Therapeutic Index | Drug Safety Margin Calculation | LD50 and ED 50 | Therapeutic Safety Index
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A ratio that compares the blood concentration at which a drug becomes toxic and the concentration at which the drug is effective. The larger the therapeutic index (TI), the safer the drug is. If the TI is small (the difference between the two concentrations is very small), the drug must be dosed carefully and the person receiving the drug should be monitored closely for any signs of drug toxicity.
If we plot a curve between plasma drug concentration and per cent of people then the desired effect in 50 per cent of people is called as- Effective dose in 50 % or ED50. and the dose of that particular drug which crosses the safety margin and starts to show side effect to serious lethal effect is called as LD50. LD50 is basically used for animals and for human beings it is termed as TD50 and toxic dose in 50 per cent of the population. so we can say that the therapeutic index is-
TI= Does that produces toxicity in 50 per cent of people divided by the dose that produces an effective clinical response in 50 per cent of people.
The therapeutic dose can also be stated as the distance between ED50 and LD50. a drug which has a value of therapeutic index more than 01 is considered as a safe and the drug having TI value less than 01 is considered as toxic.
The example of high therapeutic index drugs are- penicillin, Diazepam and Atenolol
Example of low therapeutic index drugs are- warfarin
lithium
digoxin
phenytoin
gentamicin
amphotericin
5-fluorouracil
zidovudine
In short - Therapeutic index is an expression of the relative toxicity as compared to the efficacy of a given compound. In animal studies, it can be computed as the ratio of the median lethal dose (LD50) to the median effective dose (ED50). In humans, it is frequently expressed as the ratio of the median toxic dose (TD50) to the ED50.
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Please make a video of calculation formula of dose
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Sir if it has inverse effect100 mg toxic effect and 500 mg good effect, does it happen in exceptional cases??
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Sir kya theraptic index aur morgin of safety dono alag h
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Define pharmacodyanamic and pharmacokinetics and explain prenciples of therapeutics ? Pls sir
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Loading dose wo dose hai jisme hum shuru me kisi drug ka dose jyada dete hai uske normal dose se taki to apna action achhe se surunkar sake aur baad me maintain ho sake
Quantal dose response relationship btain please
Start kari the preparation ,usme mood kharab ho gaya ,( concept is ld for animal ed for human ) but clear ho gaya ,
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Please explain Log Dose
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Abhi ke time me individual calculate karna possible nahi hai
Sir please aap principal of therapeutic batiya
thanku sir jo example aap bataye hai ki agar 500 mg drug me desireble effect milata hai aor 2000 mg me side effect to therapeutic index kitana hoga please sir reply me
aor ager 600 mg pe side effect dega to kitana hoga therapeutic index
TI aise nahi nikalte hai. Formula ke accordingingly LD50/ED50 se nikalta hai. Aap dose de ke TI nhai nikal sakte balki TI dekh ke dose nikalte hain
Sir plz make a video on dose -response relationship..i m not getting it from book KDT
Mayank Mehendiratta Actually it is part of practical pharmacology. You can find it in SK Kulkarni and Padmaja udaykumar. This is well explained in conceptual pharmacology by P. Jagdish Prasad.
@@solutionpharmacy
Sorry this book is not available in clg library..provide me alternative..
make a dedicated video explaining difference between potency and efficacy
You must purchase a few good books. (Conceptual Phaemacology is one of them) this is my suggestion for your benifit. Although i will upload this topic once i will reach to practical section.
Same here....Didnt understood Drug-response relationship
Venkatesh Suryawanshi Dont worry. We will upload it, but it will be after other topics.
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I have a doubt sir why there is taken 50 percent of population....i mean we can took any other percentage...
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Sir in limitation point 2 i think it would be TD1/ED99
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Sir plz make video topics including - principle of therapeutic : therapy as science ,individualisation of drug therapy ,drug regulation and development ,therapeutic jungles, source of drug information .....
Or is there any notes that include all this syllabus ?
Aprajita Prajapati ots not our syllabus
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Therapeutic range and therapeutic window same or different?
Anjali Adhikari different but few books suggest same
Therapeutic window = range betn MEC and MTC and therapeutic index=gap between therapeutic effect DRC and adverse effect DRC ? Is this right then what about therapeutic range ?Im so confused on these 3 terms.
Sir you are ED50 for us 😍
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Can anyone tell me please what is therpeautic formulation in simple language and in hindi
Maine yaha aapko hindi me hi bataya hai. Ye jarur ho sakta hai ki aapko samjh nahi aaya ho
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Sir 3 point smjh nahi aaya