everything about color (literally)
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- čas přidán 11. 09. 2024
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Learn everything color in less than 25 minutes: what is color, color theory, color spaces, color gamuts, color photography, color manipulation, color psychology, display technologies and so much more.
Hope you enjoy!
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what display are you watching this video on?
oled
lg 27gn950-b baby
real professional web designer display (800x600)
Idk - pixel 5
A pretty bad IPS
As a color nerd, this is probably the best color theory overview video I’ve seen. The only important thing you missed is CMY. Otherwise, I didn’t expect this to be so all encompassing and you did a great job at explaining the more technical concepts. W vid.
thank youuuu
That seems like a pretty significant thing to leave out imo
8:05 since painting and printing is similar, if you look at the top here for ryb you can find cmy. Cmy anyways is not important
@@rafi-leigh I have no qualifications and I'm telling you it is. Listen to my authoritative opinion, now. It shouldn't be titled like that if the video isn't talking about everything about colors >:(
Considering that their channel is related to web design, which is mostly viewed on screens. Maybe that's the reason for not including CMY?
20:53 "color psychology needs context either there is a context or a context will be forced on a color" Such a great line!
>Light is a wave
**_Wave/Particle Duality Has Entered The Chat_**
Yes but particles are also just a type of wave, light is a wave all the time so its correct. All particles are waves not all waves are particles, no need to mention the particle nature of light cause that is just an extension of its wave properties
Newtonian scientists: ah shit, here we go again
@@EchoesPF878No all particles act like waves, it’s like moving a ball in a certain way to form a donut
"Particle" and "wave" are two ways of describing the same underlying concept. If you have a wave, you can describe it as a particle. If you have a particle, you can describe it as a wave. Though they aren't equally useful descriptions in all contexts, it can be done.
@@ProjectKHI Please elaborate
As a printing technician, I only missed the CMY/CMYK/CRYK modes and subtractive models in general, because it really hurts seeing people trying to prove the Johannes Itten's colour wheel is a way to go in this modern day age.
Otherwise, it is THE video about colour, period. I will recommend it to new employees, to designers and people associated with my work field, you did a tremendous job 💪 wholeheartedly thank you ❤
Yes otherwise it is... but that's a pretty big BUT. I am so tired of people claiming red blue and yellow are primary colors when it has been proven hundred years ago that they are neither primaries for additive, nor for subtractive color mixing. Everyone knows that printers use cyan, magenta and yellow so why does this not ring a bell??!
*Me nodding at the brilliant colors of the 8k QD-Oled screen on my 2k LCD monitor* Hmmmm yesssss, beautiful!
banger video as usual
Glad we got the same interest cloud AI guy!
W video
L AI channel commentor
bycloud is one of the best AI-based youtubers
It’s always so interesting to me that CMY still isn’t commonly known. It took me until one of my college art classes to ever hear about it for the first time, after being taught since kindergarten that the primary colors are Red, Yellow and Blue. For anyone curious, in Additive light (screens, lightbulbs, etc), the primaries are Red, Green, and Blue (dark base colors that get brighter when mixed), and in Subtractive light (painting, colored pencil, etc), the primaries are Cyan, Magenta, and Yellow (bright base colors that get darker when mixed)! If you’ve ever tried to mix paints using red, yellow, and blue, and wondered why all of your secondary colors looked muddy and dark, that’s why! You couldn’t have mixed those nice, brighter colors because they are primary colors!
Omg. It actually covers everything about colour. In 25 minutes.
My uni course only went into the physics section and that took 2 hrs of lectures. Bravo, Jux!
I don't think I got the full experience watching this on my €90 monitor
Let me brake it down for you:
There are a lot of different colours on the screen.
GUYS
WE JUST MET A BRITISH PERSON
€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€
@@SanityInAnAmazonBox your brexit jokes are like stale bread. i mean brioche.
Casually drops the best video on colour ever created. So much work must have gone into this. I've seen so many different videos doing the same thing, but the visual metaphors and clever ways of visualizing abstract concepts in your motion design is unparalleled. Like the 3D colour space blew me away. This has got to be the best video you've made so far
thank you! it’s my favorite too :D
when I was younger I used to get sad that screens were only red green and blue like I wanted to see all colors
I too desire to be as the humble shrimp
@@Celemimphar hello celemimphar
You should try looking into wide-gamut color. It's common on Macs, phones, and high-end monitors now.
@@Celemimphar whilst shrimp have mroe types of cone cells, they suck at differentiating colours, their cone cells do less than ours do
This might be the best condensed color material on the internet rn
An important color spaces you left out is ACES. It's now the standard for high quality film editing. And it covers over 100% of the visible range!
I think it's more than just a color space but a color encoding system useful to keep accurate colors in a workflow (I've been working with it for less than a year, I'm not a pro yet)
@@marclagier5615 nope you nailed it!! ACES does stand for Academy Color Encoding System, but the gamut is the part that is probably the easiest to explain and comes up most often lol
This is a great introduction to colour theory and colour science! For movies there is an extra colour space the Accademy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (the place that hands out Oscars) created a set called ACES. This is a really wide gamma space that actually extends beyond the colour locus into colours that cannot be recreated (but help doing some maths).
9:55 This process is actually called the *opto-electronic transfer function* (OETF) or simply a transfer function, which includes but aren't limited to the gamma correction. In fact sRGB transfer function is subtly different from a pure gamma correction, though it shouldn't matter much for 8-bit color depth. Also many HDR standards also come with custom transfer functions because pure gamma correction won't be a good fit for the actual human perception of brightness---like, you will need 15 bits instead of 10 bits of color depth for the faithful color reproduction.
The eyes (the brain) are so complex, advanced and yet, because of expectations, so easy to trick
Also friendly reminder that in CRT screens there’s no “pixels”, they do look like pixels and subpixels, but because of the way that electron guns work over the mesh that looks like pixels, those aren’t pixels
To be specific, each color target is kind of like a little tiny monochrome CRT screen. They do not light uniformly like subpixels on flat screen displays. They glow only where the electron beam hits them.
The main takeaway is that large color targets hinder color accuracy more than brightness accuracy.
2:20 brown is literally dark orange, it has a specific wavelength... We percieve brown when the environment is brighter than the orange object.
Subtractive primitives are magenta (a purpleish, pinkish, redish light color), yellow, and cyan (a greenish, blueish light color). Because cyan is what you get when you subtract the pure red from the white light. Also you cannot blend, superpose or juxtapose those three colors to get black so you have to use a fourth primitive which is "black" and whose function is to control/reproduce lightness.
Great video! Very comprehensive.
One thing that's not addressed here is the fact that in between your GPU and whatever display you use is an OS and depending on the setup it can screw up color accuracy in pretty spectacular ways, especially in HDR, especially on Windows.
Well, thats my next Graphics and Colour Theory lesson sorted for my Digital Tech. students! Thank you, as always, for such a great video. And thansk for RealTimeColours... Use it every week with my classes. ❤️
glad to hear that!
there are some errors and misleading things like at 15:48 for this comparison you need to already have an hdr monitor with hdr enabled and the video would have to have been uploaded in hdr otherwise its not a real comparison of sdr to hdr but a comparison of a washed out sdr and a not washed out sdr. but for a general audience like i think you were going for its probably fine
I would love to hear you talk about how different cultures around the world see colours differently due to their language. For instance "When the Lithuanian-Norwegian participants were thinking in Lithuanian, they had an advantage in distinguishing different shades of blue, which was not present when they were thinking in Norwegian."
Edit: Also how different culture's colour perception influences things like music, for instance the 17 equal temperament which I remember reading about but I can't seem to find where.
It is still quite a debate within linguistics, but most experts these days agree that your language does not greatly affect your perception of reality. It is most likely not the case that they could distinguish more shades of blue because they spoke Lithuanian.
It's a practice/exposure thing really. You don't have to grow up speaking a language that has blue/green distinction to distinguish between blue and green, and you don't need to grow up in a culture that has microtonal music in order to know that there can be more than 8 notes.
Like, take a look at a rainbow or other representation of the visible light spectrum. Do you see _exactly_ 7 colors, no more? There's a difference between memorizing 7 labels for parts of the visible spectrum and only being able to see 7 colors in the visible spectrum! Or have you ever heard an instrument out of tune? Tada, you can hear more than 8 notes!
Language and culture inform how you interpret the colors you see and sounds you hear, but they don't determine what you can see and hear.
As a colorblind person I can confirm a banana is in fact blue.
Obligatory mention that the subtractive primary colours are cyan yellow magenta, not blue yellow red 🤓
I've been playing this video on repeat befor it even existed for around 20 years now. I've always been fascinated by colors, the way they work both mathematically and psychologically, and you just materialized all those thoughts in one single video.
In other words, I loved it. ♥
Can we appreciate how good the video is? They put a lot of effort into making the video being as qualitative and educative as possible and we seriously need to thank them for this. One downside of the video is that you talk a bit too fast so I sometimes needed to rewind the video a bit in order to comprehend what you said. Unless than that i loved how you took the time to explain each color spaces and their upsides and downsides since in web programming i usually tend to not care much at all about these different types of color spaces because i never really understood them. But you equipped me with a lot of tools to become better at web designing.
Seriously thank you so much for this video Juxtopposed! It came at the right time when i needed it!
omg i like how straight to the chase this video is and how much incredibly well explained info is squeezed in - amazing!
Great in-depth video, loved every minute of it!
justice for the true primary pigment colors; cyan magenta yellow
and dont forget about Key "K" Black
@@jazzeeblaze i mean yeah but black is not a primary color, it does not create different hues it simply changes the shade
@@jazzeeblaze K exists only because of the printing process and physical limit of pigments (you _can_ print black without K, but it will put too much ink). So it can be safely ignored for the introduction.
as technology connections said, brown is orange with context.
11:05 there is so much wrong with this picture
Yeah, the different amount of colors make almost no difference at that count. The left image looks desaturated.
@@manshenrikssonand on my 16M display you cannot show me 1B colors
Bits don’t change the range of color. Just its precision. More colors don’t mean more chroma. Just more distinction. You would need more bits to prevent the wider range from making the distinctions so obvious. Idk how that passed.
I've found that all the colour theory in the world doesn't actually make it any easier for me to make a final decision when it comes time to choosing my swatches. The amount of times I've now jumped on realtime colours just to help me feel more confident in my choices is ridiculous. Great video, great links, great, great, great :)
Hi, I have a few questions.
1. I still don't really understand what the exact difference is between color space and gamma. Could you explain it in a super easy way? Or maybe in a mathematical way?
2. What is Dolby Vision and in what category can it be placed? Is it also a color space, or is it just an HDR specification or something like that? If so, what are other technologies that can be placed in the same category?
3. I'm a web developer and I sometimes find myself wanting to use mix-blend-mode in CSS. Could you make a video about how this CSS property works? It's really cool and interesting, but I only get it to work after a lot of trial and error because of the many options. Maybe you can explain the science behind each mix-blend-mode in a creative way.
Gamma is just a misnomer for transfer function. A transfer function maps code values to light levels. Think of how 8-bit RGB values 0,0,0 = no light output and how 255,255,255 = maximum light output. The transfer function relates to the specific encoding and decoding of code values for display. E.g. 'gamma' stems from the exponent of a power function. Displays are typically gamma decoding (e.g. monitors usually decode [0, 1] code values ^2.2) so code values must be encoded with the inverse transfer function of the display to account for that (in this case [0, 1] code values are encoded ^(1/2.2)).
It's amazing you managed to put so much information in such a short video, while also making it extremely easy and fun to watch. Nice work!
1:11 mastercard reference
I've spent a lot of time, over many years in this field, and wanted to say that I was really impressed with the video. It was great to see some colour spaces that I didn't know about.
Really love your way of storytelling and video. Please never stop making these videos. These are really informative
It's evident that so much effort went into this video, so congrats! This was probably the best 25 minutes I've spent on CZcams in a long, long while
Not sure why you used RBY model for anything besides history. RBY doesn't represent the full range of visible hue and Saturation. CMY does.
But regardless, I LOVE this video. I love color and optics. ❤ Very awesome
Neither does CMY. It usually gets closer (other than the obvious weak points of red and blue), but it’s impossible to fully represent all visible colors with only three primaries bc the full gamut of human vision is not a triangle. CMY is identical to RYB but with a moderately bigger gamut due to slightly adjusted primaries.
Good video! However, in min 2:10 it's important to note that cones are responsible for color vision and are not directly involved in perceiving white or black; rods, which weren't mentioned, are crucial for seeing in low light and help us detect brightness and contrast.
Design student here, I love how you explained that, without context, color psychology doesnt work, a lot of people think the opposite way and that's a big problem because you really need to understand context to build a color scheme that works in your design, making the color phycology into something so basic like orange is food or blue is calm really needs to stop so we can make better designs in general
found this super interesting as a colorblind person!
because of that i tend to think about color more often than people with normal color vision but i never knew so much went into it :) very fascinating
I'm a huge colour nerd if the name wasn't obvious enough, I agree with the other comments about CMY but other than that this is extremely comprehensive. Thank you.
This is incredibly well made. You managed to take us on a journey through many different disciplines and were able to connect them in a way that makes sense. It must have been challenging to condense these topics. And the visualizations are a big factor for why this is so understandable despite it's complexity.
Really, really well done!
You really managed to make me understand this topic, even though I've been dealing with it every day for many years and still never fully understood it. Plus your humor makes it really fun too. That's why I love your channel, thank you.
thank YOU!
holy fuck i died at the Huey joke
Yet U is missing in every colour !
@@IvanNedostal… Blue?
Damn, I subbed for some UI stuff but this person does some great research. Nice video :)
DAMN! Why is so nice to have simple and quick information absorption without so uga-buga sciencey?😫
Casually drops the best Color Theory video in the entire web.
This video, is good for everyone on this planet, even blind. And the fact that you made a whole ass website to aid in color choosing NEEDS to get a pat on your back from every viewer.
The amount of info you pack into every few seconds is astonishing, another banger
Thank you for not using an annoying music. This helps to concentrate and understand better.
as a beginner color enthusiast, this is a wonderful video. To be able to explain all of this in such a clear and concise way that anyone can understand is really impressive. Absolutely amazing video.
There was a lot i already knew, but impressive how concise and informative this video is. I learned so much from it.
This video has instantly become my go-to reference video, will come back whenever I do a gradient 😄
the amount of effort put in this video is just BEYOND
How can every single video you make be so amazingly good? You're making me want to learn even more about colours!!
omg 😭 thanks
Why are you so good at explaining things
Awesome video! I would've loved to see this in 10-bit HDR on CZcams, because then you could represent some of the color and luminance values natively, but I also understand that many displays still don't so a simulation will have to suffice. The simulations were pretty cool too! Keep up the great work
your best video so far, keep it up you are amazing
It is very difficult to understand and explain BT2020 & BT2100 for laymen, but you nailed it!!
Thank you so much for making this video, love it so much ❤
The tech behind screen displays was super interesting!
Ooo I’ve heard of color
what is it
@@juxtopposedidk light or something???
What an amazing video that was
Really appreciate your time and dedication to make more
Love from India ✌🏻
The amount of color-related knowledge I’ve gained from this video is absolutely massive compared to other videos. This is freaking awesome!
Extra tip when buying a screen (especially on a laptop): do NOT buy a TN panel. It is everything but a good experience. My work laptop has one that has 45% sRGB space coverage (bad IPS panels are usually 95%) and using it is truly atrocious. It also has horrid viewing angles.
I would recommend as further reading Acerola's video on color theory called "Your colors suck". It covers similar topics, but with a focus on 3D rendering and it goes a little more in depth into all the math stuff
you channel is one of best of youtube in its niche , I just love your channel Juxtopposed
This is a solid basic breakdown of a lot of color & imaging science concepts/history!! I would definitely recommend being a bit more specific about some of the color science topics and history to avoid some common misconceptions(for instance that the XYZ response spectra weren’t based on direct study of cone responsivities but instead on color matching experiments with a handful of observers presented with stimuli, LMS is the color encoding actually based on our cones responses). Great job tho!!
Normally when you see a video with this type of title, ("Everything about X explained QUICKLY and SIMPLY"), it doesn't come even a fraction as close as this video did. Really lived up to the name. Fantastic 😤😤
Came for a design lesson about colours but left with additional knowledge about science and biology of colours and how eyes work. Value gained 1000%
this and CD//Color are the videos that I wish every Art/Multimedia student get to watch
This is the first video I've seen from this channel, and I knew most of the information already.
That's a good thing, because I've never seen it explained so well.
I'm looking forward to watching your other videos about subjects i know nothing about, so I can learn about relatively complex subjects in such a clear and concise way, with a nice amount of charm and personality.
Good job. Subscribed.
Edit: Minor criticism. You talk way too fast.
Great job of clearing up the mess of all the confusing different color spaces!
insane production quality and highly informative as usual
This is soo cool. I was just watching the nothing phone review, and now I learned alot about colors!
Hopefully it transfers to my drawing capacity prayge
God tier video on colour, excellent work
Here's another kind of colour space from the 1980s: RGBI (the 'I' standing for "Intensity", and technically coming first in how they're specified by the hardware) . Used by IBM's Colour Graphics Adaptor, one of the two original PC video cards (the other being the text-only Monochrome Display Adaptor, which used a similar system in monochrome).
Instead of just three components, there's a fourth one, which adds grey to the other three. The monitor still uses a regular RGB tube, but includes circuitry to make an RGB signal out of the RGBI one. It's effectively a 2-bit-per-channel RGB space, but with the least-significant bits of all three channels linked together, so they're either all on or all off. Well, almost. The monitor also includes a special case, where if it gets a signal for colour number 6, it halves the green channel going to the picture tube, producing brown instead of dark yellow.
All the colours of the CGA RGBI colour space, including the special-case brown, can be made with a 2-bit-per-channel RGB space. In fact, that's exactly what EGA does. It has the full 2-bit-per-channel space, and its high-resolution mode can pick any 16 colours from it, and it defaults to the CGA-compatible ones. The lower-resolution modes are fixed at the 16 CGA colours for backwards compatibility with older monitors, so your mid-1980s IBM customer could just buy an EGA card and get all 16 CGA colours on screen in 320*200, even if they couldn't use the new high-resolution mode without buying a new monitor. Sierra even promoted an EGA card as a cheap and easy way to get more colours out of your existing monitor at the time!
Smoothest ad transition I've seen in a minute
This needs to be a part of the syllabus in schools everywhere
if it wasn't simplified, it wouldn't be juxtopposed. this channel is brilliant.
A very illuminating vidoe Juxt! I've put this in my fav design vids!
Hey, I like your content ! I just finished my art studies and I have some design background, it's truly fascinating !
As someone who can see colours, i love the colours!
thank you for this very well researched video. i never imagined color would be such a complex topic!
you just condensed my first year of photography school into 25 minutes, and it was so much easier to understand
im honestly glad youtube is pushing smaller youtubers instead of filling the home page with random stuff with 10m + views
“Why did you like the video before it has even started?” “Cause it’s juxtopposed”
Please keep this content coming. Love your content
This is gonna be one of them videos that has millions of views
If highschool had literally every lesson as a video like this, we'd all be geniuses and the world would advance so fast.
I had absolutely no idea that OLED and QLED were so scientifically advanced. It just goes to show the amount of research that goes into developing these new technologies.
A banana is composed of every other color other than yellow, that's why it absorbs all color wavelength but couldn't absorb yellow so it reflects it back
The book "how emotions are made", gives a good insight about colors psychology.
Wow this is amazing, so much covered in 25 minutes.
At 4:16 , the photo on the right was actually taken a century prior in 1877, not 1977.
you could not see how beautiful red looked to me when I was a child. I remember it looking way more pretty than I see it now. I t's still my favorite color, based on my memories
Watching this on a cracked mobile phone in greyscale because it's easier on my eyes, loving every frame 🤌
There's also a genetic mutation called tetrachromacy that makes you have 4 cones
TIL
I read about it just now, interesting
It's not clickbait, this is actually EVERYTHING about color. Holy shit. I love your channel.