RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS pathophysiology شرح بالعربى :الروماتويد باثوفسيولوجي

RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS pathophysiology شرح بالعربى :الروماتويد باثوفسيولوجي
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Link to this lecture as pdf file:
www.mediafire.com/file/znz814...
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Lecture outline
-Synovial joint anatomy
-Definition.
-Pathophysiology
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Self vs Non-self
The immune system has the capacity to distinguish between body cells (‘self’ ) and foreign materials (‘non-self’ )
It will react to the presence of foreign materials with an immune response that eliminates the intruding material from the body
All nucleated cells of the body possess unique and distinctive surface molecules that identify it as self
These self markers are called major histocompatibility complex molecules (MHC class I ) and function as identification tags.
The immune system will not normally react to cells bearing these genetically determined markers (self-tolerance)
Any substance that is recognised as foreign and is capable of triggering an immune response is called an antigen (non-self )
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Definition of rheumatoid arthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology characterized by symmetrical polyarthritis with systemic
inflammation.
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Pathophysiologytheory
It is believed that RA occurs
when an environmental stimulus, such as infection, triggers autoimmunity in a genetically susceptible host by modifying host proteins, through processes like citrullination, so that they become immunogenic.
An important environmental risk factor is cigarette smoking, which is also associated with more severe disease and reduced responsiveness to treatment.

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