How and when was the canon of Scripture established, and by whom?
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- čas přidán 6. 02. 2022
- How did we get 66 books in our Bible? From one of our live events, Stephen Nichols and Steven Lawson discuss how the early church received the divinely inspired books that were handed down to them from the Apostles.
To get real-time answers to your biblical and theological questions, just ask Ligonier. Visit ask.ligonier.org/
I’m glad to see you showing how nuanced this is. It’s not as cut and dry as either side thinks it is.
Where do these categories come from and who has the authority to determine them?
The council of Carthage also affirms the Catholic canon of the Old Testament. Also a council in 393 and a council in 419 affirms the Catholic canon too.
They definitely omitted some information there. They didn’t just recognize the New Testaments in those councils the recognized the Bible as a whole and it’s 73 books not 66 books.
They omitted that part the same as they skipped from reading your comment lol, 😅
Was going to say the same thing. Tobit, Esdras , maccabees etc is affirmed at this council. Yet they’re missing from modern Protestant bibles.
exactly. nothing but twisting of the truth.
They always mysteriously skip over that point lol
Great video
Hey hey
I've read through several Catholic councils, such as the council of Rome, the council of Trent, Vatican I and II, and I didn't find the word "established" anywhere 🤔 Could I know where you found it?
Thanks Pst. Stephen Nicols & Pst. Steven Lawson *4 Answering This Powerful Question on "How Was The Canon of 66 Scriptures Established & By Whom After The Apostles ?" Where I Say That The 66 Books of The Bible Which Is 39 Books In The Old Testament & 27 Books In The New Testament Which Is 66 Books of The Bible Were Established By Our Great Almighty God 4 God's Word Says That Our LORD Gave The Word & Great Were Those Who Accompanied It 4 Scripture Is Given By The Inspiration of God & Is Profitable 4 Doctrine, 4 Correction, 4 Reproof & 4 Inspiration In Righteousness Written In Psalm 68:11 & 2nd Timothy 3:16 4 The 66 Books of The Bible Were Given By Our Great Almighty God* & God Bless Yu Pst. Stephen Nicols, Pst. Steven Lawson & Ligonier Ministries So Very Much 4 I Have Been Blessed.🙏🙏🕊️
The canon of Scripture was established by God. Men discovered which books do and do not belong in it, and made a list of the inspired writings.
Question ? What Reformation Study Bible does everyone like ? Any recommendations ?? I’m looking to buy one .
Is R.C. Sproul the only RSB ?
Get a Legacy Standard Bible.
If your Bible has 66 books, it's missing books. The septuagint bible, the Bible that JESUS AND THE APOSTLES read and reference when writing the new testament, contained the same 46 old testament books found in the catholic Bible. It is not only 39 books.
Later, in 382AD at the council of Rome, the Holy Spirit with catholic church added the 27 and closed the scripture
So the Church can infallibly recognize the canon? Please show us the Luther canon before him until the first century exactly as it is.
Even Luthers German canon was larger than 66 books. It wasnt until the 1800’s before the printers convinced someone to remove some books.
Why did they ignore the contention of the apocrypha?
GOD IS THE ONLY ONE WHO KNOWS EVERYTHING,………..PRAISE HIS PERFECT PRECIOUS HOLY AND WONDERFULL NAME,……. AMEN
God wrote the Bible, and God worked in the hearts of men so that the proper number of books would be preserved in the canon.
@Stephanie Waber It can't be proven beyond a shadow of a doubt, but if one holds the Bible to be inspired of God, as it does teach, then one would certainly expect that God made sure that the proper books were included.
@Stephanie Waber I believe that he was the king of England. That is why the KJV is written in old archaic English, esp. the original.
@Stephanie Waber The Spirit, who is God, guided the men. The apostle Peter explains the process where he wrote,
"... We have also a more sure word of prophecy; whereunto ye do well that ye take heed, as unto a light that shineth in a dark place, until the day dawn, and the day star arise in your hearts. Knowing this first, that no prophecy of the scripture is of any private interpretation. For the prophecy came not in old time by the will of man: but holy men of God spake as they were moved by the Holy Ghost."
If we discovered more of Paul's letters would they be Scripture?
What are your thoughts on reading the lost books of the bible. Should they be discarded just because they were found so much later after the Holy Bible we have now. I read and study from the King James Version. And to me the Holy Bible is alive and I am grateful for my eyes being opened to The Word of God. There was a time in my life when I was alot younger I couldn't read it. I didn't understand. And words and vocabulary would make it even more difficult to read. I found myself frustrated and never got it! But now after I prayed and asked the LORD to open my eyes and ears and HEART to His Holy Word, and He did.
I am not a bible scholar nor am I a theologian. I believe in JESUS CHRIST the son of God.
John 3:16 " for God so loved the world..."
U know the rest.
Thank you!
The present day Bible of 66 books as we see in the king James version is the correct Bible. It is pictured in the tabernacle arrangement of the old testament where the bread intended to feed the priests in the holy of the tabernacle was to be piled in two piles of six, side by side, therefore: six and six. Feed from the two piles of six only.
@@TheGtk444 thank you so much for your reply. And I am humbled and grateful and amazed by the Spirit of God in which this question I had was answered. I appreciate the time you spent. Thank you JESUS for this nugget of Truth.
Well done sir. This is now in my HEART. The seed is planted.
God's will be done.
@@TheGtk444 King James Version. Got it!
@@ralphjason6720
How are you doing with the KJV translation? I was constantly having to look words up and figure out what it meant… I now read a more modern English translation, which I highly recommend.
@@PeaceIsYeshua thank you for your comment and question. All I can say is whatever works for you.
For me I am a KJV if I read anything else, and this is my experience, that I am shortchanging myself if I read any other translation. I tend to follow my HEART and convictions.
I want to read God's word. And stick with the best translation of the Holy Bible.
Modern translations seem to take out of context and mix up the scripture with modern man's terms and ideology and such.
Thank you and you stick to the Bible reading. Only God knows everything. And whatever works for YOU.
Ask and you shall receive. Knock and the door will open. Let the LORD God lead you and guide you through your life's journey here on earth.
Take care of yourself!
🙏
I urge to get an answer regarding Book of Henoch and Jubilee. Are these really books inspired by God or are they are books written out of peoples own mind and idea’s? If they are God’s inspired word, why they aren’t a part of the main bible?
You answered your own question.
If you sit down and genuinely read those books, as well as compare them to Scripture, you can discern that they are not inspired by God. Enoch is beyond reasonable and Jubilee has never been recognized by the church as canonical and inspired by God.
A non-answer.
Is it true that people can speak in tongue?
Aren't _you_ speaking in a tongue? I believe it's called English.
Athanasius' paschal letter was simply a letter sent to his constituents and wasn't meant to be binding on all Christians everywhere
declared to be the word of God by who? and could they have made a mistake?
An official list was created during the Council, and that means the canon was established there. Many other widely circulated “gospels” were written and recognized by others, but they were discarded by the Council and have been excluded ever since. All by a vote of humans! In the end, the Bible presents Western theories of the divine and human existence. It gives hope to millions of people. Other religions have similar documents with their own histories, and all of them seek to answer the question, “Why?” They’re given too much weight when people assign infallibility to them, meaning they declare their version to be the sole source of insight into the divine. Usually it starts with, “The Bible is the word of God because it declares itself to be.” That is circular logic, yet sects within the world’s great religions rely almost entirely on it.
embarrassing they really can not answer the question---how do we know the canon is correct?
A quite insufficient answer, but, at the end of the day, you have to trust God that He wants to communicate with us and that He is an effective communicator.
what is your answer?
@@hondotheology - My answer is too long to put into a 3½ minute sound bite and I haven't time now to write it out. I have errands. Perhaps I will come back later and turn this into a real discussion.
The Bible was written by men. Inspired by God. But we held counsels to determine what books were scripture and not. They did that by comparing between different churches notes on what they taught. The Old Testament canon wasn’t even established by the Jews. They were in disagreement during the time of Jesus.
@@NevetsWC1134 - At the end of the day, it's God's Word. It belongs to Him and it's His credibility that's on the line. He is there every step of the way influencing men's hearts and minds, insuring that what He wants to communicate becomes His Word - no more, no less.
"For we did not follow cleverly devised myths when we made known to you the power and coming of our Lord Jesus Christ, but we were eyewitnesses of his majesty. For when he received honor and glory from God the Father, and the voice was borne to him by the Majestic Glory, “This is my beloved Son,[i] with whom I am well pleased,” we ourselves heard this very voice borne from heaven, for we were with him on the holy mountain. And we have the prophetic word more fully confirmed, to which you will do well to pay attention as to a lamp shining in a dark place, until the day dawns and the morning star rises in your hearts, knowing this first of all, that no prophecy of Scripture comes from someone's own interpretation. For no prophecy was ever produced by the will of man, but men spoke from God as they were carried along by the Holy Spirit."
2 Peter 1.16 - 21 (ESV)
Howdy
A is a scripture because B says so and B is scripture because it says A is scripture. This is a circular argument, which the speaker applied to epistle of Peter's statement to what Paul wrote. Scripture is not self defined. There is no single verse in either Catholic or Protestant's Bibles that inform us the number and which books belong to Scripture. Christians in the first fourth century AD unanimously agree on inspiration of only 38 books of Old Testament and 20 books of New Testament. The status of Esther and deuterocanonical books were disputed and so were seven books of New Testament (2 Peter, 2 & 3 John, James, Jude, Hebrews and Revelation).
I wish I had read your comment before writing a tome of my own. About ten minutes of my life would have been saved.😂
God bless you, my name is Alvaro Ibarra, I live in Guatemala, due to the current crisis in our countries, I had to self-employ myself as a self-employed vendor in neighborhood stores, I sell different products with which I bring a plate of food to my children, I do not have a fixed salary and sales are very low these days, I would like to start a small business selling pizzas on the street with a small oven, or Mexican cakes with a gas griddle but what I earn is not enough for me put together and start one of these small businesses and have a more stable income for my children, that's why I beg if some kind person would give me a little help with the minimum to put together for the iron I would appreciate it with all my heart.
To see all my information celular number press twice the round icon next to God blessings
This is not a question you can answer well in 3 minutes.
I think you can. The Bible is the inspired word of God, written by men. There were councils held that churches compared notes on what they had taught and what was passed down to them. That’s what helped determine canon.
Not sure why these guys use this discussion as an opportunity to bash the Roman Catholic Church? The Roman Catholic Church did not not exist as a separate entity when the the whole church (East and West) recognised the 27 books of the New Testament. There were some odd thoughts about whether The Didache or the Shepherd of Hermas should be included but the early church rejected them. The Old Testament is a bit different as it depends whether the Greek or Hebrew canon is followed.
I trust these guys realise that when the Early Church recognised the Canon of Scripture there were no American Protestants involved!
The man who brought up Carthage 397 brings to light the point that Wheat had to be separated from Chaff. Three minutes is simply not enough time to elaborate. There was a lot of Chaff. In fact, the very first bible, , Marcion's Bible, was nothing but Chaff.
He overlooked the council of Rome 382AD where for the 1st time, the 27 books officially declared
Yep, 66 books in the Bible.
Completely the main thing Catholic apologists don't get. They confuse a bunch of issues like authority with epistemology. The famous White question clears through this: how did a Jew in 50 BC, without an infallible Magisterium, know Isaiah was Scripture?
Hey
Tradition
What Jew in 50 BC?
@@TheNameIsForgettable
Jesus said that by their traditions the Jews made void the Word of God. Jesus definitely didn’t view tradition as infallible.
@@justanotherbaptistjew5659 So then, brothers, stand firm and hold to the traditions that you were taught by us, either by our spoken word or by our letter.
We do need to point out, all denominational-bias considered, Christendom to this day still doesn't agree on the contents of the Bible. So when we ask, "How was the Bible put together?" we need to first ask: which Bible are your referring to? Each denomination erroneously thinks they have the right one
Tradition established the biblical canon under the influence of the Holy Spirit present to this day in the Catholic Church. The Bible cannot be self-defining that does not make sense, someone must have decided about that i.e. the early Church.
Yes, the early church ... ... _under the guidance of the Holy Spirit._
just because it doesn't make sense, doesn't make it false. do you understand everything about God? you cannot possibly unless you are God. don't measure anything by what you understand. your understanding has limits
The early church did not worship Mary and consider her comediatric. That is Bahl worship brought into the church via the Roman Empire. The true church never said "say 10 blessed Mary's ....etc to a priest in a box. Its called The Gospel. We have, through Jesus The Christ, been given direct access to God The Father with THE High Priest Jesus as our Priest. We do not go to confession. We go to Jesus. THAT VEIL HAS BEEN TORN DOWN!!! PRAISE GOD!!!
@@stacystarnes1449 the ole Mary objection. Please listen to and read Catholic apologists first hand. You don’t have to be afraid.
If the church "decided" the canon, that makes the church higher in authority than the Word of God.
What, the reformation study Bible wasn’t directly inspired and handed to us by the angel Gabriel? 🤣
WAY OF HOPE & PEACE John 3:16 For God so loved the world (all people), that he gave his only begotten Son (Jesus Christ), that whosoever believes in him should not perish (condemned to hell), but have everlasting life. John 3:36 He that believes on the Son (Jesus Christ) has everlasting life: and he that believes not the Son shall not see life; but the wrath of God abides on him. John 14:6 Jesus said to him (us), I am the way, the truth, and the life (eternal life): no man comes to the Father, but by me. Eph. 2:8-9 For by Grace (from God) are ye saved through faith; and that not of yourselves: it is the gift of God: Not of works, lest any man should boast. Rom. 3:23 For all have sinned, and come short of the glory of God;
World doesn’t mean all people
@@aletheia8054 The world is the earth. GEN. 1:26-28 And God said, Let us make man in our image, after our likeness: and let them have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over the cattle, and over all the earth, and over every creeping thing that creeps upon the earth. So God created man in his own image, in the image of God created he him; male and female created he them. And God blessed them, and God said to them, Be fruitful, and multiply, and replenish the earth, and subdue it: and have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over every living thing that moves upon the earth. God loves us who are created in his image but we have sinned against him so he sent his Son to provide a way of salvation.
@@kentpaulhamus2158 lol. Yeah the English word does. That’s the problem. People read it in English and that’s what they base their beliefs on. But the Bible wasn’t written in English.
@@aletheia8054 Yes, once we are saved (indwelt by the Holy Spirit) we must study to show ourselves approved a workman that needeth not to be ashamed rightly dividing the Word of truth. If we seek, the Holy Spirit will help us understand God's Word.
@@kentpaulhamus2158 yep. The Greek word is kosmos. It is where we get the word cosmetics. It doesn’t mean earth or all people on earth
Why would God give us a 66 books Bible when it's about the same as 666??? 73 books is more likely: 7 represents perfection and 3 the Holy Trinity 😅
God gives us signs like this and Christians choose to ignore it 😔
God established a Church, not a bible....these calvinists are hilarious because they cannot speak in unity, they hopscotch around their theories, but this time is ending because the current times will force them to go back into history.
There is no real bible until king james commissioned the bible be written in english😂😂😂😂
🤣🤣
I did not listen to this because I know in advance that a Protestant “opinion” of this or any other thing in theology will ALWAYS exist to counter the Teaching of the Catholic Church.
lllliiiittt
These are all Catholic councils. Nicea, Carthage etc. He skirts round where the 66 comes from by focussing on the NT 27. 73 is the canonical number you're looking for. Luther decided on 66, not God. God revealed his sacred scripture (to His Holy Catholic Church) by revelation over hundreds of years. Sola Scriptura, without recognizing tradition and authority, leads to confusion over canonicity. If the Church has no authority to bind or loose, it leads to an 'anything goes' approach to canonicity. If Luther is right, why not Joseph Smith? What about Muhammad and the Quran? Nicea (led by Peter's apostolic successors) defined the canon of 73 by way of the Holy Spirit working through them.
Amen.
Actually Luther didn’t change it to 66. He still kept the 7 but changed them to apacrapa. It wasn’t until the British bible society got rid of them in 1820. But it still took like 70 years for it to be completely removed.
Also good to point out that the septuagint bible, bible that JESUS AND THE APOSTLES read and reference when writing the new testament contained the so called apocrypha books.
If they are good enough to have in Jesus' bible, their good enough for true Christians
Jesus had a Bible? The apostles had a Bible? Christ ascended 200 years before the Septuagint was translated and created and decades before the New testament writings were created. Most of the Apostles were dead when Revelation was written. How would they have had a Bible?
Also, the apocrypha is rejected due to its historical errors and contradiction to scripture, lack of authority, and heretical teachings, such as salvation by works and the heresy of Catholic Indulgences came into history.
Tobit 12:9 - “For alms delivereth from death, and the same is that which purgeth away sins, and maketh to find mercy and life everlasting.”
@@Lastfrontiersoldier nobody said Christ had a Bible. What's your point?
Just because Peter referenced Paul, one should not assume the Apostles were in agreement. Who made Paul an apostle? Perhaps Paul was nothing more than a Pharisee in apostle's clothing.
"Who made Paul an apostle?" Um, Jesus Himself did. That's what an apostle was, and why there are none today.
@@DarkMatterBurrito Says who?? Said Paul? Jesus must have forgotten to mention that little detail to the other 11 when they voted to replace Judas.
@@Rey.Nasido Luke tells us this in Acts, as confirmed by the other Apostles and God Himself as it is in His holy scriptures.
@@ELxcaballo82 Paul's companion? When did Jesus bestow that authority on Luke? Rev 2:2 Acts 1:12-26
@@Rey.Nasido I'm not sure what you are getting at, other than, to you, God slipped up and made a mistake.