Particle Physics (24 of 41) What is a Photon? 8. How Are X-Rays Produced?
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- čas přidán 21. 05. 2015
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In this video I will explain how x-rays are produced by photons.
Next video in the Particle Physics series can be seen at:
• Particle Physics (25 o...
Thank you professor. I have a never ending thirst for knowledge and this helps understand X-rays better.
Best teacher ever!
Thanks for the great explanation. For diagnostic X-rays bremstralung is actually the vast majority of the X-rays and determines the system characteristics.
Good input.
@@MichelvanBiezen thanks for the response. So usually in medical imaging the X-ray spectra are referred to by their max energy, ie the kVp rather than the characteristic peak position
It should be strongly emphasized that the electron that was originally knocked-out is from the the inner most shell and not just from any shell.
For Linear Accelerators (LINAC) used for Radiation Therapy the same process is used, is that correct? However, I was wondering why LINAC can produce a much higher energy photon beam than normal x-rays? Is it because the electrons are accelerated, and thus when it is slowed down it releases higher energy x-rays?
This lesson is again another great one! Thank you sir.
Glad you liked it!
What happens to the electrons that were knocked out where do they go? What happens to the electrons in the higher orbitals that are knocked out of orbit, I am sure they release photons as well as they are replaced, but also when an electron is filled in, there is a missing electron in the outer shells of tungsten and so forth, now they are not electrically neutral or ionized. What happens then? What are those implications?
You are very sharp and precise,thank you
Am I getting it wrong? To achieve the pm we need to use 593000 (answer 2.095pm) but should not it be 59300 and the actual answer would be 0.21pm
Any clarification would be appreciated.
you just made life easier thankkkk uuuu!!
Please let know what happened to anode metal atom when electron from cathode knock out the electron from anode atom and produce x ray , does anode atom goes positive ionized???
The electrons are continuously provided by the battery (power supply) which provides a continues flow of charges.
Just a suggestion to you sir, instead of writing the values of h and c again and again in the formula of wavelength [ lambda= hc/E] and then converting it to nano meters by dividing it by a factor of 1.6 x 10^-19, you can simply use this - lambda= 1242/E. This directly gives you the wavelength in nanometers . ( i use this a lot cuz this saves time and i was taught this during the preparation of JEE ) .
Yes, on the JEE, there is no time to waste.
It should be strongly emphasized that the electron that was originally knocked-out came from the the inner most shell and not just from any shell.
Hi there, It's always fuzzy for me when ppl say a "photon" of light is released then ALWAYS draw a squiggly in
just "one direction". For illustration purposes I can see why, but the fuzziness for me is, in actuality, DOESN'T
that light radiation go out in ALL DIRECTIONS not just one linear direction? That is, if we have 5 people
observing the photon of light, one in front, one 90° left, right, up, down...don't all 5 ppl see that wave of light?
Teachers never mention or indicate the the light goes in all directions...always just one direction. As if. if you
were not in front of that photo of light you would not be able to see it. Is that true or false? Can anyone help?
i think it's spread out like you mentioned.
Why cathode rays slow down and emits energy when they passes near to the nucleus of anode ?
cathode "rays" are actually electrons streaming across the gap. When they reach the anode, they collide with the atoms of the anode (like a car crashing into a brick wall). That sudden deceleration causes the electrons to emit energy. (All accelerating charges emit electromagnetic radiation.
Why only inner most electron in W/Mo got knocked out? Why not any other orbital electron?
Thanks in advance.
I don't think we are suggesting that only the inner electrons are knocked out, but only the inner orbit electrons require enough energy to be removed such that x-rays are produced when the next electron falls down and takes its place.
@@MichelvanBiezen Does the kVp of the tubehead need to be above 69.5 in order to create characteristic x-ray, or will a kVp of 11.5 or greater still knock out an L shell electron but then only cause a 9 keV x-ray when the M shell electron takes its place?
I have a question, sir. What happens when we increase the voltage of the tube? We increase the energy of emitted electrons but since the wavelengths of the x-rays depend on the material and they are known based on the kEV, how can increasing the voltage may affect the system?
if we increase the volume, the electrons will have a larger velocity, the electrons will then have a larger kinetic energy and the x-rays they produce will have higher energy per photon.
@@MichelvanBiezen does higher energy per photon mean the wavelength of that photon is smaller? As I stated previously, the material should have a specific wavelength for x-ray emitting. Are we saying that it becomes 10^-10 from 10^-9 (m) for example? If so, what can we say about their kinetic energy?
What is the characteristics line of the continuous line spectrum ?
The continuous line spectrum, (which looks like the black body radiation curve), is produced by the heat of the heat source and the target of the electrons being projected across the gap, the characteristic lines are the peaks produced by the acceleration / deceleration of the electrons themselves.
@@MichelvanBiezen But as i now , the characteristic lines is discrete line , but heat is continuous form of energy , does it show the discrepancy ? And what makes different length of characteristic line ?
Does heat energy produce convert fully into kinetic energy of electron , 1/2 mev^2 or eV ?
The wave length should be in pm and not in nm.
You are correct. Thank you.
thank you soo much
You're welcome!
Such a legend🤍
Now I know that Jason Statham has a second job as a physics teacher.
He is a bit younger than I am, but I'll take the compliment.
Shouldn't the title be "Particle Physics (24 of 37) What is a Photon? 8. How Are X-Rays Produced by Electrons?"
GermanSnipe14
You are correct.