The Gems That Solved a Himalayan Mystery
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- čas přidán 4. 03. 2024
- January babies, rejoice! This month's SciShow Rocks Box video is the story of garnets, and how these fabulous gemstones help us solve geological mysteries, from the Italian Alps to the Himalayas.
Hosted by: Stefan Chin
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Sources:
www.sciencedirect.com/science...
people.earth.yale.edu/sites/d...
doi.org/10.2113/107.3.431
pubs.geoscienceworld.org/msa/...
doi.org/10.2113/gselements.9....
doi.org/10.2113/gselements.9....
www.sciencedirect.com/science...
doi.org/10.1130/G35524.1
Image Sources
www.gettyimages.com
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Gr...
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Sc...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Al...
iu.pressbooks.pub/app/uploads...
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
iu.pressbooks.pub/app/uploads...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Hi...
This video is a gem.
Good one😂
Smooth
You're a gem
Love that one
A Crystal gem
Petrologist here. Garnet doesn't only form from metamorphosed mud stones, they also commonly grow in igneous rock in pegmatites.
I love this chill vibe I'm getting from this set. It gives a more reserved feel, like you're talking to a professor in their study about an obscure branch of their area of study and they're just casually discussing it with you.
Yea I agree, I love this series.
Great comment! I also agree
Grilled Cheese sandwhich? Cool rock SLICES? Layer Cake?
Stefan, are you hungry?
It’s hilarious and bizarre how often scientists of all stripes use food as metaphors to explain something. Physicists do it, geologists definitely do it, and medical doctors do it all the time
I think the writers wrote this before their lunch break lol
Not to mention bread dough
Cooking is a sort of science in its own right, afterall
I'M CALLING BAIT AND SWITCH... THE THUMBNAIL LOOKED LIKE A CHEWEY GOOEY BROWNIE!!!!!
jk... 🤣🤣🤣
Oh HECK yeah!!! Geologist (petrologist) here, garnet is the coolest mineral out there with a plethora of research potential and application
What's petrology?
Petrology is the study of rocks - igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary - and the processes that form and transform them.
What are some of the applications?
Jefe has entered the chat! "Oh yeah, it has a plethora..." /nods
This whole video was one of the applications mate @@DudeWhoSaysDeez
For anyone wondering garnets can also form within cooling bodies of silicious magma thus some kinds of garnets can also be found in igneous rocks. So they are normally metamorphic but sometimes igneous. Rock chemistry seems to be super complicated stuff
For crystals with clear form to develop, it needs fluid media- aka molten rock. So that condition is formed in both igneous and metamorphic conditions as high pressure will enable fluid activity and in metamorphism minerals undergo partial melting and recrystallize. That's why those garnets are aligned along the foliations (it appears like stripes).
Garnet is an experience, and a good one! It's a protector of other gems! It was really a good choice for the character in Steven Universe.
What dies that even mean? It’s just a piece of rock. Spirituality is nonsense.
@kellydalstok8900 I'm referencing the show Steven Universe. Garnet is the name of a character. And is also a garnet.
Do you always assume something you don't understand is a topic or idea you don't agree with? @@kellydalstok8900
I always thought garnet was formed by ruby and sapphire fusing together. Well, now I know better.
it's actually really interesting! They're a kind of modular crystal made of swappable elements. Like, ruby is mostly just aluminum no matter what color of corundum.. but garnets are made **mostly** of these "impurities". Like iron garnets, almandines, have so much iron in them they're literally magnetic.
Garnets are made of love.
@@tsm688 i often find garnets in the magnetic black sands when gold panning, bit easier to collect em with a gem sieve though. Instead of my lil tweezers haha.
I believe in Stephen
I love Stefan’s more energetic videos (science is exciting!) but there’s something very calming about this more laid back style. Love it. Great job Stefan & team!
WOW! The vibes are ON POINT! I am an avid scishow consumer and I absolutely love this new setup
I love my blue garnets. Love all of them! NOW they can teach? Amazing!
if they are real, they are going to be extremely rare. blue garnets dont exist in nature (the only ones that can be considered "blue" are the color changing ones from madagascar, othervise the chemistry of these minerals does not allow the formation of blue color).
Those color changers from Bekley Madagascar are incredible.
Interesting that a gemstone if observed and studied tells us how such giant mountains might've began to form
As a Yu-Gi-Oh player.. this video was a trip. Im so used to hearing "garnet" as a card term lmao
Only one thing enters my mind when i hear garnet...
This is Garnet, back together, and we're never going down at the hands of the likes of you because I'm so much better. And every part of me is saying go get her.
For me, the first thing that comes to my mind is princess Garnet from Final Fantasy 9
Garnets are so common I’m surprised
As someone who never played TCG, I was baffled why they kept saying "garnet" when I started playing DL. Turns out it was a vanilla Gem-Knight.
This is Garnet
Back together
And I'm never going down at the hands of the likes of you
Because I'm so much better
And every part of me is saying go get her
The two of us ain't gonna follow your rules
Come at me without any of your fancy tools
Let's go, just me and you
Let's go, just one on two!
3:20 thank you, thing.
I was wondering if anyone would comment on the hand. 😂
Cool to see my birthstone doing such wonderful things in the world of nature and science
Coacoa, cheese sandwich, cake. Good that I'm having breakfast while watching :-)
now I'm hungry ...
Garnet is made of love
I like the disembodied head and hands effect. Very Méliès.
They've done that a couple of times now. I agree, it's very fun.
Garnets are my favorite gemstone. I have several. I don't even like diamonds. Plus, if I lose a garnet, they are much cheaper to replace.
I'm an anti-diamond too. Give me colored stone, the deeper the color the better. Diamonds are just boring.
Thanks!
Please donate to my charity
Thumbnail is a cookie. Legit had to read the title to realize
'Middle of July' (at 3:25) is Winter where I live.
LOL, yeah, that's the Euro-American bias showing, innit? I'd apologize on behalf of us all, but I'm not sure it would help. 🤷🏽♀️
It's so fascinating to me that you can use the presence or lack of specific minerals and/or elements to pin down a narrow range of temperatures and pressures that the rock experienced over the process of gem formation. I'm curious though: how exactly *do* gems grow? Do molecules/atoms just slowly move around within the rock because quantum mechanics?
I'm positive typing in the question how do gems grow in CZcams will give you all the answers mankind knows about at the moment. And you've made me curious so I'm going to do that right now, I feel like I have a decent idea but I can't remember from whenever I had learned about in the past
It’s more or less normal physics, but of course quantum physics can play a role. It’s more or less the same process as an ice cube crystallizing.
Imagine you have a massive bowl of really hot soup, and you seal it inside of a chamber so it’s not exposed to air. Natural heat convection will cause some movement already. But slowly, over time, the soup will cool. Let’s say it’s chicken noodle soup. Some stuff, like the chicken, will be more dense than let’s say, celery. Given enough time, they will differentiate based on density.
Now, if you assume that similar particles have similar charges (not really applicable in soup), they’ll want to naturally orientate themselves into specific crystalline patterns (based on the molecular geometries, atomic size of each element, the charges of each element, etc). In a pure crystal, these will be a repeatable pattern of elements. Sometimes, certain elements can fit into the spots normally occupied by a more common element. This is more or less what constitutes the varying types of gems within a specific family. If a matching particle happens to come close to the edge of a growing crystal, it can fit its way into the crystal and then get locked in place. This continues as a crystal grows.
Different types of crystallization can happen, but generally, it follows that kind of process.
even under incredible pressure, heat is motion, atoms vibrating around. they can diffuse from place to place and crystals will attract more of the same kind of elements.
Minerals just grow kinda out of fluid crystalization. But technically it's not truly fluid, but more like a plastic in a sense that crystallizes. Igneous rocks are the true sense of fluid crystal growth. But metamorphic rocks are very complicated. There's even textures of the minerals that can tell us which grew first and last as well as before, during, or after major deformation (Such as folding and shearing).
I love this! And it makes me love garnets even more! ❤
See? Now THAT is an ad that works and doesn't have me reaching for my mouse instantly.
Finally a decent setting for the best damn pint sized Sci-News channel on CZcams! 👍👌Good on you!🙌
0:43 That's a display at the Smithsonian Natural History Museum! I saw it again just a few weeks ago. The Hall of Gems and Minerals is amazing, and they already have a Bennu sample on display!
I love the comparisons you've made! I know nothing about geology and rocks but followed the video really well, thank you SciShow!
Yaaaahs! I love these! That Rocks Box has been SO much fun each month!
Thanks for this. It reminded me of what I had forgotten from my geology studies back last century. It also reminded me of a 3 mile hike(each way) in the cold wind & rain in the Scottish Highlands to look at an outcrop(40cm x 25cm) containing garnets that were
I think I've looked at a similar outcrop, and another in a large boulder next to the trail. Only it was driving with sleet at the time. Happy times.
Excellent! I really enjoyed this explanation of one of my favorite gems!
Hi Stefan!
Chill SciShow is my favorite SciShow.
When I saw the thumbnail, I definitely thought it was part of a chocolate chip cookie before getting a better look.
You guys are on a roll with cool topics lately!
My birth stone!
Your videos are consistently fantastic, I'm a big fan
Listening back on sci show tangents I miss you on the show you were awesome
Love your analogies
Hey! It was really cool to learn about garnets. I am currently working on synthesizing some in a lab for use in batteries! Crazy stuff!!
wonderful. i love it.
This is a perfect summary of my thesis background work!
Yep, this new set rocks!
Mmmmm... Cookie...
Enjoyed that, thanks.
Love the new sets!
Stefan! Talking about rocks! Perfect episode. (For context, I'm listening through all the sci show tangents episodes on Spotify and just got to the season where Stefan stopped being on the show.😢 )
Very interesting. Thank you.
Thank you
Garnets are my favorite gems, hands down.
This is excellent. I'm subscribing right now!
I have a few >.5 carat black garnets. They're gorgeous.
Crystals under a trenchcoat...checks 👌
Ayyy!! The new background is sooo dope!! Get it!!
I hope to see more amazing content like this👍🙌
❤❤❤❤❤inserting how gems came help us understand more of the earth
This video ROCKS...
Yall need to have more rock boxes available, I've been trying to signup for 4 months already and its always sold out. I dont even get a notification that its in stock when you make these videos. ( Fantastic videos btw, keep'em coming)
This set is a delight. I always enjoy it
I want a studio tour, I love seeing new sets and rooms
Amazing 😊
I don't know why but Stefan is my favorite SciShow host, I'm always glad to see him lol
Thanks to our understanding of plate tectonics for sponsoring today’s video
I like the video styles are going to these desk talks
AOK, loved the explanations and knowledge, and how about one on zircons and let us know how they compare with garnets as far as allowing us to figure out geology 🙂 !!!
Yes, I was wondering if he would mention zircons. They provide different information about what happened to the rocks.
I like the new format. Sound has more room echo, but I prefer the setting.
It's so important to gather as much information as possible from as little material as possible - especially doing robotic research in inhospitable places like deep sea and outside of our planet.
Makes me want to get back into cutting gemstones. :)
Thank you! Let’s rock ‘n’ roll😊
this video *rocks!* 😎👍
I didn't know that the stones that my father collected on his wanderings through the alps can tell so much about the history of mountain ranges.
I love the background!
I would like to call out that the bit about gems coming in a lot of colours is true of every gemstone except peridot which only comes in green. It's part of why "her eyes were like sapphires" annoys me, because sapphires come in dozens of colours.
Its really cool how garnets specifically can be used in this way though!
Eyes also come in lots of color :)
@danielauto3767 haha, true, but it doesn't given me any additional information. Also, not often in yellow, pink or purple. :p
The rock box sounds cool
I think the Rock Box is a great idea. I cut my first cabochon when I was 6 years old, so I see this as a wonderful way of bringing new people into the hobby.
- About garnets. I was very impressed to find garnets in North Carolina, at a family reunion - out west (Oregon), we do not have metamorphic rock (to my knowledge - there could be some washed down during the Missoula floods, but I don't know if that is so). As a faceter, garnets are highly frustrating (cabochons at 6, faceting when I was 14 - lapidary has been a big part of my life) because I'll be cutting a facet (it is actually abrading, and I'm really not sure why we call it cutting) and all of a sudden, with no warning whatsoever, there is a hole in the middle of my facet. Since one can only take material away, not add to it, cutting through that wole makes the stone smaller. I imagine, form this video, that those woles are comprised of those "protected" inclusions that you can only discover on my level when one abrades away the material. Garnet is also pretty soft, with a more noticeable variation in hardness depending on direction than the sunstones that I have been cutting recently.
I studied geology in the late 1960’s during the transition from the geosyncline model of mountain building to plate tectonics. I remember learning the Barrow scale and thinking how it worked well with a plate tectonic model while the geosyncline model just made no sense.
There is a black sand beach in scotland where the sand has loads of tiny garnets in it.
Garnets also grow in the company of other minerals and these leave indentations on the crystal faces of the garnet. by examining the indentations it is possible to infer the crystal shape and hence the identity of those minerals giving another guide to temperature and pressure conditions and the possible presence of those minerals in alluvial garnet deposits.
If there is a chocolate layer cake outcrop anywhere on the planet, I am there.
I really like Garnets, and since they're my late son's birthstone, they're even more special to me. Thanks, guys.
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Please, take time to tell your loved ones you love them EVERY chance you get. Tomorrow is not a given; you're never promised the next sunrise.
~ ~ ~ ~
"And don't let it break your heart. I know it feels hopeless sometimes. But they're never really gone as long as there's a memory in your mind." _Hold On To Memories_ Dave Draiman, Disturbed
💔 💔 • RIP MWB • 💔 💔
We're ready to rock 🤟🏾😂 🪨
4:42 When a temperature has been rounded to the nearest 100°C, it does not make sense to quote its Fahrenheit equivalent to a precision of 1°F.
looks like they forgot about their sig figs!
The Eocene epoch was epic...
Ooh, I love this new apothecary set! It... oh. I think I see evidence of chroma keying on his right elbow at 0:27. Still, looks nice, and obviously the desk and probably some stuff in the foreground are practical, and maybe the filing cabinet?
Garnet is not gemstone with specific chemical composition. It is more like broad range of gemstones with specific kind of crystal structure of silicate tetrahedral. So their chemical composition varies and colors, too.
Thumbnail looks like a chocolate chip cookie..
"...kind of like how bread dough will only start to rise if your kitchen is warm enough"
So we are baking!
Garnet Chip Cookie ♥
I was a gold miner in Dawson City in The Yukon Territory. We acquired so many garnets and many other crystals. Why are you not covering this ancient area?
Been pretty sick today so not at work, thought I'd watch a video about rocks.
Turns out every comparison made was with food, why does the universe torture me so.
Himalayas are a natural wonder.
I got one of these!
Thumbnail looks like a tardigrade on its back! xD
My birthstone! 🥰
The next time I put on my garnet earrings I'll thank them for helping to decode the world.
I wonder why watching a video on rocks made me hungry.
My birthday is in January. And garnets is associated as the birth stone for that month.
remembering that gems and crystals can grow and change based on environmental conditions really makes me think that life exists more on a continuum than a strict binary between living and non-living. it's all just chemistry and physics in the end
Love the new set :)
- but maybe add a little hairlight 💡for background seperation :)
Have you ever considered electric universe theories on geological formations?
Garnets need to be especially fine, because it's such a slender fish.
Yeahh