Introduction to unconformity || stages and types

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  • čas přidán 6. 09. 2024
  • Unconformities:-
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    - An unconformity is a plane of discontinuity that two rock starta.
    - Unconformities are formed when there is break in sedimentation. This creates a gap in geological record.
    - It is an erosional surface that separates older rock from the younger rock.
    Stages of formation of Unconformities:-
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    1. formation of Older rocks.
    2. Subareal erosion of older rocks.
    3. Formation of younger succession of beds above the surface of erosion.
    Types of Unconformity:-
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    1. Angular unconformity
    2. Disconformity
    3. Local unconformity
    4. Non conformity
    Angular unconformity:-
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    - The rock bed on opposite sides of angular unconformity are not parallel.
    - If the bed beneath the erosional surface are folded or tilted , so that there is an angular relationship between the older and younger beds, this contact is called angular unconformity.
    - The altitude of the rock above and below the plane of discontinuity are differ from each other.
    - Here both the younger and older rocks are Sedimentary rock.
    Disconformity:-
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    - It is also known as parallel unconformity.
    - The rock beds present above and below the unconformity are parallel to each other.
    there is no angular relationship.
    - The lower and upper series of beds are dip at the same amount and at the same direction.
    - This type of Unconformity found in sedimentay rock i.e. both the younger and older rocks are Sedimentary origin.
    Local unconformity:-
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    - It is also known as non depositional unconformity.
    - This unconformity is also termed as diastem.
    - It is similar to disconformity but it is local in extent.
    - The rock difference between the younger and older rocks is very less.
    Non conformity:-
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    - It is also known as heterolithic unconformity.
    - Here the older rocks are plutonic igneous rock but the younger rocks may be sedimentay rock or lava flow.
    - Here erosion must have occur to expose to plutonic igneous rock at the surface.
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