I remember finding your early videos when I was 14-15. I’m now about to start a BS physics degree (though I already have an AS in math, so it’ll just be a 2-3 year thing for me). It’s nice to know that these videos helped drive me to where I currently am. Thanks.
I'm about to finish my bs in physics (I'm a little off schedule because of covid, so I have 3 courses left, and 2 more semesters). But physics is a great choice. Not sure how the job opportunities are with only a bs, but I love learning all of this stuff.
Dr. Vivian Robinson pinpointed math mistake that led to theoretical Black Holes. Event horizon does not exist actually - it appeared due to a simple math blunder. "Nearly Black Holes" - term introduced by Eric Lerner, plasma physicist, - exist: they have magnetic field like normal or neutron stars have, and have strong time dilation around - that burns cosmic rays and particles, and other things explained in my Time Matters. As for "light cannot escape" see chapter 1 on Snell's law. Chapter 11 explains radiation around nearly black holes, around/in galaxy centers/bulges, what is going on in Fermilab.
It still seems to be a Misnomer to call Ultra compressed matter, energy, and space time a 'hole'. If all things are eventually sucked into one super sized black hole, you basically get the infinite point of all energy at the start of the Big Bang. And perhaps POP! it all just happens all over again.
@@SeaJay_Oceans big bang seems like the logical opposite of a black hole anyways. The black hole is a point in space where (within the event horizon) all paths through space end up at. Big bang is a point in space which you can never reach, as all points in space and time are expanding away from it.
Another marvellous video Eugene ,the clarity in voice, explanation, moreover the animation, everything is awesome. By the way can you try to make a video on how electrical energy flows from an AC source, a lot of misconceptions are there. Thanks
Thanks for the compliments. I already have many video on AC circuits. Perhaps the video which best addresses your question is my video on Real vs Reactive Power at czcams.com/video/2mD3UbSW7ho/video.html
The way physics is taught in schools and colleges is so pathetic, we are made to focus only on formulas to solve numerical problems which makes students lose their interest from the subject, but few people like Mr.Eugene have kept our curiosity alive. Great video as always. Thankyou 🙂
Your videos are so good, too bad that CZcams decided to forbid users from making subtitles for a videos they don't own, most of my friends here in Brazil used mine for understanding your videos.
This can still be done through email. If you want to submit new subtitles, please send me an email indicating which video you want to translate, and I will email you the subtitle file in English (which includes the timings). You will then be able to edit the file to replace the English with the translation, and then email the file back to me. I will then upload it to my channel. My email address is available in the "about" tab of my home page, if you view it on a PC. Thanks.
love the videos eugene, helped me a lot with some concepts i just couldn't wrap my head around. would love to see one on transmission lines and antennas
Would you please do a video on the large scale expansion of the Universe? I struggle to understand what an accelerating rate of expansion means for the Observable Universe. Will we see more, older galaxies as time goes on, or fewer galaxies?
It means we will see fewer galaxies. I cover the expansion of the Universe in the following videos. czcams.com/video/IFdfrtzo4SY/video.html czcams.com/video/g1WU35KxLrA/video.html
Fantastic to see new content will have to check out Patreon. Like how this video ties concepts from previous videos and gives a new perspective on black holes for a normal person like me.
Incredible video! A unified theory so we can understand the centre of black holes would be amazing! Are there any current theories you prefer or do you not like any of them?
This is amazing!! Thank you for the always amazing explanations. I also just saw a video from PBS spacetime mentioning how black holes in string theory are fuzzballs. Incredibly Interesting stuff.
3:46 I have a small question about this: In real life, as a black hole gets more mass, its event horizon expands; so in such a case, will the distant observer see the falling object crossing the expanding event horizon slowly, or would they see the object slowing moving outward with the expanding event horizon?
yes but in the newly formed gaps, caused by the further expansion, caused by the new mass falling into the black hole, there is the new information (or image/pucture) of said mass. long story short: as with anything black hole related, the reality of it is much more complicated than other oversimplified model can show. e.g. most blackholes aren't perfect spheres + they spin extremely fast + other weird effects.
@@GuRuGeorge03 a spinning hole 🕳 sounds awesome 👌 It's hard to wrap my head around all of this stuff. I've been watching videos like this since I was a young kid watching the original Carl Sagan cosmos series on vhs.
The event horizon expands just a tiny little bit. You won't see an effect there. Falling objects freeze in time and fade way as wave lengths gets stretched.
honestly one of the most informative videos ive seen on black holes. its surprising how ive heard so many people talk about black holes, but have never understood what people mean by "singularity" and "infinite density" until now.
Very good explanation. Indeed, one of the most important, defining characteristics of any generic ( subextremal) black hole is that the spacetime geometry is dynamical in their evergrowing interior, even for those black holes that are relatively isolated ( and so approximately stationary, from the " outside" perspective) for some period of time. Only a bit of nitpicking: The singularity, generically, is spacelike, so the statement that it is at the spatial center of the hole it is not exactly correct. The region near R= 0 can be considered as the spatial center of the collapsing star only before the singularity appears. After the " birth" of the black hole, the region in the vicinity of R= 0 where the curvature grows without bound is akin to a spacelike surface, so the singularity, according to classical General Relativity is, in a sense, the future endpoint of the trajectory of anything that falls in. It's just a consequence of the fact that the growth of the tidal forces / curvature inside the horizon is time dependent.
Great video! Do we have any hypothesis about what happens to subatomic particle when they fall into a black hole. Like there should be a point where the gravitational gradient is strong enough to overcome the strong force holding quarks together. Edit: replace field -> gradient
Great animation! One question though : what does it mean for space time to 'fall into' something? How can the spacetime itself move? If it does move, then where does it move, in a higher dimensional space?
Finally somebody did a video representation with the space grid in time! I have a question: there are 4 regions where the grid looks a lot more scarce than it is in other areas (on diagonals of some sort) - is this a limitation of the visualisation, some kind of aliasing, or is it how the space is curved in reality too? And the second question: each white dot of the grid gets really curved as it gets closer to the singularity - so is it a "pixel" of space that gets curved like this or is it the object in the space that gets curved?
In reply to your first question, this was just due to a limitation in my animation technique. It should be radially symmetrical. I am not sure I understand your second question. It is space-time which is curved.
@@EugeneKhutoryansky I think the base answer of space-time becoming curved would help answer that both the "pixel", or better described as differential element, in that point of space time becoming curved would result in any object which enters into this new element or "pixel" would conform to the physics of that point. Thinking in larger perspective would presume an object that exists in greater area than the element would see its own changing curvature as the physics influencing the object would cause the matter of the object to conform the physics of each point it exists, causing the object itself to curve. This would even be true on earth, as every differential point on an object is subject to different magnitudes of forces, but in a blackhole everything is extremely magnified. This really only holds up to a point to where the gravitational forces and influence of radiation would allow the bonds to still exist, as the object would no longer become an object, but breakdown into its base components. This is just my 2 cents at 5am, but I think the logic is mildly sound without getting into overly complicated physics in a comment and having to bring high level mathematics and physics theory into it.
spacetime close to a black hole is so warped that - every spatial direction points more and more towards the center of the black hole, till every direction points to the inside. - the time-dimension gets shorter and shorter (the speed of time slows town to a near-stop) When the black hole spins (fast enough), this area is surrounded by a more turbulent ergosphere, with more turbulent spacetime arrows, that can be "sailed" trough and escaped (with a lot of good timing and energy use), and that can theoretically be used to throw mass into the black hole in a close flyby through the ergosphere to gain a LOT of momentum AWAY from the black hole (and easily reaching escape velocity)
Me encantan los vídeos de Eugene porque son muy ilustrativos hasta para personas como yo que valoramos todo tipo de aprendizaje aun sin tener los estudios pertinentes. Me gustaría que los tradujesen al español. Gracias.
as far as I know time and space switches places in the black hole so the singularity is not a location but an event. and black holes evaporate in time and time slows down so by the time anything reaches the event horizont so much time passes that the black hole is not there so there is no inside of a black hole. These are also possibilities.
Imagine our visible universe is falling into a MASSIVE universe-size black hole. Could that explain the seeming space expansion we observe (being the stretching effect of falling into a hole)? Or would it only make expansion non-radial from every point, but accross an axis? Is it possible to calculate, if it was the case, how it would look to us and if its matching what we observe?
Awesome. I too reached that point of time stretching near black hole and light never reaches to an observer who is outside. For the observer whi is outside, the object is still travelling in black hole for infinite time.
I'm used to thinking of spacetime as a static manifold described by a metric. You seem to be saying we can also think of spacetime as pieces of space being "dragged around" overtime. Is there a way to mathematically formally size this?
The visual was showing a static spacetime, and the "draging" was representing the flow of time, but the shape of spacetime was not changing. It does get changed over time if a black hole is moving or being formed, of course.
I did not realize that it was spacetime itself that was falling into the black hole. Now I wonder if when we see the universe expand, if looked at from another perspective, it could be the average of all spacetime falling into all existing balck holes? So, the universe would be expanding into black holes, and since there are so many of them, and they are scattered all throughout the universe, it could look like either the universe is expanding, or the universe is falling into its black holes. The universe expanding and contracting infinitely and simultaneously. ?
The expansion of the universe as a whole happens with the same rate everywhere at any given " moment" of its cosmic history, and its acceleration due to the cosmological constant seems to be the same also wherever we look. Our universe is approximately homogeneous and isotropic, at least when we're talking about very big scales. It's not the same with black holes: The spacetime geometry of a collapsing star that forms a black hole is not isotropic. The curvature and the tidal forces grow as one comes closer, and inside the horizon they become time dependent, so everything that falls in is doomed. The interior of any black hole is indeed growing, so that older black holes have larger interiors, but this expansion is very different from the expansion of the universe.
I started to watch videos of this channel since i was in B.Sc. Level, i still watch it's video even after i have completed M.Sc. . You can guess how useful is contents of this channel.
Thank you. Thank you a million times. I've struggled with that concept for YEARS, and I never understood the fact that time could be something malleable or relative. I've watched countless videos of explanations about it. You are the very one that abled me to understand it. Absolutely excellent illustrations, that animated grid and multiple examples and applications were absolutely what I needed. Understanding physics and quantum physics is just a hobby to me. I have no use in my everyday life and job but I NEED to understand what's around me. Gosh I feel like something heavy has just lifted from me 😂 THANK YOU 😢
This video actually makes sense to me! I've watched many,, many shows (and read papers and articles) about black holes and I just figured that the science of black holes was just beyond my feeble understanding. The way this is presented is very logical and understandable. Thank you!
Thanks for the compliment about my video. Perhaps I may make a video on that in the future, but this is just due to the way the mathematics of the coordinate system is defined, rather than an actual physical phenomenon.
@@EugeneKhutoryansky If I've understood correctly, David's perspective could be valid if you were releasing these videos near a black hole, and David was a distant observer.
If spacetime is constantly being pulled more and more down into blackholes, could the even, constant, expansion of spacetime everwhere else in the universe be caused by said blackholes? Like multiple people all pulling down on a cloth, stretching it?
Gravitational wave patterns induced by fuzzyball blackhole differs from gravitational wave patterns generated by singularity blackhole. By exploring gravitation wave patterns through Ai enabled gravitational wave detectors, it is possible to confirm the validity of string theory.
Could you make a playlist with all the *orchestral* (edit) works you use in your videos? Some of them are kinda hard to find. Thanks for all the work you put in your videos
thanks :) would the frequency of light that escapes , change, while it getting above the event horizon of a black hole ? what consequences that change might have ?
the light would be redshifted so much that it would be DEEP into the radio frequencies of electromagnetic radiation by the time it actually met the event horizon. So, in practice, things falling in would disappear to the naked eye and eventually radio instruments as well. No one (and no instrument) would actually see things frozen in time on the event horizon.
Great vid. When people talk about length contraction they forget that it actually describes a full x,y,z compression of space, so the aperture of a black hole is in fact the exact size of the mass below, but the aperture is expanded hence the funnel like curves, this is true for atoms as well, twice the Temperature is twice the compression, therefore the "deeper" mass "appears" half the size , but it is in fact going straight down on all sides. So no "singularity" either, the weight is just point temperatures of the mass expressing Gravity for it's temperature in the weight space and consuming massive amounts of space, which is compressing into the aperture of the black hole to feed the mass/temperature creating the mass. i.e. it's not really curved it just looks like it because of time dilated or compressed space physics.
When I fall into a black hole, how the world looks to me? This question makes me fall into infinite sleepiness all the time. Some part of the answer has been given in this video, yet it never conveys the image of the whole world from the perspective of falling me. I will stay on the journey until the day you create the visualization as you once did in "At the speed of light, what would you see". I appreciate all the effort you put into every single video on this channel.
This is scary to me. If time keeps going slower and slower as you go inside the black hole, it would feel as if you were frozen in time. Is this what happens?
@Heroin Soda No. Your time is always consistent from your own perspective, as said here 3:45. Only your partner floating outside the black hole can observe you slowing down. Also, you will never cross the event horizon from his perspective. What I want to see is somehow shown in Vsauce's video; czcams.com/video/3pAnRKD4raY/video.html But I would say it seems very inaccurate, maybe wrong, or probably I just don't like it. Practically, you don't need to be scared about it because you will be very dead on the way lol
ScienceClic English has a very good video about what it looks like to fall into a black hole. Complete with blue shifting. Heres the link to his CZcams video: czcams.com/video/4rTv9wvvat8/video.html
@@oldmandoinghighkicksonlyin1368 Thank you for the great info. I see it being another dedicated science channel. That video shows the better sight than Vsause's one but still I'm not fully convinced. The problem is how it is possible to "see" my own foot when the light is being sucked against my eyes. It would be a stupid question tho, haha.
Excellent video as always! But do You have some source/s or other pieces of info regarding spacetime itself falling into black hole? Does anything with mass "sucks" spacetime into itself like this? Hence the time dilation present even here on Earth? I would love a video about this concept if it would not be trouble for You :D Love Your channel! :D
About 01:35f: _People often refere to the size of the sphere as the size of the black hole even though all it's mass is concentrated in the center._ I also do so because it's called a "hole" which contrasts with the idea of a "solid body". Whereas the latter has a more or less hard surface, a hole lacks one, and this is why I don't refer to the central "body" as the black hole but to the inner region of it's gravitational field where the radial coordinate is timelike.
Great video - thank you again for all your fantastic work! I still don't really understand how black holes can actually move if they contain areas where time has stopped completely or has slowed down enormously. That bit stumps me, clearly they do move as the LIGO observatory has detected over 80 instances of black holes orbiting and then merging to date.
There was a long debate / discussion about this on Physics Forums at the following link. www.physicsforums.com/threads/black-holes-the-two-points-of-view.626874/
Could you use this 2D stretching space to talk about the big bang, the red shift and to explain why bodies doesn't grow in volume if the space is expanding?
An object on the event horizon does not “appear frozen” to us. As the object approaches the horizon, not only the photons it emits are more and more redshifted, but fewer and fewer photons per time unit manage to reach us. So the object not only appears redder and slower, but also darker, and when it’s sufficiently near the horizon it doesn’t “freeze” - rather it disappears, as we are unable to detect any signal coming from it. Apart from this, excellent work!
What you wrote does not contradict what is shown in the video. If each arrow represents a photon, then I show fewer and fewer photons arriving, in both reference frames. Thanks.
Again my humble thanks to you. These videos are good enough to explain things keenly and clearly. Keep on doing good deeds. My good wishes are for you always.
The velocity of the grid seems to match that of a particle dropped from infinity. The color at each point in time seems to be a cycle of a constant period between black and white. The only thing which varies over space is the phase. The texture is mapped onto Flamm's paraboloid.
If I had two identical black holes some distance apart - neglecting they'd orbit or fall into each other - is it wrong to conclude that at the mid point where an object could sit between them, that there's no curvature given gravity cancels out? Or do not so obvious components in the curvature still affect time even though the object won't be moving in space toward either because at mid point where forces cancel? If these black holes are now slowly coming together does the change in curvature have an effect on this equi-distanced object between both them, given is still experiencing no acceleration in space? Obviously the curvature changes in the object's vicinity, but I'm talking about the exact infinitesimally small midpoint - what change is there in the condition of spacetime there? Cheers.
Theoretically speaking (obviously) how long would it take me from the moment I crossed the Horizon to reach the singularity ? Are we talking hours or seconds ? What about something like Ton618 (66 billion solar masses)?
I remember finding your early videos when I was 14-15. I’m now about to start a BS physics degree (though I already have an AS in math, so it’ll just be a 2-3 year thing for me). It’s nice to know that these videos helped drive me to where I currently am.
Thanks.
I am glad to hear that my videos have had a positive influence. Thanks.
I'm about to finish my bs in physics (I'm a little off schedule because of covid, so I have 3 courses left, and 2 more semesters).
But physics is a great choice. Not sure how the job opportunities are with only a bs, but I love learning all of this stuff.
Dr. Vivian Robinson pinpointed math mistake that led to theoretical Black Holes. Event horizon does not exist actually - it appeared due to a simple math blunder. "Nearly Black Holes" - term introduced by Eric Lerner, plasma physicist, - exist: they have magnetic field like normal or neutron stars have, and have strong time dilation around - that burns cosmic rays and particles, and other things explained in my Time Matters. As for "light cannot escape" see chapter 1 on Snell's law. Chapter 11 explains radiation around nearly black holes, around/in galaxy centers/bulges, what is going on in Fermilab.
It still seems to be a Misnomer to call Ultra compressed matter, energy, and space time a 'hole'. If all things are eventually sucked into one super sized black hole, you basically get the infinite point of all energy at the start of the Big Bang. And perhaps POP! it all just happens all over again.
@@SeaJay_Oceans big bang seems like the logical opposite of a black hole anyways. The black hole is a point in space where (within the event horizon) all paths through space end up at. Big bang is a point in space which you can never reach, as all points in space and time are expanding away from it.
You'd tell me if my life was just an animation you made, right?
You understand it at all!
you're an animation andrew
In a parallel universe, you actually are chilling with Bill Nye and Neil deGrasse Tyson
He just did.
Lmao love your vids btw; you're doing any would-be god's work, my man 🤙🏻🤙🏻
You'll know when you get to the credits and bloopers.
This is one of the few channels where I’ll drop everything to watch a new upload! Amazing video as always
Thanks for the compliment. I am glad you like my videos.
Another marvellous video Eugene ,the clarity in voice, explanation, moreover the animation, everything is awesome. By the way can you try to make a video on how electrical energy flows from an AC source, a lot of misconceptions are there. Thanks
Thanks for the compliments. I already have many video on AC circuits. Perhaps the video which best addresses your question is my video on Real vs Reactive Power at czcams.com/video/2mD3UbSW7ho/video.html
@@EugeneKhutoryansky I think they mean that energy doesn't flow through the wires, but outwards and inwards.
The amount of havoc that Veritasium has unleashed on the subject is unreal lol
I agree I would like the music to be louder again like in the old videos where there was beautiful music in the background
@@marcop8875 oh no! The music was way too load, making impossible to watch them.
The way physics is taught in schools and colleges is so pathetic, we are made to focus only on formulas to solve numerical problems which makes students lose their interest from the subject, but few people like Mr.Eugene have kept our curiosity alive.
Great video as always.
Thankyou 🙂
Thanks.
Content like this has to be more widespread, it is such a great way for knowledge to be passed on.
Thanks!
Your videos are so good, too bad that CZcams decided to forbid users from making subtitles for a videos they don't own, most of my friends here in Brazil used mine for understanding your videos.
This can still be done through email. If you want to submit new subtitles, please send me an email indicating which video you want to translate, and I will email you the subtitle file in English (which includes the timings). You will then be able to edit the file to replace the English with the translation, and then email the file back to me. I will then upload it to my channel. My email address is available in the "about" tab of my home page, if you view it on a PC. Thanks.
love the videos eugene, helped me a lot with some concepts i just couldn't wrap my head around. would love to see one on transmission lines and antennas
Thanks. I have a video on Transmission Lines at czcams.com/video/ozeYaikI11g/video.html
Would you please do a video on the large scale expansion of the Universe? I struggle to understand what an accelerating rate of expansion means for the Observable Universe. Will we see more, older galaxies as time goes on, or fewer galaxies?
It means we will see fewer galaxies. I cover the expansion of the Universe in the following videos.
czcams.com/video/IFdfrtzo4SY/video.html
czcams.com/video/g1WU35KxLrA/video.html
Fewer and fewer until the universe appears to be completely black.
THIS IS THE VIDEO I’VE ALWAYS WANTED FROM YOU. Thanks 😄
Thanks!
Brilliant!!! Thanks! Thank you Eugene and Kira. Such a lovely voice
Thank you.
Fantastic to see new content will have to check out Patreon. Like how this video ties concepts from previous videos and gives a new perspective on black holes for a normal person like me.
Thank you very much for your support on Patreon. Your support means a lot to me. I very much appreciate it and I am glad that you like my videos.
Finding this channel had the tremendous positive impact on my studies.
I am glad my videos have been helpful. Thanks.
Incredible video! A unified theory so we can understand the centre of black holes would be amazing! Are there any current theories you prefer or do you not like any of them?
At the center of a black hole the gravity is zero. Fun stuff happens at the event horizon.
These videos are always so good. Thanks again.
Thanks.
Marvelous video. Love your work Eugene!
Thanks!
I really enjoy your presentations. Very original and inspiring Eugene. Keep us educated with your unique prospective👍❤👌
Thanks!
This is amazing!! Thank you for the always amazing explanations.
I also just saw a video from PBS spacetime mentioning how black holes in string theory are fuzzballs. Incredibly Interesting stuff.
Thanks. I am glad you like my explanations.
It’s been years since I discovered this channel, each video is truly amazing.
Thanks.
This channel is one of the first i subscribed for its very very nice video graphics and lecture it still the most valuable for us
Thanks for the compliments.
Eugene, you are one of the best human beings ever existed
Thanks for that really great compliment.
3:46 I have a small question about this: In real life, as a black hole gets more mass, its event horizon expands; so in such a case, will the distant observer see the falling object crossing the expanding event horizon slowly, or would they see the object slowing moving outward with the expanding event horizon?
yes but in the newly formed gaps, caused by the further expansion, caused by the new mass falling into the black hole, there is the new information (or image/pucture) of said mass. long story short: as with anything black hole related, the reality of it is much more complicated than other oversimplified model can show. e.g. most blackholes aren't perfect spheres + they spin extremely fast + other weird effects.
@@GuRuGeorge03 a spinning hole 🕳 sounds awesome 👌
It's hard to wrap my head around all of this stuff. I've been watching videos like this since I was a young kid watching the original Carl Sagan cosmos series on vhs.
The event horizon expands just a tiny little bit. You won't see an effect there. Falling objects freeze in time and fade way as wave lengths gets stretched.
I just love all your videos because they are so simple and easy to understand😃
Thanks!
honestly one of the most informative videos ive seen on black holes. its surprising how ive heard so many people talk about black holes, but have never understood what people mean by "singularity" and "infinite density" until now.
I am glad you liked my video. Thanks.
Very good explanation. Indeed, one of the most important, defining characteristics of any generic ( subextremal) black hole is that the spacetime geometry is dynamical in their evergrowing interior, even for those black holes that are relatively isolated ( and so approximately stationary, from the " outside" perspective) for some period of time.
Only a bit of nitpicking: The singularity, generically, is spacelike, so the statement that it is at the spatial center of the hole it is not exactly correct.
The region near R= 0 can be considered as the spatial center of the collapsing star only before the singularity appears.
After the " birth" of the black hole, the region in the vicinity of R= 0 where the curvature grows without bound is akin to a spacelike surface, so the singularity, according to classical General Relativity is, in a sense, the future endpoint of the trajectory of anything that falls in. It's just a consequence of the fact that the growth of the tidal forces / curvature inside the horizon is time dependent.
Great video! Do we have any hypothesis about what happens to subatomic particle when they fall into a black hole. Like there should be a point where the gravitational gradient is strong enough to overcome the strong force holding quarks together.
Edit: replace field -> gradient
Thanks. We will have to wait for a unified theory of physics before we are able to answer that question with any degree of confidence.
“gravitacional *field*” - you mean gravitational GRADIENT.
@@dosomething3 I think he was using his best understanding of english
@@dosomething3 ah yeah that's what I meant.
i enjoyed your color choices :) pleasing for the eyes
Very well illustrated! Thank you for these interesting and informative videos!
Thanks.
Great animation! One question though : what does it mean for space time to 'fall into' something? How can the spacetime itself move? If it does move, then where does it move, in a higher dimensional space?
It doesn't really move, in GR spacetime is a four-dimensional set of points (events) with certain geometry.
probably yes, into a higher dimension that we cannot perceive.
Finally somebody did a video representation with the space grid in time!
I have a question: there are 4 regions where the grid looks a lot more scarce than it is in other areas (on diagonals of some sort) - is this a limitation of the visualisation, some kind of aliasing, or is it how the space is curved in reality too?
And the second question: each white dot of the grid gets really curved as it gets closer to the singularity - so is it a "pixel" of space that gets curved like this or is it the object in the space that gets curved?
In reply to your first question, this was just due to a limitation in my animation technique. It should be radially symmetrical. I am not sure I understand your second question. It is space-time which is curved.
@@EugeneKhutoryansky I think the base answer of space-time becoming curved would help answer that both the "pixel", or better described as differential element, in that point of space time becoming curved would result in any object which enters into this new element or "pixel" would conform to the physics of that point. Thinking in larger perspective would presume an object that exists in greater area than the element would see its own changing curvature as the physics influencing the object would cause the matter of the object to conform the physics of each point it exists, causing the object itself to curve. This would even be true on earth, as every differential point on an object is subject to different magnitudes of forces, but in a blackhole everything is extremely magnified. This really only holds up to a point to where the gravitational forces and influence of radiation would allow the bonds to still exist, as the object would no longer become an object, but breakdown into its base components.
This is just my 2 cents at 5am, but I think the logic is mildly sound without getting into overly complicated physics in a comment and having to bring high level mathematics and physics theory into it.
spacetime close to a black hole is so warped that
- every spatial direction points more and more towards the center of the black hole, till every direction points to the inside.
- the time-dimension gets shorter and shorter (the speed of time slows town to a near-stop)
When the black hole spins (fast enough), this area is surrounded by a more turbulent ergosphere, with more turbulent spacetime arrows, that can be "sailed" trough and escaped (with a lot of good timing and energy use), and that can theoretically be used to throw mass into the black hole in a close flyby through the ergosphere to gain a LOT of momentum AWAY from the black hole (and easily reaching escape velocity)
You are my favorite thing on CZcams. Thanks Eugene.
Thanks for the compliment.
Me encantan los vídeos de Eugene porque son muy ilustrativos hasta para personas como yo que valoramos todo tipo de aprendizaje aun sin tener los estudios pertinentes. Me gustaría que los tradujesen al español. Gracias.
Acostumbraba ver estos vídeos aún sin entenderlos porque me gusta mucho la física de partículas y lamento no haber aprendido el idioma.
@@julitacarranza9339 si traduces los videos al español, me encantaria mirarlo!
estoy aprendiendo español y sería muy útil!
as far as I know time and space switches places in the black hole so the singularity is not a location but an event. and black holes evaporate in time and time slows down so by the time anything reaches the event horizont so much time passes that the black hole is not there so there is no inside of a black hole. These are also possibilities.
Excellent visualizations. Thank you.
Thanks for the compliment.
Nifty as always ! & the long overdue & well earned 1M approaches.
Thanks.
So glad you are back!
Excited as always !! For the understanding the content provides.
Thanks.
Very engaging and intuitive. I will always look forward to content from this channel.
Thanks.
Best description of black holes I've seen.
Thanks for the compliment.
Watched your video about convolution before, and it really gave me great insight! I am really enjoying your channel a lot.
Thanks. I am glad you enjoy my videos.
Excellent video, as always! Have a wonderful holiday and Happy New Year
Thank you. You too.
Imagine our visible universe is falling into a MASSIVE universe-size black hole. Could that explain the seeming space expansion we observe (being the stretching effect of falling into a hole)? Or would it only make expansion non-radial from every point, but accross an axis? Is it possible to calculate, if it was the case, how it would look to us and if its matching what we observe?
Really liking the subtler soundtracks lately. I find it a lot easier to focus on the superb narration this way.
Nice! I really enjoy your physics videos.
Thanks. I am glad you like my videos.
2 Physics channels on CZcams that i would always recommend is yours and ScienceClic English.
ScienceClic is great too!
What a great video! Thanks for sharing.
I am glad you liked my video. Thanks.
This definitely furthered my understanding of black holes
Great information and a very easily understood representation. Thank you!
Thanks.
Awesome. I too reached that point of time stretching near black hole and light never reaches to an observer who is outside. For the observer whi is outside, the object is still travelling in black hole for infinite time.
This is a great channel! Thank You from the old lady!
Thanks.
I'm used to thinking of spacetime as a static manifold described by a metric. You seem to be saying we can also think of spacetime as pieces of space being "dragged around" overtime. Is there a way to mathematically formally size this?
The visual was showing a static spacetime, and the "draging" was representing the flow of time, but the shape of spacetime was not changing. It does get changed over time if a black hole is moving or being formed, of course.
This is discussed in detail at jila.colorado.edu/~ajsh/insidebh/waterfall.html
I did not realize that it was spacetime itself that was falling into the black hole.
Now I wonder if when we see the universe expand, if looked at from another perspective, it could be the average of all spacetime falling into all existing balck holes?
So, the universe would be expanding into black holes, and since there are so many of them, and they are scattered all throughout the universe, it could look like either the universe is expanding, or the universe is falling into its black holes.
The universe expanding and contracting infinitely and simultaneously. ?
The expansion of the universe as a whole happens with the same rate everywhere at any given " moment" of its cosmic history, and its acceleration due to the cosmological constant seems to be the same also wherever we look. Our universe is approximately homogeneous and isotropic, at least when we're talking about very big scales. It's not the same with black holes:
The spacetime geometry of a collapsing star that forms a black hole is not isotropic. The curvature and the tidal forces grow as one comes closer, and inside the horizon they become time dependent, so everything that falls in is doomed. The interior of any black hole is indeed growing, so that older black holes have larger interiors, but this expansion is very different from the expansion of the universe.
We all know the only thing at the singularity of a black hole is an infinite number of bookshelves.
As always, great video.
Thanks.
EXCELLENT AS ALWAYS... A BIG BIG THANK TO YOU...
Thanks.
Wow Dr. K, this was another masterpiece!
Thanks.
I started to watch videos of this channel since i was in B.Sc. Level, i still watch it's video even after i have completed M.Sc. . You can guess how useful is contents of this channel.
Thank you. Thank you a million times. I've struggled with that concept for YEARS, and I never understood the fact that time could be something malleable or relative. I've watched countless videos of explanations about it. You are the very one that abled me to understand it. Absolutely excellent illustrations, that animated grid and multiple examples and applications were absolutely what I needed.
Understanding physics and quantum physics is just a hobby to me. I have no use in my everyday life and job but I NEED to understand what's around me.
Gosh I feel like something heavy has just lifted from me 😂 THANK YOU 😢
I am glad my videos have been helpful. Thanks.
This video actually makes sense to me! I've watched many,, many shows (and read papers and articles) about black holes and I just figured that the science of black holes was just beyond my feeble understanding. The way this is presented is very logical and understandable. Thank you!
I am glad you liked my explanation. Thanks.
Hahaha I just wrote about the same comment!! Glad to see I wasn't the only one struggling with this 😊
Thanks for your work
Thanks.
Thanls for another fantastic video! Can you make a video explaining the time and space switch inside a black hole?
Thanks for the compliment about my video. Perhaps I may make a video on that in the future, but this is just due to the way the mathematics of the coordinate system is defined, rather than an actual physical phenomenon.
@@EugeneKhutoryansky Thank you!
Amazing video! Thank you!
Thanks.
CZcamss algorithm has answered my prayers! Spent hours trying to solidify my conceptual understanding of these awesome celestial objects!
Its been so long since the last video, thanks
My previous video was only 3 weeks ago. Thanks.
@@EugeneKhutoryansky If I've understood correctly, David's perspective could be valid if you were releasing these videos near a black hole, and David was a distant observer.
Thank you for existing!
Thanks.
If spacetime is constantly being pulled more and more down into blackholes, could the even, constant, expansion of spacetime everwhere else in the universe be caused by said blackholes? Like multiple people all pulling down on a cloth, stretching it?
I like to imagine black holes being gears to our universe.
it feels like i get alittle smarter with each video, even though i just got a basic understanding of all this
Thank you very much for making physics so easy to understand.
Thanks.
If the universe started as a singularity, then it could just be inside a black hole of another universe (or inside itself - recursion).
You have such a unique way of teaching. Work of a genius.
Thank you.
This is amazing! Can you link to the code used to make the animations? I’d love to play around with it :)
I make my 3D animations with "Poser." I have a video on how I make 3D animations at czcams.com/video/6Hl5dvA88Uo/video.html
How would a 3d+1 time dimension black hole actually look like with matter infalling indide of it?
Gravitational wave patterns induced by fuzzyball blackhole differs from gravitational wave patterns generated by singularity blackhole.
By exploring gravitation wave patterns through Ai enabled gravitational wave detectors, it is possible to confirm the validity of string theory.
Could you make a playlist with all the *orchestral* (edit) works you use in your videos? Some of them are kinda hard to find. Thanks for all the work you put in your videos
I don't think I understand what you are asking. All my videos are available on the "Videos" tab of my CZcams home page.
@@EugeneKhutoryansky I have just reread it and it made zero sense hahaha. I meant works as the songs you use in the videos
The song in this video is Hungarian_Rhapsody_No_2_by_Liszt from the free CZcams audio library.
Beautiful as always
Thanks.
Yes. Learning time!
thanks :)
would the frequency of light that escapes , change, while it getting above the event horizon of a black hole ?
what consequences that change might have ?
the light would be redshifted so much that it would be DEEP into the radio frequencies of electromagnetic radiation by the time it actually met the event horizon. So, in practice, things falling in would disappear to the naked eye and eventually radio instruments as well. No one (and no instrument) would actually see things frozen in time on the event horizon.
Great vid.
When people talk about length contraction they forget that it actually describes a full x,y,z compression of space, so the aperture of a black hole is in fact the exact size of the mass below, but the aperture is expanded hence the funnel like curves, this is true for atoms as well, twice the Temperature is twice the compression, therefore the "deeper" mass "appears" half the size , but it is in fact going straight down on all sides.
So no "singularity" either, the weight is just point temperatures of the mass expressing Gravity for it's temperature in the weight space and consuming massive amounts of space, which is compressing into the aperture of the black hole to feed the mass/temperature creating the mass.
i.e. it's not really curved it just looks like it because of time dilated or compressed space physics.
Me and my cat loved it.
Happy New Year
Thanks. Happy new year to you too.
Lets see how that circle of marbles holds together with angular momentum!
Thanks for your effort and also thanks for replying to every comment
Thanks.
When I fall into a black hole, how the world looks to me? This question makes me fall into infinite sleepiness all the time. Some part of the answer has been given in this video, yet it never conveys the image of the whole world from the perspective of falling me. I will stay on the journey until the day you create the visualization as you once did in "At the speed of light, what would you see". I appreciate all the effort you put into every single video on this channel.
Thanks. Perhaps I will go into more detail about this in future videos.
This is scary to me.
If time keeps going slower and slower as you go inside the black hole, it would feel as if you were frozen in time.
Is this what happens?
@Heroin Soda No. Your time is always consistent from your own perspective, as said here 3:45. Only your partner floating outside the black hole can observe you slowing down. Also, you will never cross the event horizon from his perspective.
What I want to see is somehow shown in Vsauce's video; czcams.com/video/3pAnRKD4raY/video.html But I would say it seems very inaccurate, maybe wrong, or probably I just don't like it.
Practically, you don't need to be scared about it because you will be very dead on the way lol
ScienceClic English has a very good video about what it looks like to fall into a black hole. Complete with blue shifting. Heres the link to his CZcams video:
czcams.com/video/4rTv9wvvat8/video.html
@@oldmandoinghighkicksonlyin1368 Thank you for the great info. I see it being another dedicated science channel. That video shows the better sight than Vsause's one but still I'm not fully convinced. The problem is how it is possible to "see" my own foot when the light is being sucked against my eyes. It would be a stupid question tho, haha.
Thanks for such a simple explanation:)
Thanks.
Excellent video as always!
But do You have some source/s or other pieces of info regarding spacetime itself falling into black hole?
Does anything with mass "sucks" spacetime into itself like this? Hence the time dilation present even here on Earth? I would love a video about this concept if it would not be trouble for You :D
Love Your channel! :D
This is discussed in detail at jila.colorado.edu/~ajsh/insidebh/waterfall.html
Thanks.
@@EugeneKhutoryansky Yay!
Super!. I've seen many CZcams posts on this topic. But this one is GOOD 😍😍😍
Thanks. I am glad you liked my video.
About 01:35f: _People often refere to the size of the sphere as the size of the black hole even though all it's mass is concentrated in the center._
I also do so because it's called a "hole" which contrasts with the idea of a "solid body". Whereas the latter has a more or less hard surface, a hole lacks one, and this is why I don't refer to the central "body" as the black hole but to the inner region of it's gravitational field where the radial coordinate is timelike.
Great video - thank you again for all your fantastic work! I still don't really understand how black holes can actually move if they contain areas where time has stopped completely or has slowed down enormously. That bit stumps me, clearly they do move as the LIGO observatory has detected over 80 instances of black holes orbiting and then merging to date.
There was a long debate / discussion about this on Physics Forums at the following link. www.physicsforums.com/threads/black-holes-the-two-points-of-view.626874/
Could you use this 2D stretching space to talk about the big bang, the red shift and to explain why bodies doesn't grow in volume if the space is expanding?
Yes. Though the difference is that in the case of the Big Bang, the Universe is expanding everywhere, rather than just around one point.
This visual gave me an acid trip when I looked away from the screen.
An object on the event horizon does not “appear frozen” to us. As the object approaches the horizon, not only the photons it emits are more and more redshifted, but fewer and fewer photons per time unit manage to reach us. So the object not only appears redder and slower, but also darker, and when it’s sufficiently near the horizon it doesn’t “freeze” - rather it disappears, as we are unable to detect any signal coming from it.
Apart from this, excellent work!
What you wrote does not contradict what is shown in the video. If each arrow represents a photon, then I show fewer and fewer photons arriving, in both reference frames. Thanks.
Again my humble thanks to you.
These videos are good enough to explain things keenly and clearly.
Keep on doing good deeds. My good wishes are for you always.
Thank you.
Wow, so impressive and smooth space-time texture stretching!
How to code something like this?
The velocity of the grid seems to match that of a particle dropped from infinity. The color at each point in time seems to be a cycle of a constant period between black and white. The only thing which varies over space is the phase. The texture is mapped onto Flamm's paraboloid.
Would be very interesting to see the same for both rotating and charged black holes, as well as other, maybe non-analytic, cases I don’t know of
I may cover rotating and charged black holes in a future video.
Thank you Eugene.
You are welcome and thanks.
Great video could you do one on rotating black holes
Rotating Black holes are on my list of topics for future videos. Thanks.
If I had two identical black holes some distance apart - neglecting they'd orbit or fall into each other - is it wrong to conclude that at the mid point where an object could sit between them, that there's no curvature given gravity cancels out? Or do not so obvious components in the curvature still affect time even though the object won't be moving in space toward either because at mid point where forces cancel? If these black holes are now slowly coming together does the change in curvature have an effect on this equi-distanced object between both them, given is still experiencing no acceleration in space? Obviously the curvature changes in the object's vicinity, but I'm talking about the exact infinitesimally small midpoint - what change is there in the condition of spacetime there? Cheers.
When I feel demotivated I watch these types of videos. Then I feel motivated .
I am glad that my videos are motivating. Thanks.
Theoretically speaking (obviously) how long would it take me from the moment I crossed the Horizon to reach the singularity ? Are we talking hours or seconds ? What about something like Ton618 (66 billion solar masses)?
Thank you very much for that video is very useful.
Thanks.