How Castle Bravo works! World's biggest nuclear bomb ever detonated |
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- čas přidán 15. 03. 2024
- #b3d #nuclear #bomb #military
Castle Bravo was the first in a series of high-yield thermonuclear weapon design tests conducted by the United States at Bikini Atoll, Marshall Islands, as part of Operation Castle. Detonated on March 1, 1954, the device remains the most powerful nuclear device ever detonated by the United States and the first lithium-deuteride-fueled thermonuclear weapon tested using the Teller-Ulam design. Castle Bravo's yield was 15 megatons of TNT. 2.5 times the predicted 6 Mt (25 PJ), due to unforeseen additional reactions involving lithium-7, which led to radioactive contamination in the surrounding area.
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Quiet Desperation Part 2
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Written By
Joshua Carter
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Thank you for watching our exploration of the Castle Bravo nuclear test, a defining moment in history. - Věda a technologie
Was it the BIGGEST in physical size for device... yup. But not biggest in yield. That prize goes to tsar bomba at over 50 MT
tsar bomba was planned to be 100 megatons, but the soviets realised that would be stupid and toned it down to 50
Now compare in 2024 with USA having a 1.21 gigaton design
That's over 1000MT btw
That's what quantum mechanics can do
@@Clancydaenlightened Extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence... please provide it....
The Soviet Union actually detonated five warheads larger than Castle Bravo, including a 25MT monster delivered by an ICBM.
They did? On what dates?
@@TrevorSachkoTsar Bomba is very well known as the largest nuke ever detonated.
They detonated the Tsar Bomba 58 MT dropped from an airplane
@@TrevorSachko en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/1962_Soviet_nuclear_tests
Test 219 was just under 25 MT, detonated over Novaya Zemlya. And there were a handful of shots with yields over 16 MT.
"Pulverized coral radioactive and falling like ash was begin to carry unexpected wind toward unexpected people."
Okay, I've had a couple drinks, but like
what
First H-test was Ive Mike, November 1952 with 10.4 MT yield
Mike was a liquid fuelled behemoth of a contraption, Castle Bravo was the first solid fuel test which vaguely resembled a deliverable bomb.
@@keyss78 And allowed the military that was already planning to build liquid type bombs to discontinue that work.
@@keyss78 correct
I like Teller’s math that says a nuclear bomb of more than 100 megatons is functionally useless because substantially all of the incremental power just gets sent out to space
And that's not troublesome?
@@genghisgalahad8465
No? Shooting energy into space isn’t troublesome
he was right in the sense that producing a higher yield is pointless as most of the extra energy is wasted to space so the law of diminishing returns applies as far as a practical weapon is concerned a larger yield won't result in further destruction on the ground so there is no practical purpose making very large warheads.
Not if it’s underwater.
@@jloiben12 It has to pass through the atmosphere, though, right? That would be troublesome to the atmosphere I would think
The Hiroshima bomb was a uranium gun weapon. Plutonium was not used there. The implosion plutonium bomb was used on Nagasaki. There are always so many mistakes in CZcams content. I’m surprised how poorly people research their subject for their content. Lazy
Totally agree
Thin man used plutonium but they didn’t stick with it
Because it simply doesn’t matter to the layman. Nothing to do with laziness.
or they use that so you comment to argue driving up engagement pushing the video out wider ? shrug
Also castle bravo wasn’t the first thermonuclear weapon. Ivy Mike was the first. Castle bravo was the first lithium deuteride bomb. These creators don’t research squat.
Several mistakes. castle bravo was neither the biggest nuclear detonation in history (it was the tsar bomba, around 50 mT) nor the first thermonuclear explosion (it was ivi Mike)
From the description: "the device remains the most powerful nuclear device ever detonated by the United States " the largest by the USA, not the largest period. I am not sure that is even correct, though.
I really wish people would quit mislabeling the parts of nuclear weapons. The way they're assembled and the individual components aren't a secret anymore.
Teller-Ulam used Radiation Implosion to cause compression. The radiation bottle is an outer casing of high-Z material (usually a thin shell of depleted uranium) which in just about 100 nanoseconds is filled with thermal x-rays which heats the cylindrical tamper of the fusion secondary. That tamper is usually also depleted uranium surrounding a hollow cylinder of lithium deuteride. Down the length of the lithium deuteride is a rod of plutonium-239 to act as a spark plug.
The actual mechanism of compression is caused by the surface of the tamper vaporizing...this causes an almost perfectly symmetric compression shock which delivers compressive energy thousands of times greater and dozens of times faster than high explosives could. By the time the compression wave reaches the plutonium sparkplug...the lithium deuteride is in a state of maximum density...as the plutonium fissions, the fast neutrons released begins to fission the lithium into tritium and helium-4 ( in the case of Li-7, and Tritium and helium-3 in the case of Li-6.) The newly formed tritium and deuterium, already heated to tens of millions degrees, fuse almost instantly, releasing a flood of high speed neutrons...the first of these neutrons aid in fissioning the rest of the sparkplug, and forming additional tritium...the fusion burn is essentially complete by the time 1 microsecond has lapsed...the dense cloud of energetic neutrons slams into the also very dense uranium-238 tamper causing much of it to fission as well... boosting the energy yield of the bomb by 100% or so (essentially doubles energy output.) The physics of this process is a fascinating balance involving statistics, optimization, and reaction rates.
@@TyMoore95503 I'd love to see an ultra highspeed video of this reaction. Much easier to visualize these reactions.
Here for the comments about the tsar bomba
and Bikini Asholl
Tsar Bomba was the biggest: 50-58 MT
Some Facts, Ivy Mike was the first full-scale test of a hydrogen bomb, It took place on the island of Elugelab in Enewetak Atoll on November 01 1952, this was the Teller-Ulam design, a staged fusion device, the Yield was 10.4 megatons, THX for posting. 🇺🇸
What about Tsar bomb
it was less powerfull because the Tsar Bomb fireball was 4.5 miles in diameter only but the Castle Bravo was 5 miles :)))))
They should have known about lithium 6 and 7's cross-sections
( ability to fuse)
Proof that Hindsight is a 20/20 deal
That also is a very popular error that I have tried to correct and have been lambasted for it. The catastrophic fallout had very little to do with the solid lithium-deuteride fuel. Lithium-deuteride simply does not have a complex-enough atomic construction to cause fallout like that.
What caused the unexpected high yield and the fallout was the *uranium* tampering shell they constructed around the fusion fuel. The fusion reaction of the Li-D core was more efficient and more powerful than the liquified deuterium used in Ivy-Mike, yes; it managed to cause an even more efficient fission reaction in the uranium shell. Natural uranium cannot undergo fission by conventional-explosive means. However, when you apply the atomic fusion of lithium-deuteride (or even liquid deuterium, as with Ivy Mike), that *IS* enough to cause natural uranium to undergo fission. With as much uranium as they used just to construct the shells of those bombs, it really is no surprise in retrospect that nuclear fission could give off multiple megatons of explosive energy. Now, it's not like this was actually an unknown random factor; the yield of Ivy Mike was also for the most part caused by thermonuclear-boosted *fission:* 73% of that test's yield came from fission of the uranium components used in that bomb. The Castle-Bravo yield was similar: 67% of that yield came from *fission.* Somebody knew this would happen, yet still insisted on carrying on with the use of uranium as tampering material. As a consequence, these weapons were not actually "hydrogen bombs"; they were boosted-fission bombs, like Greenhouse-George or Greenhouse-Item, on steroids.
Had they used something more docile to build the tampers, like lead, the Castle-Bravo test and the other Castle tests would have been right on point with the outside estimates of yield. It was the uranium components, not the Li-D components, that made the Bravo test into a runaway nuclear disaster. As a hard lesson learned from that operation, the DoD was then essentially forced to make weapon designs that were more-accurately labeled "hydrogen bombs," designing them with lead tampers instead of uranium. There were a few designs that were deliberately meant to poison (or "salt") regions of land, yes, but that is another topic for another discussion.
@@aloysiusbelisarius9992 now that you mention lead tampers, I have read that tsar bomb initially was meant to yeld 100 megatons through the use of an uranium tamper, but in order to give the airplane barely enough time to escape they nerfed the bomb down to a half: 50 mt by switching to a lead tamper instead.
@@JustRememberWhoYoureWorkingFor Yes...but there was more to it than just the weight and giving the plane escape time. A 50-megaton *fission* explosion would have rendered northern Europe and over half of Russia uninhabitable. I'm not sure how much Khrushchev grumbled over having to accept the modification, but the oligarchy did acknowledge and accept the change. After all, it was still a very big bang.
Lithium-7 was assumed to be inert, and only the Lithim-6 would contribute to the bomb's energy budget. This is fundamentally the case, but on the scale of a thermonuclear bomb, the energy flux occurs in millionths of a second. This caused the Lithium-7 to breakdown into Helium (Tritium) which also fused.
Nope. It isn't the heat and pressure of the plasma from the styrofoam that compresses the secondary. it is radiation from the primary that ablates the outside of the cylinder, causing (Newton) the cylinder to implode.
Correct, radiation implosion (or better radiation-induced ablation), first developed by Klaus Fuchs (the Russian spy) and John von Neumann, is used, using Uranium as an x-ray "reflector". The plasma created by the foam just makes sure that x-rays can actually freely travel from the primary to the reflector and to the secondary.
Fun story, the US bomb program actually forgot how to make the foam and had to reinvent it for refurbishment of old warheads.
The central plutonium rod ("spark plug") is compressed by the lithium deuteride, which is being driven inward by uranium (or lead) cylinder, until the plutonium rod begins to fission.
The lithium deuteride being compressed from the outside in and the inside out, in an extremely hot, neutron-rich environment, finally achieves a state in which the deuterium begins to fuse. Soon, there is deuterium, tritium, Li-6 and Li-7, all at extremely high temperatures, and all hell breaks loose.
Thank you for the clip, it's so fantastic!
Very well done video. Liked and subbed
*_love it...great video_***..hope more soon.*
World's biggest nuclear bomb ever detonated. Tsar Bomba enters the conversation...
Well that was complete word salad....
Correction: the pprimary bomb was like the one detonated at Trinity and Nagasaki. Hiroshima was a uranium type canon bomb
Err, Castle Bravo wasn't the first thermonuclear weapon detonated by the US. Ivy Mike was the first. As others have already pointed out
And the main cars was the scientists. They didn’t realize the lithium atoms ⚛️ was going to change its structure during the explosion they thought it was going to cause a negative effect, but in fact, it caused a positive effect
"Castle Bravo" was very impressive test indeed but it was not the first H-Bomb! The first was "Ivy Mike"! And "Castle Bravo" crater was not 200m. wide. It was 2000m. wide.
3:43 "This produces more fusion ... ." -What do you mean "more"? You didn't mention any *initial* fusion. Instead, you mentioned fission several times. Now my nuke is useless.
Ok. I have access to wire and to polystyrene foam. About 1/3 of the way there?
Yep. Now to score some plutonium and depleted uranium. Try Harbor Freight. 🎉
😎
The “huge explosion” is just a result of the heat output of the combined reactions in air. If you teleported a teaspoon of the suns core into a small bunker on a remote island, you would get the exact same result.
Nicely animated!
Biggest nuclear bomb ever detonated is the Tsar Bomba. NOT Castle Bravo
In 🇺🇸
This is back when nukes were fun.
You should have also mentioned how fast the reaction occured like you did with your tsar bomb video.
I am more interested if you can explain how the diagnostic pipes worked in terms of the type of diagnostics they were performing. What test perimeters were they recording, and how was it proposed that this data would be captured?
Makes me want to read The Sum of all Fears again
This is NOT how it (a Teller-Ulam H-bomb) works. I don't remember exactly where I learned how it works but I think it is still classified so I no longer repeat it.
as wicked as the fusion bomb is, the mechanism is genius
Ivy Mike was the first Thermonuclear device detonated using liquid hydrogen. It wasn't a deliverable weapon at the time. Castle Bravo was the first deliverable device using Deuterium and lithium.
You know things got out hand when we had a bomb that used an atomic bomb as a detonator.
The Tzar Bomb was intended to be a super heavy ICBM warhead: the missile that would have carried it was the UR-500, which became the space launch vehicle known as Proton.
amazing video
1:03 sounds like this is the story on how to overcook your fish!
I love these videos!
Erm, people. The largest ever detonated is the Tzar Bomba. Youre welcome.
Castle Bravo was not the first Hydrogen bomb. Ivy Mike was
Of course it had to be a Japanese boat that gets hit by radiation
Survived the first two. Killed by a test.
love the npcs t-poses
The US B41 warhead was 25MT, but we have no public record of test detonations.
Is it TRUE those islands to this day are still radioactive?
Please correct the detail of this video.
Now imagine that same amount of energy being created to empower a Nation with an energy source so abundant it would eradicate the need for certain sectors of Public Utility.
I'm thinking of the movie Chain Reaction (Keanu Reeves). Hydrogen power, clean/free energy, except there was an 'agency' who had to keep that under wraps, because if you dump that onto the world markets, economies would crash and from there we'd all be in a world of shit.
Big in size or in explosion???
Hard to Believe ..... that my styrofoam cup had that much P O W E R !!!! /s
Pls do animation videos about ramjets and scarmjets with working principle
3rd from earth 😊😂😂
😅
This is a Small Device compared to most Thermo Nuclear Bombs .
I thought the first USA thermonuclear bomb was Ivy Mike
Ivy Mike was the first thermonuclear test
They’re gonna need a bigger earth!
If we live on a curved earth how did they see the fireball 250 miles away?
Should have put in why the device was so miscalculated by not understanding the lithium 7 interactions at high mev levels.
And as other pointed out Bravo was around 6 or 7 on largest detonations.
Ivy Mike was the first Thermonuclear test
Exactly what I said
@@iitzfizz I didn’t read the comments first my bad
The tsar bomba had 2 sizes 50mt and 100mt the user used the 50 mt bomb
World's biggest nuclear bomb ever detonated ??? AHAAHAAAAHAAAAAAAA...
Humanity at its best!
So much missing or glossed over. Why was this blast twice as powerful as planned? How does the actual fusion reaction work (which ties to the first question.) There's much more to how the interstage energy transfer triggers the secondary (direct x-ray compression and tamper ablation recoil.) Could have been much better.
World's biggest nuclear bomb? where is dislike buttom?
Russia had half size its 100plus MT to 59MT which was 3.2 times larger than this. and they actually had it mobile and dropped from a plane. the USA has never had one this size capable to be mobilized. the largest I understand is a 5MT but most ICBMs will carry 1MT (multiple ones with dummies). I can't believe he said this was the largest to be set off. as mentioned, it's because it was in a 3 story building. kind of pointless
It looks a lot like the czarbomba diagram !
It is good video and im happy to be subscribed.
Ive done some bigger dumps after a night in the guinness.
Humans are the best species in advanced technology which can be beneficial to humans ingenuity or to destroy the very essence of humanity
Let me cut this short... Most of my bad students deliver presentations with less errors......
Castle bravo is the biggest nuke bomb detonated ever?but what about the Tsar bombs?which is released the highest yield of 58 mega tons.the Tsar bomba is the biggest and highest in all,size and yield.Not the castle bravo.
Tsar bomb was 58 megatons and it was supposed to be 100 megatons but they scaled it back to be safe.
"In theory, the bomb would have had a yield in excess of 100 Mt (418 PJ) if it had included the uranium-238[16] tamper which featured in the design but was omitted in the test to reduce radioactive fallout.[16] As only one bomb was built to completion, that capability has never been demonstrated." It wasn't so much that they scaled it back, they just did not include the uranium-238. The actual, accepted output was 50MT.
How big it is as compared to tsar bomba?
Tsar was almost 3 times as powerful.
@@jesperwall839 its crazy to know that 50MT tsar bomba was the cleanest version of the bomb. Now imagine the 100MT
Physically the two devices were similar in physical size.
@@sammyroldan5773 Way more destruction with a cluster of much smaller mirvs.
Wasnt the first thermonuclear device or the biggest. Firsr was ivy mike. Biggeat was tsar.
4:11 you can go on Google maps and see this crater to this day, also many fans of SpongeBob believe this is where Bikini Bottom is located and that the nuclear radiation is what caused them to become humanord like.
primary was was a fission bomb similar to the device detonated above Nagasaki
Czar bomba is the biggest by a fucking 100 miles.
What about the Tsar Bomba which was 57 mega tons
so a hydrogen bomb mimics how the sun works, so fusion is much more powerful than fission
So is it supposed to be six but it is too strong and got to 15 meg?
The tsar bomba ???
I was there USS CURTIS AV4 I remember.it well
Wasn’t the Tzar bomb physically bigger?? I know the yield was 55 MT far more
Nagasaki was the first city hit with an implosion type nuke which used Plutonium. Hiroshima was hit with a gun type which used uranium. So the fission bomb in this video should be labeled as the type that hit Nagasaki.
Tzar bomb Soviet Union bomb was 50 Megatons. That has been far the largest bomb detonated.
Ivy Mike was the first fusion bomb and was 10 megatons. Castle was not.
That gives them power to facilitate génocidè with impunity?
The Tsar Bomba was the biggest ever exploded thermonuclear bomb at 50 Mt!!
No, the Russian Zar Bomba 58.6 megatons
Dark stuff.
the primary isnt like the Hiroshima bomb its like the Nagasaki bomb.... an implosion device
Nice but the “Styrofoam to plasma” idea was discounted years ago - started only as speculation by activist Howard Morland in the 1980’s. “expanding foam plasma” is not needed in a device where the primary X-rays slam outward and fill the void with the density of lead.
Thought it wasn't styrofoam in the first place, but some sort of aerogel material codenamed "FOGBANK". Which Pantex somehow lost the formula for, and had to spend years and billions of dollars re-inventing.
How/why are you equating the density of x-rays to the density of lead?
Not equating - on detonation the X-Rays emerge with the density of a very heavy metal - like lead.
@@johnwatson3948 why use density and not flux?
Kira-kira ada berapa bom atom (nuklir) yang sudah jadi dan siap pakai di bumi ini?
This was Ivy Mike not Castle Bravo
How do humans figure this stuff out????
We didnt know what we were doing. It was a learning phase. And now we have AI and too few questions are being asked by those who can reign its forward momentum in. Most of our diseases can be attributed to all the nuclear testing done by all the nuclear countries back until around the early 90's and if we take into consideration the path nuclear stuff went we should be extremely worried about AI. Doctors using it to design medicines to cure diseases curiously turned its frightful gaze the other way and it came up with 40 different substances that could end the worlds population or create an almost extinction level event. Have we learned nothing, humanity?
2:05 Pay attention to your details. It's not "fussion".
Why do they have the people as a size comparison have there arms out? it looks kinda ridiculous, it would look much better and normal if they just stood without doing that or is it just me?
It's a man thing they love to exaggerate. Example their height and length. 😏
I believe the makers of this video left out a cylinder inside the device leading from the fission bomb to the Fusion element on purpose so none of us would make one. I am certain that isn't something to worry about thou. 😉
The Castle Bravo bomb is the most powerful bomb the United States has tested.