EUROPEAN RAILWAYS: Two Centuries of Existence in 15 Minutes!
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- čas přidán 22. 08. 2024
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- Railways will soon end two centuries of existence. Since its beginnings, the railway system of Europe has gone through different stages of development: from sudden EXPANSION and widespread use, through the periods of NATIONALIZATION of private railway companies and STAGNATION and accumulation of debts, to a long-lasting DECLINE which required radical measures and REFORM.
This video summarizes two centuries of existence and development of European railways, specially in regards to the relation between the Governments and railway companies. It is structured in such a way as to help you understand why European railways had to be reformed and restructured in previous decades.
Also it provides an insight how and why the European railway system is organized today, including the aspects such as the LIBERALIZATION of railway market, the UNBUNDLING of Infrastructure managers and Railways undertakings, the concept of Interoperability of the railway systems, the Single European Transport Market and mechanisms such as PSO Contracts and Track Access Charges.
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Btw track access charge is the biggest killer of night trains in western Europe (and an obstacle towards the introduction of high-speed night trains). Remove it (for fairness compared to buses and for the environment) and they will be competitive again.
Excellent video.
Why you thinks so? You know, track access charges is mechanism for market regulation and has role as highway toll. Railway passenger transport is not profitable, so if governments do not want to subsidy this kind of passenger service it will not be provided. So, reason why night trains do not exist is because there is no support from the government.
@@miroslavprokic2464 It is a fact that access charges of this level are too much for most of passenger operators and lines, given they are not profitable. It is also a fact that, for example, if operators don't have to pay that amount, the same amount will be payed anyways - by the government - as an increase in subsidy provided to Infrastructure manager. Both ways lead to the same "jar", and that "jar" always somehow lacks money. :)
@@miroslavprokic2464 Well, of course the money for maintenance has to come from somewhere, I just do not think it should be from the night trains, that will always suffer with prices per km at the same rate as city commuting trains.
Citing from a study:
" The major obstacle for VLDNT is track access charges, which
are by far the largest cost driver for the proposed service. These infrastructure
charges would amount to more than 50% of the total cost on many of the routes
studied."
www.wirsindanderswo.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Download-Dateien/study_night_trains_2.0.pdf
@@RailwaysExplained I do not agree with you. If we are talking in the context of night trains, then we are talking about international trains. The financing of international trains is more difficult to regulate because it is necessary to accurately distribute the financing in a "fair" way and not for one country to pay more than another. It is true that the track access charge is one of the biggest cost drivers for passenger trains, but night trains only makes sense if the transport revenues from them can cover the costs of organizing train traffic without government involvement in its financing and also, governments need to accept to compensate a total costs of track access charges to infrastructure managers.
@@miroslavprokic2464 Talking about night trains does not by definition mean international trains. I know Germany (or is it Austria?) has quite the night network, not all of which is international, and then look at my own country, you've got the Night Riviera and the Caledonian Sleeper!
the best thing about europe is that you can go through many countries in a relatively short space of time and its thanks to the railways it helped developed the continent over the past two centuries .i wonder what the future holds seeing as railways could make a comeback as people find more sustainable ways to travel in this 21st century
"liberalization is good" ? "state is bad and inefficient" ? I can see how erasing market borders may ease the money funneling to the big rail bosses wherever they may be from originaly, but I don't see how it would permit every citizen to have a better and reliable rail transportation system.
Example: Since its privatisation of England's rail system (Tatcher said it too far) have produced two consequences
1: Big already profitable lines would now give its' money to the private sector.
2: Small regional lines that where needing a national input (a compensation from the profitable ones) are now either shut down of relient on even higher bureaucratic/technical maze that spends more public funding that was originally needed if it was run by the state. And the promise of high quality remains to be kept
Well, liberalisation in the European case is more about allowing private companies and other state railways to use your Tracks against a track using fee. So you can't shut out other railway operators to keep your monopoly on those tracks. The German Railway Company DB is one of the Railways that was semi privatised and suffered a dip in quality, but most other European countries still have their State Railways. Because of track liberalisation, the ÖBB (Austrian State Railways) can now provide profitable Night Train routes through Germany after the German Railways abandoned all of their own Night Train lines because they couldn't be bothered renovating their old sleeper cars.
Now you can sit at most central European major rail station and see apart from the local Train operator many trains from private companies and foreign state railways drive through it. Track liberalisation let to more competition and cooperation and many times one company can pick up the slack of a another company.
Having said that I'd like to underline that many European countries still operate Government run National Railways that operate many local and rural lines that would be considered too unprofitable by private run companies.
This was a really good video thanks saved me 2 weeks at school
We're glad we helped you.
you should do a video on the old TEE and the discusions of starting a new TEE highspeed rail!!! Recently EU (or some of the countries) are banning all flights below a certian milage, witch should help in making passanger rail more profitable.
I love your videos! Would love to see you talk about newer rail projects, such as the Honolulu rail, comparing costs to other projects, unique problems to the rails, and etc.
Anyways, thank you for the videos!
In France, in the 19th century the government was already heavily implicated in the planning of railways. The most ambitious plan being the Freycinet Plan from 1878 that was put in place to build railway lines in less populated rural areas.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freycinet_Plan
Well, this research and work is another level. Great! 👏👏👏
Thank you!
Excellent video. Thank you for creating this historical video. You present the story and details very clearly. Thanks!
Glad you enjoyed it!
gotta love the Japan Railways jingle in the intro screen!
Great content !!! Is there any white paper on the future of the railways in Europe you can recommend ?
We will definitely cover that aspect in the future on our channel!
Good video
Could you please make one regarding the current situation of the Interoperability target in Europe (TSI 2022 forthcoming version, FRMCS ....)?
Thanks
Kind regards
so capitalists get the profitable lines while we get the non-profitable ones... seems legit
@@basilmagnanimous7011 yawn don't care not interested
Underrated video
yay trains!!
Excellent EXCELLENT video!
Thanks 🙂
Very interesting content :)
Thanks
In my country, the railroads started as a state-owned business.
*Well! Most of them!...*
ok before i continue watching, "[it] will soon mark 2 centuries of existence". It is not incorrect, but you make it sound grim when you use the word "end" instead of "mark"! haha
1:59 That's in Leeds where I live😃😃😃
JR east platform jingle is copyright free?
1:01 Gambir Station
Perfect video
Thank you!
0:56 🇮🇪
Voies Ferroviaires Européennes ? vous ne parlez que de la grande Bretagne, les autres pays sembles ignorés !
overall destruction of RY by world war bombing and overuse didn’t help either
But despite this reform, railways still failed to increase their market share. So was it really the way to go ?
We would say that main prerequisite for such improvement was the upgrade of railway infrastructure, which was/is in poor condition in most of Europe. There has been several investment cycles so far, but much more is still needed. Those are significant amounts of money! That's why the TEN-T network was formed, among other. Anyway, these kinds of investments are a long run, we shall see will it bring the improvement. In addition, there are strategies to move significant amounts of freight from roads to rail in near future in the context of environmental concerns, which will definitely contribute to railways recovery. But one more time, it takes time.
@@RailwaysExplained like in china
Are there any free market loving train lovers?