpful as this format in my opinion. Very watchable. Thank you!
True! In fact, I think showing the thought process is the most useful part of these type of videos.
I don't think I would have finished the video if it was streamlined and cut down
and hella fun
It's insane how well you explained things in this video. Not only did you successfully explain basic Assembly, you also made me understand all the premises of compiling. I also like the human aspect of this video, of making mistakes and fixing them live. Thanks for this.
I can tell this channel will go somewhere with commitment, keep up the good work!
decided to comment to say the same thing.
totally agree. Maybe a little more editing but I think this guy can explain things well
@@doresearchstopwhining "a little" is very important here, I kind of like the bare-bones explanation. there are definitely some parts that are unnecessary, and maybe some visualization..s? i don't know. but i hope this guy doesn't become into an over-stimulating mess.
Subbed just watching this comment within 1 min into video.
Yes! Please keep going! Looking forward to your next videos
No cap, how do I donate?
Never even considered donating to a CZcamsr before but this, but this is the content that’s enjoyable.
Not the average hour long video with cuts and edits everywhere, because every time the person has to look something up it’s all secretive and never seen.
I got a lot of respect for someone that is probably a little bit nervous because they may be using a language they’re not be 110% comfortable or familiar with, but is well and truly comfortable enough to show what’s going on in their head as they walk through the project and show all the pivots and everything that’s happening.
I fucking love it, I got a lot of respect for it and I want to support this kind of “free thought with a goal” style CZcams videos.
If you’ve got some way to accept donations, let me know 🙌💪
I'm lucky enough to not need the money. I do this for fun. It's the thought that counts, thanks!
@@pixeled-yt Legend, and you're humble too!
You can't donate to smaller channels I think. Kinda sad since usually they are the ones that need it the most.
@@NullPointerDereference I was happy to PayPal or Patreon lol
I like that you are not afraid of showing your mistakes, because that is how you learn - keep creating more
Mistakes and forgetting easy things. Something I tell newbies is that you don't need to memorise content but rather know that it exists and understand it when you see it again. E.g. what an entry point is, not the exact syntax.
You make the learning so much more approachable for people with no previous understanding of compilers or asm. This style of teaching where you build a project live while explaining why you make that decision is so comprehensible. Thank you
Humanizing programming
learning from this one is learning the wrong things.
@@Merilix2 elaborate maybe?
As a self taught software engineer that loves going deep into all the layers this is great introduction! Currently Im building VM's for Chip8 and Gameboy, and writing VMs REALLY helped me to understand how a computer works from a binary level. Feels really genuine that you dont know everything and use Google, really shows how the day to day of a software engineer is.
Google is our best friend
Damn bro i wish i was like u
based
do you mind sharing a few resources that have helped you in that direction ? I too want to write an emulator
I came across this and was compelled to sit all the way through it. I love your delivery, your voice and that you haven't edited anything, leaving in your mistakes.
Thank you
One underated aspect of this kind of videos is that making mistakes is actually good to keep in the video instead of editing it out. Really makes it engaging and relatable as if we're doing it together. Great content !
"This is very safe code"
"I'll figure it out when it crashes on me"
love this guy
This is unironically the exact type of video I wanted to see about this topic. A "Let's build X" from start to finish with really great commentary and explanation on the side. Keep it up man
I whole-heartedly appreciate how you approach communication, have subscribed, and am looking forward to both learning from and seeing the growth of this channel. Stay grounded!
Just stumbled upon this video thanks to CZcams's recommendations, and I'm already amazed by the content. Haven't had a chance to watch it all the way through yet, but it's clear that a subscription is well-deserved. Can't wait to dive into the rest of the video!
You made the process of creating a compiler so straightforward and intuitive, I wish I had this video in school during my compiler class!
This video is so underrated. Very simple and easy to understand to get you started with the world of compiler development! Thanks 🎉🎉🎉
first video ive seen of yours and i love that you go into detail and try to explain stuff the viewer may not understand, it really helped me understand and enjoy the video more. keep it up!
man this is one of the best, most informative videos i've ever seen
please continue the series. this one's beyond amazing
I want to correct the record: Rust is sacrilege, C++ is a sin, but C is pure. Come into the light, my child. Embrace C. It loves you, even with all your flaws.
true dat
Amen
We love C!!! 😍😍😍
Nuh uh bro, we already have Tsoding for C, let the man C++
And the Lord spake, saying, "First shalt thou develop thy programme. Then, shalt thou compile in C. No more. No less. C shalt be the language thou shalt compile, and the language of the compilation shalt be C. C++ shalt thou not compile, nor either compile thou preprocessing, excepting that thou then proceed to C. Rust is right out. Once the language C, being the proper language, be written, then lobbest thou thy Holy Hand Grenade of Antioch towards thy foe, who, being naughty in My sight, shall snuff it."
Wow, this video is incredible! The way you code is truly impressive. Your approach to understanding how things work reminds me of myself. I often worry about forgetting syntax, but you've reassured me that it's normal to forget syntax.
"This is SO safe" has got to be my favorite quote from this video :D
I love this! I started a project similar to this a while back but never got anywhere. Your ability to explain something is incredible! Can’t wait to see how this goes.
same
This was so helpful to watch. Ty for not cutting out the errors etc. Seeing how you thought through and resolved them really made this much more educational.
Excited to see more of this series. Very good energy- keeping it informative and entertaining. Nice work!
Oh, it's nice to see someone else making long-form coding videos like this. There are far too few people making this sort of content. I really hope you continue.
your explanation style is amazing. non-monotone, slightly fast paced. its exactly like how i would explain something. love it
Didn't know anything about complier but always wanted to know - watching you explaining is really a awesome feeling - good luck 🎉
This is really opening my eyes, thank you man! I hope that you will continue this series, all the best!
Sir absolute solid teaching style. Really enjoyable to watch and follow along. Perfect pacing, just the right amount of wit and crisp information.
This ist the first video I watched from you, and you already earned a new subscriber.
Keep up the amazing work!
Liked your way of explaining things and showing everything hand on. Keep up the work waiting for new videos of this series!!
this guy keeps giving me Steven he vibes. And please don't stop. don't be discouraged by the number of subs or views just do what you are doing. This is after all god's work
I’ve been missing this kind of content for a while. This is great, keep it up!!
super cool style with experimentation. Pls keep up. thank you very much : )
Dude, this was amazing. Thank you so much. To be honest, I had fallen asleep on the sofa and woke up at 4AM. I put this video on almost at random to go to sleep horizontally on an actual bed. I thought "I hope this dude isn't really annoying" but I ended up staying up to watch it. If you did this basically off the cuff, it's brilliant. If not, it's brilliant. I am *super* excited to watch the next parts. You're helping answer a question I've had for years and doing it wonderfully. Have a great weekend!
Man you deserve way more subscribers, I am glad I got this recommended and found you!!
This is a great way of teaching when you are showing your unscripted research, googling, what goes through your head, making and fixing mistakes, starting with a naïve approach, reinventing bicycles, etc. This teaches much more about the subject than just giving a final polished solution.
Thx for making this video, even tho you struggle a lot it just makes the video way more relatable and enjoyable imo. It just shows what programming REALLY is sometimes, that it's not this thing you do sometimes where you write perfect C++ or whatever in like a 20 minute video where it just makes you feel like you are not good enough because you can't do it like that.
“Thats right. We have our first Seg fault”. I fucking died.
Thank you so much for doing something actually interesting, as opposed to mind numbing web dev tutorials. I’m a mid level programmer by day and looking to do more low level stuff as a hobby.
I really liked that you didn’t cut the video, and did some of your research on the fly. It was like hanging out with a buddy. Fun video!
"It's not good code, but I just wanted to get something working."
This is the way to write code. First, make it work. Then, make it optimized.
the spirit brooooooo!
"We can refactor it later" is so relatable
Hey Pixeled, thank you for this video about Compilers. At around 17:00 when dealing with your program exit code, you put 420 into rdi and get 164 in return. That is totally normal and It has nothing to do with registers, that is just how exit(2) works, the exit code is masked with 0xFF so the exit value cannot exceed 255 : " The value status & 0xFF is returned to the parent process as the process's exit status". Cheers ! o/
novice tsoding
I love his content
In the beginning Tsode had hair -- then the multithread on his head left him
Georgeus video! I would love to follow along with this series
Easily one of the best personalities that I've seen in CompSci, keep up the good work!
Your way of explaining things is really entertaining. I hope to see more content in the future!!
I never thought that I would enjoy watching a 'creating compiler' video. Good content
please keep the one-take style videos like this, it really helps a lot like many other people already stated.
the content is enjoyable thank you man I checked your profile and I think that you have a bright future, keep it up
( I finished all straight to the end )
This is some top tier tutorial. You explain everything so well....
i love that this guy simply woke up and decided he wanted to teach us to create a compiler without even researching or scripting the videos, just pure skills and remembering the syntax on the go. thanks for the content!
This was very entertaining, now I want to try writing my own compiler for memes. Keep up the good work, I’m subbing for sure.
Great video bro, I’m looking forward to seeing the next one!
Amazing. Never seen a devlog explained this good.
I’m really looking forward to the next instance of this. Keep it up!
Wow. Yes, this is the kind of content I need in my feed. Good stuff!
I really like how you explain things. No need to make anything look more complicated than it is. For learning, it much more efficient to focus relevant parts, not nyances.
I love how not cut the video is, it's so useful for us to see even when you're not sure about something!
Btw you're the most chad Windows user XD
Keep up the good work! You've earned yourself another subscriber.
a new hidden gem just found !, keep up... your content is really unique and awesome !!
You've made me understand and connect the dots about how compiling and linking works more than my Compiler Design Course at University which I studied for 6 months 😭
It just came up on my feed and I could not resist. This is what I am talking about! This is the engine room of the ocean liner (metaphorically speaking) Great presentation.
It's obvious you were struggling with C++, so exactly at 37:45 I said to myself "If there's an error right there or if it doesn't print anything, I'm going to sub this guy". Seconds later, I died of laughter and subbed, the video is top tier quality. I'm happy I found this gem of channel lol.
Awesome video! Really hope you continue with this series.
> CZcamsr I've never heard of
> "Let's Create a Compiler"
> "part 1"
> over 1hr long
*sighs* fine...
In all seriousness, this does interest me so I'm glad I got the recommendation for it!
I wish you more success. You and Tsoding keeps me motivated. Thank you
I've been thinking of making a big project like a basic game engine without any libraries but I'm not really out of my comfort zone yet lol. This video is great and I've seen your whole channel is pretty good too.
I've actually done that too, if you look on my GitHub for "Voxelverse", it's a Minecraft clone written in c++ that uses vulkan directly without any game engine/framework. I might make a video on it in the future
Absolutely love this style! Keep it up!
what a great video honestly, love your way of teaching, didn't get me bored to death and learned a lot in the process
The exit code returned by the kernel is taken modulo 256, so you'll get the remainder when 420 is divided by 256, which is 164.
Technically the assembler knows the size of each register, so it would just take the 8 bits necessary for the machine code, no modulus needed :)
Thanks for the explanation. I think this is in line with what Pixeled said in the video.
The important difference is that the value 420 is never truncated by the assembler itself, nor the limitation of the rdi register. The 64-bit value gets passed as is to the kernel, and the exit code is indeed taken by modulo 256.
i think it just takes dl register not rdi, you can use rdi but linux syscall is still using the lowest part of this register in terms of compatability I suppose
I’ve never thought that watching a programming tutorial can be entertaining 👍 Thank you for that
I'm also writing my own compiler from scratch, I'll be looking forward to this series!
This is exactly my programming style LOL. I love this, instant subscribe. Keep up the good videos.
thanks for making these fun && informative videos mate!
Fascinating stuff. Can't wait for the next episodes.
7:52 "who isn't in 64bits in 2023 ?"
*embedded developer* : hold my beer !
(Really good video btw, I just discovered and I subscribed !)
the most relatable think is when you wrestle with the c++ language to get it to do what you want
Fun and simple video explaining such complicated theme
This is not only an educational video, but also an entertaining one
I actually sit through the whole video. Not gonna lie, I enjoy every single seconds of it and looking forward to the whole series...
very nice viedo, not just trowing information at you but actually showing how one can find that information! thanks a lot
Thank you, it's extremely informative. Keep on!
Great content man! Its been quite a while I don't watch long videos here but yours I did pretty much! Tbh I kinda were losing concentration over lexicon analysis part due to the tuto taking a diferent pace this moment onwards. But dont take it as a bad criticism, instead as a constructive, also it's totally understandable consering how you were building your explanation and the the fact you were going fully on the fly with everything =)
Anyways, carrying that part out the way you did also helped on showing your debugging thinking process for C++ and provide insights imo!
So huge kudos for that! I'm eargerly waiting for the second part!
Man this video is so fun and useful at the same time
this have tsoding vibe and i love it. i hope your channel will grow big
the mistakes were golden real time problem solving, very educational and very intentional
Love the whole unscripted and figuring errors on the fly. Like we all do! Well done.
Finally! A C++ Video that isn't a tutorial. Please continue this series, it will prove to be extremely useful.
Its like youtube knew I have a compiler class coming up soon. Thank you!
You have a good vibe dude. Subscribed! Keep it rolling
I love this guy. So entertaining, even for someone with not much more than a couple of CS101s... Thanks! 🙏 🙏 🙏
Don’t know anything about C++, assembly or compilers but watched this from start to finish. Great video
"If your IDE is not using 10 gigs of your RAM, you're not doing it right." LOLOLOLOLOL
Great video man, kept me hooked and entertained for the entire hour, and learned a lot as well! Keep up the amazing content!
stumbling upon this video like 5 mins before I need to leave for work. Now I am late. Subbed
Nice work! This is really great