DART Successor, Fixing Space Debris, Viking Missions Controversy | Q&A 197
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- čas přidán 16. 06. 2024
- If Moon was created with a big collision, where's the crater? Can we fix the space trash problem? Is doing Astronomy just a waste of money that can be better spent elsewhere? What will come after DART? All this and more in this week's Q&A.
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00:00 Start
02:01 [Tatooine] Is Astronomy just a waste of money?
07:17 [Coruscant] How do scientists react to being wrong?
09:25 [Hoth] Where's Theia's crater?
11:22 [Naboo] If no Big Rip, what's left?
14:52 [Kamino] What about returning to the Moon?
17:22 [Bespin] Is life everywhere?
20:34 [Mustafar] Will there be DART successors?
24:23 [Alderaan] How to fix space debris?
28:53 [Dagobah] EHT but in space?
34:26 [Yavin] Dark energy after heat death?
37:29 [Mandalore] Viking missions controversy?
42:39 Outro
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You are free to use my work for any purpose you like, just mention me as the source and link back to this video. - Věda a technologie
I've got a friend who thinks like that about wasting money on space telescopes. He said we should be feeding the poor. I said, do you think they load a bunch of money on the rocket and send it out to space?. I said, the space program employees thousands if not millions of people who use that money to feed their families. It is feeding people.
Ask your friend to choose between aircraft carriers and feeding the poor. Then between space telescopes and aircraft carriers. Then theyve defined their new list of priorities, and you can remind them.
@@frasercain Yes let the poor starve as there obviously not worth it . Its there fault they let us exploit them and sell their despot leaders weapons and tech . Still if i was starving to death i would think yay great astronomy great !. Thats near 2bill people now without access to safe water ! and wait for catastrophic climate change to truly kick in but guess you wont notice as yours eyes be stuck in a scope looking the wrong way . If your Neighbour was starving and you could feed them or buy a telescope ? ....out of sight out of mind , way to go humans ...and the rate of poverty is now increasing as are hungry people .
I struggle to eat enough sometimes and now l also shouldn't have my mind blown by astronomy? Way to pile on the misery.
@@SofaKingShit no , enjoy your astronomy , i do ! , i am mostly on military sites but find any excusing annoying, we can all be hypocrites but got to admit it .
@@SofaKingShit Also you cant `give `your telescope `money to stop someone starving , its impossible , it will get used up by all the middlemen getting it there . the problem is political and the powers that run politics for short term gain for the few
Bespin. The problem with finding signs of life outside the solar system is, That if you look at the region of space where planets have been detected around other stars, we have only been able to do that in a tiny fraction of the milkyway. Even if we don't find life on these planets we can't say there is no life in the galaxy. And next we can't say there is no life in other galaxys. Lack of evidence for life is not the same as evidence for no other life.
🎯🎯🎯! 13.8 Billion Years ago?! VB Asteroid 65 Million ago hitting the Earth!?! So even now, We aren’t even worthy of the phrase ‘ Blink of an eye ‘ , Universe-Travel-Time Scale wise! So OTHER Forms of LIFE ( and probably even relatively Near By distance ) & Intelligence Out-There is still Statistically High! ( Higher than finding any Intelligence on Earth at least ). God Bless. No Reply Necessary. 👴🏼NoBody. Oh!- and as of Other Intelligence finding/ Visiting Us? We probably have already been Quarantined-Universe wide; they all would Worry IF the Insanity Here could be contagious 😂
Recently found your channel and love it. I can't get enough. Thank you
Thanks a lot, welcome aboard.
Great answer to the "why spend money up there" question
Compare NASA'S budget with what candidates spend on hate-filled attack TV commercials, that are forgotten a nanosecond later....
Alderaan: Question - Removing orbital debris is clearly important, but what happens if we deorbit everything? At some point do we destroy the upper atmosphere? Idea - How about fully reusable launch vehicles delivering dozens or hundreds of "cube bots" into trajectories that contain a great amount of debris? Then, like Starlink sats, they could each adjust their orbit to safely rendezvous with target chunks, attach themselves, then "tow" each piece back to a central "location" to be collected by another reusable spacecraft, one capable of atmospheric reentry. Bots would be refueled for another mission, and debris could be recycled or safely disposed of. Not much good for the 1cm debris, but for the larger ones...
Fraser thanks for answering my question, I to am exited that they are going back to the moon. I grew up in the 1960s 70s and watched all the launches with Walter Cronkite. My love of space has never waned.
NASA Technical Memorandum 108522 = Most debris would be easy to clear from ground based lasers at "low cost".
I saw this episode last week but now released again with this week’s episode. Sometimes I think Frasier’ channel exists on a Lagrange time point!
You probably watched the Livestream. The one without the pictures.
The forest moon of Endor was always my favorite as I've actually been there. Funny how it looks just like Northern California.
I thought it looked like Southern Oregon....
@@Svensk7119 Southern Oregon is bone dry.
@@alaskansummertime Okay. There goes that joke, down in flames...
Thanks. One small correction: The easiest way to avoid an asteroid strike is to send out a rocket full of pink paint to crash into it, then erect a cheap, simple SEP field. So there. ;) tavi.
I'm honored Fraser! LOL.
I was attracted to this particular video to learn about advances in Space Junk remediation.
lol .... all you have to do is STOP panicking about it and wait ...... within a few years the vast majority of "space junk" falls back into the earth's atmosphere without any intervention at all.
That simple.
@@Blowfeld20k How many years?
@@johnaweiss
Obviously, it depends on each piece's specific orbit. Objects in very higher orbits can take geological time periods to fall back. But most of the stuff up here is much lower than that.
As Fraser explained, there are not many viable options for practical intervention, we need to prevent more junk being generated, mostly by end of life disposal plans de-orbit and graveyarding.
I can't post links, but look up some reliable sources.
You said we are close to deciding whether we can say positively that there is other life in the Universe, or the negative, that there is no other life in the Universe . Unfortunately, you can never prove a negative.
Thanks for your insights Fraser.
(Kamino) During this Q&A session, you talked about going back to the Moon and all of the individual countries, space agencies and private companies that have an interest in going to space and developing a presence in space. On one hand, I say "go for it" - whatever progress we can make regardless of who is achieving the progress has to be a good thing. One the other hand, we, human beings, have had a common theme throughout human history of "achieving progress" without fully thinking through the impact we are making by that endeavor.
My questions - At what point as we are moving our impact into space, do we need to start thinking about space exploration as an "earthling" endeavor and drop the "American", "Canadian", "Chinese", "Indian", etc., etc., etc. labels? At what point are we better served having space exploration being done by our species instead of by the (ultimately) meaningless earth-bound country/space agency/private company designations?
Thank you very much for another great episode Fraser Cain. (The winning question for me was the one from Mandalore, since I did ask more or less the same in the comment section of your video from two days ago with Dr. Michael Daly.) Great question from Mandalore and thanks for the answer, although all questions and answers are great of course.
Keep up the good work, you're the best ❣
Mandalore. Dear Fraser. Thank you so much for great and interesting show! I love the Hubble- as well as the James Webb telescopes. I bet real money that many are nervous during the launches of space telescopes? In case of a castastrophic launch failure, e.g. the whole rocket blowing up: could the JWST have been rebuilt again in a shortened time, with existing experience and developed techologies? Br from Sweden.
I worked on Web 15 years ago. We had to have a set of spare parts for everything. We did not have to assemble the second set of parts, but some of the custom parts take a year to procure.
Found your channel last week and have been listening to the podcast nonstop. I agree completely with your take on science funding too
I totally understand the whole "thousands of rockets" things but similar to the laser picking off the bits. I really feel like there will eventually be some sort of orbiter that's able to simple launch, collect debri change orbit over and over in groupings to get ones that are at least feasibly in similar orbits. They may be orbiting pretty randomly but especially for the bigger junk we know howbthey got there. Meaning we can extrapolate to where they would be now which definitely makes things much simpler. It doesn't deal with the small debri but at least removing the large pieces limits collisions which are the real fear.
Alderaan
Apparently one quality option to deal with micro debris is to launch icing sugar into orbit. The sugar particles will impact the space junk and lower the orbit enough to bring it down.
On Anton Petrov's channel he reported on a story about how ppl who study earthquakes. Were able to map out a shell like structure distributed midway down the crust around the Earth's core. That might be the leftovers of Thea. Really interesting story.
Love the channel, I was wondering if the plaques on the voyager spacecrafts have a secondary purpose. Since they're made of gold are they providing radiation shielding
to sensitive electronics or instruments?
Not that I know of. They're designed to last a billion years, so some future civilization can find them and learn about us.
I've known about what the heat death of the universe is for a long time and always accepted it no problem, but when you mentioned "the death of all energy" I started to wonder. I thought energy couldn't be destroyed, so what does happen to all that energy?
PS... if you answer my question in a vid, please can I have a Star Trek planet instead of a Star Wars one? Send some love Trek's way!
The orignal idea for satellites was essentially three space stations with lots of antennas on. Manned space stations to provide maintenance to the systems to keep everything running.
As for Dart. Isn't there a chance that the amount of debris that dart blew into space amplified its effect it had and therefore it would have a different effect on a solid piece of rock or metal? I would definitly like to see another Dart mission but now to a solid rock instead of a rubble pile
There are some pretty cool discussions about how to extend a star's life by trillions of years.
Asteroid impactors? "..We just have to make sure we fire enough metal..."
As in 25 old, retired Starships? Each loaded with ballast, traveling in a Space-Train.., striking one after another...
I'm sure there will be a point where each Starship will be deemed unsafe for Mars missions... Classics! Barn-finds! Spaceship graveyards in the desert... (junkyard ready?)
Don't scrap them. Save them for one way trips. Watch the fireworks!
Hi Fraser!
Question:
When a meteorite is found, is it possible to determine its origin whether it is Interstellar or not? If the answer is yes, is it possible to detect its origin if it is intergalactic or not?
if the meteorite came from Mars or the asteroid-belt, it can be determined by isotope/ratios of elements (this way it is even possible to determine the "flight-time" in space until it lands on the surface of the Earth).
Interstellar meteorites may have more differences in isotopes/ratios than found in the solar system naturally. But determining from which star it came is quite impossible (even if they knew the direction it came from, flying in!)
intergalactic or intragalactic origin? if You asked for intergalactic did You really mean "coming from (the vast emptiness, millions of light_years) between galaxies, or was Your question "coming from somewhere in the Milkyway_Galaxy?
#Kamino: honestly, I've been pounding a drum for a decade: Canada is flexible in super specialized fields. Like... Canadarm has literally set the bar for several generations of microgravity manipulators. The CANDU defined basically all heavy water moderated reactor designs worldwide.
Astronuclear development (the use of nuclear power in space) is a unique capability with high leverage that Canada has access to more than anyone (except India, but they've got different budgetary and space specific pressures that prevent them from developing that capability).
Seriously, the first NTP/NPS deployed could EASILY be plastered with a maple leaf on the side! Is honestly kinda be disappointed if it WASN'T!
- Cass from Beyond NERVA
Okay, I'm convinced. We're going to the Moon! 🇨🇦
You should send Adam Quark in his garbage collecting spaceship to clean up the trash in Earth orbits. (That's an idea from a comedy sci-fi TV series.)
Question: Could we make a small scale artificial magnetosphere for a spacecraft to protect the passengers from radiation?
👏👍🎯! Great question! I have seen ( older ) Sci-Fi movies showcasing just that point! Only item/ point I remember has to do with Humans always think LINEAR. Or Forward or Back, whatever. So they question the total efficiency of the Asteroid-Force Shield protecting against Radiation/ Micro-Meteorites since they could come from 360 depresses Xs Pi # of Angles/ Direction/ Speed. “ Probability & Statistics “ would also throw a monkey wrench into that too. God Bless. NRN. 👴🏼NoBody.
Hey Frazer! Could a shadow "travel" faster than the speed of light?
👏👏👏! Maybe say “ Form / Appear “ as fast? IF you’re in your Car going as close to the Spreed of Light, and THEN put your High Beams on- would you see anything 🤦🏽♂️!! God Bless. 👴🏼NoBody. NRN.
Could black holes really be infinitely dense doughnuts instead of points?
It seems to me that neutron stars and everything else we have that is close to becoming a black hole, is already spinning closer and closer to the speed of light. I would guess that as a black hole collapses further that the speed of light becomes the ultimate limit to a black hole.
Since we can't see beyond the event horizon, is there any theoretical work on what is there?
Would this help explain the jets on poles of a black hole?
Could these Infinitely dense black doughnuts grow with more matter/energy? With the mass of the universe could it grow outside the event horizon and become a white hole?
Thanks for any time you spend on this theoretical question. Keeps me up at night!
Here's a question regarding the Fermi Paradox. 1. I have seen that the light of the Sun is only bright enough to be seen for a few hundred light years and 2. I have seen an estimate that intelligent life probably pops up every 2,000 to 4,000 light years on average. If both of those things are true, then perhaps we haven't been visited or contacted, aside from the vast distances involved, because they can't see the light from our sun and if they exist around a sun-like star then we probably can't see them. Right?
Hi Fraser, we know it's noy possible, at this time, to feed and water the World, but it is possible to do more research into ways of relieving the situation.
The question about the DART mission, they should develop a way to use metallic asteroids to intercept NEAs and divert them. Develop some type of engine or solar sail that can be attached.
We haven't found life in an radioactive dusty desert(Mars) and haven't searched yet in the vicinity of the thermal vents on Europa and people are still going "We can't find signs of life out there! We're alone!" Get a grip! after we search the most promising NOT the easiest places in our solar system, ONLY after that can you have a meaningful discussion on life in the universe.
Speaking of Heat Death. The way I understand it, all the fusion will cease when all the stars have fused everything they could and all the black holes have evaporated. But wouldn't that leave the universe with a bunch of dead cores of stars and dead planets floating around? Wouldn't the creatures inhabiting the universe at that point be able to use some sort of propulsion to smash enough matter together and to form new black holes?
A friend of mine taught me that we vote with our dollars every day and that is just as important as voting in the poles. It’s a patch to the logical fallacy that every possible dollar should be spent on any subject.
Hoth was an excellent answer Fraser !
Thanks!
This was the first video of yours I watched, thanks, very much enjoyed it. In relation to your comment about universe dying due to lack of heat\energy, (granted I slept through most of thermodynamics) I thought energy was a constant, how does this relate\equate to your statement about lack of energy?
👏👍🎯! Great Question! I maybe too Philosophical & Old School, but after my eons and Education- I think on: @) Everything tends to seek Balance, eventually, & @) ‘ Good/ Bad ‘, ‘ Life/ Death ‘, so an ‘ ENDING ‘ to balance out the (fact?) ‘ Beginning ‘ - Entropy marching towards the Ending Balance. Energy like TIME is basically a Concept we tag & Category in search or attains some reference in the big game of “Life”!! God Bless. No Reply Necessary. 👴🏼NoBody.
If we DON'T find life in other areas of the solar system, how do you feel about us intentionally seeding it (e.g. injecting thermal vent mircrobes from earth into Europa's oceans.)
I think that if we can definitively prove that the rest of the Solar System is lifeless rock and ice, then we can improve it by seeding it with life. Proving it is the tricky part. :-)
If we had for example three more tons of payload on DART would it have been more effective if it was additional fuel to further accelerate the spacecraft, just a solid chunk of metal or if it had been some kind of explosive?
Yes, great channel thanks. Comment on "is life everywhere?". Unless there is some other mechanism to generate vast quantities of Oxygen, enough to rust a planet (as it did here on Earth), Mars must have had some form of Photosynthesis at some stage. If so, that does rather tip the balance in favour of Panspermia, doesn't it?
The space laser thing reminds me of the movie geostorm..
< HOTH > An interesting question followed by an interesting answer.
So using the same technique as radio in optical frequencies (interferometry) would take in increase in clock accuracy and coordination equivalent of improving quality from 5 9's to 12 9's ?
( Give or take an order of magnitude)
Hi Frazier are you no longer posting a link To the raw stream? 2nd tone I can’t find it. Thanks!!
Oops, fixed.
Thanks!!!!
The picture shows at the pole region a higher density of chung than at the equator, although not many crafts are using a polar orbit.
How comes?
I like to think about feeding the poor and investing in science as in giving humanity a fish and teaching humanity to fish. Figuring out thermodynamics laws led to invention of refrigeration technology which literally feeding people nowadays. But who knew at the time that that particular advance would help to feed people? And the same now - we don't know which subsequent technological advances might happen basing off of technologies which were developed specifically for JWST.
awesome video
Very informative channel. Thank you for being so informational. I suspect when the LARGE solar flares graze us, much of the space debris will be cleared -- tragically ending large swathes of our satellite communications. One could see many lines of communications scrambling for information after these semi-Carrington events. Perhaps these solar fireworks will be the sign announcing the end of an old age? Keep up the good work sir. Your unbiased & accurate information will be highly valuable in the future.💝
Naboo: Is there some reason we don't say that the big bang blasted everything out so fast and hard that we're still moving from it today? Speaking of the BB if Gravity was the first thing that separated and all the matter in the universe was still so close doesn't that mean that due to time dilation the universe was moving imperceptibly slow and anything near the edge of the BB would start moving faster and faster and faster as it was blasted away from everything else? and once everything was far enough apart that time and gravity's effect were weakened would someone within the effects not perceive everything as speeding up?
Question to ponder. What is money? It is humanity’s time. It’s your time, your labor, toil and once gone can never be recovered.
Most of us have to work for this “money” while others can create it out of thin air.
Im pretty sure most people questioning space budgets also agree with the military budget beeing 1000 times higher or more
This idea you speak of for using a laser to disintegrate space debris sounds exactly like the Star Wars defense system from the Reagan era in the 80s. So, it can also be used as a weapon.
Better that than being nerfed by an asteroid.
Hey Fraser, how big are the Lagrange points? How many satellites could they hold? Do you think they will be overrun with space junk in the future like Earth?
I have long seen ablative lasers as the most practical way of removing debris from orbit. Not destroying targets but imparting some energy that can push or slow objects. Able to cover large areas without needing a lot of fuel to manoeuvre against debris. Energy could be sustained by solar panels or a nuclear power source. Not a reactor.
Would be cool to get a 200 km/s kinetic impactor (Parker solar probe-level of velocity) and hit something a bit bigger. Like a 500 meter asteroid and see what the effects are.
Hey Fraser, Quasars are so powerful that they can be observed across the universe. Can a powerful quasar outburst make the host galaxy sterile of any life form, if there is any life on the host galaxy? Thanks
Regarding the cost of space exploration and ohr blue sky science. People forget that very little of the money spent actually ends up in space, most of it goes on the salariers of ALL the people who work for the space agencies, the universities and the thousands of companies and individuals contracted to supply goods and services. This money recirculates in the economy creating more jobs, feeding families, education people and taking people out of poverty. As you say, Fraser, what s wasteful is the cloths we buy, wear once and don't or can't recycle, the exhaust we pump into the air from the gas guzzlers we drive (while making billionaires even richer), the plastic packaging we throw out he windows of those same cars. I hope you get my point, waste is mostly a personal thng which each of us needs to contribute to controling and to promote with our communities and politicians.
I have thought the the safest and most economical method wpuld be to use lasers to vaporize a little bit of the object to create thrust to deorbit the debris from mountain tops.
SpaceX's double landing was a tad foggy but succesfull !
tatooine hands down. hmm, actually coruscant too, they're closely related.
Now that the Big Rip is off the plate, I grow to love the idea Sir Roger Penrose brought into the light of an ever repeating universe. It starts in a singularity and end in one before it starts all over again.
Sorry, but that one was already off the plate. The Idea of dark energy was created because the expansion of the Universe was measured to be speeding up and not slowing as was expected.
@@johnbennett1465 Not sure what you are trying to tell me!? 🤔I suggest the YT video Closer to Truth " Why Did Our Universe Begin?" with Roger Penrose where he communicates his idea I am reffering to.
@@suesun7072 your description exactly matches one of the variations of the big crunch. I just looked up Penrose. I would summarize his idea like this. The Universe gets old, magic math voodoo unrelated to reality happens, we have a new singularity.
While I generally believe that the Universe can be described by math, the reverse (all math describes the Universe) is not even vaguely true.
He assumes several things that straight up contradict current science. For example he requires charged particles (and their charges) to evaporate without cancelling out with the opposite charge.
I have no problem with mathematicians working in their ivory towers exploring all aspects of math. But let people with an actual connection with the real world vet any claims that it represents reality.
@@johnbennett1465 No big crunch at all!? Where did you get that one from? What he describes is that after the last black hole evaporated and with it, all the mass the universe contained. There won't be anything left to measure time nor space. All is left are photons to exist. Pretty boring, but they won't care! His ideas aren't based on some voodoo, but Planck, Einstein and Hawkins. Beside that it feels kind of odd to call Penrose a Prof. for mathematical physics and cosmology who got a Nobel price for Physics a Voodoo master! I really suggest you to watch this amazing interview lecture I mentioned!
@@suesun7072 I am not willing to spend the time to research this to properly debate it with you. I will just leave you with a quote from the wikipedia article on this. "Moreover, all electrons must also decay, or lose their charge and/or mass, and no conventional speculations allow for this." Assuming the article is correct, this puts it in voodoo category as far as I am concerned. Also most theoretical physicists are basically mathematicians. They claim it matches up with reality. Some are correct about this, but many are off in theoretical la-la land.
A Space Laser with a "key" possessed by each space capable nation... ALL of which must be in series, where it cannot be fired without ALL parties agreeing on legitimate targets... It can be done. With an international panel of tenders that oversee every interaction from routine maintenance to firing. Each having Veto authority. Again, it can be done.
Hey Fraser. So I had a question last week about why we see the universe expanding near the speed of light when we look to the deep edges of space but we dont see it locally. Or maybe I am wrong. If I'm not wrong then this expansion at high rates should also be at a point in time that is that is
A long long time ago
You told me to Dm you but I couldn't figure out how. A follow up question to that is about the big bang. That if all mater came from a singular point then shouldn't we see everything moving away from a singular point or maybe there should be a huge void in space which has zero matter ? Similar to a bomb or grenade etc explosion
I think you should mention a good thing to do about space debris is nothing at all. The debris in low Earth orbit will take care of itself, in time. Anything we send into orbit could likely create more debris than it clears.
Space debris is something I’ve always thought about, it’s actually scary. We are obviously not going to slow down anytime soon with objects going into space. So we really need the best engineers to come together so people can safely travel & not have an inevitable tragedy like here on earth with hazardous waste pollution.
It's scary, but it's not existential. It's more like a friction that increases the risks to launches
Might just be a 420 thought, but to me it seems we are using a lot of resources to destroy other potential re-usable resources... I'm with Vic, looking further into the future past my lifetime, would it not make sense to start some sort of recycle system and reuse our 'garbage' to build useful things in space? Similar to what we have done on earth.
@@DTuppFNYes that’s a terrific idea, there’s many ways we can recycle that & create appliances for interior spacecrafts sky’s the limit. However, I meant more so in a scenario if larger than average space debris/junk such as a battery was to collide with a spacecraft transporting humans. Traveling at around 15,700 MPH imagine it caused a cracked window or some other damage. You can see where things can go very wrong. So doing something now to clean up is important in my eyes because we’re going to keep continuing to advance and send more craft up there, resulting in more pollution. Let’s say we do nothing & could potentially sort of trap ourselves in due to the absurd amount. Not to mention compositional chemicals being released into the atmosphere as they burn coming down to Earth.
@@night377 does it not seem even more counter intuitive to burn up 'un-reusable' debris in our already sore atmosphere? 🤷🏼♂️ Maybe there's something I'm missing.
What about pulling it out further into an outer layer of orbit where it can be collected?
0:43 is terrifying because I believe it
Hey Fraser! If everything gets cold and the universe "runs out of juice" due to increasing dark energy presence. Could we harvest the dark energy itself for energy, and push humanity's shelf life a bit further?
Hey Fraser! I'm a little bit confused. On the one hand you say that James webb could even detect pollution from an alien civilization but on the other hand you have said in the past that even if an alien civilization (with the same tech as ours) was as close as Proxima Centauri , we wouldn't be able to detect it at all and that this is still something far from our capabilities. Those two thisngs can't be true at the same time, can they?
It can't directly observe an Earth-sized world orbiting a Sunlike star, but it can detect the atmospheric fingerprint of a planet orbiting in front of a red dwarf star. So, if we're lucky enough that the planet transits in front of the star, JWST could theoretically detect industrial pollutants.
@@frasercain oh alright cool, I get it now. Thanks for explaining that to me!
Keep up with the good work , I love your content! 😊
Heat death is the best option as it's the furthest away, hundreds of billions of years at least, maybe even trillions of years. I can wait that long.
Wasn't JWST supposed to have a star shield? I think I remember that being a part of the plans early on. Maybe I'm wrong but if not, why and when was it scrapped?
Problem with eventual Universe burnout presupposes time had a start and will end. If Expansion is infinite and time, as it now seems, is indeed also infinite, then this burnout should have preceded one popula theory of an endless series of big bangs, this again assuming time is also infinite, I.e., no beginning and no end. Energy also appears to self generate. Even a Universe that has in effect burned out, the moment any inter-seller collision occurs, energy is should be created, which should help in creating sources of new energy, etc. Perhaps this could initiate a Universe in collapse, which would support the theory of infinite singularities, which in turn supports the idea of time being infinite. Just saying…
Gonna open a Tim Horton's on the Moon.
I'm curious about how hard would it be to recycle space debris for reuse on a moon base?
While some will have you believe that near Earth space is filled with debris, it is actually scattered very thinly over an incredibly large area both horizontally and vertically. Finding a needle in a haystack would be far easier than even finding each piece of the debris, since it is like trying to find old tin cans in the forest. The amount of resources to safely capture the debris would be so great that the materials to build a moon base would pale in comparison. Even if we can capture the materials, imagine trying to build a moon base out of a whole pile of old computers from the USSR, France, the UK, the US, Germany, China, Korea, Japan, etc. Developing some space sweepers would be a good idea to clear out old space junk in certain orbital areas that experience very slow orbital decay. But it would be far more effective to require all countries to have de-orbiting capability in all satellites and materials launched into space from now on, and eventually most older systems and debris will fall out of orbit.
What is faster? Sight or light.
DART requires another mission if not a few more of variable masses .. we need to know if adding mass makes more energy transfer or less per kg as more is added
like if its better to send 100 small Dart mass objects or 1 object the mass of 100 darts this is data we need because we dont get second chances when armagedon comes to visit
because of just how wrong our calculations were when it came to the energy transfer we def need to get real data
It’s on the right Fraser !! 😂
Definitely. Scientists like finding out they were wrong. But don't like being left with out the answers. I'm still crunching to figure out this whole unusual "lack of mass"... Which no one has evidence for, other than a visual matrix of calculation sent from another part of the universe. .. Anyways... How does the dart impact discoveries change the way we "understand" planet production in a proto planetary disk or an asteroid field?
alderan: Is there any danger of causing a Destructive Cascade as in the film "Gravity"?
Term is kessler syndrome, and while yes it is a possibility, it's not gonna happen just yet
Naboo - if planets and everything else cools down, will all the mass remaining still not be, e=mc2
You are correct. And besides they wold just give it to the 1% to buy back stocks. LOVE YOUR CHANNEL. LIKE WHEN THEY FIND NEW PLANETS
Thanks a lot!
Spin Launch could let us launch debris-cleaning devices without making extra space debris.
At 26:02 - A drag-chute? In orbit? I know there's a little bit of atmosphere in low earth orbit, but it would have to be a *HUGE* drag chute if it was going to bring down a booster (quite a massive piece of hardware) in less than 10 years! When anything in orbit, at many thousands of MPH, comes into contact with even very thin atmosphere, it generates huge amounts of heat. We have all seen what happens to a spacecraft on re-entry. What is this drag chute going to be made of? Sorry, but I think you should re-think that one. Even so - that's in LOW orbit. In higher orbits, where space junk is just as much of a problem, a drag-chute would not be a viable solution. The booster has to be fired in a direction opposite to its orbit, to slow it down and allow gravity to de-orbit it.
I love your response in Tatooine. Thank you for defending science. That argument that it doesn't hlep the poor is totally bogus. We have more than enough money to do that. Just start taxing the wealthy.
26:40 Satellites should have ability to attach a tracking device to debris it encounters, so future cleanup missions can find it.
How does a satellite "encounter" debris? Everything is moving 28,000 km/h on its own separate trajectory. That's many times faster than a bullet. It would be like being in a warzone and trying to attach tracking devices to bullets whizzing past you.
@@frasercain I bet this can be solved. Just spitballing -- the satellite could match speed and trajectory of the debris, not perfectly but close. Then the tracking device would be designed to also match speed and trajectory of the debris.
Another idea is to splatter a large area with a trackable liquid substance that would stick to any debris it encounters.
You'd still need to pay the propellant costs to catch up with each piece of junk, either on the main spacecraft or the tracking device. So you're looking at a separate rocket launch for each piece of debris you try to catch.
@@frasercain Maybe! But i believe this can be solved without a separate rocket launch for every piece of space debris.
That's why it'll probably be a laser that can zap debris creating a tiny bit of thrust.
PS- There is a DUST Sci-Fi short CGI movie- think it was even titled “ Telescope “ I think too- that Mused & Plot was Viewing BACK through Time, or at least Capture a View Moment from ‘ the Past “. Sure in the Old Nebula -Awards Collection there are handfuls on this Topic. Nothing New Under the Sun! God Bless.
Since gravity will still exist in the heat death of the universe, won't plenets still have gravity relative to black holes? Plus motion relative to each other. Would the heat death be once every peice of mass is no longer moving toward another (such that collisions could not happen), or when all mass is converted to electromagnetic energy?
Yes, if you can imagine useful energy, then it's not the heat death yet.
@@frasercain So the heat death would never happen then- we would only approach heat death as energy events become more and more rare, right? That is, wouldn't it happen at time infinity, or how can we find out if it will happen in a large but finite amount of time?
Sure, it'll never be zero, but practically there could be one usable watt in a region that's billions of light-years across.
I know several people that think scientists are just making things up. Just for the record, they are the douchiest people I've ever had the displeasure to meet and are that way towards people that know more than them. They think everything is easy and was like this from the beginning. Just my personal experience.
Wooo I’m finally early for once
The answer in the Tatooine-coded question really hit the nail in the head. The US government spends more money than many countries are able to spend in total on equipment designed to kill people and destroy infrastructure, and scientific endeavors are where some people wanna cut money from? If you cut the military budget to what it was in 2013 (adjusted for inflation), you'd free up a 100 billion dollars, which is more than four NASAs, and sounds like a number made up by a kindergartener to impress their friends with how rich their dad is. And they'd still be the biggest by a wide margin, just a little less bloated (still bloated though). Not to mention the government actually does put a lot of money into healthcare, but comparing the results with some other countries that spend less, they aren't using it very efficiently. If you reworked how it does healthcare and kept the amount spent the same, the US could easily shoot up to the top of the list of best places to be for healthcare.
But of course, that would be socialism according to some people so they can't do it. Taking care of your population is socialism, unless you hate science, in which case feeding the poor is good, but only if the money comes from scientific pursuits that are relatively small compared to the money spent elsewhere and don't actually have the money needed to feed the poor.
And don't forget that a lot of satellites are aimed at earth, solving problems on earth, like monitoring the climate, or providing GPS. And looking elsewhere can solve and prevent problems here. Advance warning on a Carrington event or a dangerous impactor could help us avoid the worst effects, just to give the most obvious examples.
At 32:45 - can we receive data from the L3 Legrange point? Would communication with that point not have to come through the sun?
Not only could you send it to one of the other lagrange points, but you can route through literally any other satellite
@@Daltem I wasn't asking about one of the other lagrange points - I was asking about communication with L3. I gather the sun would make that a no-no.
If communication was via another satellite, it would have to be one a long way from the earth, so its path to L3 would be well clear of the sun. The synchronous earth orbit is quite far from the earth - but even communication from there would go very close to the sun, so I don't know if it would work. Otherwise it would have to be one in solar orbit, but at a good angular displacement from the earth - for example, as you say, L4 or L5, but an Internet search did not turn up any spacecraft at those locations, let alone communications spacecraft. So if we wanted to use L3, we would have to launch a craft to one of those locations - in which case, would there be any advantage over simply placing the research craft at L4 / L5? It seems L3 is never likely to be used - especially as it is unstable, where L4 & L5 are stable.
@@Daltem "literally any other satellite"?! I don't think so. If you look at a 10" globe of the earth, most satellites are orbiting at a distance of the thickness of a couple of sheets of paper from its surface. That doesn't put them in the path of L3, missing the sun!
@@DownhillAllTheWay I assumed we talking in the long term not what was physically possible with our current infrastructure
If its with our current infrastructure, no we cannot recieve information from the L3 point, cos there's nothing there to send information
Now, if we're assuming we've sent something to L3, then we would need to also send something else to route the L3 satellites messages around the sun
(which is what I meant by "literally any other satellite")
You could also implement this with a couple of satellites that are in a much closer solar orbit
(which we would have for several scientific or power collecting purposes)
@@Daltem According to Google, "The adverb *literally* means "actually," and we use it when we want others to know we're serious, not exaggerating or being metaphorical." - but OK, I accept that it is frequently mis-used word.
Actually, I can't imagine a good purpose for any craft at the L3 point, because a) it's in a non-communicable place, and b) it's an unstable point, requiring constant correction to keep anything there. The L2 and L4 points are stable - place a craft there, and it will stay there. Is there any research that could be done at L3 that could not be done t L2? Of course, the fact that I can't imagine it is no proof that some essential use of L3 would not eventually crop up. Can you think of anything, nomatter how tenuous?
How are they going to find the samples to return?
Perseverance is carrying a bunch with it. Then it'll drop them overboard and remember the location.
Personally, I feel an importance in spending a bit on things like james webb because it is important for us to see and realize how small and insignificant we are in the overall scheme of things. We as a species need a reminder like this to keep our ego and arrogance in check whereby we might not destroy ourselves ?????
8:06 yes they love to find it but then they love even more to not do anything about it that would fix further mistakes and prevent people from making similar ones or simply correct what is wrong in all literature and life in general. This can sound harsh and exaggerated but is it? Analyse the words cloud, observation, flow, .......... used all over the place in 7 million ways except in the way those words are ment to be used and their meaning is explained and well understood.
The LR test was tested THOUSANDS of times on Earth with zero mess ups. I'm sure it worked on Mars.
Madalore was my favorite
About Tatooine: The camera sensor chips in people's phones have initially been developed for astronomy. With WEBB technology to have mechanics working at 50°K have been perfected. Could be found next in the MRI at your hospital. Who knows.
About Mustafar: DART is a measurement series of one point. There needs to be a followup for confirming the findings.
About Alderaan: humanity will of course chose the expensive version. Especially newcomers to the space race will be careless. Sorry to be so pessimistic. I guess I watch too closely our handling of the climate issue or pandemic.
If a 500kg probe colliding with an asteroid causes the change that DART did, doesn't it therefore show that a big honking nuklear explosion indeed would actually work?
Tatooine
I read those comments too and get accused, no better word for it, that I care more about "stupid stuff in space" more than feeding the hungry down here on Earth and for a long time I really didn't have a rebuttal. But almost two decades ago I thought about it and came up with this response that I used with other people in comments so I'll just cut and paste it here:
Can the money being spent on space be used down here on Earth ? Well of course. But tons of money is already being spent down here on Earth... on rockets and missiles and bullets to kill people in wars of aggression for resources and markets. Why not appropriately question why way more money is spent on that instead ?
This research into Starship and SpaceX and Blue Origin may have the side effect of allowing the rich an exclusive playground in space, but primarily it is about reducing launch costs while increasing reliability and safety in Earth orbit. And what is the use of that ? Well what is the use of a baby ? You don't know if in several decades it's going to end up being Ghandi or Hitler. You don't know exactly what the future of current research and development will bring.
Space science has enabled humans to put the entire Earth under surveillance for weather and climate purposes. Literally MILLIONS of people have been saved because through weather satellites we have the ability to detect storms before they become hurricanes and cyclones far far earlier than we were able to 60 years ago giving time to prepare and possibly evacuate costal areas. We are able to monitor the temperature of the planet and the oceans to far far higher accuracy, far far more detail and in real time than we were able to 60 years ago helping us understand civilization ending climate change. Digital imaging technology designed for the Hubble Space Telescope was refined to help detect and map cancer masses in mammograms .
Research, engineering and testing space technology in space, making that commonplace will enable the human race to do something if a planet killer asteroid is on it's way, not just watch it come, but to go to it and try to deflect it. That could wipe out not only civilization but possibly most life here on Earth.