The True Nature of Matter and Mass | Space Time | PBS Digital Studios
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- čas přidán 5. 01. 2016
- Are matter, mass, and time real?
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We know that mass is energy… but what is energy? And where did matter and time even come from? Matt begins to dive into these intricate topics by first examining what inertial mass is, how it relates to gravitational mass, and what it all means for mass as a fundamental property.
The Speed of Light is NOT About Light
• The Speed of Light is ...
The Real Meaning of E=mc²
• The Real Meaning of E=mc²
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COMMENTS:
Caleb Limb
• The Higgs Mechanism Ex...
Felix Feist
• The Higgs Mechanism Ex...
deathbypowerpoint
• The Higgs Mechanism Ex...
______________________
FURTHER READING:
Inertial Mass
www.physlink.com/Education/Ask...
Equivalence Principle
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equival...
______________________
Written and hosted by Matt O’Dowd
Made by Kornhaber Brown (www.kornhaberbrown.com)
I don't understand 90% of these videos, but I watch every single one to boost their viewership so that they'll make more programming like this for people who do.
InternetReviewerGuy you belong in r/wholesomen
Don't feel bad. I understand about half of the content on average. This one though was quite easy to follow.
It's a bit like learning German only by listening to people conversing in German. Initially you won't understand a things but given some time you'll pick up on the meaning of certain words and soon enough you'll build your own sentences.
InternetReviewerGuy no a little tip if you don't mind if you don't try so hard you understand better I found that psychological trick
Your sacrifice is making the world a better place.
I am a (first-year) PhD student in theoretical particle physics, and I learned something new watching this video. In fact, I basically had a 'Holy crap it all makes sense now!' moment.
I am lucky to be learning physics in a time when there is such high quality content as this available at my fingertips.
lnhostetler Something that is left out that I’m still struggling with is, why does [Confined Energy] = [Space Curvature] ?
Is that something that is still not understood?
@@davidgladden8016 It's been a while since I've watched this video, but it sounds like confined energy is just another name for mass (i.e. the mass-energy equivalence), and from general relativity, we know that mass causes spacetime to curve. Hence, confined energy causes spacetime curvature.
Imagine if Einstein had all the tools we have now. We'd be time traveling by now.
"Mass is an emergent property of the interactions of massless particles", wow. I'm just an amateur physics nerd but everything up to and including that quote was so incredibly well explained and visualized (although I had to watch it at 50% speed to keep up and not lose track because ADHD etc lol). One of the best physics channels on youtube, honestly. This is why I love physics, challenging the very universe itself to find answers to the things we take for granted, asking "but why" to every phenomenon until an answer is found, and there's no way to avoid dipping one's toes into existential philosophy at the same time.
Read Tom Van Flanderns explanation of gravity. (Dark matter, missing planets) It brought a lot of clarity to my cluttered mind about the origins of gravity, and how it creates matter, and explains many things that have been heretofore simply explained wrong.
I completely agree…I love this description of physics.
And ADHD is interesting, for mine I have to watch faster because I keep zoning out if my brain isn’t engaged fully, and my processing of information is super fast
M-1/2Ω- ÷0.9=0
What if matter was only observations of organized energy that we can sense ??
Thank you for your service
THIS ONE EPISODE should be given an Emmy. This is a masterpiece.
But he uses a neutron as an example and calls it a proton...
I always have to watch SpaceTime vids a couple of times to get everything, but this time i think i will have to watch it even more than two, LOL.
+ComandanteJ I always have to watch them a couple of times to get some of it... but yes, this was a real mind bender :D
+ComandanteJ Started watching, restarted part of the way through. Did something for awhile. Watched it again. I don't think I'm done watching it yet. PBS Space Time, you are the channel for me. I mean that from the bottom of my screaming brain. :)
+ComandanteJ I just watch first 3 second and email them about all errors that they made :) Then i go lecture on university of everything where i'm chancellor.
+ComandanteJ imagine for me, I don't even understand english as good as most of you. :(
adagioforstrings007 Hehe, well, i learned english thanks to videogames, music, and mostly, the internet, so if you keep watching vids you'll develop a very good english level, eventually.
This channel is one of the only places I know of where I can visit the comments and not worry about any trolling or saltiness, and actually learn something. Wish I could subscribe more than once!
leavy Trolls are naturally repelled by intelligent content.
Sorry. Over the years - many trolls have come in here.
The only thing I could think to retort is how you're obviously too stupid to understand what a troll does.
How's that?
What if there was a show about sodium chloride? Then it would be salty. 😀
@@shirleymason7697 "Trolling" has lost its meaning with the emergence of the hyper-populated internet brought about by the emergence of smartphone ubiquity in society.
Trolling, as a concept, used to mean something akin to bullying using wit. You'd lure someone into an argument, then play this person into making a fool of themselves, continuously arguing with you without realizing that you were playing them like a fiddle. It was an act of intellectual & rhetorical dominance of another with the express purpose of embarrassing them in front of a virtual crowd. Nowadays its instead attributed to people acting like morons. It's quite sad. Trolling used to be a art.
SPOILER ALERT
Mindblown. Mass and time are emergent properties of massless, timeless particles and fields bumping around, resisting acceleration.
I k r🙄🙄
This universe is a puzzle, wrapped in an enigma, covered in Christmas wrappings. What a present. Learning about all this, how a universe made up of bound energy works and acts like a collection of physical objects, is fascinating. But then I have to wonder, why are we so bad about treating each other good? Why is it so easy to hate other people rather than like them?
Well, that requires some spirit stuff, from philosophy and theology. Science can't even handle a conscience yet. Oh well, now to wonder if the Higgs field is actually a d-brane, or evidence of one...
You should have begun with "Spoiler Alert!"
Makes sense.
To where?, I wonder.
I am so glad that this channel exists. I clicked on a flat-earth video, and I just needed some actual science to cool my temper.
We wouldn't want your higgs field to collapse, right?^^
Nice.
Prepare for CZcams to suggest tons of Flat Earth related things
Nahh, flat-earth-guys are way more intelligent than these......
@@bernardodc9631 zactly. They are all Legends in Their Own Minds....
I cheered when I saw the notification of a new video from SpaceTime!
i too....
+Isaiah Banta -- this time, i mistook it for a new fraiser cain video... man was i happy to see a space time video :-)
(which doesn't mean I don't like his videos too, in a strangely autistic way)
+Isaiah Banta Got the give the people what they want!
+Isaiah Banta Haha same, I've been checking for a new video for ages
+Isaiah Banta hehe +1
When we talk about physics on this level, the word "mass" isn't really used because it's more of a classical measurement. I mean, it's really "rest energy." That might be where some of the confusion comes from regarding the Higgs field. Anyway, I'm glad you're doing this series of videos. QFT has bothered me for a long time, but I'm realizing now that's only because it wasn't explained to me properly.
Can energy be really be at rest or its held in captivity by other interaction fields...
Nirmal sundhar
It's not energy at rest. It's energy that something like an electron would have even if it was at rest. It's about the matter, not the energy.
Hey there #thescienceasylum! You've got a great channel! Nice seeing you here!
stabadab
Glad you like it! This is great channel too. I follow it closely, but I don't always comment.
+The Science Asylum I had the same problem. The "simple" explanations of the Higgs mechanism as giving mass like you give a birthday present seemed to contradict the Einsteinian view of mass. However once you realize that it's just an interaction then it makes sense.
This is the first time I've started to actually understand where mass comes from and why photons are massless. Thanks for this video!
Well he said he'll describe it later , he didn't explain how any massless particle have frozen clocks
@@thegod2291 That's a special relativity thing. According to SR, the more an object moves in space, the less it moves in time and vice versa. Since C is the maximum speed possible, the only way for an object to travel at that speed is for it to not travel in time AT ALL. Fermilab's video on why it's impossible to travel at the speed of light does a really good job explaining this in detail.
@@Lucky10279 No i watched his other video later , thanks man
I think this is one of your best videos I've watched so far. The analogy of the mirrored box is such a beautiful and intuitive way of explaining how mass arises from energy/massless particles.
I swear... my mind gets so blown every time I watch one of these. Amazing!
now THIS is the type of content I love from this channel! Absolutely mind blowing stuff, guys. Great job!
Four years later and this still blows my mind
These videos have helped me grapple with conceptualizing Physics on a whole different level.
This is arguably the best physics channel on CZcams. I love how the explanations aren't drastically oversimplified. Keep em comin' PBS!
This science channel is best of all that i saw, better than kurzgesagt, scishow, minutearth and everything else, the explanations are so straight that even me who is more to biology and IT can understand it clearly. Thanks for it :P
+HomelessGaming YUP! agreed. I think I like this even more than VSauce, and that's saying a lot
Those are all great channels, but this is great physics at a high level, which is so much rarer.
+HomelessGaming You are wrong
i like this channel, but i do suggest u check out the organic chemistry tutor
This is one of my favorite episodes for how mindblowing it is. What a revelation.
I'm a lawyer and addicted to this videos. And asking question: "What I'm doing with my life?".
You are not alone. I have a degree in Electrical Engineering that I was never able to fully utilize and I ask myself that very same question.
Lawyers ruin lives.
Also a lawyer, also wonder what on earth I have done with myself and why do I have a philosophy degree
You're Learning
I find it hard to believe you are a lawyer and started a sentence with “And.”
Always love to see new uploads :) Damn those graphics are sexy...
+SpacePak by Mike Ridolfi Damn the content is sexy ;)
I agree!! Last time I typed sexy here some people came for me jaja one fella accused me of liking our host. Can't a lady love her science & enjoy the sexyness of it all 😁 all kidding aside, I'm here because I live with a 16 yr old science and math maniac-- I thank the universe for PBS Space time every night!
Claudia Ramos Girl like science... whooohooo!!! grrr... nothing says sexy as a woman that love science... please don't say you like Star Trek! because that would that would blow my... head off!
+theRealRindberg jajaja, Season 1, Episode 4, "naked time" I'm not the ultimate fan, but that episode makes me lol every time. 2016 started the marathon in between work, reading etc “Live long, and prosper.” ✌🏼️
Claudia Ramos I always go back and forth between Star Wars and Star Trek. But I think we can all agree that the new ST movies have, quite frankly, sucked.
I've been a school teacher for 5 years and I can say: bloody hell you are good!
If 99% of the mass of a proton comes from quarks and gluons, what contribute to the remaining mass?
And do quarks and gluons have their mass "generated" by other energies?
apparently it is just energy inside atoms
again idk but thats what i heard from i thin this or anouther channel
The remaining 1% of the mass comes from quarks. A proton has mass mainly because of quark-gluon interactions (strong interaction). Quark itself has mass because of quark-higgs boson interactions.
The other 1% of mass is acquired through interactions of the quarks with the higgs field. This channel did another video explaining the higgs field which is quite useful.
I just heard people on NPR complaining that public shows like Sesame Street are moving to cable networks and will cut out people who can't afford it. "What are people who rely on free public television supposed to do?" I say, go to youtube. This is by far the best science show broadcast I've seen to date. The questions are enticing, and the explanations speak to many audiences. And, the best of all is that anyone can access it. Thanks Space Time.
There have been points in my life where I have seen something that opens up an area of knowledge to me or changes my view of the universe. This is now one of them.
At 5:01 shouldnt the quark composition of a proton be 2 ups and 1 down?
+Roderick Wassenaar Yes indeed, what they showed was a neutron, which given the talk about protons was a bit off :)
+Roderick Wassenaar It absolutely is. The good thing is that in this conversation it doesn't matter; pun intended.
I frantically had to find this video again; I forgot it was a PBS Space Time segment. This video is truly well done! Incredible. It should get an award.
This episode is SO much better than the other one associated with it on the Mass playlist. This was presented so well and was so easy to understand that watching that other video isn't even necessary. This narrator is SO MUCH BETTER than the previous guy they had, and the content of this channel has improved markedly since that other guy left. Well done.
This is by far my favorite channel on youtube. I can't thank the folks who put this together enough. I love how science is being used to understand the very nature of our reality. The only question I can really think of at this time is how does the measuring of our reality (collapse of the waveform) effect this conversation? Assuming most, if not all of this, would be observed reality but how does the schrodinger's cat "principle" play into all this?
Brilliant video. I've never heard mass explained like this before.
That's not the usual video on CZcams... Great job! Really answered a lot of questions that no one could so far... And the best part is that now I have new questions, just amazing.
Wow, that was THE most informative clip I've watched in years. Several key concepts finally clicked into place.
If everything creates gravity (that slows down time) and the early universe was smaller so things were closer together to create bigger gravitational fields, were the clocks of the early universe running slower? And if so, how was it possible for the universe to expand so quicly or even bank in the first place?
+PvPig Creations The universe was very dense at early stages, however it was also very, very smooth, which means the gravitational force produced by all of that matter pulled in all directions equally. There was very little net gravitational pull in any one direction, and so spacetime was flat, not curved. Without a strong gravitational field, clocks ran at a normal rate.
+PBS Space Time Ensemble ( ensemble studios)also the name of the company that made my favourite video game. halo wars.
+PvPig Creations I think I had a very similar question earlier today. Here is a nice answer I was able to find:
medium.com/starts-with-a-bang/ask-ethan-50-why-didnt-the-universe-become-a-black-hole-f4da68466e21
+PvPig Creations There are some theories that suggest that we are actually living inside a black hole, and that all of the black holes that have appeared inside our universe are actually themselves their own container universes.
+Nishant Tatar Mass gives time, if Dark Matter is real but alternative matter, then it must interfere with time.
+PBS Space Time is the best science show in the English language. I would know, I've watch every space and particle physics documentary I can find on youtube, netflix, amazon video, history channel, and national geographic.
So happy to hear these questions being answered, and with excellent clarity. I've posed some of them to myself many times and had insufficient smarts to answer myself of find an answer. Thanks!!
This is so by far the best video on physics I've seen so far...
As someone who programs games trying to wrap their head around this stuff, it sounds just like how I'd handle a huge simulation with a lot of interacting components. If I have a simulation with a bunch of particles interacting, it runs slower when there are more interactions to resolve. Though in reality it seems the temporal effects are localised in a way you wouldn't get in a computer simulation. It's almost like mass, gravity, time - they are all just reality lag?
;)
I've heard something like this before. When combined with the holographic principle, it's no wonder some believe our universe is a simulation.
+Sophie Houlden But you can stuff an awesome amount of photons into a laser beam and there's no mass effect or time slowing.
But best stop poking around now, if you crash the universe God will be very upset.
+Sophie Houlden But you can stuff an awesome amount of photons into a laser beam and there's no mass effect or time slowing.
But best stop poking around now, if you crash the universe God will be very upset.
+Sophie Houlden LOL
dude your videos are mind boggling.. amazing work.. kudos !
I go through each of these videos at least 2-3 times. They really changed everything I learnt about physics in high school...
I love these shows. They aren't scared to break into some equations and explain them a bit. Thank you!
I really like your videos! As astronomer (PhD), these videos really helps me to visualize and simplify physics and it helps.
Thanks!
Geezles, I love this channel soo0000oo much - keep up the great work! :)
Wow. I revisited this episode after some time (and watching a lot of other episodes, I'm a super fan) and everything made perfect sense! This is amazing!
This video is brilliant. Watched it two nights ago and it made things clear to me that I never understood before. Thanks Matt and crew!
By now I've watched a ton of your vids, and I don't mean that I've never been mind blowed before with them, but this one left me 100% speechless.
Love Physics, love PBS.
I learn more from these videos then I did in any physics class.
Re watching these before later episodes really helps, it makes much more sense the second time!
A most EXCELLENT tutorial, and in just 10:47. PBS Space Time, you do a wonderful job and service. The Q&A was also excellent.....THANKS
"I've been saying this forever" - the universe
But look. In the box of photons, the acceleration you exert in the box transfers energy to the photons in the form of acceleration. But how can you transfer extra speed for photons which are massless, and thus, already in the speed of causality??
+Victor Hugo
From an onlookers perspective, I believe that the extra energy would be seen as shorter wavelengths of the photons.
Came to ask the exact same question. So the answer seems to be that the "pushing" end of the box is "imparting momentum to the photons" (as stated in the video) which increases their wavelength and in effect pushes them to a higher energy state, even though their velocity never changes? Can an equivalent statement be made about the far end of the box having an opposite effect somehow?
+Andrew Plummer _'... "imparting momentum to the photons"... which increases their wavelength ...'_
Decreases their wavelength. The energy of a photon is proportional to the frequency, or proportional to the reciprocal of the wavelength.
+Michael Sommers If the expansion of the universe red-shifts all the photons, does it reduce their energy? Where does that energy go? Is it Dark Energy?
+Victor Hugo I think he said the box transfers momentum. maybe a transfer of momentum is different from that of speed.
This was the best I could find on CZcams. Thank you Dr. Mat
This is one of the best explanations of mass I've ever heard!
Dr. Matt- thank you for everything you and your associates do for us always wanting more answers of science. I’m a doctor of pharmacy that ponders about all fields of science, especially astrophysics. I’ve been educated through physics that gravity is simply associated with ones mass ie: earth, and the closer one is to that mass, the greater the Fg. Is it fair to say that gravity is actually the sum of quantum (elections, protons) and sub-quantum (quarks, leptons, gluons,etc) masses? Thank you for your time. Dr. Ken
I love how he says quarks. Sounds like Quaks
Dude. This has to be the best video you've made so far. I am only 40% of the way in and I am learning so much.
2 years of painful wondering answered after I found your channel. kudos! This is the best science channel in here.
This is probably my favorite video of PBS Space Time.. I just found it in 2020. After 4 years of Electric Engineering, physics and mathematics, I'm shocked and pleasantly surprised to learn that mass is an emergent property. Great stuff! I love this channel!
I'm keeping a pause from studying from applied physics to watch this.
...
+PauLtus B I think you mean you decided to accelerate your studying
+PauLtus B Time well spent, I´d say. Even though it´s challenging, I think it still counts as recreational time that gives you fresh energy for the things you *have* to learn.
I saw the massless box analogy at a lecture. Nice to see it being used here as it’s easier to visualize than the concept beneath it.
This is the best episode by space-time, period.
1:39-1:41 "massless box with mirror walls"...I guess from here on it becomes confusing right??
We become confused when we don't pay attention.
I thought I was paying attention, but right there with you Faceless. How can a box be massless? Without mass how can you have a box?
@@enviromental2565 You can't.
This a thought experiment used to explain a concept. If shouldn't be taken literally.
Enviro Mental And how do you ”accelerate” a massless box. Massless objects are constrained to move at a constant velocity - the velocity of light.
@@dougforkes563 but before that... how can a massless box exist? would it be made of some kind of massless matter?
Wouldn't the compressed spring react differently if you pushed it from the side? If so, does that make its mass a vector?
+Joshua Hillerup A spring acts differently when you press it from the side, but a compressed spring acts differently from an uncompressed one when pushed from the side, again it's harder to make it move. This can be seen if you have a slinky A slinky lying on its side (Uncompressed) can be made to move with the tap of a finger. One standing up (Compressed) will move much less when poked the same amount.
+Joshua Hillerup Yeah, I wonder the same thing. Seems like the spring would have more mass, but only in the direction of compression?
Simon Preutz
Springs aren't perfectly rigid, when you press on a spring from the 'side' it must bend before it moves. To bend requires compression as well.
Does the compression wave move faster for an already compressed spring? Would that imply a greater force needed for pushing on the side as well as on the end?
Alex Knauth
It does. In very compressed materials such as neutronium it nears light speed.
It was more entertaining than I expected. i was about to stop the video at "can't travel faster than the speed of light", but then it became interesting. Thumbs up for showing me another way to look at matter/time.
I cannot thank you enough. The box metaphor is perfect. The veil was lifted. I really should donate.
Can we get an explanation of how "The Force" works?
+omegadan Midichlorians.
Try:meditation, yoga, tulpa, lung-gom-pa, tummo, science of lucid dreaming, yoga nidra, binaural beats and Tom Campbell Bruce Lipton interview.
~Namaste~
+stlkngyomom Fuck you and your new age shit.
Claudio Ruffo
Is it new age? I can barely figure out what it says. Perhaps it's some automated spambot?
Gareth Dean Yeah. It's new age alright.
It might be a spambot, mainly because new agers don't care about real science so having one in an actual science channel seems odd.
If something is massless, will it always travel at the speed of light? Is it possible for something massless to be standing still, or would that require there be no Higgs fields?
+BryceBryceBaby A massless photon at the event horizon of a black-hole stands still. But then again, it may actually still travel at the speed of light, but time is just frozen.
I've heard of experiments in which light can be slowed down or even stopped due to a medium's refractive index, or something similar. I'm not an expert. Try looking up electromagnetically induced transparency.
+BryceBryceBaby Given our current understanding of physics it should be impossible, in the same way it should be impossible to sit still at two different speeds. (A massless particle standing still has no energy and thus doesn't exist.)
+MaestroRigale That's not making massless particles stand still however. Instead it's a complex phenomena where the electromagnetic fields of atoms interfere with those of photons.
+MaestroRigale
That's somewhat true and even particles can be faster than light in a medium. This happens eg in nuclear power plants and results in super sonic boom like effect called Cherenkov radiation, but that doesn't mean that the light really moves with a speed slower than c, it just means that the light moves with c, but interacts with the medium (is absorbed, emitted etc.,which makes it seem slower, although the photons still move with c.
This is such a great series! I wish I would have had this when I was younger. I was always under the impression that inertia was a force from distant objects in the universe, while that's partially true, I now know inertial mass is an emergent property that arises from "bonds" that hold energy and hence most inertia is produced locally.
I found this presentation and the artworks/diagrams really fascinating. In movement analysis I've been working with how various combinations of weight-space-time create the 8 Efforts, or 8 main movement qualities. Its amazing how this science video actually helped explain the physics of movement! Thanks - very useful.
A compressed spring is heavier than a relaxed one? Is it measurable?
Yes it is! But only using mathematics or extremely sensitive equipment. keep in mind that one joule of energy would only weigh 1/300000^2 = 1.11x10^-17 kilograms.
+Captain thanks for clarifying that, my bs ears were up
Captain Mcderp Is my math too bad or it's the same as 1.11x10^-14 grams?
Bernardo SOUSA I made a typo in the comment. The 300000 is supposed to be 300000000
+Bernardo SOUSA
Your math is correct.
If mass is an emergent property of particle interactions with the Higgs field and the "force" we feel when attracted to a massive object like the earth is an illusion, why is gravity considered one of the Four Fundamental Forces of the Universe? Should it not be considered an emergent property rather than a fundamental force?
+Brandon Hall
In a sense it's a holdover from the Olden Days, and in cases where GR is not necessary gravity does act like a force.
Yes
You might be onto something.
I like to think of gravitation as the interplay between the masses of particles of mattergy and of spacetime, wherein the mass of each one's particle-set is inversely proportional to that of the other's. Or, think of spacetime's particle-forces upon mattergy's as gravitation and mattergy's upon spacetime's as mass.
This series is fantastic! Way to go PBS!!
The thing I find fascinating is that we only get to observe it in 2 dimensions. To be able to see the 3d and 4d plans of this would be amazing!
At 5:00 you're describing a proton, yet a picture shows one Up and two Down quarks. Isn't that a neutron? Or was it an editing mistake?
+MilanDLegendary Editing mistake. Was mean to be two ups.
Natasha Taylor Thanks
just think of it. why is proton "charged"? answer: because it missed quantum of energy that make it ballanced = neutral..
what is this quantum of energy, how big it is? answer: it is an electron! when an electron merges with proton it becomes neutral..
so, if we accept that in the nuclei (proton) ressonate 3 objects (quarks) what is the quantum per each of it that absorbs elecron? it is one third of it right.. then u make these objects ballanced and they stop to radiate waves that intermediate electric atraction.. this split on 2 up and one down = 4/3+(-1/3)=3/3=1 is just another BS to fool us.. how do u immage a 2/3 charge and how do u immagine -1/3 charge? it is such a silly and misleading BS, witout any relation to the reality..
was this guy sent in by an alien race to educate us about the principles of the universe?
We should contact SETI and introduce him to them... the search would be over... :T
He's British, so I guess so.
@@QuantumLeaper25 He's Australian.
@@edwardofgreene My bad. Forgot that. My point still stands.
Yes, but the thing is. We are aliens.
The best explanation I heard so far about this topic !
Best lecture yet. I always had these questions but never knew they had the answers in physics.
About the glass box analogy. If the photons are massless, why does the box experience any pressure at all. Pressure in the classical sense is nothing but a manifestation of electromagnetic interactions. Photon has no electromagnetic interactions with the glass box, so what gives rise to this so called pressure.
thats what i thought as well
sry i still dont understand it. I would expect something with no mass to have no impact at all
I dont suggest anything. I can tell you only what i think is logical.
I still dont understand your argument sry. If you have a video or an articel explaining it further i might get it.
But if momentum=massXvelocity (p=mv), then how do photons have momentum if they're massless?
The equation in relativity is:
E^2 = (m c^2) + (p c)^2
Let m = 0
E = p c
The energy E and the momentum p for anything moving at the speed of light (not just photons) are directly proportional.
p=mv is a classical equation for momentum and it does not work in Relativity (only for particles moving nowhere near the speed of light and light does not meet this requirement).
How does the photon box work if light travels still at the speed of light relative to the wall of the box? And also how would the photon exert a pressure on the box without mass?
The photos box is a concept that could be probably created in a lab. Here, any interaction occurs at v~c (close to the speed of light) and the mass encountered is equivalent mass. Gravitational mass is related to bodies with shells like the atom bound by the electron orbital shell and nuclear shell.
Photons are not completely massless. They have zero rest mass (that's why they are never at rest) but they still have relativistic mass equivalent to whatever energy they have divided by their speed squared
I believe you need to view your question in the light of 4D spacetime, wherein everything moves at c in the time dimension, for objects to move in space they need energy applied to them and energy is mass hence you get momentum. There are many consequences, any movement through space slows movement through time, as space movement 'borrows' from time movement.
This was fantastic, changed my whole perspective!
Brilliant! I am watching all episodes now and I find them so exhilarating.
Every1 : tries to understand him
Me : 7:00 how is he breathing without a spacesuit?
funny GUY........
You are definitely high
this episode took weeks!
+Pravar Parekh
They were on vacation :-)
+Pravar Parekh hi fellow OP fan
+Pravar Parekh Damn holidays, delaying our show like this!!! ;)
I was eagerly awaiting the appearance of a new video.
+Pravar Parekh I could've delivered the lecture myself but I felt it better for him to get the experience.
That was an amazing one, made it easy to think about & understand this framework of our understanding even for a casual watcher not very well versed in the underlying math
Wooow what an AWESOME series ! I learned allot from you guys. Thanks !
Here's a better question: What does "real" even mean?
+Anaru LST Having an existence that is not explained by other real things.
+Anaru LST Something that is objectively measurable, independent of one's mere subjective perception of it (and that it exists before it is measured-- realism).
+djayjp "..it exists before its measured..".. how would you know this?
+. Ckriszeus know what, the measurement or the etymology of the word "real"?
Ted Rastlin for me there cannot be meaningful existence(reality) with out interaction(measurements) so they are not exactly the same but sort of dependent on each other.
This kind of stuff is amazing. You wont find this on Nova.
Mind-blown! Thank you!
These "nature of mass and time" videos were among the first I watched from Space Time and they blew my mind.
The whole idea of the World is easy. Anything could happen to you next. When it happens there it is, and there you are.
It only seems to make sense because you think it does. So therefore you are just like the tiniest or biggest thing - you are there when you are. (nice talking to you i have to sober up goodbye -- i had a nice time) .
why u so angry
indeed
errrrrr
i am mad vic
앙
@ vic
Mind blown, never thought of energy like that before. Now we need analogy for time processses.
Thanks a lot, this is the explanation I was always looking for, it is not blurry anymore
Finally I think I understand mass. Great, excellent video. Thanks and congrats!!!!
Awesome video pal easy to understand even tough things :)
Thank you for making these videos good sir! I really appreciate and enjoy them.
first time here and i ve to say:
this guy is a great speaker and the videos r really well produced.
i subscribed.
One of the best Space Time episodes.
Mad props for the correct usage of “begging the question”
Along with the video explaining how the speed of light is not about light, but about the speed of causality, this is one of the most profound physics videos I have ever seen. I have heard about mass essentially being about binding energy, but this is the first time I've seen it actually explained.
I could absorb only less than 10 percent of the Knowledge this Channel share...but some how I want to watch their every episode.