How did the Giraffe Evolve?
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- čas přidán 6. 12. 2015
- Despite being one of the most iconic animals on earth, few people are familiar with the natural history of the giraffe. Relatively little information about giraffe evolution is available online for the curious laymen. In light of three new publications made in the past few weeks and months I thought that there is no better time to change that. Enjoy!
Written, Narrated, and edited by Ethan Cowgill
Contact:
dinofeed@gmail.com
@ethancowgill
Art Credits In Order of Appearance
2:57 Ilingoceros by bubblekirby (DeviantArt) bubblekirby.deviantart.com/
3:49 Xenokeryx by Israel M. Sánchez
4:05 Wildlife of the Miocene Era by Mauricio Anton
5:05 Plesiosaur by Dmitry Bogdanov
5:50 Canthumeryx sirtensis by TORIMORRIS torimorris.deviantart.com/
5:56 Bramatherium by WillemSvdMerwe
5:59 Sivatherium from California Academy of Sciences
6:04 Pliocen of africa color by dustdevil dustdevil.deviantart.com/
References:
Vocalisation in Giraffa camelopardalis
www.biomedcentral.com/1756-050...
Palaeomerycidae
www.donaldprothero.com/files/9...
New Palaeomerycid from the Miocene of Spain
journals.plos.org/plosone/arti...
Climacoceratidae
epub.ub.uni-muenchen.de/22387/
Sexual Dimorphism in Prolibytherium
www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10...
Evolution of the elongated neck in Giraffa camelopardalis
rsos.royalsocietypublishing.or...
All Music From CC of SoundCloud.
In Order of Appearance
1. "Three Aimless Clouds" by Michael Ash Sharbaugh
2. "The Blueshift (Kxmode Remix) - Dorris Terrible"
3. "The Lydian Zone (Improv)" by Bret Sinclair
All copyrighted footage and images in this video are protected under FAIR USE for reasons of Commentary, Education, Criticism, Parody, and Social Satire.
Copyright Disclaimer Under Section 107 of the Copyright Act 1976, allowance is made for "fair use" for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, and research. Fair use is a use permitted by copyright statute that might otherwise be infringing. - Věda a technologie
Giraffe calls are terrifying
Aren't they?! So creepy...
War of the worlds. Hauntingly beautiful
they sounds like that annoying showing off motorcyclist that go past our house
Lmao I thought the giraffe dinosaurs were the ancestors of giraffes
Interesting. At the Disney Animal Kingdom Resort in Florida, the giraffe and other herd animals actually walk all night. They come to your balcony looking for treats during the day, but it's against resort rules to feed them.
You should do your next video on elephant evolution, not a lot of people know about elephant evolution, so you can tell people about evolution
True, Moetherium doesn't get enough attention.
Yeah, it's quite fascinating, plus there are theories linking the mass movement of proboscidians out of Africa with mass extinctions of more primitive giant herbivores, like the indricotheres.
+baranguirus
What are proboscidians and indricotheres
Draco Pheonix Proboscideans are elephants, indricotheres were giant rhinos as tall as giraffes.
From a friend :-)
czcams.com/video/ogSttUF9mbo/video.html
Another interesting co-evolution of giraffe like features can be seen in the camelids. Miocene North America. Aepycamelus sp. also had the elongated necks we associate with giraffes and probably a similar lifestyle on the Miocene savannas of the great plains.
kim Foley you mean parallel or convergent evolution.
Excellent review of the evolution of the giraffe.
2016 now there are 4 species
What other than the pronghorn?
Pronghorn is one of them?
John Smith so which are? New species of giraffe?
southern giraffe (Giraffa giraffa),
Masai giraffe (G. tippelskirchi),
reticulated giraffe (G. reticulata)
northern giraffe (G. camelopardalis), which includes the Nubian giraffe (G. c. camelopardalis) as a distinct but related subspecies.
Excellent documentary!!!Great pics!!!
From a friend ;-)
The giraffe shows something *completely” different! :-D
czcams.com/video/LHcTYRnQ3eY/video.html
that karate giraffe in the beginning was really BOSS
it's tremendously important to understand evolution because it's literally how things work.
I was just recently discussing giraffe evolution with someone an ran across a lot of the same information but you went even deeper than I did. I'm glad to say that I learned a good bit from this production.
+ErgoCogita Glad you enjoyed! Since your comment I have added references in the description to the studies that I mentioned. I recommend reading them if you're interested in digging deeper into this stuff.
The Living Past
awesome! Thanks.
Another interesting feature of the Giraffe is that its recurrent laryngeal nerve takes the same path from the brain to its larynx as all other mammals but whereas this path is usually a short route from the brain around the aorta and to the larynx, in the Giraffe this is a detour 7 times longer than it needs to be. If it was "intelligently designed" then the designer needs to go back to school. But this is exactly what we'd expect from evolution.
2consider No. You're not getting it. You're not recognizing how much time is involved and how gradual the process is.
Each individual Giraffe ancestor was a completely functional creature. If it wasn't, it didn't get to breed and pass on the problem it had. Those with _slightly_ longer necks and supporting apparatus were better at surviving.
Your comment reminds me a bit of what Kent Hovind says about how human men couldn't have bred if women hadn't evolved alongside them. That's a complete misunderstanding of the process.
If you don't accept evolution then 2 things are almost certain:
- You're religious and
- You don't know much about evolutionary theory
2consider "tell us how it's possible for life forms to continue if the male and the female didn't evolve along side each other."
It's not but that's Hovind's claim. The whole idea displays a _profound_ ignorance of what evolution is. It's no wonder he doesn't accept it, he doesn't know anything about it.
Actually I think Hovind DOES know he's speaking bullshit and he's doing it for the money.
My degree is in physics what's your in?
2consider Your claim about Giraffe evolution is ludicrous. Don't you know how to use Google?
www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/10/151007033229.htm
The idea that God created the Giraffe (because I can guarantee that's what you think even though you haven't said it) makes no sense when you look at the tortuous path the recurrent laryngeal nerve takes all the way from the brain down the neck, around the Aorta and then back up to its target only centimetres away from its starting point.
This creator is incompetent if he exists!
However the Theory of Evolution not only explains it, it *_predicts_* it !!!
Because evolution goes in tiny steps. It doesn't create a whole new route for a nerve in one generation (which is what it would have to do to correct the problem).
It's telling that only religious people deny evolution. But we know why.
Also even if the Giraffe fossil record is scant (and I'm not saying it is), the records for other mammals isn't. The record for human and whale ancestry is way more complete than it needs to be to prove evolution.
So if a lack of fossil evidence for the Giraffe is your "evidence" you would have to make the claim that other mammals evolved but God separately _wished_ Giraffes into existence.
How likely do you think that is?
Can you name any other animal that retains blood in it's head like a sponge?
Well done. One of of best videos covering the interesting history of the giraffe I remember seeing. Glad I found your channel!
it's a shame that science like evolution is discouraged by some. I'm not really a scientist, but evolution and animals fascinate me. like if you grew up on zoo books and animal planet when it had actual animals
New edit: Just so you guys know, I still believe the Universe was created by God. Assuming evolution was real, it was invented by God like all other rules of nature. I don't see why we can't have both. Sure the Bible says the Earth was created in seven days. But who knows what a biblical "day" truly is. Basically it doesn't have to be so simple as one side is entirely correct and one is entirely wrong. If you ask me.
That Guy Andy I’m there with u I figured out everything by putting in where links were missing
Andrew Gan I tend to be both thinking that God spent millions of years making humans from primitive ape like mammals to the dominant and most intelligent animal species on earth so far
+ Andrew Gan "species"-ist maybe in that it says we are above animals, but that's not really new...most people still feel that way today. From what I've read, the bible actually teaches the opposite of racism though. For one, it says that God is very concerned about justice and that you should not show partiality to anyone. It also says that there is no difference between rich/poor people (wealth), jews or gentiles (race), or slaves and free people (class), but that all are equal in Christ. It also teaches that arrogance is very foolish behavior. You should check your facts first before you just assume you know what the Bible says. I will not deny that some Christians are arrogant and racist though. That's just people in general though--they are always looking for an excuse to think they are better then others.
From a friend :-)
czcams.com/video/ogSttUF9mbo/video.html
Evolution is not real
So fascinating I've always loved giraffes.
Great video, but I am pretty sure Okapi is pronounced "oh-copy".
And, I am pretty sure that giraffes and okapis are in the same family but are of two different genera, not two species of giraffes.
+FishHeadSalad There is only a single species in the genus Giraffa (Giraffa camelopardalis). The only other extant species in Giraffidae is Okapia johnstoni. Therefore there are two species of Giraffes.
+The Living Past
You say "two [extant] species of giraffe" at the very beginning. Then @ 3:02 and @ 4:58, I thought you were clarifying that when you said "giraffe" when the chart showed genus Giraffa. Based on that, and the fact that you never showed anything pointing to genus Okapi, I assumed that you meant two extant species of giraffe within the genus Giraffa. I didn't realize that you had skipped over genera and went directly to family.
+FishHeadSalad Just a simple misunderstanding. Also the phylogeny of Pecora generated by Sanchez et al. 2015 aims to highlight the placement of the Palaeomerycid Xenokeryx amidalae gen. et sp. nov. within Pecora. Thus it represents the entirety of Giraffidae (both extant and extinct) by the genus Giraffa. Notice how you will see Palaeomerycid and Climacoceratid genera and not a multitude of Giraffids such as Sivatherium or Samotherium. I provided a link to the article in the description. There you will find the entire figure in question.
+The Living Past
If "the *_entirety_* of Giraffidae [is represented ] (both extant and extinct) by the genus Giraffa", where does genus Okapi fit in?
+FishHeadSalad As I said the phylogeny in Sanchez et al. 2015 attempts to display the placement of the new Palaeomerycid Xenokeryx. In an attempt to save space, instead of listing every species within Giraffidae (which wouldn't be relevant because its purpose is to place Xenokeryx in Pecora) it simply uses Giraffa to represent Giraffidae (including Okopia, Sivatherium etc.).
Great music choice, not sure what it is, but it’s amazing
Very good video. Thanks.
55 people disliked this video. Humanity is lost. This is an educational video about giraffes with solid editing, and 55 excuses for life disliked this video. Unbelievable.
Amazing work.
they need to make a documentary on the evolution of 2 icons the giraffe and the elephant someday
Amazing stuff!
Thanks for the explanition
Giraffe calls sound eerie, imaging walking through the African savannah at night and hearing that.
I’d be a nervous wreck.
Hey Ethan! This video is pure gold; one must watch it several times to get comprehend fully. I'm pretty sure you and your channel is gon' go big plus I'd be glad to witness that. One quick glance at the like dislike number proves my point. Keep goin man! Good luck
Prateek Yadav #FACTS
You are correct, sir.... but why use the "s" word?
... it is is distracting from your excellent points. :)
Thanks for this video I found it really helpful and interesting :)
You should do a video on Elephant evolution someday.
There are so many odd creatures on earth that i question, what did those things evolve from and im glad i learned what one of those odd creatures did evolve from
Very interesting and informative video. Do you have videos on the evolution of other animals, like big cats?
This video is so unbelievably excellent. I love it so much!!!
Great Video !!!!!!
This helped a lot tbh I thought it was gunna suck but straight up very useful
Good work. Just one point, Sivatherium is an extinct genus of giraffid that ranged throughout Africa to the Indian Subcontinent. The names is Indian.
It's no mystery. They can't see each other at night. So they communicate by their weird groans. Horses who have great night vision also tend to communicate at night.
My horse Buddy, a big blond quarter horse, thought it was his duty to keep us appraised of everything that was going on. A mare next door gave birth. SCREECH. A horse got loose next door & was having too much fun. SCREECH. Coyotes were around. Danger! SCREECH. People were coming up our driveway. SCREECH.
He would get out of the trailer at a horse show. Have to let everyone know he was there. SCREECH. I would shake my ringing head & say, "Thanks Buddy."
Fascinating
So what's the overall
common ancestor of the giraffe?
Very interesting! :D
they do it to annoy the predators
very helpful
How come unicorns are fake but a leopard skinned, moose-camel hybrid with a 20ft long neck is real?
1:55 lion chose wrong prey lol haha
From a friend :-)
czcams.com/video/ogSttUF9mbo/video.html
People say you can only find giraffes in Africa but there was a recent discovery of North American giraffes that can be found in the snowy mountains of Colorado. They are very advanced animals and have learned to use various objects such as skis and snow boards. They have also learned how to mimic human speach. However, they only know a few English words such as "I" " Am" "A" "Giraffe". Magnificent creatures, right?
Not to reopen a wound... hehe... but would you pronounce ilingoceros like rhinoceros but just with iling on the front? Just from the spelling I noticed that it was identical to rhin oceros from the letter o onward. I couldn't immediately find any guide for it in a quick search but I just thought that it probably would be more like ill ing ah sir us.
And I notice all of your graphics/sound credits in this vid. I didn't look at the other one. I never really do that. I snag so much from so many places I don't even know who did what since i just used random google image searches.
Deer with fangs???? That's crazy. Why would animals that eat leaves or whatever need long fangs for? I never knew there were such creatures. I'm not up on animals or plants, really. Guitar at the end... haha lydian mode. 4 to 5 over and over. AH, snap. I look up at the desc and what do I find... "The Lydian Zone" hahahhaha.
man... I would never make it in this animal study area. too many screwed up names. how would anyone every remember that many names for all of the animals? How many species are there??? 200,000??? Better you than me. :)
Very good video
You should do more vids like this
It's because it's head is so far from it's body.
Cheers Rory
That noise they only do at night is probably snoring lol
You can learn so much and appreciate so much about life on earth through evolution.
It’s too bad most people I know think it’s an elaborate conspiracy theory.
Remember the 1st time I saw an Okapi, truly surprised by the large body of the animal. They are impressively big!
Very interesting vocal tone
More interesting will be to know what led to such adaptation of long neck of giraffes?
Deers and other herbivores without long necks are also found in the same kind of habitat.
Niches, the deer and other herbivores already took care of the low laying vegetation. So there was less competition the upper leaves
@@itsmxtwist What a bot de bay bee giraffes? Pea pole say giraffes evolved a long neck two reach leaves,but de bay bees don't have long necks. Giraffes have long legs,So day knead a long neck two drink war da. De okapi is a devolved version of de giraffe,Knott de other way arounded.
@@iwkaoy8758 the babies do have long necks in proportion to their body. And until they get to their adult size they feed on lower vegetation, younger animals with specialized roles will often be in another when they are younger. And the okapi isn’t a “de-evolved” version of a giraffe. And their long legs and neck is to proportion out since if they had a super long neck it would have issues with blood getting to the head and same the other way around for the legs if they just had long legs
@@itsmxtwist Eye no de bay bees have long necks,but knott long enough two reach de leaves adult eat. Evolution teach de adults evolved de neck two reach de leaves two eat ,but if you Kent eat,you Kent evolve,you dye. If you Ken eat and survive than you don't knead two evolve. Isle so, Why de trees did evolve two get bigger,So de giraffe want eat their leaves?
Okapi ansestor had long legs too,So day wood ant have a problem width neck blood flow. Okapi are like pugs two wolves. Pugs have short legs and a short knows,but de ansestor it de evolved from have long legs and a long snout.
De pug is a de evolved version of wolves, same width okapis. De changes inn isle any moles comes from losing features,knott gaining dim.
@@iwkaoy8758 while I do get English is a hard language it’s quite a headache to even try to read what you type it’s so badly spelled. Babies don’t eat the same things the adults do they eat the low shrubs and shoots, and pug dogs are inbred and man made. Giraffes ancestors started having longer and longer necks this has been proven by the fossil record. And okapis are not an evolved version of the giraffe they are in the same family with a close common ancestor and they are not as tall as giraffes so blood flow wouldn’t be an issue
LOL JUST SAW THE GIRAFFE RUN OVER A LIONESS
XDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXD
YouObviouslyKnowMyDog NO NEED FOR PREDATORS, I LEFT MY OVAN ON
Pronghorns are giraffoids, along with okapi and giraffes. Those are the only three species still living.
Nice video.
My thoughts... Trees and bushes existed before, and grew to be taller than Giraffe because smaller animals didn't need to eat so much, thus the grew. Then Giraffe came along, necks grew longer do to the need to evolve. Eventually trees and bushes will get smaller and necks will get shorter.
Reasurch showed that giraffes and okpes closet living relativ is the pronghorn
2019 anyone😎
Great video by the way it is possible to recreate sivatherium by altering the DNA of okapi there is a chance that this will work or am i wrong ?in conclusion it is to save the okapi that is in danger of extinction and by the way I like cloning
why aren't there 1000's of fossil records to show the gradual elongation of the neck? We know that the long neck has to be supported by a strong heart muscle and many other factors, so that cannot be a sudden change. There are the gradual changes?
*why aren't there 1000's of fossil records to show the gradual elongation of the neck?*
Because fossilization is rare.
*We know that the long neck has to be supported by a strong heart muscle and many other factors, so that cannot be a sudden change.*
No one said it was sudden, that not how evolution works.
why okapi is it are extinchion
All my life, I thought it was pronounced o-KA-pea
it be like that
*_Bro I would shit cement if I was on a safari at night and I hear the fucking Giraffe call._*
Lmao
It removed the everstone and leveled up. Duh
Why do they sound like a War of the Worlds Tripod?
TyrannosaurusLives did they use their sound in the movie?
The simplicity of this assumption drives me crazy.Why didn't all of the other animals develop long necks in order to compete with the giraffe? This arena of evolutionary "science" always assumes that a creature's want or need leads to not only structural change but to genetic change as well. How can that make sense to anyone with an open mind? It is much more likely that Giraffe's eat those leaves because they have long necks than they are the only ones to develop long necks because they really really really wanted those leaves. Of course the X-factor in this equation is time. When something seems impossible or foolish you can always make it seem more possible by stating that it took a very long time. And in the case of evolutionary changes that time is measured in tens or even hundreds of millions of years. How can we argue with that? They must be right. After all it was a very long time.
I agree, it is very poorly stated. But there has been no misinterpretation. Only the obvious interpritetion of the facts as stated.
Exactly.
They don’t know, they they fill in the answer with “evolution”.
Just like religions fill in the answer with “God’.
Just say you don’t know.
And yeah - how convenient it’ll be so many millions of years so there’s no way to prove it.
Why are antelopes in the cow group
The pattern on there bodies interesting like the zebra
the music is from the lead guitarist of meshuggah
0:21 Idk why but i cant stop laugh about this pic...
An excellent account.
Perhaps you should consider adding some references?
+Obscure Inception Check the description
SpeedyThingGoIn4
Presumably added since my comment was posted.
Cool. Just thought you might want to see them.
Giraffe neck got long because of their environment e.g short neck need to eat grass but long has a tree so he need to get long inorder to eat so thats my theory
When I saw Prolibytherium I laughed so hard, look at the shape of it's head, what the fuck is that lmao
17 people are creationists
584 have been lied to.
It's 36 out of 1,000 now
By creationists, BoyKagome.
From a friend ;-)
The giraffe shows something *completely” different! :-D
czcams.com/video/LHcTYRnQ3eY/video.html
Nope 58 ppl are not falling for the lies of Darwinism
cuanta cantidad de formas ;O
'girrafes sound' sounds like that annoying showing off motorcyclist that go past our house
6:01 hentai is taking notes...
Starting 1:10 their like what’s up nigga
there's like eight kinds of giraffe
🦒
by using evolutionary stones.
At least we know why most NBA players are "coloured" 😂😂
The audio dough
Water, Flour, Yeast and Salt.
a giraffe can up to 30 miles per hour
So how did evolution figure out the neck needed to grow and engineer the process? I'd love to know how nature figured this out...............
Evolution isn't sentient process, it didn't "figure out" that neck needed to grow, natural selection did that.
@@tgstudio85 Natural selection? Managed to figure out that the neck was too short, figure out how long it needed to be and then go through the countless mechanical and chemical, dna adjustments to make it happen, and meanwhile the animal eats at burger king till its neck is long enough. B.u.l.l.s.h.i.t.
Exactly
Camel leopard dino mix
So cows are giraffes?
Evolutionists try to link the giraffe with the okapi, that's the best they can get. It would take a comprehensive re-engineering of an okapi.An okapi has none of the specific features that a giraffe needs to survive. Example ;longer legs and neck, strong enlarged heart, thick tough skin on legs, narrow leg blood vessels, strong long neck arteries, nerve pressure sensors, neck veins with 7 valves, enlarged cervical vertebrae, ball and socket joints on each vertebrae, a nuchal ligament, modified dorsal vertebrae, corresponding sub-cervical muscle, narrow trachea, arteries that can constrict, enlarged lungs and a "rete mirabile" (wonderful net) , a spongy tissue below the brain that moderates arterial blood flow to the brain when giraffe stoops, blood is also diverted away via other vessels.Many specific changes would need to happen together and in the correct sequence, even discarding failed mutations from natural selection the probability of the correct sets of mutations happening at the correct times is as close to zero as one can get.THE DESIGN OF THE GIRAFFE IS A MASTERPIECE OF GENETIC AND BIOMECHANICAL ENGINEERING.
o lani
Jesus christ that nightmare fuele
xetan: Where are the short neck giraffes? The giraffe family is guesswork. Finding animals that are similar means they are ancestors? Where is the chain? Archeology is over 150 years old and millions of fossils cannot connect them together. It's guesswork.
Ernest Imken It means they are likely ancestors or at least relatives on a close but branching tree of life.
Yep.
They don’t know so they just randomly guess.
They do the same in archeology.
1:54 maybe it's a way to keep in touch after dark, since they don't have the best night vision. it's sorta like Marco Polo.
They're snoring...
You pronounced Okapi incorrectly, it's not Oka'pi......it's O'kapi!
Where’s the proof that it evolved the long neck? I saw some similar animals but none with anything near the length of the giraffe as we know today. It evolved rapidly millions of years ago.... right. No change since then? And no intermediate species other than the deer with relatively short necks. No mention of how the heart had to develop along with the long neck. Because pumping blood vertically that distance requires some heart. If you put the giraffes heart in one of these deer looking animals I think it would blow the head clear off thus ending that species. I don’t think there is any more than speculation here. No concrete evidence. Great editing though.
Do anyone miss the extinct animals?
The kids from 1 million BC
;D
Okapi are a hybrid animal like ligers!!! It's a mix of of giraffe and zebra
I bet they are just snoring
ty hahaha
It didn't evolve, it's not a high enough level.
Me: "Yes, I love okapis!" (pronounced oh-cap-ees)
Him: "Oh-cuhpee"
Me: "wut"
So why giraffes evolved and okapis not ?
Its a shame that science does not take a agent or designer into the equation , seems to be a driving force for atheism
Because its impossible to prove that any designer is behind all of this, just as impossible to disprove the designer himself. If a designer somehow exists then that designer would’ve already showed himself to us long ago (And if those bible stories are true then why dosen’t he show himself or let us hear him frequently then? Not to mention the story of Jona is already enough to tell that those bibical tales are just like any ancient folklore). Atheism is just a lack of belief in a god, if god is loving and give us free will then why does he demands being worshipped? Why does he create a heaven or hell? That just makes free will pretty much pointless, especially since he knows everything as its have been claimed, making free will even more pointless since hes gona know what you’re going to choose always.