Opium Wars: Great Britain vs China - Animated History
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- čas přidán 8. 10. 2020
- Opium Wars: two armed conflicts waged between the Qing and Western countries, namely Britain.
In the 18th century, through the Canton System, China enjoyed a favorable trade balance with Great Britain: exporting porcelain, silk, and tea in exchange for silver. This trade, on the contrary, was not balanced on the side of Britain, as millions of pounds of silver were flowing out of the British Empire and into China, forcing it to seek ways to counter-trade, and then they did: Opium. With the cultivation of opium in British territories in Bengal expanded, Britain started exporting opium from British-controlled India to China.
Opium had been used for medicinal purposes in China for centuries; however, by the early 19th century, the recreational use of opium skyrocketed, followed by an addiction crisis and serious social and economic disruption in China. Under these circumstances, a ban on both the production and the importation of opium was attempted, and smoking opium was outlawed. However, these actions could not halt the opium trade.
By 1836, the Chinese government implemented more serious measures: opium dens were closed and many Chinese dealers were executed. On top of that, on June 3rd 1839, 1,300 metric tons of illegal opium seized from British traders were destroyed at Humen under the aegis of Lin Zexu. The British government was extremely insulted by Lin’s action, and took it as a sign of hostility.
In July, some drunken British sailors brutally murdered a Chinese man, but were not sentenced under the Chinese extradition. In response to this reprehensible incident, Lin halted the British food supply and ordered the Portuguese to expel all British from Macau, forcing them to move to a barren island off the coast (present-day Hong Kong). Taken together, these actions raised the tensions between two sides, and in November 1839, Chinese warships clashed with British merchantmen on the Pearl River estuary in Hong Kong, leading to the outbreak of the First Opium War.
In early 1840, the British government decided to use military force against the Chinese. Their first hostile action was sending warships and merchantmen to Hong Kong, and then proceeding up the Pearl River estuary to Canton. Within the next year, the British forces with its naval and gunnery power inflicted a series of decisive defeats on the Chinese Empire.
After months of negotiations and fighting, in late August, 1942, the British managed to capture Nanking, putting an end to the war with the Treaty of Nanking. The treaty forced China to cede Hong Kong Island to Britain, pay an indemnity of twenty-one million dollars to Britain, and opened five treaty ports at Shanghai, Canton, Ningpo, Fuzhou, and Amoy to British merchants. The supplementary Treaty of the Bogue in 1843 gave ‘most favoured nation status’ to the British Empire and added provisions for British extraterritoriality.
The Second Opium War resulted from the failure of the Nanking Treaty to satisfy British goals of improved trade and diplomatic relations. In early October 1856, some Chinese marines in Canton seized a British-operated cargo ship Arrow, arresting several Chinese crew members. This incident gave the British the excuse they had been waiting for to use military forces against China once again. But this time, Britain had French support as the murder of a French missionary in China forced France to side with the British.
In early 1858, having already captured Canton, French-British forces headed to Tianjin. Once arriving at Tianjin, a treaty was once again proposed, and unsurprisingly, for the Chinese, it included even more unequal treaties than the last one. The Treaty of Tianjin included the opening of 10 more Chinese ports to foreign trade, permission for foreign legations in Beijing and Christian missionary activity and the legalization of the opium trade.
The humiliating defeat of the Qing army by a relatively small British-French military force was a shocking blow to the once powerful and prosperous Qing Empire. The Opium Wars not only provided convincing evidence of weakened China but also made a further contribution to this weakening. And most importantly, the conflicts were believed to contribute to the ending of the Qing dynasty and also China’s 5,000-year imperial dynastic system, and the beginning of what is now referred to in China as the “Century of Humiliation”.
#china #history #animation
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That time when the Queen was a druglord.
Absolutely..
No wonder its called a druglord, its a person who works under the Queen of the BRITISH EMPIRE 🇬🇧🇬🇧🇬🇧🇬🇧
@@raynierjob8488 Do druglords personally sell the drugs to the users? Nope. "Those persons" were under the Queen's order to get the chinese people high in order to exploit them.
A drug cartel is a better description.
Technically it was the publicly owned British East India Company that began the opium trade and the British parliament that decided to enforce it militarily. I don't think that the British Monarch still had much governance over foreign trade at that time.
hello fellow world history students
yup
hi
I’m not studying world history. I just think the history of drugs is interesting
@@jackwillis680 breaking bad
gcse geography
1840: Opium Wars
2030: Copium Wars
More like 2020 : West gets karma with the fentanyl Wars .
@@Madmaxxxx1984 So when is the Chinese government going to get Karma for allowing the trade in the 1st place and being perfectly okay with it, until the balance of payments started favouring Britain.You people have no clue about anything,you cannot do basic critical reasoning and assume things like this, e.g. "Karma", which make no sense whatsoever
(Copium Wars of 2030 destroyed all… laid waste to the land and uprooted any sense of peace among the people… but hope is the great motivator.)
2080: Hopium
Britain: We want your tea! Please accept our opium!
China: bans opium
Britain: Why did you ban!
China: we want silver, gold .
What is not clear about that
@@BarnoRenfro only silver. And they banned drugs cus it's bad. Which was enough for invasion and rape
Look at US right now. Street full of drugs and crackheads. Then you will know why the Chinese hated opium so much.
China: now is time to repay…the Poms and the Yanks 😂😮😅
In colonial Hong Kong, the Opium Wars were taught in school as The First and Second Anglo Chinese War and the emphases were placed on trade deficit and the stubbornness of the Qing government not dancing to the tune of the British. Opium? What opium? Hush hush.
That's not an entirely unfair portrayal of the Opium wars. At least the first. The British government wasn't really interested in going to war over the opium trade, one which contrary to what this video might indicate they did not involve themselves in. The reason they did go to war after the actions of Lin Zexu in Canton was not because they wanted to preserve the opium trade, but because of the actions of the British superintendent in Canton which might have made the British government liable to pay compensation to the opium smugglers for the confiscated opium. Not wanting to foot this bill they instead wanted to have the Qing pay for it. There is a reason that after winning the war that the British didn't even press for the legalisation of opium in the subsequent treaty.
Don't forget the Americans were in this also. They rerouted opium from Turkey and made a fortune. Lots of east coast universities such as Yale was funded by opium money
That's good to know.
Now america is in trouble 150 years later. Too much war fought by the american
There was so such thing as Turkey at the time. It was Ottoman Empire
@@EliasRoy geographically speaking
Your whataboutism is showing, it was mainly the British & French spearheading the opium wars. No need to deflect m8
Great animation, narration, and reliable information'! Thanks for sharing!
Great animation. I like your style to explain this history fact.
Good explanation and video editing. Keep it up
Made notes for my exam using this video ...... you explained everything so clearly!
This is so perfect! Using it in my class tomorrow!
Here beacuse school
Hey! At around 3:45 you mentioned Treaty of Nanking in 1942, just to clarify the correct date is August 29, 1842. Cheers, thanks for the great video!
Just looked it up, you are correct.
I thought it was the Treaty of Nanjing? Not Nanking?
@@miniwolfii17 I think its the same thing. i searched up Treaty of Nanking and it came up as Nanjing
@@skilledyoshi8457 Ah, okay, thanks!
I was so confused but now it makes sense haha
It's funny to see these kind of video to cover all the pain of Chinese by some simple words, no justice, no guilt, no condemn.
Okay, just enjoy the Fentanyl everyday, eye for eye, tooth for tooth, blood for blood, it's time to repay. LOL
Fentyle is legal medical drug. American teens purchase them without being forced
At 1:40 British India map is entirely wrong.
British India made up India, Pakistan, Bangladesh.
Chinese map is also entirely wrong, there’s no Tannu Tuva, Outer Manchuria/Dungaria. And it extend way too west
@@tye3630 weird for a youtube channel with "map" in the name ("Benlal" ! :)
nah its right the sikh empire hadnt been conquered at this point which is west india is not on the map
Thanks for the Info.
Dude! The effort you put in here is going far too unnoticed! Keep it up!
Lies again? American Education Black Ops
the holocaust inflicted on china by british drug lords was one of the darkest chapters in world history.
@@siamcharm7904 STOP LYING, THATS NOT THE HISTORY LOL. ITS A ANTI BRITISH NARRATIVE, GO READ HISTORICAL BOOKS , WHOIS PUSHING FENTANYL NOW CHINA IS, AND KILLING IN ONE YEAR MORE THAN IN THE ENTIRE OPIUM HISTORY OF CHINA. ILLEGALLY, OPIUM BACK THEN WAS TRADED IN ALL COUNTRIES CHINESE SMOKED IT FIRST IN PIPES, CENTURIES BEFORE BRITISH, ARABS TRADED IT, AND STARTED PLANTS IN INDIA THEN TRADED WITH CHINA. IT WAS BANNED BECAUSE ONLY EMPERORS WERE ALLOWED TO USE IT. GO TO SCHOOL AND STOP SPREADING ANTI WHITE HATE LIES. LIKE A NATION IS THAT WEAK A SHIP CAN FORCE THEM ALL ON TO OPIUM LOL, YOU WERE DOING IT FIRST BUT WHY YOU GET ADDICTED, NO OTHER COUNTRY DID AND WE ALL HAD OPIUM TRADED, WE DIDNT ABUSE IT,
Thankyou for the notes
Great video, you are very underrated!
The AUDACITY ?!! Declaring a War on somebody because they want to stop OPIUM addiction in THEIR country ? . Then doing it TWICE.
“The audacity” lol it was literally the world back then not 1 culture today is innocent
omg !! thank you soo much. i read it in a book for about an hour and i could't understand it.
Could I ask what the name of the book was?
I lived in Ghazipur in the 1950s and 60s where world's largest Opium and Alkaloids factory..established by the British in 1815...it was a big source of opium.
good video, but could have gone into how the KMT after they lost the civil war went on to become the largest drugpushers you have never heard of: the golden triangle
with support of the CIA
teacher reccomended your vid for the long test good work
Thank you
Nice video dude
Thanks for the visit
It's the first time I hear Canton pronounced like Princeton for the second half 'ton'. In Hong Kong it was always Can-ton with ton rhyming with 'on'. The British merchants continued to sell opium in Hong Kong after it colonized it for many years.
He also says China *used to* call itself the middle kingdom, but it actually still calls itself that. 中国 is Chinese for China, with 中 meaning middle and 国 meaning kingdom/country
@@mli3083 Possibly the term carries different implications or meanings in ancient times when China controlled or had strong influence on surrounding smaller kindoms compared to modern times.
The British company that sold opium Jardine Matheson still trades in Hong Kong today and has turned to a giant company trading in other areas. Some of the streets in the busy shopping district in Causeway Bay are named after Jardine, Matheson and Yee Wo (as Jardine company is now called locally). The company is no longer held by Jardine family but the Keswick family and registered abroad. Belilios, chairman of HSBC, is said to have traded opium in Hong Kong towards the end of the 19th century and founded the Belilios Girls School which still exists today. He built a large villa called The Eyrie with a garden and pavillion right on top of the peak.
@@cmtwei9605These druglords have not prosecuted yet.
That's why the comeback of China is really impressive!
No. Was bill Clinton lol
Funny how back then tbey were the good guys
@@B727X power blurs people’s eyes of right from wrong
Wow thats a Great Observation its like a. boxer Badly Beat up and out of Nowhere Pulls himself up Learning From you Mistakes!!!
@@dariomendoza1518 true
very interesting substance
destroy lonely reference
I think this is an amazing video, b what happened to Great Britain at 4:18?
Britain conquered by india in a parallel universe
What software did you use to edit this?
Nice.
HEY! Why is the Outer Manchuria in the video no longer within the territory of the Qing Dynasty? Clearly, it still belonged to the Qing Dynasty at that time
Because certain people behind these videos are trying to rewrite certain historical aspects.
It is
good video
It’s sad how 中国 is so bullied by western countries still today……
tell me about how sad it is for those countries that are bullied by 中国 now
@@CarlosAsunder When you compare what the Brits did versus what China is doing now, you'll get a huge contrasting difference.
@@CarlosAsunder what China is doing to Africa today is merely nothing compared to what Americans do to Middle East and France to Africa still today
@@archiemochi The Brits back then, also did one hell of a lot of good in the world, e.g., forcibly ending the slave trade amongst all countries and policing all of the seas, for nearly a century,, despite blanket opposition from all other nations, except eventually France and the USA. There was more than one use for steam powered gunboats to enforce a very positive thing of the world, just like a very negative thing was done in this example
@@guillaumeprince7332hahhah everybody come to look this judge of the universe hahahha 😂how idiot you say that
Unfortunately, I watched the Extra history video right before this, so I am forces to ask why the assets for the ships and a few other details are the E x a c t S a m e ?
I do gotta add, good work cramming all of the opium wars in 6 minutes, and if the ship assets were taken, most of it isn't, so kudoes.
Bro think he carti
yo, this was published on my bday
4:17 Is that India 🇮🇳 over 🇬🇧 UK?
sadly yes😭😭
Proudly yes 🙂😈
@@dreaming1703 😁
lol
For every great fortune, there is a Great Crime. Inhumane
America would run the same play 100 years later in its own inner cities
Well done and thanks --- to emphasize a little ... not to mention that the Brits at the time were really into tea from China. So they used what is now India to grow drugs to ship to the Chinese, whether they wanted them or not. They might have made more money if they had grown tea in India? My guess is that they, at the time, were out for colonies. Have we seen anything like that before or since, how about just the other day? More of the same.
Wich programme have you used??
Here just cos I wanna learn
I thought the 5 ports are actually Shenzhen, Xiamen, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Hainan
At 3:42 I believe you meant to say 1842 and not 1942.
if look could kill baby im the fashion demon
Opium! Opium! Opium! Opium! Opium!
"Good poetry, poor clothes, light food, and some tea, I enjoy this blessing!"
- Lin Zexu (freedom fighter)
Showcasing Great Britain Crimes show more please.
Why because you’re scared to see your own countries crimes?
@@Labour-toryAreRapeLovers Well for starters I am not Chinese but Austrian our Crimes are well recorded and discussed and still only a small fractions compared to the Genocides and Crimes committed by little Britain 😉
@@Scrooge1Percenter yet guilty of the same crimes every country your country just had a skill issue and let’s be honest Germany was the one with a good army without Germany your country would’ve been crushed
@@Labour-toryAreRapeLovers Not denying that Austria woiuld have been easy defeated heck they been kicked out by tiny Serbia several times. But lets be clear without France so Germany against the UK the result would be British defeat in WW1
It’s always fun watching this type of video made by foreigners
So the proceeds of crime is ok as long as Europe (and now USA) is benefiting...right up to this day.
Need a new world.
Yes, just remember, hitler wasn't brought down by words.
I don’t think anyone said it’s OK. This video is pretty condemning of the actions GB took…
How are the US benefiting from the proceeds of crime?
Name a country isn’t evil or guilty of the same crimes as Europeans and Americans I’ll wait
Now both Britain and France are freaking scared of China. LOL! 😅😅😅
For a channel having "maps" in its name the use of maps in this video is genuinely messed up
1:40
We're experiencing an inverse version of this at the border currently.
Which is why America needs to understand why China sanctions and encourages it.
My great grandmother left her home in Canotn because of this. I live in CA now.
Ching Chong 😂😑😑 why not go back to ur lovely CCP country
Do you mean Canton (GuangDong) instead?
Amongst the murderous drug dealers. Come to think of it CA has only gotten *more* drug dealers in the meantime.
I love history. It says a lot about our drug epidemic and how it relates to China.
The drug problem has always been European own problem. Europeans/Jews tried to drug Asians years ago. Jews were big opium traders in the 19th and 20th centuries.
4:17 look at India
Fentanyl is their get back. They playing the long game
Whsts the name of the instrumental?
How many parallels can we draw to events right now today from this?! Superior Military Technology will usually win the day. The most corrupt will usually win and profit immensely! And who has the streets overflowing with addicts today?! I guess our number one is a 'Drug Lord'? We loaded the cargo planes in Northern Laos with the Opium Crop bound for refinement in France on the day Nixon proclaimed all out war on heroin dealers in all the major US cities, forgetting to tell us all that as commander in chief of the armed forces he was therefore the number one global heroin dealer! We saw it with our own eyes and laughed our asses off at the absurdity of it all.
bricsi vs g7 i need money..... that opium wars.
I Learned These Terrible Lessons About Drugs in Our Global Civilization!
Brits founded Hong Kong as Colony!
Shanghai!
Britain: YOU WILL TAKE OUR OPIUM
I believe back at that time Beijing 北京 was called Peking 北平
The video is actually right about the term here. The city had been called "北京" since the Ming Dynasty, for it was literally the "Capital in the North." The more formal name was "京师" or "顺天府京师," but "北京" was what people had been using. The name had been carried over during the Qing Dynasty and the early-Republican era until 1928 when the KMT took the city and changed the name to "北平." In 1937, the Japanese invading force captured the city and changed the name back to "北京, which was never recognized by the Republican government of course. So the official name of the city was still "北平" until 1949.
Peking is the old western spelling in the past before Beijing, so it's still 北京. Peking University 北京大學 retains the old spelling.
Hello fellow dragon chasers too!
THE QUEEN OF DO DO ! YEAH !
Professional presentation - ones like this keep me watching the different vids uploaders put up of the same story. A Japan style MEIJI style restoration would save China.
1:57
i need the birish francne gemrany................
El imperio británico: el primer Narco-Estado
British Empire: the OG Narco State
Moral: kung fu is useless in modern world
Is that why you cling so hard on guns?
@@questworldmatrix non sequitur
Informative Indeed, but use Correct map of INDIA.
3:44. 1942??? Uhh 😬
1842
The Manchu led Qing dynasty was one the most brutal, sadistic, and genocidial regime to ever exist in the world
Thank you Britain for regime change
@@herrwolf5184not really. All Chinese dynastic rules last about 200-300 years. Qing was gonna end anyway
In the 18th century, China enjoyed a favorable trade balance with Great Britain: exporting porcelain, silk, and tea in exchange for silver.
This trade, on the contrary, was not balanced on the side of Britain, as millions of pounds of silver were flowing out of the British Empire and into China, forcing it to seek ways to counter-trade, and then they did:
Opium. in the late 18 century the cultivation of opium and British territories and Bengals was expanded and Britain started exporting opium from British controlled India to China by the early 19th century the recreational use of opium skyrocketed followed by an addiction crisis in serious social and economic disruption in China a ban on both the production and the importation of opium was attempted and an 1813 smoking opium was outlawed
Manchurian Opium Squad - Manga
Nanking treaty was 1842 not 1942
4:34
It’s Bengal not Belgal
the british were tough back then
Is a cruel world !!!
I smoked opium a time or two. It gave a very relaxed feeling. Perfect just before going to a dentist.
Yours wasn't deliberately laced to make it strong as crystal meth the way it was for China.
Chemical Warfare?
Bro forgot Nepal even existed at that time bruh
It's like Pablo Escobar winning over the US in a war
Cheto
Don’t you mean, “thirteen of its American Colonies”? After all, the Americas also include Upper and Lower Canada
dude has no idea what he means
The 13 original states were New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia. The 13 original states were the first 13 British colonies.
1:46 dude...its Bengal. Not Belgal.
I experience this crazy thing sometimes where people tell me the USA is evil because of what has happened in the past and we need to be more like European countries. Then I start sharing some history and they get really mad at me.
I guess most people say things like that because of European countries have generally 'grown up' and now having a lot of historical introspection instead of continuing the Imperialistic status quo. The countries of Europe are no longer a super power or global hegemony, so it's much easier to self reflect and go forth with the goal in mind of peaceful coexistence on the global stage, and to improve the lives of citizens instead of grabbing or maintaining land mass. The UK for example, gave up quite a lot of it's runaway empire peacefully without war. European school classes teach the slave trade and about history of racism or gender opportunities. European countries are quick to enact strict standards/regulation/laws against global corporations like tech, whilst USA hesitated because they don't want to clip their large influence on the global stage. Their tech companies and arms industry are global titans.
Historically the USA is probably no less evil than the countries of Europe in the past, or of other countries across the world. But because USA is a superpower still, I feel as perhaps many do, that it won't relinquish that dominance or global hegemony easily. It's cultural identity is so imbedded with problematic ideas, that it feels attacked when the issue around gun violence, national healthcare, or creaking endgame of capitalism arise.
So to sum up my thoughts, I don't think it's necessarily that USA was evil in the past and Europe was not, because that's not the case as you pointed out. I think that's it's more that both were evil, but Europe is currently looking forward whilst USA is perpetually stuck in the past. Instead of pushing Opium, the USA is now stuck pushing democracy, capitalism, and it's idealism whether countries even want it pushed on them or not.
But you're both one empire that is equally evil on the grounds that you all did the same thing. You participated in the refined opium trade, armed hitler, etc and they participated in your many genocides.
@@yaelz6043 Well, you have to give the Phrase with the criticism then, because Europeans are also responsible for Most of what people value in the "Modern" world.For example, the Brits had the 1st modern free structures emancipated entire groups of people, who had 0 power or standard of living before the 1700's, which is when it 1st started. The parliamentary structure and English civil and human rights legislation were adapted in the USA and all over continental Europe and then in all countries with people having a decent standard of living throughout the world now e.g., Australia, Canada, New Zealand, India, Indonesia, South Korea and Japan.The only exception to that right now is China, and we have yet to see how they will fare, having total autocratic structures, but only having industrialised in the last 30 years, whilst they have entire generations of people missing due to their rapidity of moving from agricultural society to an industrial one so quickly.
*Also, there would be no automated or fuel based technology in the world without European Innovations, and particularly from the Brit's who did consultations, in return for money, to transfer the skills to other foreign nationals in the early 1800's
@@Rowlph8888 literally all lies. But let's go over it.
Britain was responsible for most of the world's slavery. Meanwhile the nations you hate, Russia, China and Iran have typically been against it. Especially Russia which literally never had it in all of history.
Britain's industrial revolution and parliamentary system it led to destroyed Europe's standards of living for over a century. They went from eating meat weekly or daily to de facto slavery. And that's just western Europeans. Colonialism just exported out right slavery with several billion dead to European (mostly british) imperialism.
The only time the english world raised standards for anyone was in the few places you mentioned during the cold war. This is now being reversed, you've seen the inflation and collapse in these places.
As for technology it's all Chinese or Slavic, the west simply used gunpowder, electricity and combustion for imperialism. You didn't "consult for money" either, you invaded literally every nation on earth, killed a quarter of the population and pretended that the railways you put up were helping the locals despite the fact that they were used exclusively to move stolen resources.
To;dr you're a psychotic liar who knows nothing and need psychological help.
We are not what our forefathers have done.
Or Roll
Not role
Adevărul doare nu e așa. Asta e doar istorie doar că vouă nu vă pasă. Așa a distrus anglia, Franța, Spania și Portugalia atâtea culturi.
These people became human rights defender these days. So disgusting
Yh and 90% of those cultures was guilty of the same crimes as the US and England so please stop blaming Europe and the US for everything it’s honestly the gayest thing I’ve seen if you can’t take accountability for your cultures crimes while crying about other cultures then you’re practically a hypocrite for example Indians used to burn their widows alive before the British came in
3:44 It is 1842
The day when two countries were in infamy.
You seem to have made quite a few errors with your maps. I note others comments on the inaccuracies of your maps of their home countries. Please note while Ireland was brutally colonized by Britain it is not part of Britain as you have labeled it in your map of Britain.
It was part of the UK tho.
@@maxdavis7722 I see you're struggling with the definition of colonization
@@unchCrunch his map was of the UK which Ireland was absolutely a part of at the time. How does colonialism relate to this? Yes, Ireland was colonised but the map is still accurate.
@@maxdavis7722 His map was labelled Great Britain at 0:09 seconds into the video, hence my comment.
It was merchant family Sassoons research their ethnicity
Westminister gov would only talk of “coffers”…never of what was in them
why is india where britain is at 4:18 lol
Big people