Cuban Revolution - Cold War DOCUMENTARY
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Our historical documentary series on the history of the Cold War continues with a video on the Cuban Revolution of 1953-1959, as we see how the 26th of July Movement led by Fidel Castro managed to defeat the US supported dictator Fulgencio Batista.
Cuba before Castro: • Cuba before Castro - D...
Cuban Demographics: • Cuba Before the Revolu...
Taiwan Under the Kuomintang Dictatorship: • Taiwan Under the Kuomi...
What Happened to the German and Japanese POWs?: • What Happened to the G...
Operation Paperclip: • Operation Paperclip - ...
German Expulsions: • German Expulsions Afte...
Soviet Education System: • Soviet Education Syste...
How Khrushchev Fed the Soviet People: • How Khrushchev Fed the...
Novocherkassk Massacre 1962: • Novocherkassk Massacre...
Soviet Tourism: • Soviet Tourism: How di...
Soviet Passport System: New Serfdom or Reform?: • Soviet Passport System...
Kaliningrad: How Russia Got a Stronghold in Europe: • Kaliningrad: How Russi...
How the Soviets Won the Early Space Race: • How the Soviets Won th...
Soviet Television and Radio: • Soviet Television and ...
Top-5 Myths About the Soviet Union: • Top-5 Myths About the ...
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#ColdWar #Documentary #Cuba
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Should do a followup video on operation northwoods
This is a really interesting video about Cuba and I was actually waiting for this one 🇨🇺☯️ I’m looking forward to part 2 ✅
Verano means summer, not spring.
What is that music at the end of your videos?
Bro there's a mistake - REVOUTION in the video thumbnail
Fun fact: Before the revolution, Cuba was so close to USA that, when Castro gained power after deposing Batista, it initially attracted little attention in Moscow. Soviet planners, resigned to US dominance over the Western Hemisphere, were unprepared for the possibility of a future ally in the region. According to later testimonies from Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev, neither the Soviet Communist Party's Central Committee nor KGB intelligence had any idea who Castro was or what he was fighting for. Khrushchev advised them to consult Cuban communists, who reported that Castro was a representative of the "haute bourgeoisie" and working for the Central Intelligence Agency. It was not until Khrushchev's deputy Anastas Mikoyan's trip to Cuba in February 1960 & the 1961 Bay of Pigs Invasion the Soviets were convinced that Castro was a communist.
Cool.
So the Americans pushed Castro to become pro Soviet...interesting
A Florida neighborhood
Well the Soviets in fact were more friends with Raúl Castro. Fidels brother. Raúl was a communist and had friends on the KGB
He was neither a "haute bergeoisie" or a communist, he was an opportunist.
I’m surprised there was only a brief, oblique reference to casinos . Gambling interests, read organized crime, exerted considerable influence in Cuban politics throughout the ‘40s and ‘’50s. Hell, everyone from Carlos Marcello to Jack Ruby was running around down there.
But, and there’s always a but, the loss of Cuba spurred the meteoric growth of Las Vegas.
If you watch the earlier parts of this series, there is a lot of mentioning of the gambling and prostitution during the Batista regime (and before).
Great Video, guys. I have, however, a couple of comments about certain aspects related to the Spanish language (I'm a native speaker):
1) The word 'verano' means 'summer', not 'spring'.
2) The 'g' in the name 'Fulgencio' is a voiceless velar fricative. It's pronounced approximately like the 'h' in 'have' or like the 'ch' in the Scottish pronounciation of the word 'loch'. The same with the name 'Eulogio'.
3) The 'u' in the name 'Guevara' is silent. It's used in this case to change the pronounciation of the 'g': instead of the Scottish 'loch', it is something similar to the English word 'get'.
4) The stress in the name 'Urrutia' is on the the syllable 'rru' instead of 'tia'.
5) The surname 'Guiterrez' is not correctly spelt. It is actually 'Gutiérrez'.
I know, Spanish spelling can be a little bit tricky. 😜
Great comment.
During the Cold War, my Mother made sure that I didn't take Spanish as a foreign language in junior high school and high school. My Mother said, "No child of mine will learn Spanish!!" Back then, the Spanish were the lowest nationality in Western Europe. 😂😂😂😂😂
@@John77Doe werent they fascists?
@@counterfan90 Correct. That held back the Spanish economy. Saturday Night Live used to do a comedy news sketch in the 1970's that Generalissimo Franco of Spain was still clinging to life. The guy lived forever ruling over Spain from 1939 to 1975.
😃😃😃😃😃😃😃
Something tells me your pronunciation of English is worse.
Amazing to see this channel going strong with quality content. The Cold War was never much of interest to me, but this channel showed me so many interesting details that I keep coming back at it. Thanks and keep up the great work!
Hello there
Agreed. I read primarily medieval and Renaissance history, but this channel has whetted my interest in this period.
*My favorite channel to watch about the Cold War period.*
Future collab maybe?
Thank you for the kind words, Stefan! I really enjoyed your video today, keep up the amazing work!
The hat, beard & cigar was easily recognized for years. Talk about branding
CIA famously considered poisoning him so as to make his beard fall out (among other barmy ideas in addition to assassination)
In April, 1959 - Castro was greeted by 100,000 youngsters in Queens, New York wearing the green-hat / beard costume marketed by Hasbro Toys. Hasbro later marketed 'mop-top' wigs to capitalize on the 'Beatles' craze.
1:47 Fulgencio Batista takes power following coup
2:52 Fidel Castro's early protests
5:17 Failed coup & it's aftermaths
Fidel, Raul & many other rebels imprisoned (given amnesty after 23 months)
8:09 *26th of July movement*
Castros flee to Mexico (Che Guevara joined the movement here)
9:11 Castro's ideologies
11:13 Gruelling voyage of the rebels from Mexico to Cuba
Pais's ebellion crushed in Cuba
15:33 American reaction
16:54 *Sierra Maestra Manifesto*
19:34*Operation Verano*
Kidnapping of foreign civilians
23:35 Castro continues his attacks
Batista cedes power & gives it to General Cantillo
26:23 Castro takes Santiago & Guevara takes Havana
Urrutia given presidency (nominal)
27:24 Measures taken by Castro
Oppression of Batista supporters
Guevara given power
Castro becomes Prime Minister
Castro's 11 day trip to the US
30:20 Further reforms
Decreasing salary of high officials
Increasing salary of lower officials
Decreasing bills of electricity, gas etc.
*Agrarian reforms*
31:43 Dissents in Cuba & Castro's subsequent resignation (rejoined swiftly)
Urrutia's resignation after public protests
34:21 Oppression of media & opponents
Formation of Cuban Communist Party
35:21 Exodus of many Cubans
Anti-Castro groups
Strain in relationship with America
37:24 Cuba-Soviet alignment & end of diplomatic relations with the US
Great work! Thank you.
The comment we need
You are missing that, from day one, of the so-called Cuban revolution the Batista dictatorship, which kept Cuba and cubans enjoying a prosperous way of life until 1959, was replaced by what is known and suffered all cubans the Castro dictatorship, which has DESTROYED my, once prosperous, country. You are reproducing in English the history used and manipulated mainly by the magazine Bohemia, to wash the real horrors that Castro and his minions put in place to destroy the island and democracy in the name of Communism.
I’d suggest you to do more RESEARCH! Have you spoke to political refugees in Miami ?
@@Bobrosky1989 Have you ever heard of bias?
A ship exploding in Havana harbor causes the blaming of the wrong country for it? Where have I heard that before?
History doesn't repeat itself, but it sure does rhyme
The U.S. falsely blamed Spain for blowing up the uss Maine in the Spanish American War.
Every time a glass cup breaks in a latin american leftist country, the USA is blamed!
@@FrauleinMuller999 every time a coup happens in Latin America, the U.S. is usually behind it.
So happy that u guys are covering Latin Amerca's role in the cold war, I remembered your Guatemala video & being excited that you guys are covering Latin America in the cold war. The Cuban revolution might be not only the most influential event of the cold war in Latin America but also the most influential event in Latin American history. So much of the US' policy on LA can be traced back to the Cuban revolution & I hope events like The Brazil 64 coup or the 1973 coup of Allende are covered on this channel as both are products of US fear during that time with both Goulart & Allende having ties to Fidel.
A small remark: Verano means "summer" not "spring".
Not directly by CIA doesn’t mean without knowledge and assistance of CIA.
Finally! The video I've been waiting for ever since the election of JFK and The Falklands War from the Argentine perspective.
Hi Mitch.
I'm from Argentina (Córdoba). Why was that video so expected for you?
I'm sorry. I can't name the islands as you did.
I had to gather some strenght to watch that video. And I left my comment thanking Cardozo for such meticulous job and local authorities for allowing the existence of the cemetery.
Greetings from Córdoba, Argentina.
This dude is quickly becoming one of my favourite people to watch on CZcams. Love this channel.
Former Tarzan actor Johnny Weismuller was playing golf in Cuba the day Batista was overthrown. He tried to explain to the Sandinistas that he wasn't with the government but they didn't speak English so he started doing the Tarzan yell. Fortunately they were huge Tarzan fans and even gave him a ride back to the hotel.
Edit: My mistake, the Sandinistas where not Cuban.
Sandanistas ! ?
Awesome xD
Excellent video, this came at the perfect time for me as I have been reading Che Guevara's autobiographical accounts of the Cuban revolution. Amazing work as always
Wow, its finally here. I had been wondering for months when we would see the next video on the Cuban Revolution.
I had to watch this a second time this was so good! Good work!
truly one of your best videos! so comprehensive!
I'm very much looking forward to future episodes about Cuba! This was another excellent learning experience for me. Thank you!
Stay well out there everybody, and God bless you, friends! ✝️ :)
I consider the Cuban Revolution to be one of the first examples of blowback, and the US would just keep refusing to learn the lessons about supporting right-wing dictators in the western hemisphere.
every time communism has arisen it was not the result of students who read marx protesting, or "intellectual professors" somehow taking control of government. its always been the blowback for extreme authoritarianism, poverty and, most of the time, colonialism.
of course, that sort of shatters the narrative, making it appear as if the dog bit first, when in reality it had been repeatedly kicked for decades if not centuries.
Now, Cuba it's no more Castro's era
They'll never learn. For all the complaining from the US right and left about China, Iran and Russia they still continue to stick their unwanted noses in Latin America's business with the short lived Bolivian coup and another failed attempt in Venezuela as the most recent episodes
Incompetent and brutal right-wing dictatorships Inspire left wing insurgencies that upon succeeding often become left-wing dictatorships that apologist for the old regime use as retroactive justification
Such a brutal cycle that could be prevented by sensible reforms
If anything, the lessons the US learned are about strategy on repressing revolutions and fucking over socialist countries. Sipporting puppet right wing dictatorships is their modus operandi, the US Empire can't survive without it
New animations are just amazing
You are a true treasure sir....What a great channel!! I watched & listened without blinking my eye 👍👏👏🙏 ....Salute you from Turkiye !!
19:35 : Verano means summer, not spring, thus it would be Operation Summer
Thank you. Very well done
The slow trainwreck of Batista military reminds me of Afghanistan.
when you rely on corruption and nepotism it can backfire very quickly
Great show, I love your work!
There were just so much similarities between pre-revolution Cuba and Ferdinand Marcos’s Philippines. Of course the outcome of the revolutions differed. In the case of the Philippines there was no left wing took over and in the case of Cuba there was no Batista comeback 36 years after the revolution itself.
The only thing that stopped the Reds from taking over the Philippines was Ronald Reagan's Ulsa Massa where Ronald Reagan even armed the Knights of Columbus and made them a rightwing death squad. Under Corazon Aquino, El Partido was collecting the Revolutionary Tax in the provinces and the NPA units moved into Metro Manila and started attacking government agents and installations. Sparrow Units would run up to traffic cops and shoot them in the head point blank and then disappear into the crowd. I lived through it. The general public made a hero out of Balweg, a renegade Roman Catholic Priest with two wives who hid in the Cordillera Mountain range among the Indios. I lived through it. Remember, Balweg, "The Armor of God"???
😂😂😂😂😂😂😂
FEM was technically a facist according to western view. And if it was left wing, The Philippines would probably suffer the same fate as Cuba. The latter's economy affected not because of trade embargo but because of mismanagement and socialist principles.
Right now Marcos' son, Bong Bong is currently The President of The Philippines but again, he's not the same as his father but remains progressive.
@@flip1sba Congratulations on knowing the middle name of Ferdinand Emmanuel Edralin Marcos, 10th President of the Philippines. I think you are forgetting the clan relationship, which the Cubans did not have. Fidel Ramos is the 2nd cousin of Ferdinand Marcos.
Marcos appointed family members to high positions falsely believing in the Ilocano clan system. In 1972, Marcos appointed Fidel Ramos, Chief of the Philippine Constabulary. Ultimately, Fidel Ramos betrayed Marcos, barricading himself inside Camp Crame along with Enrile and a small contingent of mutinous Philippine military.
😃😃😃😃😃😃
@@flip1sba if its not the trade embargo affecting cubas operation, why have one in the first place?
It would definately be a better 'gotcha' moment if the usa let cuban socialism fail on its own...but they know it wont.
@@mikeyorkav4039 At least, own up to the fact that plenty of Cubans left, nay, ESCAPED batista’s Cuba. You’d think that Castro invented “Making Cuba less hospitable”.
The photo you use at 8:10 shows the young journalist René Lévesque interviewing Castro. Lévesque would go on to become Québec's premier and be the driving force behind that provinces independence movement.
Don't forget that a few years later, Castro will give political asylum to some FLQ members.
fidel castro's son actualy become canada's prime minister.
Fidel proclaiming himself a communist after the revolution was an opportunist move, aside from any idealization that many communists feel towards the Cuban revolution, Fidel was closer to Brezhnev than to Lenin or even Stalin
"Go fix that" lol I love that way of putting it. Will you be doing Missile Crisis as well as the Bay of Pigs? I’m forming a playlist 😊
Good to see a video that treat the topic in a balanced way, without apologizing nor glorifying, nor vilifying. Children should learn the history of the 20th century, which is too centered around the rise of Fascism and WW2, worthy topics indeed, but the Cold War is at least as important on understanding the current situation in the world.
True. In latin america i feel lile this topic always either approached with extreme bias towards, or against. Either they almost religiously worship castro's ensemble and revolution, or they absolutely loath it
@@FrauleinMuller999 it's not difficult to loath communism...
@@tecuci76 oh yeah much better liberalism right xd
@@marcgarrigosmane166 i was born in a communist country and i know what it means, so jeah, much better liberalism
@@tecuci76 there has never been a communist country, only countries with communist aesthetics
Can't imagine a better way to start a video than a Godfather II reference.
Love the music that swells at the end of your videos
Was Jstor your main source? I read the article and didn't really understand but I still kind of received the points. The video you made covered all the important points covered in the article and allowed me to understand everything much better!
Great video sir! A great book that dives deep into both the revolution as well as the mob’s influence in Cuba is Havana Nocturne by TJ English. I highly recommend this book to anyone who enjoyed this video.
This video is best enjoyed with a Rum & Coke, aka the Cuba Libre.
Amazing video, allways getting better!!!
This is a fact & a half...🎯😃👍
Cubans?
Amazing video. Keep on uploading videos. 👏 ❤️
💯✅
Fantastic video keep it up your doing amazing job
Great videos 💯
Best channel of history in the cold war 😃😃😃😃😃😃👍 amazing great success
Cuba had slavery before the revolution. Why is that always left out?
Edit: I should add, I really appreciate your content.
I assume because slavery was abolished by the Spanish in 1886.
@@masterplokoon8803 I really hate people like you that think because something is on paper, that means it doesn't happen anymore. You know america says they abolished slavery right? But what is its prison system and what does it allow companies to do overseas or in Latin america?
@@masterplokoon8803 "abolished"
Just like slavery in the usa still exists under the 13th amendment. Wonder why the usa has 25% of the global prison pooulation?
and now the Cuban people live under Communism...which is just another form of slavery.
@@Fr0sty4242 if thats the case then why doesnt cuba have another revolution? They brought down a dictator that was backed and armed by the us government. Surely they could do it again if they are so oppressed. Im sure the usa would gladly back any revolutionary coup.
Ask yourself that.
Meanwhile tent cities are growing in the usa. There doesnt seem to be tent cities in cuba
Thanks
Thank you, for the facts about Cuba.
Verano means summer
Congratulations and big THANKS for all your big effort in all of your work which I just started to get knowing, can’t be a patreon due to poverty doug
Every day I’m devouring the cold war series, at high school wish I had a history teacher as good as you are, well I have your lessons now and are being well apreciated and had being sharing some of them in my circle
Excellent video again, Team. David, somehow I think your Spanish pronunciation is a little off, but not to worry, you did a great job. This channel is one of 6 that I press the like button before watching the vid. Only to be frustrated because I can't press it again. Cheers.
SO THAT’s what happened.
Excellent documentary.
📻🙂👍
Nice documentary
Fidel was pretty based, NGL.
What? No Dad joke about the bell button? There goes my weekend 🤣🤣🤣
Man, Cuba is the biggest mistake of US long-term strategy, they left a isle close to Miami be a Soviet Ally
Yeah right
It is capitalist greed that drives capitalism and US foreign policy. The Cuban revolution proves that socialist revolution is both necessary and possible.
I wish these episodes were translated into Spanish.. 10/10 !
No
I like that you mention that a great deal of anti-castro refugees were upper class people who benefited from Batista. Castro had overwhelming support amongst the poor as the poor who were the majority of Cubans lived pretty awful lives, some were basically slaves with no hope for a better life. People who support Castro do so because he dramatically uplifted those people. Cuba now has some of the best education, healthcare, reserch, etc for countries with it's size economy, and that's all with the worlds harshest embargo.
I am Canadian and lived in Cuba for more than 15 years and only left because of Covid. I would have stayed there, ONLY because that is where my Cuban wife is and remains.
This kind of subterfuge only works to worsen the economic and political repression that the average Cuban suffers day to day with their endless struggles to have enough food to feed themselves and their children.
As a small example I was very sick one day, about 10 years ago and went to the Medical Clinic and was told in no uncertain terms to go find some medicine in the town I lived in because they had none. This is only one small example of the many many terrible things that occur there on a day to day basis.
Yo soy Canadiense y yo he vivido en Cuba ms que 15 años y la unica razon que yo salio de Cuba fue porque viene la Covidonga. Quisiera quedarme alla porque mi Esposa Cubana est en Cuba y a este dí se queda en nuestra Casa, en Cuba.
Esas mentiras solamente solamente va a causar sus situaciones quedarse terrible. Todos los Cubanos estn viviendo con condiciones HORRIBLES sin comidas, sin medecinas, sin casi todas las cosas que son necesarios para vivir correctamente y saludamente. Esas familias son sufriendo dia por dia momento por momento.
Un ejamplo pequeño fue un día yo estaba muy enfermo y fui a hablar con el doctor y el me dijo.. no hay medecinas, busca la medecina que necesita en el barrio. Dale pa tra! Ese es solo un ejamplo de todas las cosas horribles que ellos estn sufriendo momento a momento, como ya he dicho.
El internet es LLENO con la gente que crean que saben, pero sin vivir en Cuba... calle te tu boca.
Upper class people rarely suffer like the middle-class and lower-class... Fidel not only seized American owned property and businesses, he seized small Cuban owned grocery stores, hardware stores, etc. owned by Cuban nationals. Even small mom and pop shops in small and rural towns. Ever been to Cuba? You cannot even buy common nails or screws... Why? Because there are no hardware stores..! Schools are run down. Hospitals and clinics don't even have basic medicine to distribute to people... Cuba is a broken country..! And who are the upper-class in Cuba today? Government officials and their families! Today more than ever the Cuban people have no hope for a better life or even a future..!
@@gregrodriguez714 End the US Blockade of Cuba.
@@gregrodriguez714 isn't there a US blockade of Cuba? THat would hamper development over the decades. If USA played nice decades ago, and did not support Batista on his coup, Cuba might be a very different place today.
Can’t wait for “bay of pigs” video !!!
Amazing
19:36 ‘Verano’ actually means summer Spring in Spanish is ‘primavera’
The explosion of the French ship Le Coubre in Havana harbor on March 4, 1960 was a watershed moment in the Cuban Revolution. Le Coubre was off-loading munitions shipped from Europe. In many ways, France (still clinging to a 'colonial-construct') was an agent to escalating tensions between the U.S. and the U.S.S.R. in this period.
Ah, Castro and his revolution. Do the Cuban Missile Crisis next!
I’ve been doing a lot of research and reading on the Cuban Revolution the past few years. Both my parents fled to the US shortly after the revolution at a young age. This is one of the best summaries - thank you!
Very few summaries emphasize that Castro’s intentions were unknown until he solidified power, a key piece to the story. It’s rarely mentioned that some of the M-26 rebels split off and fought against Castro after he proclaimed he was communist, such as Eloy Menoyo. Two of my great-uncles fought alongside the Castros, Che, Cienfuego, and later joined Menoyo near Santa Clara against Castro. These uncles were imprisoned and endured torture for 10-years.
they deserved it
@@ollieyang4613 Comrade edgelord be edging 😂
@@sdsantos89 your uncle's deserved it
This video can be summarised in one sentence: "You became the very thing you swore to destroy."
great video
Great and outstanding video, the content, infographics, animations and the host. The accuracy is very imparcial. Thank u very much! You should make an Spanish version of these very informative videos, a lot of Cubans are brainwashed and don’t know their real history. As a Cuban my self I found your descriptions very very objective. I love the way you pronounce Che Guevara, as “guevara” de guevon 😂
That picture of Castro without a beard is cursed!
It’s possible can you guys a Cold War video on South Africa that will be interesting
Pls do a episode on indo-pak war of 1971 or also known as Bangladeshi liberation war
Great History! Great Video.
Thank you!
0:00 Camila Cabello's song also titled Havana, should have used that reference as well because it is more related to the general population nowadays.
Cuba an inspiration to all revolutionaries fighting against imperialism, neoliberalism, and capitalism!!
Anyone know where we can get some of the background music?
A good deal of my family was affected by the Cuban Revolution, so I appreciate seeing it covered so well by this channel
Where can I see the video's sources of the video?
Hhy is Beliz missing from your map of Central America?
The movimiento verano actually mean Summer Movement..Verano in Spanish means Summer.
About time we saw an episode on the Cuban Revolution. Very informative and thoroughly researched as always but the Spanish pronunciation sucks lol
The second national front of Escambray was important to bring up.
Just an oversight, but “Verano” is actually summer, not spring.
Can you talk about Brazil's military government?
Please
Why was Belize missing from the map at 4:20?
I went to my daughter's Options Evening on Thursday, and we went to see her History teacher, who was on his stand talking about GCSE History. I was looking at the text books, and saw a photo of Fidel Castro. Now, I'm British, and have only seen photos of Castro during in his later years, so I had to ask if it was Fidel Castro. He said I could buy the text books if I wanted. 🤣 I didn't think saying I could find out all about it on CZcams was a good reply. But that is the truth. No need to buy the book with its slants and leanings. 👍 Some time ago I researched into Che Guevara, but missed out on Fidel Castro. Done my best to rectify that today. Thanks.
I am so hungry that I through Castro was standing in front of a pizza from the thumbnail
Viva la revaluation💯🇨🇺
In a twist of irony, the photo of the fort is not La Cabaña, its Fort Tres Reyes Magos del Morro, La Cabaña appears in the photo on the far right
Also, as part of the arrest of political opponents by Fidel, a movie called Plantados was filmed in 2019. It’s a good movie and I got to see lots of the scenes being filmed
Fidel was a lucky guy, guess history could have turned out a lot different.
The US made over 600 assassination attempts on him.
René Lévesque as a journalist at 8:18
32:00 That´s why the cowboys had to intervene and impose their interests, I mean democracy...
I saw the old casino buildings when we visited Cuba in 2019.
Feature Cold War Episodes
-Indonesia under Suharto
-The Philippines under Ferdinand E. Marcos
-South Korea under Park Chung Hee
-Romania under Nicolae Ceausescu
-Haiti under Duvalier Dynsty
Great ideas, also include dominican republic under trujillo
Think they covered Park (at least his coup) in the SK video.
Nicolae is an interesting dictator, creating a communist version of the handmaid's tale
He said my speech will short and to the point
Can you do a feature episodes about Romania under Nicolae Ceausescu and the Philippines under Ferdinand Marcos and Indonesia under Suharto
Every eastern block country deserves their own feature video.
@lati long I dont see how you got that from what I wrote. What is so special about romania that they can do a video about them but not about other eastern block countries?
@lati long who cares about what right-wing nutjobs think? You need to see it from every aspect, and not make a propaganda piece.
Verano means summer in Spanish, Primavera is Spring.
The sound effects and ambient sounds during the map segments felt distracting. The videos up until now have been much better without them.
Love your content, also fyi Fulgencio is pronounced Ful-hen-sio
27:54 Ah, nothing lasts longer than "temporary measures" if it helps you concentrate more power in your own hands.
Please remain focused on contemporary developments in Cuba. I commend to your attention the book 'CUBA, An American History' authored by Ada Ferrer. As the 20th Century was christened "The American Century", I speculate that the 21st Century will become "The AMERICAs Century".
Just as the Roman Catholic Papacy has aired a public 'examination of conscience', so must the United States renew its advocacy for democracy in the 'New World'. We must seek to please God while simultaneously 'keeping the wheels on'.
💥💥💥
Can you please make a video on William Morgan?
Verano means Summer, not Spring.
Is it me or does 3:38 sound like a transition to a Skillshare ad?
I would've said more about the horrible corruption of the Batista regime and the crime history of its expat population in Miami today.
Verano means Summer, not Spring.
Otherwise, awesome video