The Raptor That Made Us Rethink Dinosaurs
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- čas přidán 19. 06. 2024
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In 1964, a paleontologist named John Ostrom unearthed some fascinating fossils from the mudstone of Montana. Its discovery set the stage for what’s known today as the Dinosaur Renaissance, a total re-thinking of what we thought we knew about dinosaurs.
Thanks as always to Studio 252mya for their wonderful paleoart. You can check out more of their work at 252mya.com
Produced in collaboration with PBS Digital Studios: / pbsdigitalstudios
Super special thanks to the following Patreon patrons for helping make Eons possible:
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References: docs.google.com/document/d/10... - Věda a technologie
Scientists: Are you cold or warm blooded?
Dinosaurs: Yes.
Luke warm blooded
But actually no
A
So they’re thermo-fluid?
Dinosaur: my blood is Cool hooman
The terrible lizards were terrible at being lizards. They were so bad at it they quit and decided to be birds instead.
The lizard was the guy that started this comment
And the dinosaurs are gone~
-Well not really, Earth had in the Cretaceous-
Burn Angel not necessarily.
@@somethingwithbungalows And here I thought everyone at the comments got the bill wurtz references.
Are you telling me the dinosaur Renaissance doesn't feature a painting of a Velociraptor Mona Lisa?
I looked up Velociraptor Mona Lisa.
Was not dissapointed!
I just looked it up too. I am so glad that the internet exists
Nah bro it’s raptor Jesus
HAHAHAHA I LOLDDDD i need a life waaaaa
Don't let Velociraptor Kira see it
Being a paleontologist must be so exciting, yet so frustrating. As soon as someone makes a big discovery, everyone has to go back and rethink everything they were so confident in before. What a fascinating subject.
It's like any other history. All history is best guess. As new information is discovered the more we learn. So technically, yes the old teachings were incorrect, but were correct at that point in time based on what we knew. It's not like a corrupt king altering facts to justify himself or to sound greater than life. But even if... That's still a starting point until we learn more 👍👍(using "we" generically, not trying to say I'm a paleontologist. I'm just an occasional hobbyist)
That's what the Scientific Method is all about in general! ^^
The hardest part is always going to be adapting to the new evidence and for people to admit when they're right/wrong. ¯\_(ツ)_/¯
Damnit CZcams, there was an Eons video online for a whole 59 seconds and you didn't tell me!?
Unforgivable
Right! 🤦♂️
Mine didn't tell me for a whole day! 😕
How disrespectful
Could you do a video on the divergence of the mammals? When did marsupials, monotremes and eutherians all evolve?
Thats something I'd love to see
And they'd better make an honorary mention of the amazing _opalised_ monotreme bones from the Cretaceous of Australia...
Christian V-H any mention of Australia is all good by me! 😂
Turns out eutherians and metatherians were more closely related to each than they were related to monotremes.
Long, long ago.
Next already answered question?
Wow. Amazing useage of a limited amount of time. You explained a very complicated topic in less than 10 minutes. Bravo!
The problem inlies if the common CZcamsr understands what is being said. 😂
It is eons. It is to be expected
If you like that kind of content check out kurzgesagt they do a great job as well.
@@ft359 i always feel like Eons give more of a "offical" job at explaining/ teaching than kurstz
This stuff never stops being cool. I feel like an idiot for being so uninterested in the life sciences for so long.
Don't hate on yourself man. We have our own time and path of interest in science.
@@paolopasaol9700 I just feel silly -- for so long, I had an attitude that if it didn't involve calculus and partial differential equations, it wasn't actually science, and I neglected a lot of exciting things. Physics is wonderful, but it's not all that's out there.
J Cortese hey we are all on the same team at the end of the day
I think it says a lot of you having chosen to be more open minded of all knowledge. You're evolving yourself to be more acceptable and adaptable. Give yourself some credit for that :)!
I'm half way in PhD of a life sciences branch, but i still feel stupid when it comes to other areas of life sciences
Life sciences is simply tooooo broad.
One of these days I’m going to write/direct a film with realistic dromaeosauridae, and they’ll be all the more terrifying for it.
Average audience : is that a giant chicken?
Just throw in some terrified humans, possibly time travelers, and it will be awesome
Max C. Klein please, please, please, please, please, please, please do
Blood stained dinosaur feathers would be terrifying.
Why use fear if it can be fascinating?
Scientists: Dinosaurs are all slow and dumb
Deinonychus: I'm about to end this men's whole career
Kynanda R u are right
But even they have a small brain, they can still work its body
*those
No he literally ended his career he was no longer trustworthy
A revolutionary fossil answers so much, but then they also bring up more questions.
That's the beauty of paleontology, there's always more to learn
The fossils only infer the dino bird link .No Dino DNA to test .Also Archaeopteryx may not be the direct ancestor of modern bird because they have discovered another earlier fossil Archaeopteryx is in the incorrect evolutionary order just like " Lucy" new discoveries suggest she may not be the direct ancestor of modern humans but co existed with other apes .it seems evolution is not linear but also unpredictable. It seems most species co existed or didn't evolve went extinct or just variants of species or result of adaptive evolution. In fact there is no real relationship between macro / micro changes no repeatable test or gene / process to explain macro evolution. Many contradictions which may suggest evolution may not happen on a macro level . or cannot happen .or macro cannot occur in today's environment. It seems new data reveal new questions & which ancestor belongs to which species is just educated guesswork ever changing shifting as evolution finds further fossils to replace trad views.in fact it makes you wonder if Richard Owen had a point rather than Darwin coz natural selection can't be the driving force for evolution it is the DNA .Natural selection can only work on pre existing DNA for which some functions occur without natural selection or common ancestor present or no clear ancestor. Or no change is evident ( see pre Cambrian / Cambrian) ppl actually accept this antiquated rubbish based on a contradiction to Darwin's original theory.there's no common ancestor or evidence of natural selection at work in the pre Cambrian/ Cambrian.
M
You are wrong on everything you said. Plain and simple.
Also, you don’t need DNA to prove birds are a subset of dinosaurs, you just need to look at feathered dinosaur fossils, like Zhenyuanlong, Caihong, Anchiornis, Epidexipteryx, Ornithomimus, Yi qi and plenty more.
M
Also. Of course Lucy was not our direct ancestor, and no one claimed it was, but Lucy was definitely a link in our evolution and was probably very closely related to our direct ancestor.
Australopithecus africanus is probably a better candidate to be our direct ancestor, but even then, it’s also incredibly unlikely that it was our direct ancestor.
Deinonychus was always my favorite when I was a kid.
Mine too, beautiful design.
Same, I just thought how it was so cool that their toe could cut flesh. (Now my faves are the Utahraptor and Giganotosaurus)
you guys are boring, therizinosaurus is by far the coolest.
@Greg Williams triceratops was more fierce then t-rex and killed many a t-rex!
Nah, Triceratops is Best, along with Ankylosaurus and Utahraptor.
This video gave me a nice warm feeling inside.
🤣good one, That's endothermy!
don't forget, Jeremy, the warmth was within you the whole time
@@dnielgajdos9 heat or no heat, there is no cold
As my physics teacher loved to say
I feel very special when I spot a fresh PBS eons episode
Benno Lee same
NERD!!!!!!
I feel very special that I gave this comment the 100th like.
"Maboy, Steve!" is getting to be our collective hero.
lol I've noticed that he specifically gets attention when his name is mentioned in the videos at times, so yeah, Steve is kinda turning into this legendary hero of mythical lore from the tomes of Patreon.
More like a meme.
Burn Angel wow way to kill the mood. We love Steve he’s our role model.
Oh gosh I realized it wasn’t clear I was being sarcastic I was oh gosh-
And now he's gone 😭😭
how placentas evolved please upvote if you agree
(it's been a while since they mentioned that idea in a video) and hopefully the video is new enough people will see it
Seconded
Definitely
Yes
Let ask a more general question: a video on the evolution of viviparity (development of the embryo inside the body of the parent). Please upvote if you agree
Hey! I would totally love to see a video like this, but if you're curious, I have a rough understanding. For animals that undergo live birth, fetuses need a steady supply of both nutrients and oxygen to develop. This used to happen by repurposing different tissue types, but after a while, increased tissue recruitment was selected for and, when signaling between the distinct recruited tissues was selected for, eventually the organ evolved.
Probably the most important Palaeontological Discovery... And Teaching us so much about Bird Evolution...
The amount of information presented in these 10 minute videos is fantastic
Of course they were terrible lizards. I'm a terrible lizard.
However, I am a reasonably passable mammal, in the right light...
I'm an absolutely awful arthropod but I totally pass as a cnidarian.
@@SeraphimKnight NERD
Braggart!
@@thekingofvirginia5014 LOL, you ALL CAP the word nerd like it's an insult! That's hilarious! Why do you think we're ON science-based channels, anyway?
Everyday is bicep day for this guy..💪
Are you warm or cold blooded?
Dinosaurs: *Yes, but no, and also yes, maybe both and neither and yes!*
I love the detail and intellectual honesty of this show. It shows us what evidence is available and the likelihood of correctness of the conclusions. This is exactly how science communication should be done. Bravo!
Ah, Deinonychus. The true Jurassic Park raptor.
Not exactly - even _Deinonychus_ was smaller than the JP raptor... A better candidate would've been the _Dakotaraptor_
@@christianv-h3278 True, but Dako wasn't discovered back then. They based the JP Velociraptor on Deinonychus and gave it steroids.
Partly Utah Raptor?
@@martijn9568 _Utahraptor_ was even bigger than the JP raptor... _Dakotaraptor_ is a much better comparative :)
@@christianv-h3278 at least for the body proportional, it was based off deinonychus with bigger size
when you are old enough to remember the Dinosaur Renaissance... it's still great fun to study the developments! Thanks EONS.
Hey Eons! I want to know more about the groups of mammals that evolved isolated in South America. The notoungulates, liptopterns, and all the others seem to always be brushed over in the story of life.
Completely agree. There were some VERY weird mammals down there.
We ate them lol
It’s interesting to think that a single fossil of an animal can change all of paleontology.
I think it's interesting that a whole field of fancy-shmancy scientist types was so wrong for so long.
Then again, they didn't have nearly as much data to work with as we do today. I suppose we're pretty lucky to have access to so much raw knowledge.
Momon Indeed, make one wonder what the next big discovery might be.
The fossil changed nothing. Our ability to analyse it for information has improved vastly, and many of the stupider peek dices still afflicting the ill-educated have been shed by the scientific community, so more accurate re-assessments of already extent data resulted
I truly wish Eons will be a long lasting thing. I love and live for every upload. My inner nerd squeals loudly each time I get a CZcams notification and it makes me so happy.
"Hey. PBS Eons. Come closer."
_whispers_
"I like your channel."
Please make a video about animal fossils that can be found both above and below the KT boundary.
The Host has been working out, damn those muscles are getting epic. Keep it up!
why does he shave his arms though?
Oddish...yes 👍🏽
@@subvertgaming8796 Hand Biker
(Pro cyclists shave their legs to improve aerodynamics ;)
Excellent episode in an excellent series. Totally fascinating.
One thing I remember reading about the "raptor" deinonychus is that in order to use those forward-facing claws on their legs they'd probably have to balance on one leg while slashing with the other leg. Obviously a very dynamic and energy-intensive way to attack prey.
or kick like a kangaroo
I love this channel... the narrators do not put in random jokes between lines... all sentences matter and very informative
Raptor was a amazing creature. I wonder what other beasts were alive then. We only have a small fraction of them, we'll never know.
KayKay2513 Um, the dig site where Deinonychus was uncovered had other animals such as Tenontosaurus and large predators such as Acrocanthosaurus along with Sauropods such as Astrodon I think
Its sad really. The chances of fossilization actually happening is so low that we almost certainly have no inkling of the true species diversity of lost eras
You ask a question you then answer.
Yeesh
Never say never around science!
If we are all in a simulation then we should be able to just hack into and decipher the game files to find out hah
Here is an idea for a video. A longer video explaining how most dinosaurs had feathers, from theropods to raptors and mist likely T. rex. You can present the evidence supporting this and clear up some misconsceptions
I feel great to have my honorable parakeets and feels great how authentic and epic these creatures are but now cute as well
Videos like this make my brain grow.
The beginning of this video made me wish for a video on the History of Paleontology. And even any ancient cultures that may have stumbled upon dinosaur (or any) fossils.
Can you do a video on Dakotaraptor? I would love to know more about it!
Ah yes, one of the most recent dino discoveries, pretty much sealed the idea of feathered raptors
@@DownWithComcast especially microraptor
@@PaleoTheExaminer yep. as well as Yi Qi
You rang?
@@KhanMann66 Omg it's a yi qi I'm flattered
For talking really fast, you enunciate very well. Easy to understand. I love videos like this. I know I'm going to hit the thumbs up before I even watch the video.
Being wrong is what science does best... being an explorer is like that. Settlers not scouts fight over a fence line.
My favorite part of each episode is when he name drops Steve. I’m always like “Steve!!! My man!!!”
Yes I’m easily entertained.
When do you talk about australian megafauna ?!
Eons: Raptor
Me: DROMEASAURID
Me, an intellectual: genus of the family Dromaeosauridae ;)
@@christianv-h3278 Me, a gentleman and a scholar: Genus of the family Dromaeosauridae, which resides in the clade known as Eumaniraptora.
@@An_Actual_Rat Keeping it simple: something in the kingdom Animalia
Nah Theropoda
Me, keeping it real: a really big deuterostome.
Let ask a video on the evolution of viviparity (development of the embryo inside the body of the parents). Please upvote if you agree
this not reddit fam
@@clueless3045 Nice to know. Have you a better idea to make my comment and request more visible?
Eons, I'd like to see a video on the fossilization process. It's apparent my knowledge is at least 30 years out of date.
Woah, it's nice to see a video just after someone uploads! This hasn't even popped up in your videos tab yet, was just recommended to me. Thanks for giving us these videos!
I really wish this show would stay around when i have kids cuz honestly I love you guys and how well you inform people
PBS Eons always makes my day!
Holy crap is this video a tongue twister. The host nails it though, great job!
Could you do a video on bird evolutionary relationships? I just found out today that falcons aren't included in the clade most other birds of prey are in and neither are owls and I'm curious to see how falcons and especially owls evolved to be so different from their close evolutionary relatives.
They did mention some here czcams.com/video/QGR5yOrChMA/video.html
I had no idea there were groupings like this :)
Thanks for not having a title ending in a question mark.
Just because we create boxes doesn't mean things have to fit in them.
well this was amazingly fascinating!!! it's amazing how much (and how quickly) our understanding changes.
fun fact: JP Raptor's are modelled after deinonychus
Deynonichus mixed with Utahraptor and the size was taken out of their buts because uthan is bigger and Deyno was smaller...
I already know that
Been watching regularly for a minute but this one really stood out!! Amazing stuff! keep it up 💯💯
This has quickly become my favorite channel, each video is somehow, impossibly better than the last no matter what order I watch them in. It's a real anomaly lol!
Fan of all your episodes but this one needs more time. Please make a follow up episode cause its very interesting
Thanks alot! Love learning new things.
Definitely reminds me of the episode you guys did on the evolution of dinosaur art. What a sad thing to ever think that dinosaurs were boring and slow.
I always look forward to a new episode of Eons.
Another excellent show. Many thanks!
I love this channel. And look forward to every episode.
Science, "are dinosaur cooled or hot blooded!?"
Also scientist, "Yes"
This is fascinating, thank you.
I wonder if you guys can do the evolution of some known animals? Go through all their known predecessor and how they became the way they are now.
Great episode as usual from PBS eons.
On another note, My man Blake has some serious gains wowzers!
This video is everything I ever knew and was interested in knowing when I was a kid.
Wonderful presenter. Warm, interesting and clear- hope he’s doing well at the moment. All the best from London :)
This is my fav vid thus far ! More please
I think much of the uncertainties here come from two big factors -
One, "dinosaur" is a Massive collective term, for a multitude of loosely related animalia (cows & cats, horses & torstises)
Two - the timeframes are incredibly broad- the beginning of dinosaurs to the end is an incredible swath of Earth's life history - many multiple times what modern animals have directly evolved in.
Both of those facts imply deep complexities to this discussion that made "both" the same certainty that it is today. It's like asking are birds & reptiles warm or cold blooded?
Dinosauria is a very large and diverse geoup, but it is not a an unbrella statement for loosely related animals, we know very well what dinosaurs are and what defines them. Cows are not dinosaurs, cats are not dinosaurs, horses are not dinosaurs, tortoises are not dinosaurs.
And birds are a group of reptiles, so both. There are geoups of reptiles that are ectotherms, mesotherms, and endotherms.
Well, when came to the point that "dinosaur" was adapted and defined by the scientists, it is not a loose term anymore. Back then, it might be that "dinosaur" only means a large extinct reptile but now it means the common ancestor of birds and Triceratops and all of their descendants, and that definition not includes those other large extinct reptiles.
And taxonomy is not just meant to classify based on the temperature of their blood only. Either way, the warm-bloodedness (the existence of heat) obviously came from the cold-bloodedness (the non-existence of heat). So basically, in that analogy, you can say that the birds came from the dinosaurs. And that is the classification we are using in order to be consistent and conclusive.
Classfying animals by their habitat, by their blood temperature, by their morphology, by their ecology, etc. are the actual loose here. The ancestry and phylogenetic relationships are the most important. Afterall, human genealogical relationships are tracked using the tree charts the same as the phylogenetic tree, the same way on how you would track the relationships of organisms.
*Fantastically enlightening.* 🦖
thank you!great video
Demonstrating the detective work required really brings the challenge of the subject to life.
Fascinating! You handle all these complicated questions SO very well, it's never ever boring!
I'm wondering - I believe you already covered the evolution of horses, yes? But can we take a look at the evolution of the "other" hooved critters of the world - goats, deer, and so forth?
these videos are amazing! the 8 year old in me thanks you for feeding his imagination
Love this channel. Keep up the good work
Fun Fact. The velociraptor in Jurassic Park were actually Deinonychus. Spielberg wanted to named them Velociraptor because it sounds dramatic for the movie.
@@JD-el9eo
Oh yeaaaahhh. Thats true.
The mesotherm metabolism of many to most dinosaurs could be one of the reasons mammals were able to survive and thrive in the midst of dinosaurs. If true endothermy evolved in the common ancestors of all mammals rather than independently in specialized lineages like dinosaurs that could have allowed mammals to exploit some niches and environments better than their dinosaur overlords as well as evade them more easily. Mesozoic mammals are completely underrated and overlooked by the public and we need to fix that. Episode on Mesozoic mammals pls!!!
Boy you’re SOOOO wrong.
Your phrasing makes it sound like you believe birds not only aren't dinosaurs but evolved from mammals.
2:32 Wait, when was Iguanodon considered a "duckbill?" I thought it was always considered an ornithopod that was separate from the hadrosaurs. :?
Also, how much influence did Deinonychus have on the reorganization of therapods from the old "Carnosaur=big, Coelursaur=small" designation to the current branches? Was it already in question when Deinonychus was described?
The Iguanadontids are the ancestors of the hadrosaurs.
Bravo even it's complicated we understand it because of your explanation
Obviously the best Eons video yet.
So Prof. Ostrom was Dr. Grant in Jurassic Park, 1993
OK, got it 👌
Hes not the greatest paleontologists he made up to defend darwin claim that dinosaur are birds
PBS Eons : I make an eon calendar.
Me : Shut up and take my money!
I made my own last jear :)
I hope their calendar will include uncertainties of which date and day, as befitting of their channel topics :)
@@lewisirwin5363 i think, anything would be a start
In entomology 101 I learned that honey bees are ectotherms that must work their wings to reach flight temp. But humming birds in the Andies mts must lower their metabolism at night then they also must regain flight temp just like bees. I just don't find these terms to be of much use for describing behavior.
Could there be a video on prehistoric crocodiles? All of them are really cool.
My beloved, I have a tattoo of Deinonychus and everything 😂
Seriously????? Just its head or the whole body?
@@AifDaimon just the skull, but it takes up a decent portion of my thigh! Got an ammonite on my ankle too!
You wot m8
@@AnotherEmily Dayyum
Scienceist:dinosuar are you cold booled or warmblooded .
Dinosuars:yes but actually no .
I almost cried...
this video is that good
Many of the large one were probably gigantotherms.
You don't need specific metabolic adaptations to generate internal heat when it's so hard to lose it in the first place.
I always suspected a paleontologist would change our views on dinosaurs 🤔
Only 'cause all the endocrinologists are so very busy, I'm sure.
Geez, ya think?
This reminds me of when I was in high school, and I asked my Biology teacher how birds are warm-blooded if dinosaurs were cold-blooded. He told me that they developed warm-blood, and needed to in order to have enough energy for flight. I asked if dragons would need to be warm-blooded to fly. He told me they probably would. I asked him if they would resemble birds more than lizards or snakes, and he said he thinks that would make more sense, too. So, my fellow nerds, may I propose the idea of dRaGoNs WiTh FeAtHeRs?
3 years late, but Feathered Dragon (maybe like Kukulkan in Mayan folklore) will be really awesome! Artist needs to draw more dragon like that
Níðhöggr in Norse mythology has feathered wings.
Dinosaurs always were warm-blooded, even crocodiles used to be.
Although only a brief overview of the topic, still provides sufficient detail to arouse genuine interest, leaving us with far more than the trivia nuggets served by SO many other science videos - those which attracts viewers with sensationalism and avoid risking ANY depth of explanation that might cost them viiews. So ... thanks, guys.
Deinonychus always makes me think about the book series Animorphs. This was another really great episode, thanks!
My only wish until I die is for humans to discover how to make a time travel machine.
Why don't you for something possible, hmm?
Like survival?
How does this channel have less than 1 million subs?
Actually, I'm very amazed at how fast this number grew. This channel launched only two years ago!
thanks for sharing this awesome video it sure tight me something i never thought of and by the way i even modeled Deinonychus in blender
Very interesting video. Probably the best yet
I said “Stop” and he kept talking...NO! 🤣
A fluffy T-Rex is more cooler then a scaley mean crock on two legs, dont @ me
I want real life T. Rex’s to actually be gigantic killer chickens😂
I love your videos, educational and entertaining
I would love to be able to travel back in time in order to study them closer. It would be amazing!