The Older Muscle: Ageing or Disuse? - Prof. Harridge
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- čas přidán 30. 06. 2024
- Plenary Session "From the Cradle to the Grave - Sport and Physical Activity for a Sustainable Body" at ECSS Malmö 2015
The Older Muscle: Ageing or Disuse?
Harridge, S.
King`s College London
The prime role of muscle is to act as a biological machine - to produce force and generate power. This is to fulfil a number of different
functions from maintaining posture to allowing the performance of all the physical tasks needed for everyday living. But, muscle also
has a plethora of other roles which include protein being an important dynamic store, being the largest sink for the storage of glucose
and acting as a source of protective padding. As we get older there is an observable reduction in many of these functions. This is
primarily related to a loss of tissue mass, which when passing a given threshold is referred to as “sarcopenia”. Sarcopenia is
associated with an increased risk of falls and sustaining fractures and is an increased risk factor for morbidity and mortality. However,
the extent to which sarcopenia and its attendant side effects can be attributed to an inherent biological ageing process are far from
clear.
At any age muscle mass and function are acutely sensitive to activity pattern and usage - being highly responsive to both mechanical
and metabolic signals. For example, limb immobilisation, bed rest or exposure to microgravity (space flight) all result in muscle loss
and weakness- irrespective of age. The effects of many years of a sedentary lifestyle thus seriously confound our understanding of
the properties of a muscle we might expect for a given chronological age. For a typical sedentary older person, a smaller muscle
seems to relate to both a reduced number of muscle fibres (and motor units) and a selective atrophy of the fast-contracting type II
muscle fibres. Muscle “quality” also declines in older sedentary individuals with evidence of fat deposits and connective tissue
accumulation. This makes “contractile” tissue mass harder to determine and contributes to the decrease in force potential per unit
area (specific force) of a whole muscle in vivo. Furthermore, when rates of muscle protein synthesis are measured using tracer
techniques there is evidence of a reduced sensitivity to both exercise and amino acid feeding.
What is the cause of the decline in mass and function? To what extent are these phenomena attributable to the biological ageing
process and what can be done to ameliorate these deleterious effects? These are some of the key questions that need to be
addressed in the light of the dramatic changes in population demographics.
Recent experiments on highly active older people have thrown some light on answering these questions. These studies have shown
that despite ageing, muscle mass, function and quality can all be well maintained. These data suggest that we need to rethink our
perceptions on the interactions between ageing, exercise and physiological function. - Věda a technologie
Sarcopenia is a very interesting and challenging phenomena with our aging population. Some patients seem to have an accelerated loss in muscle mass over a short period of time as if something profound triggered this effect. Most of the time, cancer screening is negative and comprehensive diagnostic lab studies in these patients are within normal limits. Hormone levels and IGF-1 are often within the normal reference ranges. Inactivity seems to be the single biggest factor which affects this accelerated process of muscle aging as well as the global effects of aging. Thank you for sharing your research and discussion.
In Chinese Medicine, is said that the liver governs muscles.. Any link in science? Myokines? It often seems to me that to make science you usually cut, cut, cut everything in smaller pieces and very soon you loose the complete picture and start to think that that small piece of "knowledge" is very important. Is there someone who's profession is to make complete scientific puzzles, collecting current knowledge, to have a complete picture of the billions of interactions that make up the human being? At least for a fair level of awareness, because I don't believe that a deterministic scientific approach is the key for all, especially when it comes to health.
Sugar. Has anyone looked at NAFLD, liver enzymes, and insulin effects?
Complete inactivity not good, but increasing metabolism with too much exercise is not very good either, walking might be enough. . . IGF1 is pro aging same lot of hormones . . .
@@sgprox021 I exercised intensely for close to 40 years, running, cycling and nautilus style strength training. Eventually I developed an arhythmia, sleep problems and skin issues. I'm now 77 and have had good luck with walking and a little body weight exercise for the past ten years. Hard exercise caused sleep problems, low blood sugar irritability and even gum and skin problems that have disappeared, along with my arhythmia. Intense exercise seems to be good for the ego but may not be healthy.
You don't have to be old to lose muscle.
Injury stopped me from training, shocking how fast the muscle atrophied.
Thankfully with recovery, muscle regain with stimulation was possible.
Thank you for uploading and sharing.
I enjoyed this talk very much. I am 70 y/o active in long distance road cycling and cross country skiing (which works multiple muscle groups) and I work out every day either weights, machines, resistance bands, calisthenics (push up, squats, etc,), or high intensity interval training (HIIT).
Wow!
How many days do you use weights? Do you take any rest days??
Hello Terry.
I wish i lived near you , I would have a training partner.
I'm 70 also and I train daily. But all my friends are either in homes or passed away.
I'm told daily that I look a 50 year old man. I love life and going on healthy as long as I can.
@@bluepeter3470 the world needs your message, loudly. Thank you!!! :)
Arkadij Bucci hello
Thank you sir for your kind comment. Please take care.
im 70 i go gym almost everyday since i was young. im still very muscular and as strong as any twenty something in terms of weights lift. i hv no aches n pains and i also golf a lot. enjoying my quality life tremendously
Nice presentation, but it only confirms what basically everyone already knew. If we don't use it, we lose it.
The truth is it's not just using the muscle. But more important using it with max intent/effort.
Generally people especially older people lose the desire the contract/use their muscle CNS with max effort.
I guess some of you reading this do some kind of exercise. But who of you do the real stuff? Sprinting fast, lifting fast and heavy, jumping high.. so you have it.
Our muscles are controlled from the CNS. Just going for a jog or a bike ride isn't enough. We need to have a strong reason/stimuli for our muscles and tissue to stay or even grow.
At what point in age to start to exercise? O_o
If you see movement as a physiological function, like breathing... At what point in age should you start to breathe?
22
Really enjoyed this video! I would like to figure out how to participate in cutting edge research and technology in this field
If you have the requirements (BSc, MSc in a related field could be perhaps sufficient?) you could write an email to Harridge S. and ask for it :D
@@arkadijbucci64
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I expect I still have 10-20 years until I get sarcopenic. I guess my chance to be 50/50 that a PILL will be developed until then. Aging is just laced with disappointment from beginning to end. There are just so many thousand things that go wrong, how can we ever hope to patch all of this up. With 8 causes of muscle loss, how many medicines would we need to cure at least that? 16? And that is just one aspect of aging. We would need to take so many medicines. Who has the time for that, and who can pay for that? Don't age, run for the hills!
Tldr: move it or lose it. 👍
Years ago I painted a few triptychs on CRUCIFIXION as a student-colleague of Mr Bosch & included The CRUCIFIED PENIS - LH of one of them - little knowing this self-fulfilling prophecy was to arrive on a brutal catheter wielding shock-trooper male nurse. If I had not SEEN & EXPERIENCED Christ's efficacious power during this "minor intervention", which went on & on, I wouldn't be able to say with certainty that sarcopenia, basal lamination, myofiber [etc] are part of His MASSIVE GENIUS in creating the divine body & the flesh it got entangled with.
So an older sedentary person can't reverse aging, just merely reach their age potential?