PSY 2120: Three Criteria for Establishing Causation

It's relatively easy to establish an association between two variables, but it's a bit more complicated to establish a causal relationship between two variables. That's true because causal claims require more than just covariation. To support a causal claim, researchers must conduct a well-controlled experiment that meets three criteria: covariation, temporal precedence, and internal validity. In this video, I discuss those three critically important criteria, and I provide an example to help make each of those concepts more clear.
0:00 Introduction
4:21 Covariation
4:49 Temporal precedence
5:24 Internal validity
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